3.pdf Rajneetigya

bl v;k; esa--WLuLLOIPT2DLOPT2LRWLSI
OLTOLELTBFTBWLLRGVE)LLKS
PT2 GVFL;L PT2 J[LM HR
WL4K CMFTB MLP;UGVE \LTL
EIGPELMJGKLTUVLWLTBEI
)LXGFELFR<KHI"CMSKH
PT2.LEG7E7MT CMDLS
EI E ZE GFZSI H4"
WLUEZ TMT .LEG7E7
PR2/ <LLM OT<LVT FTB VHIB
WLST"%LWLJMLTQMEST
H4B%LTB=
GJ/ZT OLT WLLTB FTB HFVT JLGE-PSBL)LLKSPT2VTSLWLTB VT P42MT KL7GVFL;LWL4KZLTESBL

ELFEKVT EIQRVL4GSLTB ELMLFVLGEL"WLC >WDSIMKIQRVL4SIEIWLTKK2<LEKTB"H
QRVL4SIWLG'L;EGPELMEI'LI>SLGEMDEI)LZLC; ELT MRGVGQSGELULMPT2"JHZIOLT
QRVL4GSLTB EISKHHFLKT VTSLWLTB VT CMFLFZT FTB )LIPR2/WZYWL4KSGVEEG#VKL-SLQRVL"
WLG'L;EGPELMPT2FLFZTFTBN6HTB EMIFLSEHIMJ2ZSLGFZI>%LTBGEWLG'L;EGPELMEI
QRVL4SIEHIBuLOLEG#VWL4KYHKI'LI"
CMWLFTBHFWLG'L;EGPELMPT2PR2/DRGVLOIMPLZLTBJKGZ Y KLUVIGSE*L42MZLTBPT2
DLKTFTBJTBYT" TMTPR2/MPLZH4B
z GPELMELTZTEKFR<DHMTB%L'LIBWL4KCVELTZTEKEL4VMTWHF*L42MZTHR =
z JHZTOLTOLELTBFTBHFLKTVTSLWLTBVTEL4VMIKLVIGSWJVLC;WL4KN6HLTBVT TML%LTBGEL=
z CMKLVIGSEIFR<NJZG$LL%LKHIBWL4KCMEIMIFL %L'LIB=
z DLOPT2MLZLTBFTBCMKLVIGSELT%LTBT/LT.GOLYL=
WL
GVLTGUSGPELMEIKLUVIGS
jktuhfrd I+kQSlys vkSj fodkl
C-JLSEIGPP0LJIFLYDISLTGVPTLPT2GZHLuLMTN.IML EFHPJXL;UYHPT2

J FTB N)LKL" N.IML FTB ZL4HW-E EL GPLLZ )LB.LK 'LL WL4K W)LI CMEL OLTHV
DLEI'LL"N.IMLEIKL5MKELKVT ZL4HW-EEICMWJ[3LGLSFLYELT )LRVLVL
QLHL"NMVT WBSKL;7IC-JLSGVFL;SLWLTB WL4KKL7I-SKPT2C-JLSGVFL;SLWLTB PT2ML'L
MHFGSJLJKH-SL\LKGE "MKELKMLTQKHI'LIGECMMTKL5FTBuLKIJXUIGVPTL
)LI HLT UL YL WL4K KLTuLYLK PT2 WPMK )LI D.I MB<L FTB MLFVT WL YT" ZL4HW-E
PT2uLOLSK)LB.LKN.IMLPT2MPL;GEWGPEGMSCZLELTB FTB H4B<LLMEKCMKL5PT2
WLGOPLMIDHRZGUZLTBFTB"WLGOPLGMLTBELT.KH4GEWYKHLN]LTYZYY SLTN6HTB
WJVT LKDLKMT GP-'LLGJSHLTVLJ.TYLWL4KWLUIGPEL)LIG/VUL YI"
JL;PKLGPOLTB ELT CM DLS EL )L H4 GE <LVV WL4K N]LTY MT JL;PKL JLT-ELT*ZLB7N.IMLPT2Y[LFIL
J[OXGLSHLTYL"PTB2O[MKELKELTZYSLH4GEWYKN]LTYZYLVTEIWVRFGS GPKLTJKNSL
VHIBOIYC;>SLTCMMT EDRKIGFMLZELFHLTYIWL4KOTLFTBJXUIGVPTL dk;kZy; laoknkrk
ELTDLLLJHRQTYI"
Hkqous'oj% txrflag ftys esa izLrkfor
CMNOLHKLFTB EC; SKHPT2GHSMGP[2H4B"%LWLJCVGHSLTB ELT iksLdks&bafM;k bLikr la;a=k ls foLFkkiu
JHQLVMEST H4B=JKPT2NOLHKLFTB MB LL; PT2WHFGDBOR EL4VEL4VMT dk f'kdkj gq, yksxksa us bl dksfj;kbZ
H4B=%LWLJELTZYSLH4GEELTC; TMLGDBOR)LIH4GUMJKM)LIJ\LKLUI oaQiuh osQ nrj osQ lkeus xq#okj dks
HLT MPTB2= %L CM FMZT ELT CM )LLGS MRZLL UL MESL H4 GE CMMT fojks/ izn'kZu fd;kA ;g yksx ekx dj
MBDM)LIGHSLTB ELT MBSR7GELULMPT2=WLJU4MT HICVMPLZLTB ELT jgs Fks fd ,d lky igys oaQiuh vkSj
JX/TBYT SLT WLJPT2 MLFVT E D.L MPLZ N# <L.L HLTYLN.IML FTB GEM mM+hlk dh ljdkj osQ chp ftl lgefr
SKHPT2GPELMEIuLKSH4=OKWMZ>GEMEIuLKSLTB ELT N.IMLEI i=k ij gLrk{kj gq, Fks mls j dj fn;k
uLKSEHLUL =
tk,A
KLUVIGSE7EKLP
CVMPLZLTBPT2uLPLDELTC;GPLTL,VHIBOTMESL"CMSKHPT2*L42MZLTBFTB E
MLFLGUEMFXHPT2GHSLTBELTOXMKTMLFLGUEMFXHPT2GHSLTBEISRZVLFTBSL4ZL
ULSLH4"ML'LHIFL4UXOLJIIPT2GHSLTBWL4KWLVTPLZIJIIPT2GHSLTBELT)LI
ZL)LHLGVEISRZLJKFLJVLJ.SLH4"GEMI)LIZLTESBLFTB TMT*L42MZTUVSL
^LKLGZ ULVTQLGH LEFMTEFCV*L42MZLTBJKGPLTL,LTBEI-PIGS
EIFRHKuLKHLTVIQLGH "<LVV>JL;PKLWL4KW'L;LL-LPT2GPLTL,LTBEI
KLULVVLFHPJXL; H4>ZTGEVWBGSFGVL;GVGQSSL4KJKKLUVIGSE
GVL;HLTVLQLGH "UVJ[GSGVGUVSLEI)LLPVLWLTB ELT MFST H4B WL4K
UVJ[GSGVGLLTBELTHI TMT*L42MZTZTVTQLGH "
f/afd;k] uqvkaxko vkSj x<+oqQtaxk xzke

