Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.

vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CHNG 1

AI CNG VE OXI HOA KH

I. NH NGHA PHAN NG OXI HOA KH: Phan ng oxi hoa kh la phan ng trong o co
t, phan t hoac ion tham gia phan ng hoac co s nhng, nhan electron gia cac
ng. V du: Phan ng gia Zn va CuSO4 la phan ng oxi hoa kh: Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4
h gom hai qua trnh (2 ban phan ng) xay ra ong thi: Qua trnh nhng electro
am tang so oxi hoa cua nguyen to goi la qua trnh oxi hoa. Zn0 Zn2+ + 2e Qua
cua nguyen to trong mot chat (lam giam so oxi hoa cua nguyen to) goi la qua tr
+ Chat kh: la chat nhng electron, la chat tang so oxi hoa sau phan ng xay ra
(la nguyen t hay ion cho electron). V du: Zn p (1) + Chat oxi hoa: la chat nha
hat giam so oxi hoa sau phan ng xay ra con goi la chat b kh (la nguyen t h
Cu2+ p (1) Chu y: Chat ay co the la nguyen t (v du: Zn, Fe, S), phan
+, Ce-,...). V du: Lay mot thanh Zn nhung vao mot coc ng dd CuSO4. Sau mot thi
nong len va mot lp ket tua xop mau o bam vao thanh Zn: o la Cu kim loai. Zn
Cu2+ va tr thanh Zn2+ i vao dd. Zn + CuSO4 = ZnSO4 + Cu ( ) -Ta co hai ban phan ng
+ 2e (qua trnh oxi hoa) Cu2+ + 2e Cu (qua trnh kh) -Qua trnh oxi hoa bien Zn ki
ion Zn2+, so oxi hoa tang Zn la chat kh -Qua trnh kh bien ion Cu2+ thanh Cu ki
a giam Cu2+ la chat oxi hoa -Phan ng ( ) goi la phan ng oxi hoa kh. Tong q
ne Kh2 Kh1 + Oxh2 Oxh1 + Kh2
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Trong o: Oxh1/Kh1 & Oxh2/Kh2 c goi la nhng cap oxi hoa kh lien hp cua cac
oxi hoa kh: - Phan ng gia cac phan t trong o chat oxi hoa va chat kh
Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu - Phan ng oxi hoa kh noi phan t: 2KMn+7O4 K2Mn+6O4 + Mn+
Phan ng t oxi hoa kh: Clo2 + 2NaOH NaCl-1 + NaCl+1O + H2O II. SO OXI HOA: a) n

So oxi hoa la ien tch cua nguyen t trong phan t vi gia nh rang lien ket
cac phan t va ion gom nhieu nguyen t, nguyen t nao co o am ien ln hn
oh dng). b) Qui c ve cach xac nh so oxi hoa: + So oxi hoa cua moi n chat
hoa = 0: Cu0 , Cl20. + oi vi ion n nguyen t, soh = ien tch ion o. V du: soh
lt la +1, +2, -2. Chu y: e tranh nham lan vi ien tch cua cac ion, so oxi h
ua cac ion th viet so trc, dau sau. V du: ion Na+ co so oxi hoa +1, ien tch
uyen t hiro co so oxi hoa la +1, nguyen t oxi co so oxi hoa la -2 + Ngoai le
ng peoxit la -1 (H2O2, Na2O2); supeoxit la -1/2 (KO2) hay trong hp chat vi Flo la +2
O) do F2O co o am ien ln hn Oxi Trong cac hirua cua kim loai hoat ong (NaH,
+ Tong so oxi hoa cua cac nguyen t trong mot hp chat bang 0. V du: Zn+2O-2 to
+ Tong so oxi hoa cua cac nguyen t trong mot ion a nguyen to bang ien tch ma
6 O-2

+ oi vi cac phi kim phan nhom chnh IV, V, VI, VII co nhieu mc oxi hoa am va
dng cao nhat la so th t nhom. Tong tr tuyet oi so oxi hoa am thap nhat va
8. V du: N co soh am thap nhat -3, soh dng cao nhat +5 thoa man: /-3/ + /5/ = 8 +
an so oxi hoa va hoa tr, oi khi la khac nhau. V du: Trong FeO: Fe co hoa tr 2
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Trong CaC2 th C co hoa tr 4 nhng so oxihoa la -1. Do o, e xac nh hoa tr va

ong hp chat ngi ta thng phai dung en CTCT cua chat o: hoa tr cua mot ngu
uanh nguyen t o. V du: CaC2 (Canxi cacbua) Fe+8/33O4 (Sat t oxit)

+ oi vi hp chat hu c: Mot nguyen t lien ket cong hoa tr vi nhieu nguy

so cac so oxi hoa ng vi tng nguyen t ma no lien ket. Lien ket cong hoa
i hoa c tnh nh sau: +1 (trong lien ket n), +2 (trong lien ket oi) cho nguyen
ho nguyen t co o am ien ln. V du 2: HCHO (hnh ve di). C V du 1: CH4 (hnh
+ (-1) + (-1) = oxi hoa la (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = -4 0

oi vi C: - Cong hoa tr cua C trong hp chat hu c eu bang 4 nhng so oxi ho

en ket vi no: - Neu lien ket vi cac nguyen t co o am ien ln hn nh phi
dng (+). V du: O-2 == +2C+2 == O-2 - Neu kien ket vi nguyen t co o am ien n
h so oxi hoa C la am (-). - Neu lien ket vi chnh no (-C-C-) th khong tnh so o
du: C co so oxi hoa -1 trong CaC2 : * Cach xac nh so oxi hoa cua C trong hp cha
CTPT cua hp chat va xac nh so oxi hoa cua C giong cach xac nh so oxi hoa t
nhieu C th o la so oxi trung bnh)
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cach 2: Xac nh so oxi hoa cua tng nguyen t C da vao CTCT.
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

V du 1: CH3CH2OH Cach 1: at a la so oxi hoa trung bnh cua C: Ca2H+16O-2. Ta co:

= 0 a = -2 Cach 2: Da vao hnh ve tren ta suy ra C so 1 co so oxi hoa la -1,
i hoa la -3, so oxi hoa trung bnh cua C la V du 2: CH3COOH Cach 1: at a la so
cua C. CTPT : Ca2H+14O-22 Ta co: 2a + 1.4 - 2.2 = 0 a = 0 Cach 2: Da vao hnh ve t
ra C so 1 co so oxi hoa la +3, con C so 2 co so oxi hoa la -3 nen so oxi hoa tr
. + Y ngha cua viec xac nh so oxi hoa : Dung e can bang phng trnh phan
oa cua cac nguyen to phan ng co phai la phan ng oxi hoa kh hay khong ?
ng, nguyen t nao la chat kh, nguyen t nao la chat oxi hoa ? V du : Xet p
3Cl3-1.
(1) + (3) = 2 . 2

-Ta thay: phan ng co s thay oi so oxi hoa phan ng oxi hoa kh. -Trong phan
Cl2 tham gia phan ng oxi hoa kh ma thc te ch co nguyen t Fe trang thai ox
Fe3+ Cl2 + 2e 2ClIII. AP DUNG Bai 1: Tnh so oxi hoa cua cac nguyen to c gach
n sau: a/ KMnO4, K2MnO4, MnO2, Mn2+, MnO4-, MnO42-, Mn, MnSO4, MnCl2, HNO3, HNO2
, NO3-, NO2, NO2-, N2, NH4+, NH4NO3, N2O, NO, N2O3, N2O5, KNO3, N2O4, (NH4)2SO4,
CuO, Cu, Cu2O, Cu2+, CuSO4, CuCl, CuCl2, Cu(OH)2, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe, Fe(OH)
2, Fe(OH)3, FeS2, FeCO3, Fe3+, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, Fe(NO3)3, CaC2, Al4C3, C, CO, C
O2.
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(tang so oxi hoa chat kh) (giam so oxh chat oxi hoa)

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------b/ K2Cr2O7, Cr, Cr3+, K2CrO4, Cr2O72-, Cr2(SO4)3, Cr2O3, CrO42-, CrCl3, CrO2-, C
rO, Cr2O3, CrO3, Cr(OH)3, Na2Cr2O7, CrBr3, NaCrO2, H2SO4, H2SO3, FeSO4, SO3, SO3
2-, Na2S2O3, Na2S4O6, S, S8, SO42-, SO2, H2S, SF6, FeS2, FeS, K2S, KHS, H3PO4, P
4, P, P2O5, P2O3, PH3, PO43-, AlO2-, KAlO2, HCl, Cl2, Cl-, KClO3, NaClO, ClO-.

Bai 2: Tnh so oxi hoa cua cac nguyen to C, H, O, N trong cac hp chat hu c sau:
n, H2N-CH2-COOH); Axit lactic (Acid lactic, CH3-CHOHCOOH); Axit cloaxetic (Acid
cloroacetic, Cl-CH2-COOH); Anilin (C6H5-NH2); Nitrobenzen (C6H5-NO2); ietylete (D
ietyl eter, C2H5-O-C2H5); ancol benzylic (C6H5CH2-OH); Lizin (Lysin, H2N-CH2-CH2
-CH2-CH2-CHNH2-COOH); Cloropren (2Clobuta ien-1,3 CH2=CH-CCl=CH2); Metylamin (CH3
-NH2); Axit acrilic (CH2=CHCOOH). b/ Benzandehit (Benzaldehid, C6H5-CHO); Phenol
(C6H5-OH); Glixerin (Glicerin, CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH); p-Cresol (p-CH3-C6H4-OH); Axi
t fomic (Acid formic, HCOOH); Axit picric (2,4,6-Trinitrophenol); TNT (2,4,6-Tri
nitrotoluen); Axit glutamic (HOOC-CH2-CH2-CHNH2-COOH); Alanin (CH3-CHNH2-COOH);
Isopren (CH2=CH-CCH3=CH2); Axit a-aminoenantoic (H2N-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2COOH
); Axit adipic [ Acid adipic, HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH ]. IV. CAP OXI HOA KH LIEN HP Cp oxi h
l tp hp gm hai cht, cht oxi ha v cht kh tng ng (cht oxi ha v cht kh lin h
3+/Al, 2H+/H2, Cl2/2Cl-, Fe3+/Fe2+, Cu2+/Cu, Cu2+/Cu+

Trong mt cp oxi ha kh th mnh ca cht oxi ha v ca cht kh ngc nhau. Ngha l n

s rt yu v ngc li, nu cht kh rt mnh th cht oxi ha tng ng s rt yu. Th d
c tnh oxi ha rt yu. Vi cp Au3+/Au th do Au c tnh kh rt yu nn Au3+ c tnh oxi
ng dy th in ha, ngi ta sp cc kim loi (tr H l phi kim) theo th t, t trc ra sa
ion kim loi tng ng (ion dng) theo th t, t trc ra sau, c mnh tnh oxi ha tng
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Chiu mnh tnh kh gim dn. K Ca Na Mg Al Mn Zn Cr Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Ag Hg Pt Au
K+ Ca2+ Na+ Mg2+ Al3+ Mn2+ Zn2+Cr3+ Fe2+Ni2+Sn2+ Pb2+ H+Cu2+Ag+ Hg2+ Pt2+ Au3+
C
hiu mnh tnh oxi ha tng dn. Th in ha chun ca cp oxi ha kh no cng ln v
; Cn th in ha chun ca cp oxi ha kh no cng nh v i s th cht oxi ha cng
Ox2/Kh2 Tnh oxi ha: Ox1 > Ox2 Tnh kh: Kh1 < Kh2 Th d: Thc nghim cho bit: E0Ag+/Ag >
+/Fe2+ >E0Cu2+/Cu > E0Fe2+/Fe Do ,

tnh oxi ha: Ag+ > Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ tnh kh: Ag < Fe2+ < Cu < Fe Sau y l tr s th i
mt s cp oxi ha kh thng gp (Ngi ta xc nh c cc tr s ny l do thit lp cc
ha kh hiro . Vi in cc hiro c chn lm in cc chun v qui c E02H+/H2 = 0 V) K+
Fe3+/Fe Cu2+/Cu Hg2+/Hg -2,92 -2,37 -0,76 -0,26 -0,04 +0,34 +0,85 Ca2+/Ca Al3+/A
l Cr3+/Cr Sn2+/Sn -2,87 -1,66 -0,74 -0,14 Na+/Na Mn2+/Mn Fe2+/Fe Pb2+/Pb Cu2+/Cu
+ Ag+/Ag Au3+/Au -2,71 -1,19 -0.44 -0,13 +0,16 +0,80 +1,50
2H+(axit)/H2 0,00 Fe3+/Fe2+ Pt2+/Pt +0,77 +1,20
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHNG 2 CC PHNG PHP CN BNG PHN NG OXI HA KH

* Nguyn tc: cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh l s in t cho ca cht kh phi bng s i
cht kh phi bng s oxi ha gim ca cht oxi ha. I. PHNG PHP CN BNG IN T (THNG
Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra vi y tc cht, sn phm (nu u bi yu cu b sung
guyn t c s oxi ha thay i. Nhn din cht oxi ha, cht kh. + Vit phn ng cho, phn
hn ng kh). Ch cn vit nguyn t ca nguyn t c s oxi ha thay i, vi s oxi ha
yn t c s oxi ha thay i hai bn bng nhau. + Cn bng s in t cho, nhn. S in t
i ha (Hay s oxi ha tng ca cht kh bng s oxi ha gim ca cht oxi ha) bng cch thm
ng cho, nhn in t; cc h s cn bng tm c; v phn ng lc u b sung h s th
(nu c) nh phn ng trao i. V d: Cn bng cc phn ng sau y theo phng php cn b
MnSO4 +2 Mn +3 2Fe + 2e(+6)
+3
+ Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 +
KMnO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 H2O Cht oxi ha Cht kh +7 2 Mn +5e+2 5 2Fe (+4) 2KMnO4 + 10FeSO
4 + H2SO4
(s kh) (s oxi ha) + H 2O
2MnSO4 + 5Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 2MnSO4 + 5Fe2(SO4)3
2KMnO4 + 10FeSO4 + 8H2SO4
+ K2SO4 + 8H2O
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V d 2: Fe3O4

