8888-jzpfap&ef OD;ae0if;zefwD;cJhonf/

zefw;D &aomtaMumif;&if;rSm-
1/ ESpf 20-pDrHudef;BuD;NyD;pD;&ef 3-ESpfomvkdawmhonf/ pwifcsdefupNyD; yxr 4-ESpf? ‘'kwd, 4-ESpf?
wwd, 4-ESppf rD u H ed ;f wkYdwiG f wk;d wufaeygonf[v k wT af wmfwiG f wkid ;f jynfoYdk vdrn f mwifjycJ&h m aemufq;Hk
4-ESpfumvwGif wkdif;jynfpD;yGm;a&; atmufqkH;okdY usa&mufNyD;a<u;jrnf;rsm;ukdrqyfEkdifawmhojzifh
ukvor*¾wGif urÇmhtqif;&JqkH;EdkifiHtjzpfowfrSwfay;&ef wifjycJh&m tqif;&JqkH;pm&if;0if&ef
owfrw S af omtqift h wef;ESiv hf nf;jynfph aHk omaMumift h qif;&Jq;Hk Edik if aH vQmuf&m todrw S jf yKccH &hJ onf/ ESpf
20-pDru H ed ;f BuD;NyD;pD;oGm;vQif rlvxuf 2-qjrihrf m;&rnfqadk om pDru H ed ;f BuD;onfNyD;pD;cgeD; rlvvlaerSKxuf
2-q edrfhusvmaomaMumifh ygwDOuúXBuD;OD;ae0if;onfacgif;a&SmifcsifaomaMumihfpDrHudef;BuD;rNyD;pD;rD
ygwDukdzsufum wenf;wzkHzGJYpnf;ykHukd ajymif;csifonf/ xkdYaMumifhvnf;1987-avmufwGifvTwfawmfü
wk d i f ; jynf p D ; yG m a&;twG u f rl 0 g'ajymif ; vJ r S K vk d t yf v Qif ajymif ; vJ & rnf j zpf a Mumif ; ?
xkYd aMumifo h ifah wmfaomtBuHrsm;ay; &eftrwfrsm;ukad jymcJo h nfuadk xmuf&KS jcif;tm;jzifh olwiG t f pDtpOf—
&— adS Mumif;xif&mS ;ygonf/ okYdaomf vufnKdS ;axmif? acgif;ndrv fh yk af eaom trwfrsm;u ol rnfonf&h nf&, G f
csufEiS hf ajymaMumif; rodaomaMumifh rnfou l rQ jyóem tjzpfcNH yD; rwifjycJyh g/ xkYd aMumifOh ;D ae0if;onf
ygwDuzdk suf&ef wenf;wzkBH uHpnfawmhonf/
xkdYaMumifh 88-wGif omrefausmif;om;jyóemukd taMumif;jy—umvTwfawmfwGif þtcsufuvlxkonf
tpk;d &ukt d ,kt H Munfr&So d nfujdk yoaMumif;? xkYd aMumihrf rd o d nf ygwDOuúXrSEKS wfxu G f rnfjzpfaMumif;ESihf
vlxu k wpfygwD odYkr[kw?f ygwDpBHk udKufovm;vrf;cif;ay;vku d o f nf/ xkt d csed u f omrefqyl rl KS omjzpfNyD;
rnfoYl urQ olYuydk gwDrxGucf idk ;f ? Ekid if aH &;awmif;qkrd KS rawmif;bJEiS o hf u l ,
dk w f idk u f ygwDpBHk udKufovm;[k
pvku d o f nf/
OD;ae0if;onf tmPm&onfhtcsdefupNyD; ta&;tcif;tm;vkH;ukd aphpyfvkdufavQmjcif;vkH;0rvkyfbJ?