iapk;r osQ ,d lkS ls Hkh ;knk
L=kh&iq#"kksa us oaQiuh osQ nrj esa ?kqlus
dh dksf'k'k dh ysfdu iqfyl us mUgsa
jksd fn;kA izn'kZudkfj;ksa us ukjs yxk,
vkSj dgk fd gekjh thfodk vkSj
thou dh dher ij oaQiuh dks bLikr
la;a=k yxkus dh vuqefr ugha nh tkuh
pkfg,A bl fojks/ izn'kZu
dk vk;kstu jk"Vh; ;qok laxBu vkSj
uofuekZ.k lfefr us fd;k FkkA
ML)LLK?OGHBOX>UXV>
48
-PSBL)LLKSFTBKLUVIGS
%LH4PLFJB'LWL4K%LH4OG\LLJB'L=
UDGPG)L6VOTLLTB EIKLUVIGSEIDLSHLTSIH4 SLT WEMK
PHL PT2 KLUVIGSE OZ W'LPL MFXHLTB EL HPLZL OTST HR
EHLULSLH4 GECMLNMJL7I; LMFXHEIGPQLKLKL
PLFJB'LIW'LPLOG\LLJB'LIK2LVPLZIH4"WLJVT TMLGU
uLK HI JL HLTYL" ?OG\LLJB'L W'LPL ?PLFJB'L L$O MT
GEMIKLUVIGSEOZW'LPLMFXHPT2DLKTFTBHJ[E7HLTSL
H4 GEMLFLGUEDOZLPELT ZTEKPHEL4VMLJ\LZTYL
LWLG'L;EJRVGP;SKLFTBKL5EI)LXGFELPT2DLKTFTBNMEI
%LKLHLTYI"?PLFJB'LMTWFXFVNVZLTYLTBEISK*L2MBPT2S
GEL ULSL H4 ULT YKID WL4K GJ/.T MLFLGUE MFXH EI
SK*L2OLKIEKST H4B WL4KCVSDELTB ELT *L2LOLJHRQLVT PLZI
MKELKIVIGSLTBELMF'L;VEKSTH4B"?OG\LLJB'LMTNVZLTYLTB
ELTCBGYSGELULSLH4ULTHFLVSTH4BGE<LRZIJ[GS-JLL;
WL4KDLuLLKFXZEW'L;0P-'LLPT2uLGK HIJ[YGSHLT MESI
H4LVI MKELK ELT W'L;0P-'LL FTB Y4KuLKI H-S\LTJ VHIB
EKVLQLGH "
%L WLJ DSL MEST H4B GE PT2 OLE FTB EL4VMT
KLUVIGSEOZPLFJB'LIWL4KEL4VMTOG\LLJB'LI'LT"WLJCM
OL4KEIELBY[TMJL7I;ELTGEMSK*L2K<LTBYT=
WLuLLOIPT2DLOWJVTOTLFTB TMTEC;*L42MZTGZ

Y " CVFTB MT ELTC; )LI *L42MZL DLEI *L42MZLTB MT FRH
*LT2KEK VHIB GZL UL MESL 'LL" MLKT PT2 MLKT *L42MZT
WLJMFTBWLG'L;EGPELMPT2 EFL8.ZLLTBEHTBGE
E?GPuLVMT DLT HR 'LT"ZY)LYM)LICMDLSJK
MHFS'LTGE)LLKSPT2GPELMELW'L;WLG'L;EMBPAG
WL4KWLG'L;EMLFLGUE6LOLTVLTB HIH4B"CMDLSJK
)LIMHFGS'LIGECMFLFZT ELT 0PMLI>N]LTYJGS
WL4K GEMLVLTB PT2 )LKLTMT VHIB /LT.L UL MESL" MKELK
ELT CMFMZT FTB J[FR<L)LXGFELGV)LLVI'LI"DHKHLZ>
WLG'L;EMBPAG HLT WL4K MLFLGUE 6L )LI GFZTCMT
MRGVGQSEKVTPT2GZ MKELKEL4VMI)LXGFELGV)LL =
CMMPLZJKFS)LTO'LT"%LELTC; TMLPTB2O[IMBY#V
uLKI H4 ULT JXKT OTL PT2 GZ LTUVL DVL = %L
MKELK ELT PR2/ FHPJXL; N]LTY WL4K 0PML <LRO
QZLVTQLGH =WYKMLFLGUE6LWLG'L;EMBPAGEI
uLKSLTBPT2WL.TWLSLHLTSLT TMIMXKSFTBMLFLGUE6L
JKGESVLuLLTKOTVLNGQSHLTYL=
CVFTBMTJ[3TEMPLZJK7EKLPHR ULTWLUSEULKIH4B"ULT*L42MZTGZ Y NVPT2

KLUVIGSEJGKLLFMLFVTWL "CVFTBMTWGESKFMZLTBJKKLUVIGSEJMTELTC;*L42MZL
ZTVLHI'LLWL4KCMPT2GZ KLUVIGSEOZLTBMTMZLHFLGPKLEKVLuLKI'LL>ML'LHI
UVSLEI-PIGS)LIHLGMZEKVI'LI"CMIELKL)LLKSEIKLUVIGSPT2CGSHLMELT
ULVVTPT2GZ HFTBGPELMPT2E'LLFELTJVLuLKIH4"
eSa lksprk Fkk fd ;g rks
cM+k lhkk&lknk iQkWewZyk gSA
lkjs cM+s I+kSQlyksa osQ lkFk
eksVh jde tqM+h gksrh gS
vkSj blh dkj.k jktusrk
;s I+kSQlys djrs gSaA
fodkl dh /kj.kk,
WEMKCV7EKLPLTBPT2JI/TGPELMEILLKLLWLTBELHL'LHLTSLH4"N.IMLPT2NOLHKLMT
HFTBJSLQZSLH4GECSVLEHOTVT)LKMTDLSVHIBDVSIGEHKELTC;GPELMQLHSLH4"
UVSLPT2GPG)L6VSDELTBPT2GZ ?GPELMPT2W'L;WZYWZYHLTSTH4B"GFMLZPT2GZ
C-JLSMBBLD4#LVT EILTUVLDVLKHT N]LTYJGS>C-JLSPT2GEMILHKINJ)LLT%SLWL4K
C-JLSMBBLPT2GZ J[-SLGPSCZLPT2FTB KHKHT GEMIWLGOPLMIPT2GZ ?GPELMEL
W'L; WZYWZY HLTYL" CM ELKL ?GPELM MT UR.I ELTC; )LI ?QQL; GPPLOLTB MT JKT
VHIBHLTSI"
WLuLLOIPT2DLOPT2JHZTOLEFTBCMMPLZJK<LXDDHMTBHRC"NMP%SZLTYDLY
?GPELMEIDLSWLSTHI?JGQFELHPLZLOTST'LTGE?GPELMELJ4FLVL?JGQFI
FR:E H4B" WLU )LI E W'L; FTB HF CM DLS ELT Z\ EK MEST H4B" ?GPELM EL
W'L; 'LL uLOLMTuLOL WLLRGVE HLTVL WL4K WLLRGVE HLTVT EL W'L; 'LL> JGQFI
WL4]LTGYEOTLLTB EISKHHLTVL"FLVLULSL'LLGEJGQFIFR:ELTB EISKHHKOTLELT
WLLRGVEIEKLEIJ[GLMTYRuLKVLHLTYL"GUMSKHJGQFIFR:ELTBFTBWLLRGVEIEKLPT2
49
ELKLJRKLVIMLFLGUEMBKQVL7X7IWL4KJXUIPLOS'LLNOLKPLOELNOHRWL>NMISKH
ORGVLPT2DLEIOTLLTBFTB)LIHLTYL"WLLRGVEIEKLELTMBPAG>)LL4GSEJ[YGSWL4KP4,LGVE
SP;2DRGELJL;PLQIFLVLULSL'LL"?GPELMEI TMILLKLLELTFLVVTPT2ELKLSD
HKELTC; GPG)L6VOTLLTB ELT GPEGMS>GPELMLIZW'LPLWGPEGMSDSLEKNMPT2DLKT FTB
WJVIDLSTBEHSL'LL"
D;k vki ;g dg jgs