Cht kh
+8/3
+ HNO3
Cht oxi ha
Fe(NO3)3
+3
+ N xO y
+ H2 O
(5x-2y) 3Fe
(+8) +5
3Fe + e(+9) +2y/x
(s oxi ha)
xN
+ (5x-2y)e(+5x)
xN
(+2y)
(s kh) N xO y + H 2O
(5x-2y)Fe3O4 +
xHNO3
(15x-6y)Fe(NO3)3 +
(5x-2y)Fe3O4 + (46x-18y)HNO3
(15x-6y)Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + (23x-9y)H2O

II- PHNG PHP CN BNG ION- IN T (ch ap dung cho phan ng oxi hoa kh xay ra tro
g khoi lng va ien tch ma khong can tnh theo soh ) * Phng phap chung: Viet ph
gon. V du: FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O Fe2+ + MnO4- + H+
2Fe3+ + Mn2+ + H2O (dang ion thu gon) Viet cac na phan ng oxi hoa - kh roi ca
3+ MnO4- + 8H+ Mn2+ + 4H2O Phan ng xay ra trong moi trng axit, ve nao thieu ox
nao tha oxi cong H+. Phan ng xay ra trong moi trng kiem, ve nao thieu oxi c
g H2O. Phan ng xay ra trong moi trng trung tnh (H2O) th xem san pham tao than
co axit : can bang giong trng hp cua moi trng kiem. San pham tao thanh co
oi trng axit. + Can bang nguyen t: + Can bang ien tch: Bang cach them electr
2Fe2+ 2Fe3+ + 2e MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O Can bang he so sao cho so electron
= so electron nhan. 5 x 2Fe2+ 2Fe3+ + 2e
2x MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10Fe2+ + MnO4- + 16H+ 10Fe3+ + 2Mn2+ + 8H2O Cong 2 ve cung mot lng cation hoac an
r ien tch suy ra phng trnh dang phan t. 10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3
+ 8H2O V du: Can bang phan ng trong moi trng kiem: Dang phan t: NaCrO2 + Br2
aBr + H2O + Dang ion thu gon:Na +CrO2-+Na++OH- 2Na++CrO42-+Na++ Br-+ H2O Cac na phan
CrO2- + 4OH- CrO42- + 2H2O + 3e Br2 + 2e 2BrPhng trnh ion: 2CrO2- + 8OH- + 3Br2 2C
rO42- + 4H2O + 6BrVay: 2NaCrO2 + 3Br2 + 8NaOH 2Na2CrO4 + 6NaBr + 4H2O III- PHNG PHP I
S (khong can xac nh chat kh, chat oxi hoa, so oxi hoa) * Co 3 bc thc hien
he so can bang. Bc 2: Ap dung nh luat bao toan nguyen to e lap he nhie
Cho gia tr cu the mot he so bat ky t o tnh ra cac he so khac.
a = c a = c = 1 b = 2e b = 2e -Ta co cac phng trnh sau: Cho a = c = 1 b
b = 6c + d + e 3b = 6 + d + e a = c =1 b = 8 3 2 d = 3 e = 4 3
ion.
Nhan he so vao va cong hai na phan ng lai c phng trnh
V du : aCu + bHNO3 = cCu(NO3)2 + dNO + eH2O
- Nhan 3 ong loat vao cac he so tren: a = c = 3, b = 8, d = 2, e = 4. - Vay: 3Cu +
3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O

IV- CC BI TP P DNG
Cu 1 : 1. iu khng nh sau y c ng khng gii thch? mt cht c tnh oxi ha gp m
ha kh. Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 11
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau di dng phn t v ion thu gn: a. MnO4- +
+ + CO2 + b. FexOy + H+ + SO42- SO2 + . (Trch thi ngh Olympic truyn thng 30/4 c
G Vp- TPHCMnm 2000) Bi lm: 1. iu khng nh trn khng phi lc no cng ng. *V mu
kh B th cht oxi ha to thnh phi yu hn A v cht kh sinh ra phi yu hn B. Th d: C
rong : - Cht oxi ha Cu2+ yu hn cht oxi ha ban u l Ag+ - Cht kh sinh ra l Ag yu
Ngc li phn ng s khng xy ra khi: Ag + Cu2+ Ag+ + Cu * Ngoi ra phn ng oxi ha kh
hit v cht xc tc t0 , Th d: N2 + 3H2 Fe 2NH3 2. a. MnO4- + C6H12O6 + H+ Mn2+
h dng ion: 24 Mn+7 + 5e Mn+2 5 6C0 6C+4 + 6.4e PT ion: 24MnO4- + 5C6H12O6 + H+ 24
Mn2+ + 30CO2 + 66H2O PT phn t: 24KMnO4 + 5C6H12O6 + 36H2SO4 24MnSO4 + 30CO2 + 66H2
O +12K2SO4 b. FexOy + H+ + SO42- SO2 + . PT di dng ion: 2x Fe2y/x xFe+3 + (3x-2y)e (
3x-2y)x S+6 +2e S+4 PT ion : (12x 4y)H+ 2FexOy + (3x-2y)SO42- 2xFe+3 + (3x-2y)SO
2 + (6x- 2y)H2O PT di dng phn t : 2FexOy + (6x- 2y) H2SO4 xFe2(SO4)3 + (3x-2y)SO2 + (
6x-2y)H2O Cu 2: Cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php cn bng ion electron
SO3 + H2SO4 MnSO4 + Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + H2O b. FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O Trn
c s h s tm c, hy suy lun cho trng hp Fe3O4: Fe3O4 + HNO3 NxOy + (Trch th
/4 ca Trng THPT Minh Khai - nm 2000) Bi lm: a. KMnO4 + Na2SO3 + H2SO4 MnSO4 + Na2SO4
K2SO4 + H2O 2 MnO4- + 8H+ +5e Mn2+ + 4H2O 5 SO32- + H2O SO42- +2H++ 2e 2+ 2MnO4
+ 5SO3 + 6H 2Mn2+ + 5SO42- + H2O 2KMnO4 + 5Na2SO3 + 3H2SO4 2MnSO4 + 5Na2SO4 + K
2SO4 + 3H2O b. FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O FeO + 2H+ Fe3+ + H2O +1e xNO3- +
(6x-2y) H+ + (5x-2y)e NxOy + (3x-y)H2O (5x-2y)FeO + (16x-6y)H+ + xNO3- (5x-2y)F
e3+ + NxOy + (8x-3y)H2O Vy : (5x-2y)FeO + (16x-6y)HNO3 (5x-2y)Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + (
8x-3y)H2O M : (5x-2y)Fe2O3 + (30x-12y)HNO3 (5x-2y)Fe(NO3)3 + (15x-6y)H2O Suy ra t
phng trnh phn ng ca Fe3O4( FeO . Fe2O3) (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + (46x-18y)HNO3 (15x-6y)Fe(NO3)
+ NxOy + (23x-9y)H2O Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 12
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cu 3 : 1. Dng phng php thng bng e cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng oxi ha kh
H2SO4 c CO2 + SO2 + H2O b. FeS2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O c. K2Cr2O7 + H
2S + H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + S + K2SO4 + H2O 2. Mt khong vt X gm 2 nguyn t A, B( trong A
loi, B l phi kim) - Kh X c rn Y(A2O3) kh/ (BO2), trong phn trm khi lng A
Z l 50% - Y tc dng ng 1,8 g H2, to cao - Z tc dng 117,6g K2Cr2O7 trong mi trng
d cho mui Cr3+ Xc nh tn khong vt X v lng X t? (Trch thi ngh Olympic t
M- nm 1999- 2000) Bi lm: 1. a. C12H22O11 + H2SO4 c CO2 + SO2 + H2O 1 12C0 12C+4 + 4.
2e 24 S+6 + 2e S+4 12C0 + 24S+6 12C+4 + 24S+4 C12H22O11 + 24H2SO4 c 12CO2 + 24SO2
+ 35H2O b. FeS2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O Fe+2 Fe+3 +1e 2S-1 + 7e.2 2S
+6 1 Fe+2 + 2S-1 Fe+3 + 2S+6 +15e 15 N+5 +1e N+4 Fe+2 + 2S-1 + 15N+5 Fe+3 + 2S+6
+ 15N+4 FeS2 + 18HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 2H2SO4 + 15NO2 + 7H2O c. K2Cr2O7 + H2S + H2SO4
Cr2(SO4)3 + S + K2SO4 + H2O 1 2Cr+6 + 3e(2) 2Cr+3 3 S-2 S0 + 2e 2Cr+6 + 3S-2- 2
Cr+3 + 3S0 K2Cr2O7 + 3H2S + 4H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + 3S + K2SO4 + H2O Cu 4: 1. Bng phng php
thng bng electron, cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha kh sau: a. FeS2 + HNO3 + HCl FeCl3 +
O + H2O b. MxOy + HNO3 M(NO3)n + NO + H2O c. KMnO4 + C6H12O6 + H2SO4 MnSO4 +K2SO
4 + CO2 + H2O d. CrCl3 + Br2 + NaOH Na2CrO4 + NaBr + NaCl + H2O 2. Trong iu kin th n
ghim c th, Al tc dng vi HNO3 to hn hp kh X gm NO, NO2 theo phng trnh phn ng:
+ NO2 + NO + H2O Hy cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh cho mi trng hp: a. d X / C3 H 4 = 1,

b. d X / C3 H 4 = 1,122 Nu nhn xt v h s ca phng trnh phn ng Hy cho bit khong g

3 H 4
(Trch thi ngh Olympic truyn thng 30/4 ca Trng THPT Hng Vng- nm 1999- 2000)
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 13
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi lm: 1. a. FeS2 + HNO3 + HCl FeCl3 +H2SO4 + NO + H2O Fe+2 Fe+3 +1e 1 2S-1 2
S+6 + 14e 15 N+5 +3e N+2 FeS2 + 5HNO3 + 3HCl FeCl3 + 2H2SO4 + 5NO + 2H2O

b. 3Mx+2y/x Oy + (4nx -2y)HN+5O3 3xM+n(NO3)n + (nx- 2y)NO + (2nx-y)H2O c. KMnO4

+ C6H12O6 + H2SO4 MnSO4 +K2SO4 + CO2 + H2O 24 Mn+7 + 5e Mn+2 5 6C0 6C+4 + 6.4e P
T ion: 24MnO4- + 5C6H12O6 + H+ 24Mn2+ + 30CO2 + 66H2O PT phn t: 24KMnO4 + 5C6H12O6
+ 36H2SO4 12K2SO4 + 24MnSO4 + 30CO2 + 66H2O d. 2CrCl3 + 3Br2 + 16NaOH 2Na2CrO4 +
6NaBr + 6NaCl + 8H2O 2. a. T l: NO : NO2 = 0,325 : 0,675= 10:21 10N+5 + 30e 10N+2
21 N+5 + 21e 21N+4 31N+5 + 51e 21N+4 + 10N+2 17Al0 17Al+3 + 17. 3e 17 Al + 82HN
O3 17Al(NO3)3 + 21NO2 + 10NO + 41H2O b. T l: NO : NO2 = 0,07 : 0,93 = 1:13 N+5 + 3
e N+2 13(N+5 +1e) 13N+4 3(14N+5 + 16e 13N+4 + N+2 16Al0 16Al+3 + 16.3e 16 Al + 9
0HNO3 16Al(NO3)3 + 39NO2 + 3NO + 45H2O Nhn xt: H s phng trnh ng vi t l tnh
X : 0,75 < dX <1,15
Cu 5: Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha kh cho sau theo phng php ion- electron: 1. Cr2S3 +
K2CO3 K2CrO4 + K2MnO4 + CO2 + NO + K2SO4 2. Fe3O4 + HNO3 NxOy + . 3. FexOy + H2S
O4 c, nng 4. CrI3 + Cl2 + KOH K2CrO4 + KIO4 + KCl + H2O 5. P + NH4ClO4 N2 + Cl2 + H
3PO4 (Trch thi ngh Olympic truyn thng 30/4 ca trng THPT Chuyn Lm ng Tnh L
S3 + Mn(NO3)2 + K2CO3 K2CrO4 + K2MnO4 + CO2 + NO + K2SO4 1 Cr2S3 + 20CO32- 2CrO4
2- + 3SO42- + 20CO2 + 30e 15 Mn2+ + 2NO3- + 2e MnO4- + 20NO PT ion rt gn: Cr2S3 +
20CO32- + 15Mn2+ + 30NO3- 2CrO4- + 3SO42- + 15MnO42- + 30NO + 20CO2 PT phn t: Cr2S
3 + 15Mn(NO3)2 + 20K2CO3 2K2CrO4 + 15K2MnO4 + 20CO2 + 30NO +3 K2SO4
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT
14
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. Fe3O4 + HNO3 NxOy + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + 8H+ 3Fe3+ + 4H2O + e
1 xNO3- + (6x-2y)H+ + (5x-2y)e NxOy + (3x-y)H2O PT ion rt gn : (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + xNO
3- + (46x -18y)H+ (15x-6y)Fe3+ + NxOy + (23x-9y)H2O PT phn t : (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + (46
x-18y) HNO3 NxOy + (15x-6y) Fe(NO3)3 + (23x -9y)H2O

