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Egyptian Civilization
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the concept of ancient Egyptian civilization
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SMALL STELA WITH EARS

The Step Pyramid
The Abu Simbel temple in Nubia
Pectoral of king Tutankhamun
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An article about: the concept of ancient Egyptian

civilization.
By:Hager fathi
Each letter does not accurately defines terminology,

depends that jamming infected and inaccuracies in
reporting. And sometimes located in communication
disorder, often due to the lack of unified vision of
terminological significance. Hence became incumbent on
every speech aims to clarity in reporting and achieve the
end, be characterized by terminology minute
safeguarded from selections metaphor says Almnatqh.
The first thing that confronts us - in our article this - the
terminology, the term civilization.
Before I am talking about the ancient Egyptian
civilization I first explained what the term civilization is
and what are the factors that which can be inferred that
there is a civilization.
Password Civilization: is the word derived from the verb attended, which means the construction of villages
and rural areas and houses inhabited civilization is all that is produced by the human mind of Arts and Sciences
and literature and philosophy and legislation, not only produced by the human mind and even benefit, which
produced his mind was made up of so-called civilization, society of modern industrial considered form of
civilization is the product of thought humane could translate his ideas and take advantage them Vatalegna them
civilization.
Password European civilization, the term means (Civilization), a derivation of the word (Cites) in the sense of a
city or cities, while the Germans preferred the term (Culture) and German (Kultur) to denote the characteristics
of a community. Whatever the difference conflicting European thought of before, but we all agree on that word
(Culture, Civilization) meaning the common between are intellectual and emotional features that characterize a
society what a certain style of living.
Civilization of the ancient Egyptians or Pharaonic civilization is a civilization that has in Egypt under the rule of
various families Pharaonic since the dawn of history, and even the Roman invasion of Egypt over 3000 years
And divides historians history of humanity to prehistoric times (before the discovery of writing) and historical
eras, did not begin the human life in Egypt on the banks of the Nile, but the mountains and plateaus scattered,
where conditions were harsh natural control in humans, and the means of his life is limited and primitive.
Egyptian man lived life is stable, and the movement from one place to another in search of food, housing, caves
and Adanaspor hunting animals and birds, and rely on collecting seeds and fruits of plants and trees.
This man-made stone tools from the era, such as the knife Saw, and was large-sized rough. In the late Paleolithic
this man knew fire by rubbing stones together solid strongly, helped by the discovery of fire on the
development of ancient Egyptian life, so use it in cooking and lighting, and the removal of predators, and
hunting animals.
Having said rain and drought prevailed and plants disappeared in the late Paleolithic, the man was forced to
leave the plateau and resorting to the Nile Valley in search of water. In this new environment guided rights to
agriculture, and produced grain, such as wheat and barley, and animal and took care of the upbringing like
cattle, goats and sheep, and lived the life of stability and order and construction rather than life movement.
We have established human dwellings of mud and wood, which showed populations in the form of small
villages and took care of the rights buried in the graves, as developed in this era machinery and tools industry
where characterized by precision, small size, also making clay pots.
34
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By: Dr.Nazyh Soliman
Name
Category
Date
Material
Floor
Room
JE
Description
35

ARCHITECTURAL
New Kingdom , 19th Dynasty
Painted Limestone
ground
15
43566
This stela with ears belongs to a category of votive objects which

were dedicated by private persons to a particular divinity, in this
case to " He-who-listens-to-prayers ". This practice flourished
since the New Kingdom, as the relationship between the
individual and his god became more direct and close. This
sculptured and painted example is dedicated to the " Good Ram "
of Amon. Its upper part has the god depicted in the form of a ram
wearing tall feathers with two symmetrical inscriptions
identifying him as Amon-Re. The lower register is vertically
divided into two parts. On one side, Bai is kneeling, while the
other side has three pairs of ears painted and incised.
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The Step Pyramid

By: Pr. Marni Sirgo
The Step Pyramid was built during the 3rd
Dynasty, Old Kingdom for the pharaoh Djoser
(Zoser) by his architect Imhotep. Imhotep was
later deified and became the patron god of
architects and doctors. Djoser's pyramid was a
revolutionary design. Previously, pharaohs were
buried in rectangular mastabas. Imhotep created
a pyramid by stacking six mastabas on top of
each other. This design would later e...volve into
the smooth-sided pyramids seen at Giza and
elsewhere. When it was first completed and
covered in smooth limestone, the Step Pyramid had a height of 62m and a base area
of 140m by 118m. The Step Pyramid is surrounded by a large funerary complex.
Among the buildings flanking the pyramid are a hypostyle hall and Great South
Court. One wall has a frieze of cobras. The cobra, worshipped as a goddess in this
region, and was the symbol of royalty.
_____________________________________________
The Abu Simbel temple in Nubia

By: Pr. Marni Sirgo
The Abu Simbel temple in Nubia, southern
Egypt. They are situated on the western bank
of Lake Nasser, about 230 km southwest of
Aswan. The complex is part of the UNESCO
World Heritage Site known as the "Nubian
Monuments".
The twin temples were originally carved out of
the mountainside during the reign of Pharaoh
Ramesses II in the 13th century BC, as a
lasting monument to himself and his queen
Nefertari, to commemorate his great victory at
the Battle of Kadesh. The complex was
relocated in its entirety in 1968, on an artificial
hill made from a domed structure, high above the Aswan High Dam reservoir.
Construction of the temple complex started in approximately 1264 B.C. and lasted for about
20 years. Known as the "Temple of Ramesses, beloved by Amun" it was one of six rock
temples erected in Nubia during the long reign of Ramesses II. Their purpose was to
impress Egypt's southern neighbors, and also to reinforce the status of Egyptian religion in
the region. Historians say that the design of Abu Simbel expresses a measure of ego and
pride in Ramesses II.
___________________________________
36
))
Pectoral of king Tutankhamun

By: Pr. Marni Sirgo
)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
Pectoral of king Tutankhamun, 18th

dynasty, New Kingdom. The pectoral is a
kind of ornament that was very popular
with ancient Egyptian burials.
Tutankhamun's tomb had a number of
these and there either used within his
mummy bindings or found within chests in
the Treasury. Most have a dorsal ornament
which hung down the back, acting as a
counter weight and also as a fastening. This
piece is built using gold, silver and semiprecious stones. The central element is a
scarab made of green chalcedony.
___________________________________________________________________________
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Egyptian Civilization العدد الاول

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the concept of ancient Egyptian civilization

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