gSa fd ^vkkqfud* cuus
osQ fy, ^if'peh*
gksuk k:jh ugha gS\
D;k ;g laHko gS\
WLuLLOIPT2P%SHOR-SLVPT2MLFVTGPELMPT2OLTFL8.Z'LT"JHZLNOLKPLOIJBXUIPLOI
FL8.Z'LL"XKLTJPT2WGLESKGH-MLTB WL4KMBR%SKL5WFKIELFTB HIFL8.ZWJVLL
YL 'LL" OXMKL MFLUPLOI FL8.Z 'LL" CMT MLTGPS MB L VT WJVLL 'LL" WLJ CV OLTVLTB
GPQLKLLKLWLTB PT2DLKT FTB J QRPT2H4B WL4KWLJH)LIULVST H4B GEOLT FHLLG%SLTB PT2
DIQ?LISRELOL4KQZL'LL"NMP%SHOR-SLVFTBDHRSMTZLTYGPELMPT2MLTGPS
FL8.ZMTYHKTSL4KJKJ[)LLGPS'LT" TMTZLTYLTBFTB)LLKSIE&RGV-7JL7I;PT2HIVHIBDG:E
MLTLGZ-7JL7I;WL4K<LROELBY[TMPT2VTHSELLGFZ'LT"WFKIEISU;PT2JXUIPLOIGPELM
PT2J4KLTELKDHRSEF'LT"
lkHkkj % fganqLrku VkbEl
WLuLLOIPT2WLBOLTZVPT2OL4KLVHI EMHFGSDVYC;'LIWL4KVTSLWLTBEICMJMBO
FTBHIMHFGSJ[GSGDBGDSHLTKHI'LI"KL7PLOIVTSLWLTBPT2FVFTBHDLSGD:LPR2ZML*L2
'LIGEWLuLLO)LLKSEIMKELKPT2WLG'L;EMKLTELKWBY[TUIHRPX2FSPT2WLG'L;EMKLTELKLTB
MT EOFWZYHLTBYT"WLuLLO)LLKSEIMKELKWBY[TUIHRPX2FSEISKHMBPR2GQS0LJLGKE
GHSLTBEIJXGS;PT2GZ ELFVHIBEKTYI"WLuLLOIPT2WLBOLTZVPT2OL4KLVHIHDLS)LIML*L2
HLT YC; 'LIGEYKIDIGF7LVT WL4KMLFLGUEWLG'L;EJRVGP;SKLPT2ELFELFR<GU&FL
MKELKELHLTYL"VTSLWLTBFTBCVDLSLTBELTZTEKDHMG/.I"PR2/WL4]LTYIEKLELTNGQS
KL-SLFLVST'LTSLTPR2/EIVuLKFTBGLELGPELMEKVLWL4KY[LFIL\LTLEIYKIDIELT
OXKEKVLMPL;GLEuLKI'LL"
LTUVLWLLTYPT2MO-LTBELTMBDLTGLSEKSTHR VTH
50
D.T <LRLGE-FS H4B T ZLTY

GE HF U4MT ZLTY CVPT2 GZ
GPELMLTUVLDVLKHTH4B"
ML)LLKV4VV
LTUVLWLLTY
;kstuk vk;ksx
LTUVL
WLLTY
%LLTUVLWLLTY
VTCVNTLTBJK
WFZGELH4=
GJ/ZTMLZWLJVT?)LLKSIMBGPLLVGMLBSWL4K0PHLKVLFEIGESLDJI'LI"%L

