Russell C.

Hibbeler

Chapter 8: Combined Loading
Review of the stress analysis that has been developed in the
previous chapters regarding,
- axial load
- torsion
- bending
- shear

In this chapter : Solution of problems where several of these
internal loads occur simultaneously on a members cross
section.
State Of Stress Under Axial Loading
State of Stress Under Pure Torsion
State of Stress Under Pure Bending
State Of Stress Under Transverse Load
State Of Stress Under Combined Loadings
An axial force of 900 N and a torque of 2.50 N.m are applied to
the shaft as shown below. If the shaft has a diameter of 40 mm,
determine the state of stress at a point P on its surface.
Example 1
( )
( )
kPa 9 . 198
04 . 0
32
02 . 0 5 . 2
4
= = =
t
t
J
Tr
( )
kPa 2 . 716
04 . 0
4
900
2
= = =
t
o
A
P
The beam shown below is subjected to the distributed loading of w
= 120 kN/m. Determine the state of stress at point P which lies at
the top of the web. Neglect the size of the fillets and stress
concentrations at this point. I
NA
= 67.4 x 10
-6
m
4
.
Example 2
m kN 6 . 30 kN 84 = = M V
( )( )
( )
on) (compressi MPa 4 . 45
10 4 . 67
1 . 0 10 6 . 30
6
3
=

= =

I
My
o
The solid rod shown below has a diameter of 15 mm. If it is
subjected to the loading shown, determine the state of stress at
point A.
Example 3
Example 4
The joint is subjected to a force of 250 N as shown. Determine the
state of stress at points A and B, and sketch the results on
differential elements located at these points. The members has a
rectangular cross-sectional area of width 0.5 cm and thickness
0.75 cm
Example 5
Determine the maximum and minimum normal stress in the
bracket at section a when the load is applied at (a) x = 0, (b) x =
50 mm
X = 0
X = 50
Example 6
The bar has a diameter of 40 mm. If it is subjected to a force of
800N as shown, determine the stress components that act at point
A and B and show the results on a volume element located at
these point.
Example 7
The beam supports the loading
shown. Determine the state of
stress at points E and F at
section a a.
Example 8
The tine ABC of the fork lift is subjected to a uniform distributed
loading as shown. If it is pin connected at C and Roller supported
at B, determine the state of stress at points D and E. The tine is
120 mm wide and 20 mm thick.
2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Chapter 8: Combined Loadings
Mechanics of Material 7
th
Edition
Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
Thin wall refers to a vessel having an inner-radius to-wall-thickness
ratio of 10 or more.
For cylindrical vessels under normal loading, there are normal
stresses in the circumferential or hoop direction and in the
longitudinal or axial direction.
( ) 10 / > t r
direction al longitudin in stress normal
2
direction hoop in stress normal
2
1
t
pr
t
pr
=
=
o
o
2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Chapter 8: Combined Loadings
Mechanics of Material 7
th
Edition
Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
The following is a summary of loadings that can be
applied onto a member:
a) Normal Force
b) Shear Force
c) Bending Moment
d) Torsional Moment
e) Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels
f) Superposition
2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Chapter 8: Combined Loadings
Mechanics of Material 7
th
Edition
Example 1
The tank has an inner radius of 600 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. It is
filled to the top with water having a specific weight of
w
= 10 kNm
3
. If it
is made of steel having a specific weight of
st
= 78 kNm
3
, determine
the state of stress at point A. The tank is open at the top.
( ) kN 56 . 3 1
1000
600
1000
612
78
2 2
=
(
(

|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
= = t t
st st st
V W
The pressure on the tank at level A is
( )( ) kPa 10 1 10 = = = z p
w

The weight of the tank is

For circumferential and longitudinal stress,
( )
( )
( ) ( ) | |
(Ans) kPa 9 . 77
56 . 3
(Ans) kPa 500
10
2
1000
600
2
1000
612
2
1000
12
1000
600
1
=

= =
= = =
t
o
o
st
st
A
W
t
pr