Topic 2: Cells Miss Friedman

Include: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ribosomes Lysosomes Golgi apparatus Mitochondria Nucleus Centrosomes Vacuoles

Structure
Nucleus Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Mitochondria Centrioloes Lysosome

Function
Stores almost all of the genetic material of the cell. Synthesize proteins (free or associated with ER) Synthesize proteins Stores, modifies and packages proteins Organelle that carries out respiration Associated with nuclear division Contain and transport enzymes

Plant Cell Similarities Differences

Animal Cell

Have nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane Stores carbohydrates as starch Exterior includes a cell wall with a plasma membrane Do not contain centrioles within a centrosome area Chloroplasts are present in the cytoplasm Stores carbohydrates as glycogen Exterior only includes a plasma membrane Contain centrioles within a centrosome area No chloroplasts

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of collagen fibres (a protein) plus a combination of sugars and proteins called glycoproteins These form box-like structures that anchor the matrix to the plasma membrane The ECM allows for cell-to-cell interaction Many researchers think the ECM is involved in directing stem cells to differentiate