3. FexOy + H2SO4 c, nng Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O 1 2FexOy + 4yH+ 2xFe3+ + 2yH2O + (6x4y)e (3x- 2y) SO42- + 4H+ + 2e SO2 + 2H2O PT ion thu gn : 2FexOy + (3x-2y)SO42- +
(12x-4y)H+ 2xFe3+ + (3x-2y)SO2 + (6x-2y)H2O PT phn t : 2FexOy + (6x-2y)H2SO4 c, nng
xFe2(SO4)3 + (3x-2y)SO2 + (6x-2y)H2O 4. CrI3 + Cl2 + KOH K2CrO4 + KIO4 + KCl + H
2O 2 CrI3 + 32OH- CrO42- + IO4- + 16H2O +27e 27 Cl2 + 2e 2ClPT ion thu gn: 2CrI3
+ 64OH- +27Cl2 CrO42- + 6IO4- + 32H2O + 54ClPT phn t: CrI3 + 27Cl2 + 64KOH 4K2CrO4
+ 6KIO4 + 54KCl + 32H2O 5. P + NH4ClO4 N2 + Cl2 + H3PO4 +H2O 8 P + 4H2O PO43- +
8H+ + 5e 5 2NH4ClO4 + 8H+ + 8e N2 + Cl2 + 8H2O PT ion thu gn: 8P + 6NH4ClO4 5N2
+ 5Cl2 + 8PO43- +H2O + 24H+ PT phn t: 8P + 6NH4ClO4 5N2 + 5Cl2 + 3H3PO4 +8H2O
Cu 6: B tc v cn bng theo phng php ion- electron a. C6H12O6 + MnO4- + H+ CO2 + b.
O3- + H+ NxOy + c. CrO2- + H+ + KI Cr2+ + Vit li di dng phng trnh phn t. (Tr
truyn thng 30/4 ca trng THPT Chuyn L Qu n Tnh B Ra Vng Tu nm 2000) Bi
CO2 + Mn2+ + H2O 5 C6H12O6 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 24H+ + 24e 24 MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4
H2O PT ion thu gn: 5C6H12O6 + 24MnO4- + 72H+ 30CO2 + 24Mn2+ + 66H2O PT phn t: 5C6H1
2O6 + 24KMnO4 + 36H2SO4 30CO2 + 24MnSO4 + 12K2SO4+ 66H2O
b. Fe3O4 + HNO3 NxOy + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + 8H+ 3Fe3+ + 4H2O + e 1 xNO
3- + (6x-2y)H+ + (5x-2y)e NxOy + (3x-y)H2O PT ion rt gn :
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 15
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(5x-2y) Fe3O4 + xNO3- + (46x -18y)H+ (15x-6y)Fe3+ + NxOy + (23x-9y)H2O PT p
hn t : (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + (46x-18y) HNO3 NxOy + (15x-6y) Fe(NO3)3 + (23x -9y)H2O
c. CrO2- + H+ + KI Cr2+ + 2 CrO2- + 4H+ + e Cr2+ + 2H2O 1 2I- I2
gn: 2CrO2- + 8H+ + 2I- I2 + Cr2+ + 4H2O PT phn t: 2KCrO2 + 2KI +
2 +2K2SO4 + 4H2O
Cu 7: B tc v cn bng cc phng trnh ha hc sau y bng phng
a. Cl2 + I- + H2O IO3- + +. b. Cl2 + I- + OH- IO4- + . + c.
+ H2SO4 + NO + H2O (Trch thi hc sinh gii cc tnh pha nam Ha
lm: a. Cl2 + I- + H2O IO3- + Cl- + H+ 3 Cl2 + 2e 2Clc.oxh 1 I- +
+ 6e c.kh 3Cl2 + I- + 3H2O IO3- + 6Cl- + 6H+

+ 2e PT ion thu
4H2SO4 2CrSO4 + I

php cn bng ion- ele

Cu2S + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2
hc 10 Sa c- ng Th
3H2O IO3- + 6H+

b. Cl2 + I- + OH- IO4- + Cl- + H2O 7 Cl2 + 2e 2Clc. oxh 2 I- + 8OH- IO4- + 4H2O
+ 7e c. kh 7Cl2 + 2I- + 16OH- 2IO4- + 14Cl- + 8H2O c. Cu2S + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2SO
4 + NO + H2O 3 Cu2S + 4H2O 2Cu2+ + SO42- + 8H2O + 10e c.kh 10 NO3- +4H+ +3e NO +
2H2O c.oxh 3Cu2S + 16H+ +10NO3- 6Cu2+ +3SO42- + 10NO + 8H2O 3Cu2S + 22HNO3 6Cu(N
O3)2 + 3H2SO4 + 10NO + 8H2O
Cu 8 : B tc v cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng sau theo phng php thng bng electron
m + b. FeS2 + H2SO4 long c. As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O d. Al + HNO3 N2O + NO (T l nN 2 O :
O = 1 : 3 )
e. FexOy + H2SO4 SO2 + g. M2(CO3)n + HNO3 M(NO3)m + NO h. K2Cr2O7 + (NH4)2S + KOH
+ H2O
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 16
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------k. FeSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 (Trch thi ngh k thi Olympic 30/4 ca trng THPT C
ung Tr - nm hc 1999-2000) Bi lm: a. FexOy + HNO3 NnOm + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O (5n -2m) xFe+2
/x xFe+3 + (3x-2y)e (3x-2y) nN+5 + (5n- 2m)e n Nn+2m/n (5n -2m) FexOy + (18nx 2n
y -6mx) HNO3 (5n -2m)xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NnOm + (9nx ny 3mx)H2O
b. FeS2 + H2SO4
FeSO4 + H2S + S
28e 28 N+5 + 3e
2O + NO (T l

long FeSO4 + H2S + S 1 S-1 +1e S-2 1 S-1 S0+ 1e FeS2 + H2SO4 long
c. As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO 3 As2S3 2As+5 + 3S+6 +
N+2 3As2S3 + 28HNO3 + 4H2O 6H3AsO4 + 9H2SO4 + 28NO d. Al + HNO3 N
nN 2 O : nNO = 1 : 3 )

17 Al0 Al+3 + 3e 3 N+5 + 17e 3N+2 + 2N+1 17Al + 66HNO3 17 Al(NO3)3 + 9NO + 3N2O
+ 33H2O

e. FexOy + H2SO4 Fe(NO3)3 + SO2 + H2O (3x-2y) S+6 + 2e S+4 2 xFe2y/x xFe+3 + (3x
-2y)e 2FexOy + (9x-2y)H2SO4 2xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y) SO2 + (9x-2y)H2O f. M2(CO3)n +
HNO3 M(NO3)m + NO + CO2 + H2O 3 2M+n 2M+m + 2(m-n)e 2(m-n) N+5 + 3e N+2 3M2(CO3)
n + (8m-2n) HNO3 6M(NO3)m + 2(m-n)NO + 3nCO2 + (4m-n)H2O h. K2Cr2O7 + (NH4)2S +
KOH + H2O K3[Cr(OH)6] + S + NH3 1 2Cr+6 + 6e 2Cr+3 3 S-2 S0 + 2e K2Cr2O7 + 3(NH4
)2S + 4KOH + H2O 2K3[Cr(OH)6] + 3S + 6NH3 i. FeSO4 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 +
K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O 3 2Fe+2 2Fe+3 + 2e 1 2Cr+6 +6e 2Cr+3 6FeSO4 + K2Cr2O7 +
7H2SO4 3Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 7H2O
Cu 9 : Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php thng bng ionelectron a. KMnO
H2SO4 CO2 + . b. FeO + HNO3 NxOy + c. KNO2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 KNO3 + d. CH CH + K2
r2O7 + H2SO4 HOOC-COOH + Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 17
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Trch thi ngh k thi Olympic 30/4 ca trng THPT Chuyn Chu Vn An Ninh Thun
0) Bi lm: a. C6H12O6 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 CO2 + MnSO4 + K2SO4+ H2O 5 C6H12O6 + 6H2O 6CO
2 + 24H+ + 24e 24 MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O PT ion thu gn: 5C6H12O6 + 24MnO4+ 72H+ 30CO2 + 24Mn2+ + 66H2O PT phn t: 5C6H12O6 + 24KMnO4 + 36H2SO4 30CO2 + 24MnS
O4 + 12K2SO4+ 66H2O

b. FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O (5x-2y) FeO + 2H+ Fe3+ + H2O +1e xNO3- + (6x
-2y) H+ + (5x-2y)e NxOy + (3x-y)H2O (5x-2y)FeO + (16x-6y)H+ + xNO3- (5x-2y)Fe3+
+ NxOy + (8x-3y)H2O Vy : (5x-2y)FeO + (16x-6y)HNO3 (5x-2y)Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + (8x-3
y)H2O c. KNO2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 KNO3 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O 5 NO2- + H2O NO3- + 2H+
+ 2e 2 MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O 5NO2- + 2MnO4- + 6H+ 5NO3- + 2Mn2+ + 4H2O 5
KNO2 + 2KMnO4 + 6H2SO4 5KNO3 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 3H2O d.CH CH + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 H
OOC-COOH + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O 4 Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 3 C2H2 + 4H2O C2O4
2- + 10H+ + 8e 4Cr2O72- + 3C2H2 + 26H+ 8Cr3+ + 3C2O42- + 14H2O 3CH CH + 4K2Cr2O7
+ 12H2SO4 3HOOC-COOH + 4Cr2(SO4)3 + 12H2O
Cu 10: Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php thng bng electron: a. M +
N2O + b. FexOy + HNO3 NO + . +. c. CuFeS2 + Fe2(SO4)3 + O2 + H2O FeSO4 + CuSO4 + H
2SO4 (Trch thi ngh k thi Olympic 30/4 ca trng THPT Chuyn Lng Vn Chnh Ph Y
a. 8M + 10nHNO3 8M(NO3)n + nN2O + 5nH2O b. 3FexOy + (12-y) HNO3 (3x-2y) NO + 3x
Fe(NO3)3 + (6x-y) H2O c. CuFeS2 + Fe2(SO4)3 + O2 + H2O FeSO4 + CuSO4 + H2SO4 Cu+
2Fe+2 S2-2 + Fe2+3(SO4)3 + O20 + H2O Cu+2SO4 + Fe+2SO4 + H2S+6O4 2 x 2Fe+3 +2e 2
Fe+2 1 x O2 + 4e 2O-2 2S-2 2S+6 + 16e 3CuFeS2 + 8Fe2(SO4)3 + 8O2 + 8H2O 3CuSO4 +
19FeSO4 + 8H2SO4 Cu 11: B tc v cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng sau bng phng php t
eS2 + HNO3 H2SO4 + NO + b. Fe + HNO3 NO + N2O + Bit t khi ca hn hp kh i vi
THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 18
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------c. FexOy + HNO3 NnOm + (Trch thi ngh k thi Olympic 30/4 ca trng THPT Bn
hc 1999-2000)

Bi lm: a. FeS2 + HNO3 H2SO4 + NO + Fe(NO3)3 FeS2 Fe3+ + 2S+6 +15e 5 N+5 + 3e N+2 F
eS2 + 5HNO3 2H2SO4 + 5NO + Fe(NO3)3 FeS2 + 8HNO3 2H2SO4 + 5NO + Fe(NO3)3 + 2H2O
b. Fe + HNO3 NO + N2O + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O Gi x l s mol NO trong mi mol hn hp, ta c: 30x
44(1-x) = 16,75 x 2 = 33,5 x= 0,75 T l mol NO : N2O l 3:1 3 5N+5 + 17e 3N+2 + 2N+1
17 Fe Fe+3 + 3e 17Fe + 66HNO3 9NO + 3N2O + 17Fe(NO3)3 + 33H2O c. FexOy + HNO3 Nn
Om + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O (5n -2m) xFe+2y/x xFe+3 + (3x-2y)e (3x-2y) nN+5 + (5n- 2m)e
n Nn+2m/n (5n -2m) FexOy + (18nx 2ny -6mx) HNO3 (5n -2m)xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NnOm
+ (9nx ny 3mx)H2O
Cu 12 : Hon thnh phng trnh phn ng a. FeI2 + H2SO4 () b. Al + HNO3 N2O + NO + Al
hp kh cha 75% N2O) (Trch thi ngh k thi Olympic 30/4 ca trng THPT Chuyn Bc L
00) Bi lm: a. 2FeI2 + 6H2SO4 () Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 2I2 + 6H2O b. 9Al + 34HNO3 3N2O +
NO + 9Al(NO3)3 + 17H2O Cu 13 : 1. Cn bng cc phn ng sau theo phng php electron a. Cu
+ Fe2(SO4)3 + O2 + H2O CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 b. C2H5OH + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 CH3CHO
+ Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O 2. Hon thnh cc phn ng sau v cn bng: - Vit theo phng php
ron - Vit theo phng trnh phn ng dng ion. a. Al + H+ + NO3- NO + N2O + bit hn hp
c t khi so vi H2 l 17,33 b. FeS2 + HNO3( un nng) SO42- + NO2 + (Trch thi ng
0/4 ca trng THPT Chuyn Trn Hng o Bnh Thun - nm hc 2000) Bi lm: 1. a. CuFeS2 +
H2O CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 2Fe+3 +2e 2Fe+2 O2 + 4e 2O-2 Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng19
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 2Fe+3 + O2 + 6e 2Fe+2 + 2O-23 2S-2 2S+6 + 16e 3CuFeS2 + 8Fe2(SO4)3 + 8O2
+ 8H2O 3CuSO4 + 19FeSO4 + 8H2SO4

b. C2H5OH + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 CH3CHO + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O 3 2C-2 2C-1+2e 3 2C