WLJDSLMEST H4B GECMFTB LTUVLWLLTYELELTC; GUWLL'LLLVHIB=OKWMZ>
LTUVLWLLTYELGUCMGESLDFTB EHIB VHIB H4 %LTBGELTUVLWLLTYMBGPLLV^LKL
-'LLGJSDLEIWLLTYLTBW'LPLOXMKTGVELLTBEISKHVHIBH4"LTUVLWLLTYEI-'LLJVL>FLQ;
FTB>)LLKSMKELKVT EMILTMLOTJ[-SLPPT2uLGK EI"HWLLTY EMZLHELK
EI)LXGFELGV)LLSLH4WL4KCMEIGMJ2LGKLTBS)LIJ[)LLPELKIHLTJLSIH4BUDFBGLFB.ZN6HTB
FBUXKEKT"GUMJ[-SLPPT2uLGK LTUVLWLLTYEI-'LLJVLHRC;'LINMFTBCMPT2ELLTPT2
OLKTELN:ZT<LEKSTHR EHLYL'LL
)LLKSPT2MBGPLLVFTB)LLKSPT2VLYGKELTBELTPR2/FL4GZEWGLELKGO Y H4BWL4KKL5
PT2GZ VIGSGVOT;LES3PLTBELN:ZT<LGELYLH4"VIGSGVOT;LES3PLTBPT2WBSY;SH
DLSGPLTLJMTEHIYC;H4GEKL5 E TMIMFLUKQVLELTDVLSTDQLSTHR ZLTYLTB
EI)LZLC; PT2GZ J[LMEKTYLUHL KL7IUIPVEIM)LIMB-'LL MLFLGUE>WLG'L;E
WL4KKLUVIGSE6LEI)LLPVLMT WVRJ[LGLSHLTBKL5W6DLSLTB PT2WGSGK%SWJVI
VIGSLTBELTCMSKHDVL YLWL4KWFZFTBZL YLGE
E
-LIWL4KJRL>M)LIVLYGKELTB ELT WLUIGPELPT2JL;*SMLLVLTB ELDKLDKDKLDK
WGLELKHLT"
<L
MFROLPT2)LL4GSEMBMLLVLTBEIGFG:ESWL4KGVBLLELTCMSKHDL7LUL YLGE
NMMTMP;MLFL6EI)LZLC;HLT@WL4K
Y
W'L;0P-'LLELMBQLZVCMSKHVHIBGELUL YLGELVW'LPLN3JLOVPT2MLLV
ELLUYHPTB2GO[SHLTUL WL4KUVMLFL6EI)LZLC;DLGLSHLT"
GVLTUV
FS)LTOLTBPT2DLPUXO EGDBORJKM)LIMHFS'LTGEGPELMELELFGVUIHL'LLTBFTBVHIB
ML4BJLULMESLWL4KMKELKPT2GZ uLKIH4GEPHGPELMEL E<LLELW'LPLLTUVL
S4LKEKT"OKWMZW'L;0P-'LLPT2JRVGV;FL;LPT2GZ GVLTUVPT2GPQLKELTWL4K
PT2OLEFTB JXKT GPPFTB UVMF'L;VGFZL'LL"XKLTJ?FHLFBOIELGLELKHLTEK
PR2/MDEMI<LQREL'LL@ULJLVWL4KUF;VIVTREIGP)LIGLELTZVTPT2DLOWJVI
W'L;0P-'LLGJ2K<L.IEKZI'LIWL4KMLTGPSMB LVT S'LLPT2OLEFTB
)LLKIEG#VLCLTBPT2DIQLLVOLKWLG'L;EJ[YGSEI'LI"CVMLKIDLSLTBPT2ELKLGVLTUV
PT2J\LFTBORGVL)LKFTBHPLDHKHI'LI"
CMSKHOT<LTB SLT LTUVLWLLTYELTC; WLEG-FEWLGPELKVHIB 'LL"OKWMZ>H
EHLVI WJVT WLJ FTB D.I GOZQ-J H4" HF WLFSL4K JK MLTQST H4B GE GVUI GVPTLE
FMZVN]LTYJGSWL4KD.T 0LJLGKEN]FIGVLTUVPT2J\LFTB VHIB HLTST@PT E<LRZI
W'L;0P-'LLQLHSTH4BUHLJXUIPT2DHLPJKMKELKELELTC;WBPR2LVHLT"ZTGEV>)LLKS
FTB TMLVHIBHRWL"FTBN]LTYJGSLTBEL ESDEL EUR7HRWL"CMMFXHVTOTLFTB
GVLTGUSW'L;0P-'LLQZLVT EL EMBR%SJ[-SLPS4LKGEL"CMT ?DL8&DT *ZLVEHL
ULSLH4"?DL8&DT*ZLVEIFBLL'LIGEMKELKWL4]LTGYES'LLW6WLG'L;EGVPTLPT2\LTL
FTBD.TEOFN#L "CMSKHQLHTOG\LLJB'LIHLTBW'LPLPLFJB'LI>NMP%SM)LIQLHST'LT
GEOTLGVLTGUSW'L;0P-'LLEIKLHJKQZT")LLKSPT2WLuLLOHLTST HILTUVLWLLTY
WG-SPFTBWLL"J[LLVFBLICMPT2W\LDVT")LLKSWJVTGPELMPT2GZ EL4VMLKL-SL
WL4KKLVIGSWJVL YLH*L42MZLEKVT FTB CMMB-'LLVT PTB2O[IWL4KMDMT J[)LLPLLZI
)LXGFELGV)LLC;"
'kq#vkrh dne
MLTGPSMB LEISKH)LLKSPT2LTUVLWLLTYVT)LIJBQPLI;LTUVLWLTBELGPE:JQRVL"
CMPT2JI/T EMILLMLOLGPQLK'LLGE)LLKSMKELKWJVISK*L2MT EO-SLPTuLS4LK
EKTYI>GUMFTBWYZT JLQMLZLTB PT2GZ NMEIWLFOVIWL4K<LQ; EILTUVLHLTYI"CM
51
ML)LLKMRIKOK!X V.IJI PBLTUVLWLLTY
52
LTUVLPT2WVRMLKPTB2O[ MKELKWL4KM)LIKL5MKELKLTB PT2DU7ELT OLT GH-MLTB FTB DL7L

YL" EGH-MLY4KLTUVL0EL'LL"CMPT2WBSY;SMLZLVLWLLLKJKO4VBGOVFOLTBJK
<LQ;EKVL'LL"OXMKLGH-MLLTUVL0EL'LL"LTUVLFTBSEIYC;L'LGFESLWLTBELT
LVFTBK<LSTHR CMTJLQMLZEIWPGFTB<LQ;EKVL'LL"JBQPLI;LTUVLJKWFZ
EKVTEL E*L2LOLH'LLGEMKELKPT2MLFVTW'L;0P-'LLEI ED.ISMPIKHLTSI
'LIWL4KPHW'L;0P-'LLFTBZBDIWPGLPT2H-S\LTJEKMESI'LI"
J['LFJBQPLI;LTUVLEL
J[LJ
FTB J['LFJBQPLI;LTUVLELJ[LJULKIHRWLWL4KCMIMLZVPBDKFTB CM

LTUVLELPL-SGPEO-SLPTuL)LIULKIGELYL"CMMT OTLFTB YHFLYHFIELFLHL4Z
J4OLHRWL"UIPVPT2HK\LTLPT2ZLTYFMZVDRGUIPI>JLELK>MKELKIWL4KY4KMKELKI
\LTLPT2EF;QLKI>N]LTYJGS>GEMLVWL4KKLUVTSLWLGOVTLTUVLPT2O-SLPTuLLTBJK0LJE
DHMFRDLGHMLQZLL"GVLTUVELTZTEKOTLFTBULTYHFLYHFIJ4OLHRC;'LIPHMT
QLZXOXMKIJBQPLI;LTUVLPT2ML'LWJVTQKFJKJHRQYC;"EISIMKIJBQPLI;
LTUVLPT2MFSEHFLHL4ZULKIKHL"QL4'LIJBQPLI;LTUVLMTQLZXHLTVI'LI"
ZTGEV>CMP%SSEGVLTUVELVLJV EHOSEFBOJ.YL'LLWL4K)LLKSYHV
WLG'L;EMBE7EIQJT7FTB WLQREL'LL"MKELKVT JBQPLI;LTUVLELT 'LLT.IOTKEL
GPKLFOTVTEL*L42MZLGEL"HLZLGECVLTUVLWLTBEIJ[L'LGFESLWLTBWL4KJ[GLELTZTEK
WVTEWLZLTQVL MLFVTWLCZTGEVHDLSMQH4GECMP%SSE)LLKSPT2WLG'L;E
GPELMEIDRGVLOJ.QREI'LI"
53
izFke iapo"khZ; ;kstuk