vufeufESifhom &Sif;cJhonf/ EkdifiHa&;rawmif;qkdbJ vpmESifhqefukdomawmif;qkdaom tvkyform;ta&;
tcif;ukyd if vufeufEiS &hf iS ;f cJo h nf/ tavQmah y;aphpyfonfqo dk nfrmS olYtwGuv f ;Hk 0xk;H pHr&Scd yhJ g/ rnfonfh
ta&;tcif;ukrd qkd Mum&Snv f KS y&f mS ;cGirhf ay;yg/ cGijhf yKvQif vltyk Bf uD; BuD;vmrnfjzpfaomaMumifh 144-xkwNf yD;
tiftm;okH;&Sif;jypfavh&Sdonf/ ,ck ygwDpkHBudKufovm;[kar;NyD; vltkyfBuD;rS us,fjyefYvm&ef tcsdefay;cJh
onfudk axmufjcif;tm;jzifh ygwDuzdk sujf cif;omjzpfygonf/ rnfou l rQrawmif;qkb d J tb,faMumihf ygwD
pkH BudKufovm;[k vrf;cif;ay;&ygovJ/ vlxv k KS yf&mS ;rSKBuD;jzpfay:vmap&ef OD;atmifBuD;ESiw hf idk yf ifNyD; jyef
vSefpGyfpGJpmrsm;ukd vlxkMum;okdYjzefYapcJhonf/ þtaMumif;ukd OD;pdefausmfvSKdifu bDbDpD aqmif;yg;wGif
az:jycJhygonf/ OD;atmifBuD;onf pm;aomufqkdifzGifhNyD; tpkd;&xJu *sKHrsm;ukd aps;aygaygESifh&í pD;yGm;jzpf
aeygvQuf tb,fah Mumifph ;D yGm;ysucf NH yD; OD;ae0if;ukd wku d cf udk yf goenf;/ OD;ae0if;u OD;atmifBuD;ukd [efjy
axmifxo J Ydk ykYd vu
dk o f nf/ OD;ae0if;vrf;cif;ay;vku d af omaMumifh ajratmufAuy ,l*sDrsm;onf y&d,m,f
ukrd odbJ ajray:okYd wufvmNyD; vlxpk nf;&k;H vSKyf&mS ;rSKBuD; jyKavawmhonf/ OD;ae0if;f qifaom Zmwfvrf;
uGuo f Ydk tm;vk;H 0ifvmcJo h nf/ okYdaomfvnf; olrxifaomolwpfO;D Zmwfuu G xf o hJ Ydk 0ifa&mufvmaomtcg
&SKyfuek af wmhonf/ xko d u l m; a':pkjzpfygonf/ xkYd aMumihaf ':pk vlxpk um;ajymrnfah eYwiG f OD;atmifBuD;ukd
axmifxrJ S jyefvw T vf u dk Nf yD; vlxu k qdk aJG qmifapygonf/ OD;atmifBuD;onf y'krm® uGi;f wGif usnfumtusÐ
ukd tay:u wkdufykHtusÐ ukdxyf0wfNyD; pum;ajymcJhonf/ usnfumtusÐb,fu&ygoenf;/ rnfonfh
Ekid if aH &;orm;ukrd Q axmifxw J iG cf Pxm;NyD; jyefvw T of nfrmS xk;H pHr&Syd g/
OD;ae0if;tBuHrSm vlxkvrf;cif;ay;NyD; tcsdeftwdkif;twmwpfcktxdapmihfum vlxku ygwDpkHawmif;qkdí
ygwDukd zsuf&ygonf[k taMumif;jyvkdNyD/ 58-tdrfapmifhtpkd;&ykHpHrsdK;jzifh ppfwyfu tmPmodrf;NyD; olu
tif'edk ;D &Sm;ykpH jH zifh aemufu, G u f BudK;ukid t f yk cf sKyf&ef &nf&, G yf gonf/ xkYdaMumifv h nf; OD;atmifBuD;ppfwyfu
'Dru dk a&pD ay;onfjzpfaMumif; ppfwyfujdk ypfrmS ;&ef? ,kMH unf&ef tu,fí ppfwyfu 'Dru dk a&pD ray;ygu
tdru f kd a&eHqaD vmif;NyD; rD;&SKYd rnfjzpfaMumif;ajymqkcd yhJ gonf/