r+6 + 2x 3e 2Cr+3 3C2H5OH + K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 3CH3CHO + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 7H2O
2. a.Al + H+ + NO3- Al+3 + NO + N2O + H2O 30 x + 44 y n 2 T l NO v N2O: = 17,33 x 2
NO = x+ y nN 2 O 1 0 3+ 1 Al Al + 3e 1 NO3- + 3e + 4H+ NO + 2H2O Al + NO3- + 4H
+ Al3+ + NO + 2H2O (*) 8 Al0 Al3++ 3e 3 2NO3- + 8e + 10H+ N2O + 5H2O 8Al + 6NO3+ 30H+ Al3+ + 3N2O + 15H2O(**) c t l trn, ta nhn (*) vi 6 ri cng (**) 14Al + 12
H+ 14Al3+ + 3N2O + 6NO+ 27H2O b. FeS2 + HNO3( un nng) SO42- + NO2 + Fe3+ + H2O 1 F
eS2 + 8H2O Fe3+ + 2SO42- + 16H+ +15e 15 NO3- + e + 2H+ NO2 + H2O FeS2 + 15NO3 + 14H+ 2SO42- + 15NO2 + Fe3+ + 7H2O
Cu 14: Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php cn bng ion electron. Nu q
kh: a. MnO4- + SO32- + Mn2+ + SO42- + b. MnO4- + Fe3O4 + Fe2O3 + MnO2 + c. MnO4
+ SO32- + MnO42- + SO42- + d. Cr2O72- + C3H7OH + H+ C2H5COOH + Cr3+ + Cho bit tn
oxi ha ca MnO4- trong cc mi trng khc nhau. (Trch thi ngh k thi Olympic 30/4
L T Trng Cn Th - nm hc 2000) Bi lm: a. MnO4- + SO32- + Mn2+ + SO42- + 2 MnO4
Mn2+ + 4H2O( s kh) 5 SO32- + H2O SO42- + 2H+ +2e ( s oxh) 2MnO4- + 5SO32- + 6H+ 2Mn
2+ + 5SO42- + 3H2O
b. MnO4- + Fe3O4 + H2O Fe2O3 + MnO2 + OH2 MnO4- + 3e + 2H2O MnO2 + 4OH- ( s kh) 3
2Fe3O4 + H2O 3Fe2O3 + 2H+ + 2e ( s oxh) 2MnO4- + 6Fe3O4 + H2O 9Fe2O3 + 2MnO2 + 2O
Hc. MnO4- + SO32- + OH- MnO42- + SO42- + H2O 2 MnO4- + 1e MnO42- ( s kh) 1 SO32- +
2OH- SO42- + 2H+ +2e ( s oxh) 2MnO4- + SO32- + 2OH- 2MnO42- + SO42- + H2O
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 20
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

d. Cr2O72- + C3H7OH + H+ C2H5COOH + Cr3+ + H2O 2 Cr2O72- + 23e + 14H+ 2Cr3+ + 7H

2O (s kh) 3 C3H7OH + 4e + H2O C2H5COOH + 4H+ ( s oxh) 2Cr2O72- + 3C3H7OH + 16H+ 3C2
H5COOH + 4Cr3+ + 11H2O Trong bt c mi trng no MnO4- cng c tnh oxh mnh nht trong mi
n+7 Mn+2) v yu nht trong mi trng kim( Mn+7 Mn+6)
Cu 15: 1- Cn bng phn ng sau theo phng php thng bng electron FexOy + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3
H2O 2- Hon thnh v cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php thng bng ion el
H2SO4 NO + . (Trch thi chnh thc Olympic, ngy 13/4/2002) Bi lm: 1- Fex+2y/x Oy +
e+3(NO3)3 + Nn+2m/n Om + H2O Cht kh cht oxh (5n -2m) xFe+2y/x xFe+3 + (3x-2y)e (3x2y) nN+5 + (5n- 2m)e n Nn+2m/n (5n -2m) FexOy + (18nx 2ny -6mx) HNO3 (5n -2m)xFe
(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NnOm + (9nx ny 3mx)H2O 2- NaNO2 + KI + H2SO4 NO + I2 + K2SO4 + Na
2SO4 + H2O S kh: 2 NO2- + 1e + 2H+ NO + H2O S oxi ha: 2I- I2 + 2e NO2- + 2I- + 4H+
NO + I2 + H2O 2NaNO2 + 2KI + 2H2SO4 2NO + I2 + K2SO4 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O Cu 16: Cn bng p
hn ng oxi ha - kh a. Cl2 + I- + H2O IO3- + b. Cl2 + I- + OH- IO4- + .. c. NaClO + K
+ H2O d. NaNO2 + KI + H2SO4 NO + e. Cu2FeSx + O2 Cu2S + Fe3O4 + SO2 (Trch thi
trng THPT chuyn Thoi Ngc Hu- An Giang nm 2002) Bi lm a. Cl2 + I- + H2O IO3- + C
kh: 3 Cl2 + 2e 2ClS oxi ha: I- + 3H2O IO3- + 6H+ + 6e 3Cl2 + I- + 3H2O 6Cl- + IO3+ 6H+ b. Cl2 + I- + OH- IO4- + Cl- + H2O S kh: 4 Cl2 + 2e 2ClS oxi ha: I- + 8OH- IO
- + 4H2O + 8e 4Cl2 + I- + 8OH- IO4- + 8Cl- + 4H2O c. NaClO + KI + H2O NaCl + I2
+ KOH S kh: Cl+1 +2e Cl-1 S oxh: 2I- I2 +2e NaClO + 2KI + H2O NaCl + I2 + 2KOH d. N
aNO2 + KI + H2SO4 NO + I2 + K2SO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O S kh: 2 NO2- + 1e + 4H+ NO + 2H2O
S oxi ha: 2I- I2 + 2e Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 21
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2NaNO2 + 2KI + 2H2SO4 2NO + I2 + K2SO4 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O e. Cu2FeSx + O2 Cu2S
+ Fe3O4 + SO2 S kh: (6x+7) O2 + 4e 2O2S oxi ha: 2 3Cu2FeSx 3Fe+8/3 + 6Cu+1 + 3xS+4
+ (12x + 14)e 6Cu2FeSx + (6x+7) O2 6Cu2S + 2Fe3O4 + 6xSO2 Cu 17: 1- Hon thnh v cn bng
cc phng trnh sau bng phng php thng bng electron: a. H2O2 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 Cr2(SO
+ b. FexOy + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NnOm + H2O 2- Cn bng pt phn ng sau bng phng php ion
n: a. Cl2 + S2O32- SO42- + Cl- (mi trng baz) b. As2S3 + NO3- AsO43- + NO2 + S ( mi t
axit) (Trch thi ngh ca trng THPT chuyn Bn Tre- Tnh Bn Tre nm 2002) Bi lm:
+ H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + O2 + K2SO4 + H2O Cht kh cht oxh 2Cr+6 + 6e 2Cr+3 3 2O-1 O20 +
2e 3H2O2 + K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + 3O2 + K2SO4 + 7H2O b. FexOy + HNO3 Fe(NO
3)3 + NnOm + H2O cht kh cht oxh Fex+2y/x Oy + HN+5O3 Fe+3(NO3)3 + Nn+2m/n Om + H2O
Cht kh cht oxh (5n -2m) Fex+2y/x xFe+3 + (3x-2y)e (3x-2y) N+5 + (5n- 2m)e n Nn+2m/n
(5n -2m) FexOy + (18nx 2ny -6mx) HNO3 (5n -2m)xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NnOm + (9nx ny
3mx)H2O 2. a. Cl2 + S2O32- SO42- + Cl- (mi trng baz) 4 Cl2 + 2e 2ClS2O32- + 10 OHSO42- + 5H2O + 8e Cl2 + S2O32- + 10 OH- SO42- + 8Cl- + 5H2O b. As2S3 + NO3- AsO4
3- + NO2 + S ( mi trng axit) As2S3 + 8H2O AsO43- + 3S + 16H+ + 4e 4 NO3- + 2H+ + 1e
NO2 + H2O As2S3 + 4NO3- + 4H2O 2AsO43- + 4NO2 + 3S + 8H+ Cu 18: Cn bng phn ng theo
hng php thng bng electron a. FeS + Cu2S + H+ + NO3- Fe3+ + Cu2+ + SO42- + NO + H2O b.
FexOy + HNO3 .. + NO + . (Trch thi ngh ca Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng TPCT
+ Cu2S + H+ + NO3- Fe3+ + Cu2+ + SO42- + NO + H2O Fe+2 Fe+3 + 1e 3x 2Cu+1 2Cu+2
+ 2e 2S-2 2S+6 + 16e 19 x N+5 + 3e N+2
3FeS + 3Cu2S + 28H+ + 19NO3- 3Fe3+ + 6Cu2+ + 6SO42- + 19NO + 14H2O b. FexOy + HN
O3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 22
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 Fe2y/x xFe3+ + (3x -2y)e (3x-2y) N+5 + 3e N+2 3FexOy + (12x-2y)HNO3 3Fe(N
O3)3 + (3x-2y) NO + (6x-y) H2O Bi 19: 1- Cn bng cc phn ng sau y bng phng php ionZn[Hg(SCN)4] + IO3- + Cl- ICl + SO42- + HCN + Zn2+ + Hg2+ b. Cu(NH3)m2+ + CN- +
OH- Cu(CN)2- + CNO- + H2O 2. Cn bng cc phn ng sau y bng phng php thng bng ele
NO3 Al(NO3)3 + NO + N2O + H2O (bit t khi ca hn hp NO v N2O so vi H2 l 16,75) b. C1
H + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 C6H12O2 + C3H4O4 + C9H16O4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O (Trch thi
ngh ca Trng THPT Chuyn Nguyn Du c Lc - nm 2002) Bi lm: 1- a. Zn[Hg(SCN)4] +
SO42- + HCN + Zn2+ + Hg2+ Zn[Hg(SCN)4] + 16H2O Zn2+ + Hg2+ + 4HCN + 4SO42- + 28
H+ + 24e 6 IO3- + Cl- + 6H+ + 4e ICl + 3H2O Zn[Hg(SCN)4] + 6IO3- + 6Cl- + 8H+ 6I
Cl + 4SO42- + 4HCN + Zn2+ + Hg2+ + 2H2O

b. Cu(NH3)m2+ + CN- + OH- Cu(CN)2- + CNO- + H2O 2 Cu(NH3)m2+ + CN- + e Cu(CN)2+ mNH3 CN- + 2OH- CNO- + H2O + 2e 2+ 2Cu(NH3)m + 5CN- + 2OH- 2Cu(CN)2- + 2mNH3 +
CNO- + H2O 2- a. Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NO + N2O + H2O n 3 M NO +N2O = 16,75. 2=
33,5 NO = nN 2 O 1 17Al + 66HNO3 17Al(NO3)3 + 9NO + 3N2O + 33H2O b. 3C17H31COOH
+ 8K2Cr2O7 + 32H2SO4 3C6H12O2 + 3C3H4O4 + 3C9H16O4 + 8Cr2(SO4)3 + 8K2SO4 + 32H2O
Bi 20: 1- Cn bng phn ng sau bng phng php thng bng electron a. KI + KClO3 + H2SO4
HNO3 NnOm + . 2- Cn bng cc phn ng bng phng php ion- electron a. Zn + H+ + NO3-
NH4+ b. FexOy + H+ + SO42- SO2 + c. As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O AsO43- + SO42- + NO + H+
(Trch thi ngh ca Trng THPT Chuyn Phan Chu Trinh Nng- nm 2002) Bi lm: 14 I2 + KCl + K2SO4 + H2O 3 2I- I2 + 2e 1 Cl+5 + 6e Cl6KI + KClO3 + 3H2SO4 3I2 +
KCl + 3K2SO4 + 3H2O b. - Fex+2y/x Oy + HN+5O3 Fe+3(NO3)3 + Nn+2m/n Om + H2O Cht k
h cht oxh (5n -2m) Fex+2y/x xFe+3 + (3x-2y)e (3x-2y) N+5 + (5n- 2m)e n Nn+2m/n
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT
23
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(5n -2m) FexOy + (18nx 2ny -6mx) HNO3 (5n -2m)xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NnOm + (9n
x ny 3mx)H2O

2- a. Zn + H+ + NO3- NO + N2O + NH4+ + Zn2+ + H2O 2NO3- + 8e + 10H+ N2O + 5H2O 2

NO3- + 3e + 4H+ NO + 2H2O 2NO3- + 8e + 10H+ NH4+ + 3H2O 2 4NO3- + 19e + 24H+ NO
+ N2O + NH4+ + 10H2O 19 Zn Zn2+ + 2e 19Zn + 48H+ + 8NO3- 2NO + 2N2O + 2NH4+ + 19
Zn2+ + 20H2O b. FexOy + H+ + SO42- Fe3+ + SO2 + H2O 2 FexOy + 2yH+ xFe3+ + y H2O
+ (3x-2y)e (3x-2y) SO42- + 4H+ + 2e SO2 + 2H2O 2FexOy + (12x-4y) H+ + (3x-2y) S
O42- 2xFe3+ + (3x-2y) SO2 + (6x- 2y)H2O c. As2S3 + NO3- + H2O AsO43- + SO42- + N
O 3 As2S3 + 20 H2O 2AsO43- + 3SO42- + 40H+ +28e 28 NO3- + 4H+ + 3e NO + 2H2O 3 A
s2S3 + 28NO3- + 4H2O 6AsO43- + 9SO42- + 28NO + 8H+
Bi 21: 1. Cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh sau y bng phng php thng bng electron a. Fe
l3 +H2SO4 + NO + H2O b. FeCu2S2 + O2 Fe2O3 + CuO + SO2 c. CH3-CH=CH2 + KMnO4 + H
2O CH3-CHOH-CH2OH + MnO2 + KOH 2. Trn hn hp gm c FeS2 v CuS2 vi t l mol tng ng
dng vi dung dch HNO3 thu c kh duy nht l NO v dung dch gm c mui nitrat ca hai
uric. Vit pt phn ng di dng phn t v ion thu gn. (Trch thi ngh ca THPT Chuy
Bi lm: a. FeS2 + HNO3 + HCl FeCl3 +H2SO4 + NO + H2O Fe+2 Fe+3 +1e 1 2S-1 2S+6 +14e
15 N+5 +3e N+2 FeS2 + 5HNO3 + 3HCl FeCl3 + 2H2SO4 + 5NO + 2H2O b. FeCu2S2 + O2
Fe2O3 + CuO + SO2 2Cu+1 2Cu+2 +2e Fe+2 Fe+3 +1e 2S-2 2S+4 +12e 4 FeCu2S2 2Cu+2 +
Fe+3+ + 2S+4 +15e 15 O2 + 4e 2O-2 4FeCu2S2 + 15O2 2Fe2O3 + 8CuO + 8SO2 c. CH3-C
H=CH2 + KMnO4 + H2O CH3-CHOH-CH2OH + MnO2 + KOH C-1 C0 +1e 3 C-2 C-1 +1e 2 Mn+7
+ 3e Mn+4 3CH3-CH=CH2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O 3CH3-CHOH-CH2OH + 2MnO2 + 2KOH 2- Cn bng: Fe
S2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O 1 FeS2 Fe+3 + 2S+6 +15e 5 N+5 + 3e N+2 FeS
2 + 8HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 2H2SO4 +5 NO + 2H2O(1) Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 24
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CuS2 + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O 3 CuS2 Cu+2 + 2S+6 + 14e 14 N+5 + 3
e N+2