J['LFJBQPLI;LTUVL
EIELTGLLOTLELT YKIDIPT2FE.ULZMT
GVELZVTEI'LI"LTUVLELTS4LKEKVTFTBUR7TGPLTL,LTBFTB EPT2 VKLU'LT"CMRPL
W'L;LL-LIEIOZIZ'LIGEWYZTOLTOLESE)LLKSELTWJVIQLZ?LIFIK<LVI
QLGH %LTBGESTuLKSLKGPELMMTW'L;0P-'LLELTVREMLVJHRQTYL"JHZIJBQPLI;
LTUVLFTB uLOLuLLTKGL\LTLJK'LL"CMILTUVLPT2WBSY;SDLLWL4KGMBQLC; PT2
\LTLFTBGVPTLGELYL"GP)LLUVPT2ELKLGL\LTLELTYHKIFLKZYI'LIWL4KCM
\LTLJKSRKBSLVOTVLuLKI'LL")LL<L.LVLBYZU4MIGPLLZJGKLTUVLWLTB PT2GZ
D.ILVKLGLWLDBG7SEIYC;"CMJBQPLI;LTUVLFTBFLVLYL'LLGEOTLFTB)LXGF
PT2GPSKLELULT KL; FL4UXOH4 NMMT GLPT2GPELMELT MDMT D.IDLLLJHRQSI
H4"CMLTUVLFTB)LXGFMRLLKJKuLLTKGOLYLWL4KNMTOTLPT2GPELMEIDRGVLOI
QIuLFLVLYL"
OMPIBJBQPLI;LTUVLEL
O-SLPTuL"
LTUVLELKLTBELDRGVLOIZ\KL7IWLPT2-SKELTQLEKVTEL'LL"HS)LI
MB)LP'LLUDZLTYLTBEIDQSNVPT2<LQT;MTuLOLHLT"PT2OLEFTB<LQ;EL-SK
)LIDHRSVIQT'LL"CMTWDWL4KEFVHIBGELULMESL'LL"LTUVLELKLTBVTDQSELT
DLPLOTVTEIELTGLLEI"HELF)LIEG#V'LL%LTBGEOTLFTBKLTuLYLKPT2ELGDZ
GUSVTZLTY'LTNVEISRZVLFTBOTLELFL4UXOLJXUI)LB.LKEF'LL"DHKHLZ>GVLTUV
EIJ[GLFTBZLTYLTBEIDQSSIMKIJBQPLI;LTUVLSEDI"ZTGEV>HDQSN&FIO
PT2WVRJVHIB'LI"J['LFJBQPLI;LTUVLEILRWLSFTBCMMTEHIBuLOLDQSEI
N&FIOEIYC;'LI"DLOPT2GOVLTBFTBLVIPT2OLEMTZTEKPT2OLEPT2
LRWLSIMLZLTBSEDQSEIFLLLFTBZYLSLKEFIWLC;"
vkS|ksxhdj.k dh rsk jrkj

OXMKIJBQPLI;LTUVLFTB)LLKIN]LTYLTBPT2GPELMJKuLLTKGOLYL"JIMIFHLZVLTGDM
PT2VTSA3PFTB W'L;LLG-LLTB WL4KLTUVLELKLTB EI E7LTZIVT HLTUVLS4LKEI'LI"
JHZI LTUVL EL FXZFBL 'LL LIKU> ZTGEV OXMKI LTUVL EI ELTGLL STuL YGS MT
MBKQVL3FEDOZLPEKVTEI'LI"CMPT2GZ HKMB)LPGOLLFTBDOZLPEIDLSSEI
YC;'LI"MKELKVTOTMIN]LTYLTBELTMBK\LLOTVTPT2GZ WLLSJK)LLKILR:EZYLL"
MBK\LLEICMVIGSMT GVUIWL4KMLP;UGVE\LTLPT2N]LTYLTB ELT WLYT DVT FTB FOO
GFZI"QXGECMWPGLFTBDQSWL4KGVPTLOLTVLTBHIDKHT'LTCMGZ GDUZI>KTZPT>
C-JLS>FLIVKIWL4KMBQLKU4MTN]LTYLTBELTMLP;UGVE\LTLFTBGPEGMSGELULMESL
'LL"OKWMZ>WL4]LTYIEKLJKGO Y CMuLLTKVT)LLKSIW'L;0P-'LLPT2GPELMELT
EVLWLLFGOL"
DHKHLZ>CMPT2ML'LPR2/MF-L )LI'LIB")LLKSJ[L4]LTGYEIPT2GZHLuLMTGJ/.L
HRWL'LLWL4KGPPDLuLLKMTJ[L4]LTGYEI<LKIOVTFTBNMTWJVIDHRFX:GPOTLIFRO[L<LQ;
EKVIJ.I"CMPT2WGSGK%S>N]LTYLTBVTGLEIWJT\LLGVPTLELTuLOLWLEGL;SGEL"
TMTFTB<LL]L6VMBE7EIWLLBELWZYMTMSLKHI'LI")LLKSPT2LTUVLELKLTBELTN]LTY
WL4KGLPT2DIQMBSRZVMLLVTFTB)LLKIEG#VLC;WLC;"SIMKIJBQPLI;LTUVLOXMKI
JIMIFHLZVLTGDM

varjjk"Vh; Lrj osQ
fo[;kr oSKkfud ,oa
lkaf[;dhfon _ Hkkjrh;
lkaf[;dh laLFkku
(1931) osQ laLFkkid_
nwljh iapo"khZ; ;kstuk
osQ ;kstukdkj_ rhoz
vkS|ksxhdj.k vkSj
lkoZtfud {ks=k dh lf;
Hkwfedk osQ leFkZdA
54
JHZIWL4KOXMKIJBQPLI;LTUVLFTBWLDB7V J[GSLSFTB
W6
MLFLGUEMTPL
GL\LL>-PL-'>
WLPLMWLGO
N2UL;
JGKPHVWL4KMBQLK
N]LTYWL4K<LVV
GMBQLC;WL4KDL
GVBLL
PA2GLWL4K
MLFROLGEGPELM
JHZIJBQPLI;LTUVL
OXMKIJBQPLI;LTUVL
GPELMPT2J[FR<LFO
foosaQfr fu;kstu
uLKIVHIBGEHKGVLTUVPTB2O[ISHIHLT" TML)LIVHIBH4GE
GVLTUVELFSZDHFTLLN]LTYLTBWL4KD.ID.IJGKLTUVLWLTBMT
HIZYLLUL "PT2KZFTBGPELMWL4KGVLTUVPT2GZ ULTKL-SL
QRVLYLNMT?PT2KZFL8.ZEHLULSLH4"CMFL8.ZFTBGL\LL>
-PL-'>)LXGFMRLLK>ELKYK<LL]GPSKLWL4KYKIDIN6FXZVJK
uLLTKGOLULSLKHLH4"PT2KZFTBJ[GS0G%SWLWJT\LLSEF
H4WL4KHLWL4]LTGYEWLLLK)LISRZVL3FEJMTEFuLLTKKHL
H4"CMPT2DLPUXOPT2KZFTBML\LKSLLSJ[GSLSH4"WLRJ[3LLL
DIH4WL4KPHLGLLRFA3ROK>FLSAFA3ROKWL4KU6FOK)LI
EFH4"PT2KZFTB ZLTYLTB ELT EHIB uLOLGQGE3MLMRGPLFRH4L
H4"MT PT2DIQMKELKVT ?VPZLTESLBGLEJHZ
VLFMTWG)LLVQZLL"CMPT2WBSY;SGPELMPT2WG)LLVQZT
GUMFTBGP,LVWL4KJL;PKLPT2FLFZTFTBLSJ[GSLSML\LKSL
EL WG)LLV LLGFZ H4
" CV WG)LLVLTB EI JKT<LL CM SKH
DVLC;YC;'LIGEZLTYLTBELT-PBMTPIVLYGKEMBY#VLTBPT2FLF
MTGPELMEIYGSGPGLTBFTBMILTLLGFZGELULMPT2"PT2KZ
FTBCMDLSPT2)LIJ[LMGE Y GEZLTYJBQLS>J[<LB.WL4K
GUZL-SKEILTUVLWLTBELTS4LKEKVTFTBLLGFZHLTB"
LTUVLMTPR2/<LLMWZYVHIB'LI"WLZLTQELTB
VT LVGOZLLH4 GECMMFMT LTUVLEI
KLVIGSLTB FTB MILTMILT ?LHKLTB EI SK*L2OLKI
HLTSIVuLKWLSIH4"PR2/W6ZLTYLTBELFLVVL
'LLGEGLEIUYHN]LTYELTJ[L'LGFESLOTEK
YZSIEIYC;"PR2/ TMT)LIZLTY'LTULTQLHST'LT
GE)LLKIN]LTYLTBEIUYHGLWLLLGKSN]LTYLTB
JKuLLTKGOLUL "
eq[; fookn
LRWLSI OL4K FTB GPELM EI ULT KLVIGSL
WJVLC;YCNVJKD.TMPLZN#T"HLHF TMT
OLT MPLZLTB EI QQL; EKTBYT ULT WLU )LI
J[LMBGYEH4B"
f"k cuke m|ksx

