Chng 7 Mng cn bn

Trn Mnh Hng E-mail : hungtm@uit.edu.vn

Ni dung chi tit

Cn bn v TCP/IP Thit b mng Cu hnh mng TCP/IP Cng c qun tr mng ng dng mng Network File System (NFS)

Khoa MTT&TT - HCNTT

09/2012

Cn bn v TCP/IP

a ch IP: 172.29.9.9/255.255.255.0 Tn my (hostname): oscar Tn y c tn min (FQDN): oscar.hcmuns.edu.vn Phn gii tn: nh x tn sang a ch IP (DNS) Giao thc mng: TCP, UDP, ICMP, ARP, BOOTP, DHCP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, NFS, ... a ch dng ring: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0 172.16.31.0.0, 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.0 a ch loopback: 127.0.0.1

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09/2012

Thit b mng

Thit b loopback: lo Thit b ethernet: eth0, eth1 Thit b PPP: ppp0, ppp1 Thit b gi lp: dummy0 Trnh iu khin thit b mng: /lib/modules/kernelversion/kernel/driver/net/

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09/2012

Cu hnh mng TCP/IP

Cng c v file cu hnh Cu hnh thit b mng Cu hnh DNS Cu hnh nh tuyn

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09/2012

Cng c v file cu hnh

Cng c cu hnh ha: redhat-confignetwork, netconfig (Red Hat) Cng c cu hnh dng lnh: ifconfig, route File cu hnh thit b (Red Hat)

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

File cu hnh mng

/etc/sysconfig/network /etc/hosts /etc/resolv.conf

File khi ng/ngng dch v mng

/etc/rc.d/init.d/network
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redhat-config-network

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netconfig

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04/2009

Cu hnh thit b mng

Np trnh iu khin thit b

# modprobe -v 3c509

/etc/modules.conf
alias eth0 3c509 options 3c509 io=0x300, irq=9

Cu hnh thit b
ifconfig DEVICE IP_ADDR netmask MASK [up]
# ifconfig eth0 172.29.9.9 netmask 255.255.255.0 # ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 # ifconfig eth0 down

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09/2012

Cu hnh DNS

Th t phn gii tn: /etc/host.conf order hosts,bind Phn gii tn tnh: /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain locahost 172.29.9.254 gw.hcmuns.edu.vn gateway

Phn gii qua dch v DNS: /etc/resolv.conf

domain hcmuns.edu.vn nameserver 172.29.9.1 nameserver 172.29.2.1

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Cu hnh nh tuyn

Bng nh tuyn

# route [-n]
Kernel IP routing table
Destination 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Gateway 0.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 Genmask 255.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Flags MSS Window irtt Iface U 40 0 0 lo UG 40 0 0 lo

Cu hnh a ch gateway # route add default gw 172.29.9.254

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File cu hnh mng

/etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=oscar.hcmuns.edu.vn DOMAINNAME=hcmuns.edu.vn GATEWAY=172.29.9.254

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=172.29.9.112 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=172.29.9.254

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Cng c qun tr mng

ifconfig/route host/nslookup/dig ping traceroute Netstat

$ $ $ $ $

ifconfig -a host www.yahoo.com ping 172.29.2.1 traceroute student netstat -an

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ng dng mng

Cng truy cp (port) ng dng my ch (daemon) xinetd daemon

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Cng truy cp

L mt s nguyn 16-bits 0-1023: cc cng c quyn Khai bo cng: /etc/services

service ftp-data ftp ssh telnet smtp domain domain http pop3 x11 webcache port/protocol 20/tcp 21/tcp 22/tcp 23/tcp 25/tcp 53/tcp 53/udp 80/tcp 110/tcp 6000/tcp 8080/tcp aliases

mail

www www-http pop-3 X

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ng dng my ch

Chng trnh lng nghe v phc v cho mt dch v mng no C th c khi ng/ngng bng
Cc script khi ng (standalone) xinetd daemon

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xinetd

Lng nghe trn nhiu cng truy cp mt lc To mt tin trnh mi khi ng phc v dch v mng tng ng vi yu cu gi n File cu hnh: /etc/xinetd.conf, /etc/xinetd.d/
$ cat /etc/xinetd.d/telnet
service telnet { flags socket_type wait user server log_on_failure disable } MTT&TT - HCNTT

= REUSE = stream = no = root = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd += USERID = yes

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Network File System

C ch chia s file truyn thng trn Unix Thng dng trong mng LAN Truy cp trong sut C sn trong hu ht cc phin bn Unix

Cc dch v mng cn thit

portmap nh x cng sang s chng trnh RPC nfs dch v my ch NFS (rcp.nfsd, rcp.mountd, rpc.quotad)

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Mount h thng file NFS

Xem cc h thng file c export trn my ch # showmount -e oscar Mount h thng file NFS # mount -t nfs oscar:/export/data/ /mnt/data Khai bo trong /etc/fstab oscar:/export/data/ /mnt/datanfs intr

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Export h thng file NFS

Khai bo cc th mc c export: /etc/exports

directory hostname(options) /export/software ws1.lab.hcmuns.edu.vn(ro) /export/home *.lab.hcmuns.edu.vn(rw)

Lnh iu khin cc h thng file c export

exportfs -a: export hoc unexport tt c th mc -u: unexport mt hoc nhiu th mc -r: reexport tt c th mc # exportfs -av

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FAQ

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