3CuS2 + 20HNO3 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 6H2SO4 + 14NO + 4H2O(2) FeS2 v CuS2 l hai cht kh, HNO3 l
cht oxi ha. bo m t l mol 2 :3 ta nhn (1) cho 2 ri cng vi (2) v theo v : 2FeS2
2Fe(NO3)3 + 3Cu(NO3)2 + 10H2SO4 + 24NO + 8H2O PT ion: 2FeS2 + 3CuS2 + 24NO3- +
16H+ 2Fe3+ + 3Cu2+ + 10SO42- + 24NO + 8H2O
Bi 22: Cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng sau y bng phng php ion- electron a. Al + HNO
N2 + H2O Cho bit t khi hi ca hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng i vi H2 bng 14,33 b.
O2 + H2O CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 (Trch thi ngh ca Trng Chuyn Hng Vng Gia Ra
. Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NO + N2 + H2O Gi a, b l s mol ca N2 v NO, ta c : 28a + 30b a 2
= 14,33 = ( a + b) 2 b 1 +3 23 Al Al + 3e 3 5NO3- + 28H+ + 23e NO + N2 + H2O

23Al + 15NO3- + 84H+ 23Al3+ + 3NO + 6N2 + 42H2O b. CuFeS2 + Fe2(SO4)3 + O2 + H2O
CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 (x+ y) CuFeS2 +8H2O Cu2+ + Fe2+ + SO42- + 16H+ + 16e 4x O
2 + 2H2O + 4e 4OH16y Fe+3 + e Fe+2 (x+y)CuFeS2+ 8yH2O +4xO2+16yFe3+(x+y)Cu2++(x +
17y)Fe2++2(x+y)SO42-+ 16yH+
Cu 23 : Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php thng bng electron a. MxOy +
+ NO + b. Fe3O4 + HNO3 NxOy + + (Trch thi ngh ca Trng THPT Chuyn L Qu
a. MxOy + HNO3 M(NO3)a + NO + H2O 2y 3 xM+2x/y xMa++ ( a) xe x 2y x( a ) N+5 + 3
e N+2 x 3MxOy + (4ax -2y) HNO3 3xM(NO3)a + (ax-2y) NO + (2ax y)H2O b. Fe3O4 + HNO
3 NxOy + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O 1 (5x-2y) 3Fe+8/3 3Fe3+ + .3e 3 2y 1 xN+5 +(5 ) xe xN+2y
/x x (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + (16x-6y)HNO3 NxOy +(5x-2y) Fe(NO3)3 + (8x-3y) H2O
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT
25
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cu 24 : Cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php thng bn
s2S3 + HNO3 + H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO 2. FexOy + H2SO4 c, nng SO2 + + 3. CrCl3 + Br2
NaOH Na2CrO4 + NaBr + . 4. Al + NaNO3 + NaOH NH3 + NaAlO2 + 5. C6H5- CH3 + KMnO4
C6H5-COOK + MnO2 + (Trch thi ngh ca Trng THPT Chuyn Chu Vn An Tnh Ninh Thun
As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O H3AsO4 + H2SO4 + NO 3 As2S3 + 20H2O 2AsO43- + 3SO42- + 40H+
+28e 28 NO3- + 4H+ +3e NO + 2H2O 3As2S3 + 28HNO3 + 4H2O 6H3AsO4 + 9H2SO4 + 28NO
2. FexOy + H2SO4 c, nng SO2 + Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O 2 FexOy + 2yH+ xFe3+ + yH2O + (3x-2y)
e (3x-2y) SO42- + 4H+ + 2e SO2 + 2H2O 2FexOy + (6x-2y) H2SO4 c, nng (3x-2y)SO2 +x F
e2(SO4)3 +(6x-2y)H2O 3. CrCl3 + Br2 + NaOH Na2CrO4 + NaBr + NaCl + H2O 2 Cr3+ +
8OH- 2CrO42- + 6Br- + 8H2O +3e 3 Br2 + 2e 2Br2CrCl3 + 3Br2 + 16NaOH 2Na2CrO4 + 6
NaBr + 6NaCl + 8H2O 4. Al + NaNO3 + NaOH + H2O NH3 + NaAlO2 8 Al + 4OH- AlO2- +
2H2O +3e 3 NO3- + 6H2O + 8e NH3 + 9OH8Al + 3NaNO3 + 5NaOH + 2H2O 3NH3 + 8NaAlO2 5
. C6H5- CH3 + KMnO4 C6H5-COOK + MnO2 + KOH + H2O 1 C6H5- CH3 + 7OH- C6H5-COO- +
5H2O +6e 2 MnO4- + 2H2O + 3e MnO2 + OH- + H2O C6H5- CH3 + 2KMnO4 C6H5-COOK + 2Mn
O2 + KOH + H2O Cu 25: 1. Cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh sau theo phng php thng bng elec
g phn t y a. FeS + NO3- + H+ Fe3+ + SO42- +NO2 + H2O b. As2S3 + NO3- + H+ + H2O H3
4 + HSO4- + NO c. Cr2O72- + I- + H+ Cr3+ + I2 + H2O d. MnO4- + S2- + H2O MnO(OH)
2 + S + OH2. Ha tan mt lng FeCO3 bng dung dch HNO3 d thu c dung dch cha mui st
2 v NxOy (Trch thi ngh ca Trng THPT Trn Quc Tun Qung Ngi nm 2002) Bi l
Fe3+ + SO42- +9NO2 + 5H2O FeS + 30HNO3 Fe2(SO4)3 + Fe(NO3)3 + 27NO2 + 15H2O b.
3As2S3 + 28NO3- + 19H+ + 4H2O 6H3AsO4 + 9HSO4- + 28NO 3As2S3 + 28HNO3 + 4H2O 6H3
AsO4 + 9H2SO4 + 28NO c. Cr2O72- + 6I- + 14H+ 2Cr3+ + 3I2 + 7H2O K2Cr2O7 + 6KI +
7H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + 4K2SO4 + 3I2 + 7H2O d. 2MnO4- + 3S2- + 6H2O 2MnO(OH)2 + 3S +
8OH2KMnO4 + 3K2S +6H2O 2MnO(OH)2 + 3S + 8KOH 2.
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT
26
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------a. (5x-2y)FeCO3 + (16x-6y)HNO3 (5x-2y)Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy +(5x-2y)CO2 + (8x3y)H
2O b. Kt qu: NxOy l NO Cu 26 : Trong cng nghip sn xut ng c tin hnh qua nhiu g
gi l ng. N l hn hp ca CuS v FeS. Cho mt mu 4,1865 gam ng tc dng vi H
2 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O FeS + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O Khi thm mt lng d dung dch
BaCl2 s to 10,5030 gam kt ta. a. Cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng trn, nu r s trao
tron. b. Phn trm mol ca Cu Strong ng l bao nhiu? c. Tnh phn trm khi lng ca
ca Trng THPT Chuyn Nguyn Th Minh Khai- Sc Trng- nm 2002) Bi lm: a. CuS + HNO3 Cu
SO4 + NO + H2O Cu+1 Cu+2 +1e S-1 S+6 + 7e 3 CuS Cu2+ + S+6 + 8e 8 N+5 + 3e N+2 3
CuS + 14HNO3 3Cu(NO3)2 + 3H2SO4 + 8NO + 4H2O (1)

FeS + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + NO + H2O Fe+2 Fe3++1e S-2 S+6 + 8e 1 FeS Fe3+ + S+
6 + 9e 3 N+5 +3e N+2 FeS + 6HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + H2SO4 + 3NO + 2H2O(2) H2SO4 + BaCl2
BaSO4 + 2HCl (3) b. Phn trm ca Cu Strong ng l bao nhiu? Gi n1, n2 l s mol ca Cu
4,1865 Phng trnh theo s gam 96n1 + 88n2 = 4,1865(1) 10,5030 n1 + n2 = = 0,0451(2) 2
33 n1 = 0,0272; n2= 0,0179 0,0272 %CuS = x100% = 60,31% 0,0451 c. Tnh %Cu trong mu
0,0272.64 %Cu = .100% = 41,58% 4,1865 Cu 27: 1. Cn bng cc phn ng di y theo phng
ctron v cho bit vai tr ca H2O2 trong mi phn ng. Hy cho bit v d c th bng phng
H2O2 + H+ Mn2+ +O2 + H2O b. Cr3+ +H2O2 + OH- CrO42- + H2O 2. Vit phng trnh ion thu
gn ca phn ng FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + N2O + H2O
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 27
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nNO2 : nNO = a : b

Fe2+ Fe3+ +1e aN+5 + 1e.a aN+4O2 bN+5 + 3eb bNO 1 (a+b) N+5 + (a+3b).e aNO2 +bNO
(a+3b Fe+2 Fe+3 +1e (a+ 3b) FeO + (4a+ 10b)HNO3 (a+3b)Fe(NO3)3 + bNO + aNO2 + (
2a+5b)H2O (a+ 3b) FeO + (4a+ 10b)H+ +(4a+ 10b) NO3- (a+3b)Fe3+ +3(a +3b)NO3-+ bN
O + aNO2 + (2a+5b)H2O (a+ 3b) FeO + (4a+ 10b)H+ +(a+ b) NO3- (a+3b)Fe3+ -+ bNO +
aNO2 + (2a+5b)H2O
Cu 28: B tc v cn bng phn ng a. C6H12O6 + MnO4- + H+ CO2 + b. Fe3O4 + NO3- + H+ N
rch thi ngh ca Trng THPT Chuyn L Kha- Ty Ninh- Nm 2002) Bi lm: a. C6H12O6 +
C6H12O6 + 6H2O2 6CO2 + 24H+ + 24e 24 MnO4- + 8H+ +5e Mn2+ + 4H2O 5C6H12O6 + 72H
+ +24MnO4- 30CO2 + 24Mn2+ + 66H2O b. Fe3O4 + NO3- + H+ NxOy + (5x-2y) Fe3O4 + 8H+
3Fe3+ + 4H2O +1e xNO3- + (6x-2y)H+ + (5x-2y)e NxOy + (3x-y)H2O (5x-2y)Fe3O4 + x
NO3- + (46x-18y)H+ (15x-6y)Fe3+ + NxOy +(23x -9y)H2O

(Trch thi ngh ca Trng Chuyn Nguyn Th Minh Khai- Sc Trng nm 2002) Bi lm:
Mn2+ +O2 + H2O 2 MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ +4H2O 5 H2O2 + 2e O2 + 2H+ 2MnO4- + 5H2O
2 + 16H+ 2Mn2+ +5O2 + 8H2O + 10H+ 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2O2 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O
+ 5O2 b. Cr3+ +H2O2 + OH- CrO42- + H2O 2 Cr3+ + 8OH- CrO4- + 4H2O +3e 3 H2O2 + 1
.2e 2OH2Cr3+ + 3H2O2 + 10 OH- 2CrO42- + 8H2O 2CrCl3 + 3H2O2 + 10KOH 2K2CrO4 +6KC
l + 8H2O * H2O2 l cht oxi ha 2. Vit phng trnh ion thu gn ca phn ng FeO + HNO3 Fe
+ NO2 + H2O nNO2 : nNO = a : b

Cu 29 : Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau theo phng php thng bng electron. a. C6
H2SO4 CO2 + b. As2S3 + HNO3 NO+ c. FeO + HNO3 NxOy + d. CuFeS2 + Fe2(SO4)3 + O2 +
H2O CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 (Trch thi ngh ca Trng THPT Chuyn Nguyn Bnh Khim
lm: a. C6H12O6 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 K2SO4 + MnSO4 + CO2 + H2O Trng THPT Chuyn L T TrngT 28
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24 Mn+7 + 5e Mn+2 5 6C0 6C+4 + 24e 5C6H12O6 + 24KMnO4 + 36H2SO4 12K2SO4 + 2
4MnSO4 + 30CO2 + 66H2O b. As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O NO + H2SO4 + H3AsO4 28 N+5 + 3e N+2
3 As2+3S3-2 2As+5 +3S+6 +28e 3As2S3 + 28HNO3 + 4H2O 28NO + 9H2SO4 + 6H3AsO4 c.
FeO + HNO3 NxOy + Fe(NO3)3 + H2O (5x-2y) Fe+2 Fe+3 +1e 1 xN+5 + (5x-2y)e xN+2y/x
(5x-2y) FeO + (16x-6y) HNO3 NxOy + (5x-2y)Fe(NO3)3 + (8x-3y)H2O d. CuFeS2 + Fe2
(SO4)3 + O2 + H2O CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 1 2S-2 2S+6 + 16e x 2Fe+3 + 2e 2Fe+2 y O
2 + 4e 2O-2 Ta c: 2x +4y =16 x + 2y = 8 0 < x < 8; 0 < y < 4 Ta c v s nghim V d
6 ; y=1 CuFeS2 + 6Fe2(SO4)3 + O2 + 6H2O CuSO4 + 13FeSO4 + 6H2SO4 + x= 2; y =3 Cu
FeS2 + 2Fe2(SO4)3 + 3O2 + 2H2O CuSO4 + 5FeSO4 + 2H2S Cu 30: Hon thnh v cn bng cc ph
phn ng sau theo phng php thng bng ion- electron. a. KMnO4 + C6H12O6 + H2SO4 CO2 +.
l + HNO3 . N2O + 2NO + c. MnO4- + H2O2 + H+ O2+ d. Cr3+ + ClO3- + OH- CrO4- + Cl+ (Trch thi Olympic ca Trng THPT chuyn L Hng Phong- TPHCM- nm 2009) Bi lm: a.
2O6 + H2SO4 CO2 + MnSO4 + H2O + K2SO4 5 x C6H12O6 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 24H+ + 24e 24 x
MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O 5C6H12O6 + 24MnO4- + 72H+ 30CO2 + 24Mn2+ + H2O 24KMn
O4 + 5C6H12O6 + 36H2SO4 30CO2 + 24MnSO4 + 66H2O + 12K2SO4 b. Al + HNO3 N2O + 2NO
+ Al(NO3)3 + H2O 14 x Al0 Al3+ + 3e 3 x 4NO3- + 18H+ + 14e N2O + 2NO + 9 H2O 14
Al + 54H+ + 12NO3- 14Al3+ + 3N2O + 6NO + 9H2O 14Al + 54HNO3 3N2O + 6NO + 14Al(NO
3)3 + 27H2O
c. MnO4- + H2O2 + H+ O2 + Mn2+ + H2O 2 x MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O 5 x H2O2 O
2 + H+ + 2e 2MnO4- + 5H2O2 + 6H+ 2Mn2+ + 5O2 + 8 H2O d. Cr3+ + ClO3- + OH- CrO4+ Cl- + H2O 2 x Cr3+ + 8OH- CrO42- + 4H2O + 3e 1 x ClO3- + 3H2O + 6e Cl- + 6OH2
Cr3+ + ClO3- + 10OH- 2CrO4- + Cl- + 5H2O
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cu 31: Hon thnh v cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng sau theo phng php thng bng
nO4 + C6H12O6 + H2SO4 CO2 +. b. CuFeS2 + O2 CuS2 + SO2 + Fe2O3 c. Al + HNO3 aN2O +
2aNO + d. MnO4- + H2O2 + H+ O2 (Trch thi Olympic ca Trng THPT Hunh Thc Khng- Q
nm 2009) Bi lm: a. KMnO4 + C6H12O6 + H2SO4 CO2 + MnSO4 + H2O + K2SO4 5 x C6H12O6 +
6H2O 6CO2 + 24H+ + 24e 24 x MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O 5C6H12O6 + 24MnO4- + 72H
+ 30CO2 + 24Mn2+ + H2O 24KMnO4 + 5C6H12O6 + 36H2SO4 30CO2 + 24MnSO4 + 66H2O + 12
K2SO4

b. Cu+2Fe+2 S2-2 + O2 Cu2+1S-2 + S+4O2 + Fe2+3O3 1 x Cu+2Fe+2 S2-2 Cu2S + Fe2O3 +