HF E D.T MPLZ MT JHZT HI JGKGQS HLT
QRPT2 H4B" H MPLZ H4 GE )LLKS U4MI GJ/.I
W'L;0P-'LLFTBGLWL4KN]LTYPT2DIQGEMFTB
55
GMVTMBMLK
UTMIPR2FLK*JL

vlyh uke tslh- dkWusZfy;l_ vFkZ'kkL=kh ,oa pkVZMZ
vdkmaVsaV_ baXySaM ,oa vesfjdk esa
f'k{kk_ egkRek xkkh osQ vuq;k;h_
xkkhoknh vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa dks ykxw
djus dh dksf'k'k_ ^bdkWukseh vkWiQ
ijekusal* osQ ys[kd_ ;kstuk vk;ksx
osQ lnL; osQ :i esa ;kstuk izf;k
esa fgLlsnkjhA
uLOLMBMLLVZYL ULVT QLGH "ECLTB EL

FLVVL'LLGEOXMKIJBQPLI;LTUVLFTBGL
PT2GPELMEIKLVIGSELW)LLP'LLWL4K
CMLTUVLPT2OL4KLVN]LTYLTB JKuLLTKOTVT PT2
ELKL<LTSIWL4KY[LFILCZLELTBELTQLT7JHRQI"
UTMIPR2FLK*JLU4MTYLLIPLOIW'L;LLG-LLTBVT
EP4EG:JELTUVLEL<LLELJ[-SRSGEL
'LLGUMFTBY[LFILWL4]LTYIEKLJKuLOLuLLTK
'LL"QL4KIQKLGMBHVT)LLKSIW'L;0P-'LL
PT2GVLTUVFTBGLELTPTB2O[FTBK<LVTEIDLS
D.TMRGPQLGKSWL4KOFOLKBYMTN#LI'LI"
QL4LKIQKLGMBHELBY[TMJL7I;FTB'LTWL4KDLO
FTBNMMTWZYHLTEKC6HLTBVT)LLKSIZLTEOZ
VLFEJL7I;DVLC;"N6HLTBVTEHLGEGVLTUVMT
LHKIWL4KWL4]LTGYESDPT2MFAHLT KHT H4B
WL4KCMEIEIFSGEMLVLTBWL4KY[LFILUVSL
ELTQRELVIJ.KHIH4"
EC; W6 ZLTYLTB EL MLTQVL 'LL GE
WL4]LTGYEN3JLOVEIPAGOKELTSTuLGE
ikFksj ikapkyh
GJ2:F EI EHLVI DBYLZ PT2 E YLBP FTB

KHVTPLZTYKIDJGKPLKPT2UIPVMB LL;ELT
DLVEKSIH4"YKIDIWL4KKLTuLFKL;PT2MB LLLT
MT DT<LDKORYL; S'LLNMEL/LT7L)LLC; W*JX
UIPV ELT /LT7IFLT7I <LRGLLTB FTB FLYXZ
KHSTH4B"JL'LTKJLBQLZIYKIDIMTUXKHTCM
JGKPLK EI C1/LWLTB WL4K GVKLLL ELT D1QLTB
EIWLB<LLTB MT GO<LLSIH4"GJ2:FPT2WBSFTB
ORYL;DIFLKJ.ULSIH4"
NMPT2GJSLHGKHKDLHKY HR H4B"GJSLUD

ZL47ST H4B SLT WJVT D1QLTB PT2GZ SKHSKH
EIQIUTBZLSTH4B"PTORYL;PT2GZ EML.I
)LI ZL H4B ZTGEV LK WLVT JK N6HTB JSL
QZSLH4GEORYL;CMORGVLFTBVHIBKHI"
GJ2:F ELT KL7I WL4K WBSKL;7I -SK
JK EC; JRK-ELK GFZT" CVFTB KL7JGS
-PL;JOEWL4KKUSJOEJRK-ELK

LLGFZH4B"
PL;
GVOT;LEM3GUSKT
E'LLGP)LXGS)LXLLDBOLTJLL
J7E'LLM3GUSKT
WG)LV ELVX DVUI;> ELL DVUI;> MRDIK
DVUI;>NFLOLMYR*SL>ORYL;>QR6VIDLZLOTPI"
56
DY4KYKIDIPT2FE.ULZMT/R7ELKLVHIBGFZMESL"CVZLTYLTBELSP;2'LLGE)LLKSI
W'L;0P-'LLPT2GVLTUVFTB<LL]L6VPT2N3JLOVELTDLVTEIKLVIGSWPHIWJVLI
YC;'LI"KL5VT)LXGFMRLLKWL4KY[LFILGVL;VLTBPT2DIQMBMLLVPT2D7PLKTPT2GZ ELVXV
DVL "GVLTUVFTBMLFROLGEGPELMPT2EL;FS'LLGMBQLC;JGKLTUVLWLTBJKD.IKEF
<LQ;EKVTEIDLSFLVIYC;'LI"GVLTUVEIVIGSLWMJ2ZVHIBHRC"OKWMZ>CVEL
ELL;6PV#IEVHIB HRWL%LTBGE)LXGFMBJ6VSDPT2PT2JLMMLFLGUEWL4KKLUVIGSE
SLESuLOL'LI"CMPT2WGSGK%S> TMTZLTYLTBEI EOZIZH)LI'LIGEGOMKELK
GLJKuLOLVKLGL<LQ;EKSISD)LIY[LFILYKIDIEIGPEKLZMF-LELMFLLLV
VEKJLSI"
futh {ks=k cuke lkoZtfud {ks=k
ML)LLKLBEK
GPELMPT2ULTOLTULVTFLVTFL8.Z'LT>)LLKSVTNVFTBMTGEMIELTVHIBWJVLL"JXUIPLOI
FL8.ZFTB GPELMELELFJXL;SLGVUI\LTLPT2)LKLTMT HLTSLH4")LLKSVT HKL-SLVHIB
WJVLL")LLKSVTGPELMELMFLUPLOIFL8.Z)LIVHIBWJVLLGUMFTBGVUIMBJGLELT
<L3FEKGOLULSLH4 WL4KHKSKHPT2N3JLOVJKKL5ELGVBLLHLTSLH4"CVOLTVLTB
HIFL8.ZEIPR2/ EDLSLTBELTZTGZLYLWL4KWJVTOTLFTBC6HTBGFZTURZTJFTB
ZLYXGELYL"CMIELKL)LLKSIW'L;0P-'LLELT?GFG+SW'L;0P-'LLEHLULSLH4"
izLrqr dkVwZu esa lkoZtfud

