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 Economist

[dr0EmESihf teD;tem;wpf0dkuf ivsif

ajrxkcsyfa&GU&Sm;rI
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txdjzpfonf/ uDvdkrDwm 200 atmuf
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tm;jzifh jywfa&GUBuD;rsm; vIyf&Sm; wGef;
wdkufrdMujcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/ vlae
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wmEdkifcJhaom [dr0EmivsifBuD;rsm;
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Ny;D tm&Stv,fyikd ;f a'orSyifcpH m; od&dS
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ajrmuf uDvdkrDwm 1000 cefYESihf ta&SU
taemuf uDvdkrDwm 2500 cefY&Sd onf/
a'oonf blrdaA'oabmt&if;
wufw;kd epfoabmt&if; qufaMumif;
(Sutures) trsm;tjym;&Sd&IyfaxG;NyD;
,if;qufaMumif;rsm;rSm trsm;tm;jzifh

ajrxkcsyfa&GY&Sm;rI (Tectonic)
tESpfcsKyf

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ta&SU-taemufwef;aeonfh BuD;rm;
aom wllwef;rsm; (Trendings) &SdNyD;
b,f ab;wdkuf idkufrwfaMumif;avQm
jywfa&GU (Left-Lateral, Strike-Slip
Faults) rsm; jzpfonf/ ,if;wdkYxJwGif
Kunlun, Haiyuan, Altyn Tagh jywfa&GU
rsm;yg0ifonf/ a'o&Sd (b,fab;
wdu
k f idu
k rf wfaMumif;avQm jywfa&GUrsm;
ESihf &G,fwljzpfaom) nmab;wdkufidkuf
rwfaMumif;avQmjywfa&GUrsm;wGif um&m
udk&rf? &uf'fa&;Am;ESihf ppfudkif; (Karakorum, Red River, Sagaing) wdkYyg0if
onf/ tvm;wlyif wpfqifhcH awmifajrmuf wllwef; yHkrSefjywfa&GUrsm;onf
vnf; wdAufukef;jyifjrifhudk jzwfae
onf/ wGe;f wifjywfa&GU (Thrust Faults)
rsm;ukd wd Aufuek ;f jyifjrif\
h ajrmufbuf
ESihf awmifbufodkY OD;wnfaeonfudk
awGY&onf/ NcHKajymvQif jywfa&GU
rsm;onftdEd,ESihf ,la&;&Sm;ajrcsyfxk
BuD; (Plates) rsm; 0ifwdkufrIaMumihf
tay:,H ajrjyifvmT usKUH 0ifum wGe;f wif
jywf a&GUrsm;aMumihf awmifajrmufzo
d yd rf I
(north south compression) jzpfay:vm
onf/ yHkrSefESihf idkufrwfaMumif;jywfa&GU
rsm;aMumihf ta&SUtaemufjyefu
Y m;rI jzpf
ay:vmaponf/
tmz*efepwefta&SUawmifEiS hf yg
upweftaemufydkif;wdkYESihf ra0;aom
wdAufukef;jyifjrihf taemufbufjcrf;
wGif tdE,
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xkcsyfESihfEdIif;pmvQif wapmif;jzpfae
onf/ ,if;odkYjzpfjcif;aMumihf qlvdkif
refawmifwef; (Sulaiman Range) [k
odMuaom wGefYacgufwGef;wifivsifZkef
jzpfvmonf/ a'o&Sdjywfa&GUrsm;wGif
idkufrwfaMumif;avQm? ajymif;jyef avQm?
wapmif;rwfaMumif;avQm (strike-slip,
reverse-slip, oblique-slip) vIyf&Sm;rI
rsm;&SdNyD; ,if;wdkYaMumihf ajrteufwdrf
wdrw
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twGi;f tjrefq;kH a&GUaeaomjywfa&GUrSm
b,fab;wdkufidkufrwfaMumif;avQm&Sif
(Active, Left-Lateral, Strike-Slip)

csmrefjywfa&GU (Chaman Fault) jzpf

onf/ 1505 ckESpfwGif tmz*ef epwef

EdkifiH ubl;NrdKUteD; csmrefjywfa&GU wpf

pdwfwpfydkif; aygufxGufoGm; tysuf
tpD;rsm; us,fjyefYpGmjzpfay:cJhonf/ xdk
a'owGiyf if ygupwef qlvikd rf efawmif
wef; 1935 ckESpf arv 30 &ufaeY
u vIyfcJhaom uGufwmivsif (Quetta
Earthquake) aMumihf vlaygif;oH;k aomif;
rS ajcmufaomif;tMum; aoqHk;cJhonf/
wdAufukef;jyifjrihf\ ta&SU
ajrmuf? tmz*efepwefajrmufbuf
Pamir-Hindu Kush awmifwef;atmuf
wGif ausmufxkikyfvQKd;aygif;pnf;jcif;
jzpfpOf (Lithospheric subduction)
aMumihf ajrrsuEf mS jyifatmuf uDvrD w
D m
200 txd eufaomae&mwGifvIyfaom
ivsifrsm;jzpfay:vmonf/ ,if;awmif
wef; a'owGif awGY&aom ajreufydkif;
ivsif&yf0ef;rsOf;auG;rsm;onf tvGef
eufaomae&m ausmufxk (Litho-