3SO2 + 18e 9 9 1 x O2 + . 4e Fe2O3-2 + 3SO2 2 2 9 2CuFeS2 + O2 Cu2S + Fe2O3 + 3
SO2 2 c. Al + HNO3 aN2O + 2aNO + Al(NO3)3 + H2O 14 x Al0 Al3+ + 3e 3 x 4NO3- + 1
8H+ + 14e N2O + 2NO + 9 H2O 14Al + 54H+ + 12NO3- 14Al3+ + 3N2O + 6NO + 9H2O 14Al
+ 54HNO3 3N2O + 6NO + 14Al(NO3)3 + 27H2O d. MnO4- + H2O2 + H+ O2 + Mn2+ + H2O 2
x MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e Mn2+ + 4H2O 5 x H2O2 O2 + H+ + 2e 2MnO4- + 5H2O2 + 6H+ 2Mn2+
+ 5O2 + 8 H2O
Cu 32: 1.Cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha- kh sau theo phng php thng bng electron a. CuFe
3 + O2 + H2O CuSO4 + FeSO4 + H2SO4 b. C3H4 + KMnO4 + KOH CH3COOK + MnO2 + K2CO3
+ H2O (Trch thi Olympic ca Trng THPT Chuyn Trn Hng o- Bnh Thun- 2009) Bi lm:
+ Fe2+3(SO4)3 + O20 + H2O Cu+2SO4 + Fe+2SO4 + H2S+6O4 2 x 2Fe+3 +2e 2Fe+2 1 x O2
+ 4e 2O-2 2S-2 2S+6 + 16e 3CuFeS2 + 8Fe2(SO4)3 + 8O2 + 8H2O 3CuSO4 + 19FeSO4 +
8H2SO4

b. C3-4/3 H4 + KMn+7O4 + KOH C0H3COOK + Mn+2O2 + K2C+4O3 + H2O 3 x 3C-4/3 2C0 +

C+4 + 8e 8 x Mn+7 + 3e Mn+4 3C3 H4 + 8KMnO4 + KOH 3CH3COOK + 8MnO2 + 3K2CO3 + 2H
2O
2. Cn bng phn ng oxi ha- kh theo phng php thng bng ion- electron a. Cr2O72- + C3H7
2H5COOH + Cr3+ + Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 30
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------b. FeS + H+ + NO3- SO42- + N2Ox + (Trch thi Olympic ca Trng THPT Chuyn Trn
Thun- 2009) Bi lm: a. Cr2O72- + C3H7OH + H+ C2H5COOH + Cr3+ + H2O 2 x Cr2O72- + 14H
+ + 6e 2Cr3+ + 7H2O 3 x C3H7OH + H2O C2H5COOH + 4H+ + 4e 2Cr2O72- + 3C3H7OH + 16
H+ 3C2H5COOH + 4Cr3+ + 11H2O

b. FeS + H+ + NO3- Fe3+ + SO42- + N2Ox + H2O 10 2x FeS + 4H2O Fe3+ + SO42- + 8H+
+ 9e 9 2NO3- + (12-2x)H+ + (10 2x)e N2Ox + (6- x) H2O (10-2x) FeS +(28-2x) H+ +
18NO3- (10-2x)Fe3+ + (10-2x)SO42- + 9N2Ox +(14-x) H2O
Cu 33: Vit y v cn bng phng trnh ha hc dng s sau: a. Cu2S + HNO3 . + NO
- + [Cr(OH)4]- + S + NH3 (Trch thi Olympic trng THPT chuyn Lng Th Vinh- ng Na
. Cu2S + HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + CuSO4 + NO2 + H2O 1 x Cu2S + 4H2O 2Cu2+ + SO42- + 8H+ +
10e 10 x NO3- + 2H+ + 1e NO2 + H2O Cu2S + 10NO3- + 12H+ 2Cu2+ + 10NO2 + SO42- +
6H2O Cu2S + 12HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + CuSO4 + 10NO2 + 6H2O

b. K2Cr2O7 + (NH4)2 S + H2O K[Cr(OH)4] + S + NH3 1 x S-2 S + 2e 3 x Cr2O72- + 7H2O

+ 6e 2[Cr(OH)4]- + 6OHCr2O72- + 3S2- + 7H2O 2[Cr(OH)4]- + 6OH- + 3S K2Cr2O7 + 3(
NH4)2 S + H2O 2K[Cr(OH)4] + 3S + 6NH3
Cu 34: B tc v cn bng cc phn ng oxi ha kh sau y theo phng php thng bng ion
phn ng di dng ion thu gn: a. Na2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + NO HNO2 + . b. CH3CCH + KMnO4 + KOH
OOK + K2CO3 + MnO2 + (Trch thi Olympic Trng THPT Chuyn Hong L Kha Ty Ninh- nm 2
. Na2Cr2O7 _+ H2SO4 + NO HNO2 + Cr2(SO4)3 + Na2SO4 + H2O 1 x Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e
2Cr3+ + 7H2O 6 x NO + H2O HNO2 + H+ + 1e Na2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 + 6NO 6HNO2 + Cr2(SO
4)3 + Na2SO4 + H2O Phng trnh ion rt gn: Cr2O72- + 8H+ + 6NO 6HNO2 + 2Cr3+ + H2O
b. CH3CCH + KMnO4 + KOH CH3COOK + K2CO3 + MnO2 + H2O 3 x CH3CCH CH3CCH + 11OH- CH3C
OO- + CO32- + 6H2O + 8e 8 x MnO4- + 2H2O + 3e MnO2 + 4OH3CH3CCH + 8KMnO4 + KOH 3C
H3COOK + 3K2CO3 + 8MnO2 + 2H2O Phng trnh ion thu gn: 3CH3CCH + 8MnO4- + OH- CH3COO- +
3CO32- + 8MnO2 + 2H2O
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cu 35: Hon thnh cc phn ng oxi ha kh a. Theo phng php ion- electron MnO4- +
2O3 + MnO2 + b. Theo phng php thng bng electron P + NH4ClO4 H3PO4 + N2 + Cl2 + . (T
hi Olympic Trng THPT Chuyn Tnh Bn Tre - nm 2009) Bi lm: a. MnO4- + Fe3O4 + H2O Fe2O
nO2 + OH2 x MnO4- + 3e + 2H2O MnO2 + 4OH3 x Fe3O4 + 2OH- 2Fe2O3 + 2H2O +2e 2MnO4
- + 6Fe3O4 + H2O 9Fe2O3 + 2MnO2 + 2OH-

b. P0 P+5 + 5e N-3 N20 + 6e 2Cl+7 + 14e Cl20 5 x N-3 + 2Cl+7 + 8e N2 + Cl2 8 x P

0 P+5 + 5e
Cu 36: Cn bng cc phn ng sau y theo phng php thng bng ion- electron a. Au + CN- +
mi trng nc) b. Pt + HCl + . ..+ NO + H2O (Trch thi Olympic Trng THPT L Qu n
lm : a. Au + CN- + O2 + H2O Au(CN)4 + OH4 x Au + 4CN- Au(CN)4 + 3e 3 x O2 + H2O
+ 4e 4OH4Au + 16CN- + 3O2 + 6H2O 4Au(CN)4 + 12OHb. Pt + Cl- + NO3- + H+ PtCl62+ NO + H2O 3 x Pt + 6Cl- PtCl62- + 4e 4 x NO3- + H+ + 3e NO + 2H2O 3Pt + 18Cl- +
4NO3- + 16H+ 3PtCl62- + 4NO + 8H2O Cu 37: Cn bng cc phn ng sau y theo phng php
tron a. P + NH4ClO4 N2 + Cl2 + H3PO4 + H2O b. Cr2S3 + Mn((NO3)2 + K2CO3 K2CrO4 +
K2MnO4 + CO2 + NO + K2SO4 (Trch thi ngh Olympic Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng TP
Bi lm: a. P + NH4ClO4 N2 + Cl2 + H3PO4 + H2O 8 x P0 P+5 + 5e 5 x (2N-3 + 2Cl+7) +
8e N20 + Cl20 8P + 10NH4ClO4 5N2 + 8Cl2 + 8H3PO4 + 8H2O

b. Cr2S3 + Mn((NO3)2 + K2CO3 K2CrO4 + K2MnO4 + CO2 + NO + K2SO4 1 x Cr2+3S3-2 2C

r+6 + 3S+6 + 30e 15 x Mn+2 + 2N+5 + 2e Mn+6 + 2N+2 Cr2S3 + 15Mn((NO3)2 + 20K2CO3
2K2CrO4 + 15K2MnO4 + 20CO2 + 30NO + 3K2SO4
Cu 38: Cn bng cc phn ng sau y theo phng php thng bng electron a. NH3 + NaClO N
Cl + H2O b. KClO + N2H4 KNO2 + Cl2 + KCl + H2O Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 32
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Trch thi Olympic Trng THPT Chuyn V Thanh Hu Giang - nm 2009) Bi lm: a. NH
aNO3 + Cl2 + NaCl + H2O 1 2N-3 2N+5 + 16e 2 x 2Cl+1 + 2e Cl20 y Cl+1 + 2e Cl-1 2
x + 2y = 16 x + y =8 T cng thc NaClO ta c s nguyn t Na bng s nguyn t Cl 2 + y
1 ; y =7 1 2Cl+1 + 2e Cl20 7 Cl+1 + 2e Cl-1

1 9Cl+1 + 16e Cl20 + 7Cl-1 1 2N-3 2N+5 + 16e 2NH3 + 9NaClO 2NaNO3 + Cl2 + 7NaCl
+ 3H2O b. KClO + N2H4 KNO2 + Cl2 + KCl + H2O 1 2N-3 2N+5 + 16e 2 x 2Cl+1 + 2e Cl
20 y Cl+1 + 2e Cl-1 2x + 2y = 10 x + y =5 T cng thc KClO ta c s nguyn t K bng s
2 + y = 2x + y x = 1 ; y = 4 1 2Cl+1 + 2e Cl20 4 Cl+1 + 2e Cl-1 1 6Cl+1 + 10e Cl
20 + 4Cl-1 1 2N-2 2N+3 + 10e 6KClO + N2H4 2KNO2 + Cl2 + 4KCl + 2H2O
Cu 39: Hon thnh phn ng oxi ha kh a. Fe2+ + MnO4- + H+ b. Fe2+ + Cr2O72- + H+ c.
+ NO3- NxOy + .+ . d. FexOy + H+ + NO3- NO2 + ..+ .. (Trch thi Olympic Trng TH
r Vinh Tnh Tr Vinh - nm 2009) Bi lm : a. 5Fe2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O b.
e2+ + Cr2O72- + 14H+ 6Fe3+ + 2Cr3+ + 7H2O c. (5x -2y) Al + (18x 6y) H+ + 3xNO3-
3NxOy +(5x -2y) Al3+ + (9x -3y)H2O. d. FexOy + (6x- 2y) H+ + (3x-2y) NO3- (3x-2y)
NO2 + xFe3+ + (3x-y) H2O
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V- GII TON OXI HA KH BNG BO TON ELECTRON
*Nguyn tc:
e cho = e nhn

* p dng: + Phn ng xy ra l phn ng oxi ha kh + Phn ng xy ra phc tp: mt cht k

nhiu giai on, nhiu qu trnh.