xkt d BuHonf OD;ae0if;? pE´m0if;? a'gufwmarmifarmifpaom vufwpfqyk v f w l pfpo k mod&NdS yD; OD;pD;csKyfAv dk f
apmarmifyifv;Hk 0rod&ydS g/ OD;ae0if;tBuHtpnfrsm;udk vufoufarG;xm;aom Akv d cf ifneG Yf uaqmif&u G af y;
&ygonf/ OD;ae0if;taeESihf xko d Ydkvrf;zGiahf y;&mwGif vlxu k dk omrefNidr;f csr;f pGm awmif;qkrd KS yifjzpfapcsio f nf/
qlyltMurf;zufawmif;qkdrSKrsm; rjzpfapvkd/ xkdYaMumifh qlyltMurf;zufygu ppfwyfvTwfrnfjzpfaMumif;
ppfwyfu ypfvQif rk;d ay:okYd raxmifypf? taoypfrnfjzpfaMumif;qkcd o hJ nf/
'kwd,taMumif;&if;rSm-olonfaA'if,Mwmukd vkH;0,kHMunfoljzpfonf/ vuf0JEkdifiHrjzpfap&ef vusfm
,mOfarmif;pepfoYdk ajymif;vJ,MwmacscJo h nf/ 8-av;vk;H yl;aomESpw f iG f wkid ;f jynfysufrnfqadk omaMumifh
87-wGif a&Tw*d üHk oBuFef ESpcf gvkyNf yD; ouú&mZfNzdKcJo h nf/ xko d Ydk ouú&mZfNzdKonft h aMumif;ukd orkid ;f q&m
wkYd u wku d &f u dk rf a&;&Jojzifh oG,0f u dk Nf yD; jrefrmrif;rsm; ouú&mZfNzKdrnft h aMumif;ukd aqmif;yg;rsm;a&;om;
cJo
h nf/ wkid ;f jynfaoG;acsmif;pD;rnfqí dk a&Tw*d &Hk ifjyifwiG f pkaygif;aoG;vSLyGBJ uD;usif;ycJo h nf/ tdrw f idk ;f rkeYf
[if;cg; csupf m;vQiaf b;uif;rnfqí dk owif;jzefYc&hJ m &efuek w f iG f oHy&k moD;yif&mS ;yg;cJo h nf/ vuf0EJ ikd if H
tjzpfrS vusmf armif;pepfoYdkajymif;cJo h vkd wkid ;f jynfrysuv f vdk Qif ygwDuzdk sujf cif;jzifh ,Mwmvkycf sií f ygwDpHk
BudKufovm;[kvrf;zGichf yhJ gonf/
8888-tNyD;aemuf 89-wyfrawmfaeY npmpm;yGw J iG f OD;ae0if; xyfrx H uG af y:vmonfudk axmuf&KS NyD; ygwDu
ESKwfxu G Nf yD; vk;H 0tem;,l&efudk &nf&, G cf sufr&S/d aemufu, G u f BudK;ukid &f ef &nf&, G of nfrmS vk;H 0xif&mS ;
ygonf/ aemufu, G uf ukid w f , G &f mwGif ppfwyfujdk yefcsKyfxm;Ekid &f eftwGuf 8888-tNyD;wGif axmufvrS ;f
a&;tzGJYukd tvGefBuD;pGmcsJYxGifcJhNyD; olvufoyffarG;xm;aom AkdvfcifnGefYukd AkdvfcsKyfBuD;&mxl;okdYwifay;cJh
onf/ ajcvsiu f Akv d rf LS ;BuD;u xv& uwyfMuyfBuD;tqifu h ydk if owdxm;aMumuf&YHGvm&aom tajctae
odkYa&muf&SdcJh&onf/ bkef;BuD;wapä raMumufqkdouJhokdY wyfuvmaom OD;ae0if;onf ppfwyfukdrnfokdY
ukid w f ,G &f rnfudk aumif;pGmodavonf/ t&Siaf rG;jcif; aeYjcif;BuD;qko d uJo h Ydk vufoyfarG;xm;aom Akv d cf if
nGeYf onfvnf; w[kex f ;dk xdyyf idk ;f okYd a&mufc&hJ avonf/