vkSj futh {ks=k dk fookn
fn[kk;k x;k gS lkoZtfud
{ks=k osQ i{k esa osaQnzh;
eaf=k;ksa&ykycgknqj 'kkL=kh]
vthr izlkn tSu] oSQyk'k
ukFk dkVtw] txthou jke]
Vh-Vh- ".kkepkjh] Lo.kZ flag]
xqytkjh yky uank ,oa chosQ-osQldj vkfn dks fn[kk;k
x;k gSA
<LTSIGEMLVI>0LJLKWL4KN]LTYLTBEL ED.L)LLYGVUI\LTLPT2HL'LLTBFTBKHL"KL5VT
WJVTHL'LFTB)LLKIN]LTYLTBELTK<LLWL4KNMVTWLLLK)LXSLQLJ[OLVGEL"KL5VT0LJLK
ELGVFVGELWL4KGLPT2\LTLFTBPR2/D.TH-S\LTJGE "
CMSKHPT2GFZTURZT FL8.ZEIWLZLTQVLOG\LLJB'LIWL4KPLFJB'LI>OLTVLTB <LTFLTB MT
HRC;"WLZLTQELTBELEHVL'LLGELTUVLELKLTBVTGVUI\LTLELTJL;*SUYHVHIBOIH4WL4K
VHIGVUI\LTLPT2DPLKPT2GZ ELTC; NJLGELYLH4"GPLLZMLP;UGVE\LTLVT
SLESPKGVGHS-PL'LLT ELT <L.LGELH4 WL4KCV6-SGHSLTB VT GVPTLPT2GZ ZLCMTBM
S'LLJKGF7EIJ[LLZI<L.IEKPT2GVUIJXUIEIKLHFTBKLT.TW7EL H4B"CMPT2WGSGK%S
MKELKVT TMIQIuLLTB PT2WLLSJKDLLLWLOEIH4 GU6HTB LKTZX DLULKFTB DVLLUL
MESLHLT" TMIQIULTBPT2N3JLOVELDLuLLK ESKHMTJ[GS-JLL;GPHIVH4"CMEIPuLH
MTGVUI\LTLPT2JLMWJVTN3JLOLTBEIYRLPLLMRLLKVTW'LPLN6HTBM-SLEKVTEIELTC;
H.D.IVHIBKHI"MKELKVTWJVTGVBLLFTBuLKSMTuLOLQIuLTBK<LIH4B"CMMT)L[7LQLK
WL4KWPR2LZSLDIH4"
PR2/ TMTWLZLTQE)LI'LTULTMLTQST'LTGEMKELKELTGUSVLEKVLQLGH 'LLNSVL
NMVTVHIBGEL"CVWLZLTQELTBVTLVGOZLLGEUVSLEIGL\LLW'LPLGQGE3MLPT2
FOFTBMKELKVTPR2/<LLMLVKLGL<LQ;VHIBEI"MKELKVTPT2PZN6HIB\LTLLTBFTBH-S\LTJ
GELUHLGVUI\LTLULVTPT2GZ S4LKVHIB'LL"OKWMZ>MKELKVTCMSKHMTGVUI
\LTLEIFRVLJ2LEFLVT FTB FOOEI"CMPT2WGSGK%S>FOOYKIDLTB EIHLTVIQLGH 'LI
ZTGEVKL5PT2H-S\LTJPT2J2Z-PJ EVL?FPY;N#<L.LHRWLULTDY4K<LLM
GU&FTOLKIPT2FLT7ISV<PLHMGHSW6MRGPLWLTB ELT )LLTYKHLH4"CMWPGFTB YKIDI
FTB uLOLEFIVHIB WLC;@YKIDLTB ELJ[GSLSPR2ZUVMB<LFTB )LZT EFHRWLHLT ZTGEV
NVEIMB<LFTBDLTSKIHRC;H4"
eq[; ifj.kke
WLuLLO)LLKSPT2MLFVTSIVFR<QRVL4GSL'LIB"CVEIQQL;HLSIVWLLTBFTBEIYC;
H4"CVFTBSIMKIQRVL4SIMDMTEG#VMLGDSHRC;"GVLTGUSGPELMEILRWLSIELTGLLLTBELT
OTLPT2WLG'L;EGPELMWL4KM)LIVLYGKELTBEI)LZLC;PT2Z\FTBWLBGLEMJ2ZSLGFZI"
LRWLSIOL4KFTBHICMGOLLFTBD.TEOFVN#LJLVTEIW\LFSL EKLUVIGSEMF-L
PT2JFTBMLFVTWLC;"WMFLVGPELMMTGUVELTJ2LOLJHRQL'LLPTU:OIHIKLUVIGSE
JMTSLESPKHLTN#TWL4KCVPT2ELKLMDEI)LZLC;ELTLVFTBK<LEKGPELMEI
GOLLFTBEOFN#LVLWL4KFRGEZHLTYL"
DRGVLO
GVLTGUSGPELMPT2LRWLSIOL4KELFX:LBEVEKST MFHFTB CMDLSELT LVFTB
K<LVLHLTYLGECMIOL4KFTB)LLKSPT2WLYLFIWLG'L;EGPELMEIDRGVLOJ.I")LLKSPT2
CGSHLMEIPR2/MDMT D.IGPELMJGKLTUVL CMIWPGLFTB LRHRC"CMFTB GMBQLC;
WL4KGDUZIN3JLOVPT2GZ LREIYC;)LL<L.LVLBYZWL4KHIKLPR2.U4MIGPLLZDLL
JGKLTUVL LLGFZH4B"MLP;UGVE\LTLPT2PR2/)LLKIN]LTYU4MTC-JLSMBBL>STZLLTLE
57
58
ELK<LLVT>GPGVFL;SLCELCL>K\LLN3JLOVWLGOCMIWPGLFTBLRHR "CMOL4KFTBJGKPHV
WL4KMBQLKPT2WLLLK)LXSLQT FTB )LIEL*L2ICUL*L2LHRWL"DLOPT2MFFTB PR2/GPLLZ
JGKLTUVLWLTB EI<LXDWLZLTQVLHRC;"GJ2K)LI>DLOPT2MFEIWLG'L;EMBPAG GUMFTB
GVUI\LTLEIWLG'L;EMBPAG)LILLGFZH4
CMDRGVLOPT2DY4KMB)LPVHIBHLTJLSI"
)LXGFMRLLK
vjs! eSa rks Hkwfe lqkkjksa dks
feV~Vh dh xq.kokk lqkkjus dh
rduhd le>rk FkkA
UHLSEGL\LTLELMPLZH4>CMWPGLFTB)LXGFMRLLKPT2YB)LIKJ[LMHR "CVFTBMDMT
FHPJXL;WL4KMJ2ZJ[LMUFIBOLKIJ['LLELTMFL*SEKVTEL'LL"HJ['LLWBY[TUILLMV
PT2UFLVTMTQZIWLKHI'LI"CMMLHGMEEOFELTN#LVTMTUFIVNMPY;PT2HL'L
MTFR%SHRC;GUMTGLFTBELTC;GOZQ-JIVHIB'LI"CMMTKLUVIGSJKODODLELFK<LVT
EIUFIBOLKLTBEI\LFSL)LI L7I"uLFIVPT2/LT7T/LT7T7RE.LTBELT EML'LEKVTPT2J[LM
GE Y SLGE<LTSIELELFMRGPLLUVEHLTMPT2"HJ[LM)LIMJ2ZKHL")LXGFMRLLK
EIOLTW6ELTGLLLTBELT'LLT.IEFMJ2ZSLGFZI"HLZLBGECMDLSPT2GZ ELVXVDVL
Y GEELTC; 0G%SWGLESFGESVI)LXGFWJVT VLFJKK<LMESLH4 ZTGEVGUVPT2
JLMuLOLuLFIV'LIN6HLTBVTCMELVXVELSLT.<LLTUGZL"#IECMISKHULTELSELK
GEMIWL4KEIUFIVD7LC;JKULTSDLTKHT'LT>N6HTB)LIuLOLELVXVIMRK\LLJ[OLVEIYC;
ZTGEVCMELVXVJKLLOHIEHIBWFZHRWL"
59
<LL]MBE7
PT2OLEFTB GLEIOLLDOMT DOSKHLTSIYC;"WL4KPT2OLEFTB HI<LL]L6VPT2N3JLOVEIPAGOK>
UVMB<LEIPAGOKMTU4MTS4MTWJVTELTN2JKK<LJLC;'LI"MTPT2DIQOTLPT2WVTEGH-MLTBFTBMX<LLJ.L"CMI
WPGFTB)LLKSVTOLTRLTBELMLFVLGELWL4KNMTGPOTLIFRO[LPT2MBE7ELT)LITZVLJ.L"CMPT2DLKTFTBHFZLTYWYZTWL
FTBJTBYT"CVMLKIDLSLTBPT2ELKL<LL]L6VEI)LLKIEFIHLTYC;"OTLPT2WVTE)LLYLTBFTBWELZU4MIG-'LGSWLVJ.I"
GDHLKFTB<LL]L6VMBE7MDMTuLOLGPEKLZ'LL"HLG-'LGSZY)LYWELZU4MIHLTYC;'LI"GDHLKPT2M)LIGUZLTBFTB<LL]L6VEL
W)LLPD.TJ4FLVTJK'LL"CMKL5PT2GUZLTBFTBWVLUEIJ4OLPLKMLFL6G-'LGSEISRZVLFTBWLLIMT)LIEF'LI"CVFTBMT
JLQGUZTWJVIMLFL6J4OLPLKEISRZVLFTBFHU EGSHLC;HIWVLUNJULKHT'LT"
<LL]L6VPT2W)LLPFTB PR2JLTLLD.T J4FLVT JK*L42ZLWL4KCMVT YB)LIKJLKLGEL"WVRFLVPT2FRSLGDEGDHLKPT2WVTE
GH-MLTBFTBNMMFJ[GS0G%SJ[GSGOVELWLHLKP42ZLTKIMT L7EKP42ZLTKIHLTYL'LL>UDGE EMLFL6WLOFI
PT2GZ KLTuLLVLP42ZLTKIPT2WLHLKEIuLKSHLTSIH4"FTBGDHLKFTBFA3ROKGJ/ZTMLZEISRZVLFTBJ[GSLSD
YC;'LI"CVPLLT;BPT2OL4KLVGDHLKFTBNLK)LLKSPT2W6KL5LTBEISRZVLFTB<LL]L6VEIEIFSTB)LIEL*L2IDIB"WJT\LLSMFA
JBULDEISRZVLFTBYTHXWL4KQLPZGDHLKFTBOLTYRVTW'LPLNMMT)LIuLOLOLFLTBFTBGDEKHT'LT"MKELKVTNMP%S?uLLTGVBYL
CZLELDBOIEIVIGSWJVLK<LI'LI"CMEIPuLHMTGPG)L6VKL5LTBPT2DIQ<LL]L6VEL0LJLKVHIBHLTJLKHL'LL"CMVIGSPT2
ELKLNMP%SGDHLKFTB<LL]L6VEINJZ$LSLFTB)LLKIGYKLP7WLC;'LI" TMIOLLFTBMFLUPT2MDMTYKIDSDPT2JKMDMTuLOL
QLT7J.I"
<LL]MBE7PT2EC;JGKLLFHR "MKELKELTYTHXELWLLSEKVLJ.LWL4KGPOTLIFOO <LLMEKMBR%SKL5WFKIELEI