BI TP P DNG
Cu 1: : Cho 2,16 gam Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton
lt kh NO ( ktc) v dung dch X. Khi lng mui khan thu c khi lm bay hi dung dch X
3,92 gam. C. 6,52 gam. D. 13,32 gam. Cu 2: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Al, Cu vo dung dch HCl
(d), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 3,36 lt kh ( ktc). Nu cho m gam hn hp X trn
itric (c, ngui), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 6,72 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht
m l A. 11,5. B. 10,5. C. 12,3. D. 15,6. Cu 3: Th tch dung dch HNO3 1M (long) t nht c
o tan hon ton mt hn hp gm 0,15 mol Fe v 0,15 mol Cu l (bit phn ng to cht kh du
lt. B. 0,6 lt. C. 0,8 lt D. 1,2 lt. Cu 4: Cho 11,36 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe
hn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 long (d), thu c 1,344 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht,
dung dch X thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 38,72. B. 35,50. C. 49,09. D. 34,36
: Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo 400 ml dung dch HNO3 1M, n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c k
h duy nht) v dung dch X. Dung dch X c th ho tan ti a m gam Cu. Gi tr ca m l A.
C. 1,92. D. 0,64. Cu 6: Ho tan hon ton 12,42 gam Al bng dung dch HNO3 long (d), thu
dch X v 1,344 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh Y gm hai kh l N2O v N2. T khi ca hn hp kh
g dch X, thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 34,08. B. 38,34. C. 106,38. D. 97
7: Cho 3,024 gam mt kim loi M tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long, thu c 940,8 ml kh NxO
phm kh duy nht, ktc) c t khi i vi H2 bng 22. Kh NxOy v kim loi M l A. N2O v
2O v Al. D. NO v Mg. Cu 8: Cho 61,2 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Fe3O4 tc dng vi dung dch H
n nng v khuy u. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 3,36 lt kh NO (sn ph
h Y v cn li 2,4 gam kim loi. C cn dung dch Y, thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m
08,9. C. 97,5. D. 151,5. Cu 9: Ha tan hon ton 20,88 gam mt oxit st bng dung dch H2SO4
g thu c dung dch X v 3,248 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). C cn dung dch
fat khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 48,4. B. 52,2. C. 58,0. D. 54,0. Cu 10: Ha tan hon ton 1,23
m hn hp X gm Cu v Al vo dung dch HNO3 c, nng thu c 1,344 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh
h Y. Sc t Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 34
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------t kh NH3 (d) vo dung dch Y, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam kt t
Cu trong hn hp X v gi tr ca m ln lt l A. 78,05% v 2,25. B. 21,95% v 2,25. C. 78,0
. 21,95% v 0,78. Cu 11: Cho m gam bt Fe vo 800 ml dung dch hn hp gm Cu(NO3)2 0,2M v
0,25M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 0,6m gam hn hp bt kim loi v V l
y nht, ktc). Gi tr ca m v V ln lt l A. 10,8 v 4,48. B. 10,8 v 2,24. C. 17,8 v
2,24. Cu 12: Ha tan hon ton 1,23 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Al vo dung dch HNO3 c, nng
NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch Y. Sc t t kh NH3 (d) vo dung dch Y, s
hon ton thu c m gam kt ta. Phn trm v khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp X v gi tr c
. 21,95% v 2,25. C. 78,05% v 0,78. D. 21,95% v 0,78.
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CHNG 3 : S IN PHN
Mt s phn ng oxi ha kh li c lin quan n dng in v c phn loi theo hai hng
- Phn ng oxi ha kh dn n pht sinh dng in: pin hay nguyn t galvanic A. S IN P
qu trnh oxi ha kh xy ra trn b mt in cc, di tc dng ca dng in mt chiu ch
g chy. 2. Cht in phn Cht in phn l cht c kh nng phn li thnh cc ion tri du,
g chy. II- KHO ST S IN PHN Kho st s in phn( ca mt cht, hn hp, hay dung dch
trnh in li ca cc cht - Ch iu kin in phn: nng chy hay dung dch - Nu l dun
hi), nhng in li khng ng k(nn khng xt khi kho st (2) v thu gn (3)) 2. Vit cc p
ron hai in cc. - Cation (ion dng) v catot( in cc m), ti cation nhn electron
- Anion(ion m) v anot( in cc dng), ti anion nhng electron to sn phm ( qu
trng nht, cn xc nh r ion no u tin nhn hoc nhng electron v to sn phm l g?
phn Phng trnh in phn ch l vic thu gn cc giai on (1) v (2). Cn ch n gin
phn. 4. Xt phn ng ph v iu kin k thut (nu l sn xut) a. Phn ng ph: Xt phn
to thnh in cc - Cht tan trong dung dch - Cht dng lm in cc b. iu kin k thu
xut l iu ch vi lng ln nn t cc iu kin phn ng v phn ng ph, cn nu bin ph
v t hiu qu kinh t. 5. Tnh lng sn phm in phn thu c. a. Lng n cht: AIt D
cht thu c in cc: = = A nF It S mol ion cht b in phn = nF Trong : m: lng c
lng mol nguyn t ca nguyn t to nn n cht( gam/mol) n: s electron trao i trong ph
pe) t: thi gian in phn (giy)
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 36
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------F: hng s Faraday = 96500( vi I tnh theo Ampe v t theo giy) A rng It = q: i
b)( khi cc bnh in phn mc ni tip cng q) : n ng lng gam ca cht c gii phng
aday tnh lng n cht trc. ri suy ra lng hp cht bng phng trnh in phn. III
cation v catot v nhn electron theo th t ni chung t sau ra trc ca dy in ha( xem
nhn electron:

K+Ba2+Ca2+Na+Mg2+Al3+H+Mn2+Zn2+Cr3+Fe2+H+Ni2+Sn2+Pb2+H+Cu2+Ag+Hg2+ ca H2O(l thuyt) ca

axit ca H2O(thc t) b. Sn phm to thnh: - Ni chung: Mn+ + ne M( n cht) - Ring v
it : 2H+ + 2e H2 ca nc : 2H2O 2H+ + 2OH2H+ + 2e H2 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH2. Anot Cc
n v anot v nhng electron theo th t a. Th t nhng electron: - Anion khng c oxi (Cl) v gc axit hu c( RCOO-) - Anion OH-( OH- ca baz u tin hn ca nc) - Anion c oxi
v F(xem chi tit trong bng 1) b. Sn phm to thnh: - Anion n nguyn t: nhng electron
- S + 2e 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e 2O2- O2 + 4e - Anion a nguyn t: nhng electron thng to g
o khng bn s bin i bng cch phn tch, cp i to sn phm bn hn: 2CH3-COO- -2e [
+ 2CO2 1 2OH- -2e [ 2OH H2O2] O2 + H2O 2 22 2SO4 - 2e [ 2 SO4 ] S2O8 (ion pesunfa
Ring vi OH-: 1 * ca baz : 2OH- - 2e O2 + H2O 2 * ca nc: 2H2O 2H+ + 2OH1 2OH- - 2e
O 2 1 H2O 2e O2 + 2H+ 2
Trng THPT Chuyn L T Trng- TPCT 37
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IV- P DNG 1. Tm tt ni dung bi ton a. Vit cc phng trnh in li b. Vit cc ph
n * Cation v catot, nhn electron theo th t t sau ra trc
Ion KL mnh
H+ ca nc
Ion KL trung bnh
H+ ca axit
Ion KL yu

* Anion v anot, nhng electron theo th t t sau ra trc OHAnion khng c Anion c oxi c
i v RCOOv Fc. Phng trnh in phn = (1) + (2) d. Xt phn ng ph v iu kin k thut
: Kho st s in phn nhm oxit nng chy (vi in cc than ch) sn xut nhm. Gii ca
li Al2O3 2Al + 3O2b. PT cho, nhn electron * Catot: 2Al3+ + 6e 2Al 3 * Anot: 3O2-
O2 + 6e 2 3 O2(*) 2
c. Thu gn c phng trnh
, Na AlF Al2O3 dpnc3 6 2Al3+ +

in phn. d. Phn ng ph v iu kin - Al2O3 nng chy nhit rt cao(-25000C) nn tn

hm cryolic(Na3AlF6 hay AlF3.3NaF) nhit nng chy gim ch cn 9500c ,t 0 - anot : C
not b mn dn, nn phi c h thp dn ( duy tr din tch tip xc)
Ghi ch: Nu ch yu cu vit phng trnh in phn nhm oxit nng chy th ch vit phng
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V d 2: Kho st s in phn dung dch NaCl, in cc than ch, c hoc khng c mng
not + + 2Cl2NaCl 2Na + H + OH(H2O b. PT cho, nhn electron *Catot: 2H2O + 2e H2 +
2OH Cl2 + 2e * Anot: 2Clc. Thu gn c phng trnh in phn. d. Phn ng ph

Cl2( ) 2NaCl + 2H2O dpdd H2 + NaOH+ * C mng ngn xp: khng c phn ng ph, thu
2 anot. * Khng c mng ngn xp: xy ra phn ng: Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O ( ) T
) v ( ) NaCl + H2O dpdd H2 + NaClO

V d 3: Kho st s in phn dung dch NiSO4 vi anot tr hoc vi anot bng Ni. Gii: a. T
Anot 2+ + SO42NiSO4 Ni + OH-) (H2O H+ 2+ Catot: Ni + 2e Ni O2 + 2H+ + 2e Anot:
H2O Phng trnh in phn: + O2 + H2SO4 (1) NiSO4 + H2O dpdd Ni b. Trng hp anot
NiSO4 Ni2+ + SO42+ OH-) (H2O H+ 2+ Catot: Ni + 2e Ni Anot : Ni Ni2+ + 2e Phng trn
in phn: + NiSO4 NiSO4 + Ni dpdd Ni dpdd , NiSO 4 Kt lun : Ni(anot) Ni(
Khng xy ra phn ng gia axit trong dung dch vi bt k kim loi no bm trn catot khi
khi ang in phn) . Nu ngt in : xt phn ng bnh thng. - in phn dung dch mui(th
ng bnh hoc yu) vi anot bng chnh kim loi M c ng dng trong s m in( cn c m
ny, thc t ch c s di chuyn ca kim loi M t anot sang p ln catot( vt mun m)
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V d 4 : Kho st s in phn NaOH nng chy hoc dung dch NaOH. Gii : a. in phn
ot 0 , nc NaOH t 2Na+ + 2OH+ Catot: 2Na + 2e Na H2O + O2 Anot : 2OH -2e

Phng trnh in phn: + H2O + O2 2NaOH dpnc Na Nhn xt : - Do oxi v hi nc

c vi natri, to thnh catot. b. in phn dung dch NaOH
0
, nc NaOH t (H2O Catot: 2H2O + 2e Anot : 2OH- -2e
Catot Anot 2Na+ + 2OH+ H + OH-) H2 + 2OHH2O + O2

Phng trnh in phn: 2NaOH + 2H2O dpdd H2 + NaOH + H2O + O2 dpdd , NaOH Kt lu
: - in phn dung dch NaOH thc t in phn nc. NaOH ng vai tr nh mt cht dn in
h: a. Hidroxit kim loi mnh (KOH, NaOH, Ba(OH)2) b. Axit c oxi (HNO3, H2SO4,) c. Mui g
ia 2 loi cht trn( Na2SO4, KNO3, ) thc t u l in phn nc cho H2 catot v O2 a
ha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl, khng c vch ngn vi in cc tr v dng in v hn. Gii:
CuSO4 + 2Cl2NaCl 2Na+ + H + OH-) (H2O 2+ Cu Catot: Cu + 2e Cl2 + 2e Anot : 2ClPhng
trnh in phn: CuSO4 + 2NaCl dpdd Cu + Na2SO4 + Cl2 amol -2a mol (nu c, c p
b =2a Sau giai on 1, dung dch ch cha Na2SO4 nn giai on 2 l in phn dung dch Na2SO
2Na+ + SO42Na2SO4
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- H+ + OH-) (H2O H2 + 2OHCatot: 2H2O + 2e O2 + 2H+ Anot : H2O -2e
Phng trnh in phn: Na2SO4 + 3H2O dpdd H2 + 2NaOH + O2 +
a2SO4 + 2H2O
, Na 2 SO Kt lun: H2O dpdd 4 H2 + O2 Nh vy, giai on
khng dn in, mch h v s in phn kt thc. b. Trng hp b > 2a
giai on 2 l in phn dung dch cha Na2SO4 v NaCl(*) Catot Anot
2Na+ H+ + OH-) (H2O H2 + 2OHCatot: 2H2O + 2e Cl2 + 2e Anot : 2Cl-

H2SO4 V khng c vc

2 th H2O b in ph
Sau giai on 1, dung
Cu2+ + SO42CuSO4 + 2C

Phng trnh in phn: Na2SO4 + 2NaCl + 2H2O dpdd H2 + 2NaOH + Cl2 + Na2SO4 Phn ng
ngn: Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O

Kt lun: NaCl + H2O dpdd H2 + NaClO Sau giai on 2, dung dch c cha 2 mui Na2SO4
Cng c th l lun: Khi in phn dung dch cha 2 mui Na2SO4 v NaCl th do cng c ion N
hn ty ion m: gia SO42- v Cl- th Cl- u tin nhng electron nn c th kt lun ngay:
ui Na2SO4 v NaCl chnh l in phn dung dch NaCl. Catot Anot + 2Cl2NaCl 2Na+ H+ + OHH2 + 2OHCatot: 2H2O + 2e Cl2 + 2e Anot : 2Cl
Phng trnh in phn: 2NaCl + 2H2O dpdd H2 + 2NaOH + Cl2 V khng c vch ngn: Cl
O + H2O

Kt lun: NaCl + H2O dpdd H2 + NaClO in phn giai on 3 l in phn dung dch c
atot Anot + 2Na + SO42Na2SO4 + + ClONaClO Na + H + OH-) (H2O
Catot: 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH41
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- O2 + 2H+ Anot : H2O -2e

