Subatomic Particles and their properties

subatomic particles symbol mass charge location

protons
neutrons electrons

p
n e-

1
1 0

+1
0 -1

in nucleus
in nucleus in shell

Atomic number is the order of an element in the Periodic Table. No two elements can have same atomic number. atomic number = number of protons= number of electrons Z = # p = # e-

e.g. atomic number of H =1 and C = 6

Mass number = number or protons + number of neutrons A= #p +#n e.g. mass number of C =12 and H = 1 Two elements may have same mass number Mass number is a whole number atomic mass unit is u

Isotopes
Isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but different mass number. e.g.

Isotopes of Chlorine

Relative atomic mass

This is the average mass of all the isotopes of an element. e.g. H = 1.01 Cl= 35.45 Li= 6.94