)LI-PIELKEKVIJ.I"WDLTUVLELKLTBPT2MLFVTJHZIJ[L'LGFESLSLTHI'LIGEGEMI)LISKH<LL]L6VPT2FLFZTFTBWL3FGV)L;KSL
HLGMZEIUL "JXKILTUVLJ[GLWL4KCMMTUR.IWLLLS'LLYP;DLTLELTCVDLSLTBMT EL%ELZYL"
60
GLEIDTHSKIWL4K<LTGSHKUVSLEI)LZLC;MTUR.ICVVIGSLTBELT#IE#IEWL4K
ELKYKSKIPT2MT WFZFTB ZLJLVLWLMLVVHIB 'LL" TMLS)LIHLT MESL'LLUDY[LFIL
)LXGFHIVUVSLZLFDBOHLTZTGEV)LX-PLFIDHRSSLESPK'LT"CVELKLUVIGSEKMX<L)LI
'LL"CMPUHMT)LXGFMRLLKPT2WVTEJ[-SLPLSLTELVXVELJVHIBZTMPT2LELVXV
DVVT JKFHUELYuLEILLT)LLDLST KHT"CMMT JSLQZSLH4 GEWLG'L;EVIGSGEMI
MFLUEIPL-SGPEKLUVIGSEG-'LGSELHIWBYHLTSIH4"CMMTH)LIuLLGHKHLTSLH4
GELIL;-'LVTSLWLTBEI)LZFVMLHSPT2DLPUXOJ[)LR3PMBJ6VMLFLGUEPY;HIHFTLLVIGS
PT2GVFL;LWL4KNMPT2GL6PVJKWJVLELKYKGVBLLK<LSLH4"
HGKSLBGS
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bl v;k; esa--WLuLLOIPT2DLOPT2LRWLSI

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bl v;k; esa--WLuLLOIPT2DLOPT2LRWLSI

GJ/ZT OLT WLLTB FTB HFVT JLGE-PSBL)LLKSPT2VTSLWLTB VT P42MT KL7GVFL;LWL4KZLTESBL

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WLuLLOIPT2MFGPELMPT2MPLZJKJ[FR<LFS)LTO%L'LT=%LCVFS)LTOLTB ELT MRZL