odkYikyfvQKd;0ifa&mufaeonf/ rnfokdYyif
jzpfap tjcm;pOf;pm;rI yHkpHrsm;t&vnf;
xkdajrxkcsyfESpfckteufwckom ikyfvQKd;
0ifa&mufaeNyD; ausmufxkcsyf (Slab)
rSmwGev
Yf rd af uG;aumufum ae&mtrsm;
tjym;wGif arSmufcHkjzpfaeonf/
ajrteufedrfhedrfhwGif vIyfonfh
tay:,H v T m ivsif r sm;onf Main
Pamir Thrust teD;ESihf tjcm;vuf&Sd
jywfa&GUt&Sifrsm; (active Quaternary
faults) teD ; wG i f v nf ; awG Y & onf /
ygrD,m;awmifwef; (Pamir mountains)
ajrmufbuf t"du ygrD;,m;wGef;wif
ivsifonf vIyf&Sm;rIwdkawmif;aom
taetxm; wpf&yfjzpfonf/ t"du
ygrD;,m;wGe;f wif ivsiaf jrmufyikd ;f onf
ajrwdrfivsif trsm;tjym;udk jzpfay:
apcJhonf/ xdkYaMumihf taemufbufESifh
ta&SUbufe,fedrdwfrsm;wGif wGef;wif

atmvfwifwwfcf jywfa&GUonf t&SnfqHk;jzpfNyD;

,if;aMumihf ajrxkcsyfBuD;rsm;aygif;qHkrI\t"du
tpd w f t yd k i f ; rsm;jzpf a y:&onf [ k ,l q &onf /
rnfokdYyifjzpfap jywfa&GUaMumihf xif&Sm;onhf
ordkif;0ifivsif BuD;rsm;vIyfcJhjcif;r&Sdao;yg/
spheric)

&SdaeaMumif; jyoaeonf/
xdkodkY&Sd ae&jcif;rSm ikyfvQKd;ausmufxk
tcsyf (subducting slab) t<uif ;
tuserf sm;aMumihf jzpfrnf[,
k q
l &onf/
Hindu-Kush a'o\jzwfydkif;yHkudkMunhf
vQif uRH0ifaeaom axmifvdkufeD;eD;
ajrmufbufodkY vSnhfaeonhfikyfvQKd;
ausmufcsyf&SdEdkifonfudk jyaeonf/
Pamir a'o\ ta&S U buf a wmuf
avQmuf jzwfydkif;yHkrsm;udk MunhfvQif
awmifbufodkYOD;wnfaeonhf ikyfvQKd;
ausmufcsyfrSm tvGefwdrfikyfvQKd;ae
aMumif;awGY&onf/ tcsKdUpOf;pm;rI yHkpH
rsm;t& xdkodkYikyfvQKd;ivsif&yf0ef;ESpfck
txd&SdEdkifaMumif;jyoaeonf/ ,if;wdkY
rSm tdEd,ajrxkcsyf (Indian plate) u
[dEL uk&afS 'o (Hindu Kush region) \
atmufodkYikyfvQKd;0ifa&mufaeNyD; ,la&;
&Sm;ajrxkcsyfrSm Pamir a'oatmuf

ESiifh u
kd rf wfaMumif;avQm yHpk EH pS cf yk ;l aygif;
xm;onhf ivsifrsm;ay:xGufvmonf/
1911 ckESpfuvIyfcJhaom jyif;tm; 7.4
pau;&S d qm&uf Z f i vsif (Sarez
earthquake) onf ygrD;,m;awmifwef;
\ tv,fA[du
k kd aygufxu
G o
f mG ;apum
vlaygif;rsm;pGmaoqHk;apNyD; ajrNydKrIrsm;
jzpfay:cJh rl*wfAf (Murghab) jrpfudk
ydwfqdkYoGm;apcJhonf/
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MNL MYANMAR 2013 (First Round)

26-1-2013
26-1-2013
26-1-2013
26-1-2013
27-1-2013
27-1-2013

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