Phng trnh in phn: H2O dpdd H2 + O2 Ghi ch: - Do 2 mui khng tham gia cc q
nn c th kt lun v vit ngay phng trnh in phn H2O). - Nh vy giai on 3 th H2O
dch, khng dn in, mch h v s in phn kt thc. c. Trng hp b < 2a Sau giai on 1,
d, nn giai on 2 l in phn dung dch cha Na2SO4 v CuSO4: Cch 1: Catot Anot 2Na+ +
u2+ + SO42CuSO4 H+ + OH-) (H2O 2+ Cu Catot: Cu + 2e O2 + 2H+ Anot : H2O -2e Phng tr
h in phn: CuSO4 + H2O dpdd Cu + O2 + H2SO4 Cch 2: in phn dung dch cha Na
hn dung dch CuSO4 (v Cu2+ nhn e d hn): Catot Anot Cu2+ + SO42CuSO4 H+ + OH-) (H2O 2
u Catot: Cu + 2e O2 + 2H+ Anot : H2O -2e Phng trnh in phn: CuSO4 + H2O dpdd
O4 Sau giai on 2: dung dch cha Na2SO4 v H2SO4 nn s in phn giai on 3 l in ph
Catot Anot 2H+ + SO42H2SO4 H+ + OH-) (H2O H2 Catot: 2H+ + 2e O2 + 2H+ Anot : H2O
-2e Phng trnh in phn: H2SO4 + H2O dpdd H2 + O2 + H2SO4 dpdd , H 2 SO 4 K
vy, giai on 3 th H2O b in phn cho n khi khng cn dung dch, khng dn in na(
B. PIN IN V S N MN IN HA I- PIN IN 1. Th nghim: Hai cc thy tinh, mt cc cha
cc kia cha 50ml dung dch ZnSO4. Nhng 1 l Cu vo dung dch CuSO4, mt l Zn vo dung dch
hai dung dch bng mt ng hnh ch U ng dung dch Na2SO4. ng ny c gi l Trng THPT
Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------cu mui. Thit b ni trn gi l pin in ha. V khi ni hai l kim loi bng mt dy
-)

*Nhn xt: - Trong th nghim trn, c s di chuyn electron t Zn qua Cu, dn n pht sinh
ngc li, t Cu qua Zn. Nh vy, Cu l cc dng v Zn l cc m ca mt pin in n gin.
loi v phi kim (C) nhng trong dung dch in li to thnh mt pin( cn gi l nguyn t gal
ca pin a. Bng th in cc chun(Bng 1) - H gm kim loi nhng trong dung dch mui ca k
cc chun khi nng ca dung dch ion kim loi l 1M, 250C. - Th in cc l hiu th c
iu th ny khng th xc nh. - Th in cc chun l hiu ca th in cc ca kim loi v
BNG TH IN CC CHUN(E0) TNG I CA CC CHT QUEN THUC (Bng 1) in cc E0 in cc E
H2O)/2H2O 0,815 K+/K -2,925 Hg2+/Hg 0,840 Ba2+/Ba -2,900 NO3-+ 10H+/NH4++ 3H2O 0
,870 2+ 2+ 2+ 0,910 Ca /Ca -2,870 2Hg / Hg 2
Na+/Na Mg2+/Mg Be2+/Be Al3+/Al Mn2+/Mn 2H2O/H2 + 2OHZn2+/Zn Cr3+/Cr
-2,714 -2,370 -1,850 -1,660 -1,180 -0,828 -0,763 -0,740
NO3-+ 3H+/HNO2+ H2O NO3-+ 4H+/NO+ 2H2O HNO2+ H+/ NO+ H2O Br2/2BrPt2+/Pt O2 + 4H+/
2H2O MnO2+4H+/Mn2+ + 2H2O NO3-+12H+/N2 +6H2O
43
0,940 0,960 0,990 1,080 1,190 1,229 1,230 1,240 Ha 10 Chuyn
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Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------0,480 O3 + H2O/O2 + 2OH1,240 S/S222+ + 3+ Fe /Fe -0,440 Cr2O7 +14H / 2Cr +7
H2O 1,330 2H+(H2O)/H2 -0,410 Cl2/2Cl1,360 Ni2+/Ni -0,240 Au3+/Au 1,500 2+ + 2+ Sn
/Sn -0,136 MnO4 + 8H /Mn + 4H2O 1,510 CrO4- + 4H2O/Cr(OH)3+2OH- -0,130 Mn3+/Mn2+
1,510 Pb2+/Pb -0,126 MnO4-+4H+/MnO2+2H2O 1,690 Fe3+/Fe -0,036 H2O2 + 2H+/H2O 1,
770 2H+/H2 0,000 S2O82-/2SO422,000 S4O62-/2S2O320,090 O3+2H+/O3+H2O 2,070 + S+2H
/H2S 0,140 F2/2F 2,870 2+ + + 2Cu /Cu 0,153 SO4 +4H /SO2+2H2O 0,170 SO42-+10H+/H2S+
4H2O 0,310 Cu2+/Cu 0,337 + + 22SO4 +8H /S+4H2O 0,360 2H2SO3 + 2H /S2O3 + 3H2O 0,4
00 O2+H2O/2OH0,401 S2O32-+6H+/2S+3H2O 0,500 + Cu /Cu 0,521 I2/2I 0,540 MnO4-/MnO
420,560 MnO4-+2H2O/MnO2+4OH0,600 + 3+ 2+ O2 + 2H /H2O2 0,680 Fe /Fe 0,770 + + Hg
/Hg 0,792 Ag /Ag 0,799 NO3-+2H+/NO2+H2O 0,800 b. Sc in ng chun ca pin: - Sc in
bng th ca in cc dng tr th ca in cc m(hay hiu ca th in cc chun ca kim l
n2+/Zn ni vi Cu/Cu2+) c sc in ng (chun): 0 0 E0 = ECu 2+ / Cu - EZn 2+ / Zn = 0,34-(
)=1,1V

Nhn xt: Khi sc in ng l dng th phn ng c th t xy ra: + Kim loi mnh hn y

loi . + Chnh lch th in cc cng ln, phn ng xy ra cng d: *Kim loi cng mnh c
b y ra khi dung dch mui. + Kim loi ng trc H (trong dy in ha) y c H2 ra kh
BI TP P DNG Bi 1: (bi 52/92) a. C hai bnh in phn t ni tip nhau. Bnh 1 cha V
mol/l. Bnh 2 cha 2V lt dung dch AgNO3 c nng x mol. Thc hin s in phn vi in
pht vi cng dng in bng 1,93 ampe. Trn hai dung dch sau in phn vi nhau. Trong
08 mol ion Cl-. Tnh nng x mol/l ca dung dch u. ( thi tuyn sinh vo i hc Quc g
96) b. in phn(vi in cc Pt) 200ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 n khi bt u c kh catot th
hi khi lng catot khng i, thy khi lng catot bng 3,2 gam so vi lc cha in phn.
Cu(NO3)2 trc khi in phn ( thi tuyn sinh vo i hc Y- Dc TP. H Ch Minh nm 1995)
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bi 2: (bi 71/100) C 400ml dung dch cha HCl v KCl, em in phn trong bnh in ph
c vch ngn vi cng dng in l 9,65A trong 20 pht th dung dch cha mt cht tan c
hn b. Tnh nng phn t gam ca dung dch ban u( coi th tch dung dch thay i khng
l]=0,1M Bi 3: (bi 72/100) Trong 500ml dung dch A cha 0,4925 gam hn hp gm mui clorua v
roxit ca mt kim loi kim. o pH ca dung dch A c pH = 12. Khi in phn 1/10 dung dch A
Cl2 th thu c 11,2ml Cl2 2730C v 1atm. a. Xc nh kim loi kim. Bit rng trong bnh
Cho 1/10 dung dch A tc dng va vi 25ml dung dch CuCl2. Tnh nng mol/l ca CuCl2.
0 dung dch A trong bao lu vi cng dng in l 96,5A dung dch cha mt cht tan c
uCl2] = 0,01M ; c. t = 4,5 giy

Bi 4: (bi 73/101)Trong mt bnh in phn th nht( bnh I), ngi ta ha tan 0,3725 gam XC
vo nc. Mc ni tip bnh I vi bnh II cha dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi gian in phn
6 gam kim loi bm vo cn bnh I thy cha mt cht tan c pH= 13. a. Tnh th tch dung dc
phn b. Cho bit bnh I cha cht g? p n: a. x= 0,05 lt, b. Bnh I c KCl Bi 5: (bi 7
,6 gam hn hp bt mn A gm Mg kim loi, kim loi (II) oxit ha tr 2 km hot ng v kim l
ong HCl d, thu c kh B1 v dung dch C. Dn kh B1 qua bt CuO nung nng, thu c 3,6 ga
C, n khi lng khng i c 24,2 gam hn hp mui khan. in phn dung dch C cho n
thu c 0,71 gam cht kh anot. a. Xc nh kim loi ha tr 2 v kim loi ha tr 3, bi
v khi lng nguyn t kim loi ha tr 2 ln gp 2 ln khi lng nguyn t ca kim loi h
ca A c. Nu tn v ng dng trong k ngh ca mt hp kim m trong thnh phn ch yu l
tuyn sinh nm 1989) Bi 6: (bi 76/102) Ha tan 12,5 gam CuSO4.5H2O vo mt lng dung dch
t gam HCl, ta c 100ml dung dch X. em in phn dung dch X vi in cc tr v cng
. a. Vit cc phng trnh xy ra khi in phn b. Xc nh nng phn t gam(mol/l) ca c
tch dung dch khng i). c. Sau in phn ly in cc ra ri cho vo phn dung dch 5,9 ga
trong dy Bktp ) khi phn ng kt thc ta thu c 0,672 lt kh iu kin 54,60C v 1,
gam cht tan.
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hy xc nh kim loi M v tnh gi tr ca a d. Nu khng cho kim loi M m in phn t
lu na th thy bt kh catot. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc Bch Khoa nm 1989)

Bi 7: (bi 77/103) in phn 200ml dung dch NaCl( D=1,1g/ml) vi in cc bng than c mng
h lun c khuy u. Kh catot thot ra 22,4 lt kh iu kin 200C, 1atm th ngng i
v cc phn ng xy ra in cc. b. Hp cht trong dung dch sau khi kt thc qu trnh i
h 25 B tuyn sinh nm 1989) Bi 8: (bi 80/103) Kho st s in phn ca dung dch ch
Bi 9: (bi 82/104) 1. Cn 2 lt dung dch CuSO4 0,01M c pH= 2,00 m in: a. Ti sao du
thp nh vy? b. Trong phng th nghim c mui CuSO4.5H2O, nc nguyn cht, H2SO4 98%(D=1,8
rnh by cch chun b dung dch( b qua cht ph) 2. C vt cn m, bn ng, dung dch va
trnh by s ca h thng thc hin s m in ny( c hnh v). Vit phng trnh ph
m in nu bit: I= 0,5ampe; lp m c in tch 10cm2 , b dy 0,17mm; khi lng ring ca
s in phn ny t 80%. (Trch thi hc sinh gii Ha Quc Gia 1995) Bi 10: (bi 83/104)
gm Ag v Cu trong 19,6 gam dung dch H2SO4 c, nng( dung dch A) thu c SO2 v dung dc
Ba(NO3)2 tc dng vi dung dch thu c khi oxi ha SO2 thot ra trn bng nc Br2 d th
ta. Ha tan lng mui B thnh 500ml dung dch, sau in phn 100ml dung dch trong thi
iy vi in cc tr v cng dng in I = 0,5A. 1. Tnh khi lng Ag v Cu trong hn h
trong A, bit rng ch c 10% H2SO4 phn ng vi Ag v Cu. b. Nu ly dung dch A pha lo
dung dch sau khi pha long l bao nhiu?( bit axit H2SO4 in li hon ton). 3. a. Tnh kh
oi thot ra catot. b. Nu in phn vi anot bng Cu cho n khi trong dung dch khng cn
catot tng bao nhiu gam v khi lng anot gim bao nhiu gam. Bit rng anot xy ra qu
+ 2e (Trch 35 B tuyn sinh nm 1995) Bi 11: (bi 84/105)
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Ha 10 Chuyn

Nguyen The Chien http://www.ebook.edu.vn Chuyen e: Oxi hoa_kh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mc ni tip hai bnh in phn: Bnh X cha 800ml dung dch mui MCl2 nng a mol/l v
bnh Y cha 800ml dung dch AgNO3. - Sau 3 pht 13 giy in phn th catot bnh X thot r
im loi, cn catot bnh Y thot ra 5,4 gam kim loi. - Sau 9 pht 39 giy in phn th c
ra 3,2 gam kim loi, cn catot bnh Y thot ra 16,2 gam kim loi. Bit cng dng in kh
l 100%. Sau 9 pht giy th ngng in phn, ly 2 dung dch thu c sau in phn vo n
dung dch Z c th tch l 1,6 lt. 1. Gii thch cc qu trnh in phn 2. Tnh khi lng
cc cht trong cc dung dch ban u bnh X, Y v trong dung dch Z, gi s th tch cc d
so snh th tch kh thot ra anot ca bnh X v bnh Y. (Trch 78 B tuyn sinh nm

Bi 12: (bi 85/106) Ha tan 150 gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2O vo 600ml dung dch HCl 0,6mol/l ta
c dung dch A. Chia dung dch A thnh 3 phn bng nhau: 1. Tin hnh in phn phn 1 vi
vng 4 gi. Tnh khi lng kim loi thot ra anot, bit hiu sut in phn l 100%. 2. C
oi vo phn 2. Sau mt thi gian ta thu c 1,344 lt kh (ktc), dung dch B v cht rn
dng vi xt d ri ly kt ta nung nhit cao th thu c 4 gam cht rn. Tnh khi l
ri kim loi vo phn th 3. Sau khi kt thc tt c cc phn ng, lc ly kt ta, ra sch v
o nhiu gam cht rn, bit rng khi tc dng vi baz, Cu2+ ch to thnh Cu(OH)2. (Trch
) Bi 13: (bi 86/106) in phn (vi in cc Pt) 200ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 n khi bt u c
g li. yn dung dch cho n khi khi lng ca catot khng i, thy khi lng catot tn
Tnh nng phn t gam ca dung dch Cu(NO3)2 trc khi in phn. (Trch thi tuyn sinh
95) p n: [Cu(NO3)2] = 1M Bi 14: (bi 87/107) in phn 100ml dung dch A( ca hai axit tr
SO4 0,3M v HCl 0,4M) bng in cc Pt (tr) vi cng dng in 2,68A trong thi gian t g
ca pH vo thi gian in phn t trong khong (0 < t < 1 gi). - V th hm s trn Bit:
26,8A.gi - Th tch dung dch khng i trong khi in phn. - Cc gi tr logarit ca x 0,5
9 1,0 x -0,301 -0,222 -0,155 -0,097 -0,046 0 lgx (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo trng i hc
Tp HCM nm 1995)
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Ha 10 Chuyn