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HOTs SAINS PDF
HOTs SAINS PDF
HOTs SAINS PDF
2012
pendedahan awal tentang pelaksanaan HOTs dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (PdP)
Communication
Information Literacy
CRITICAL SKILLS
Collaboration
Problem Solving
Responsible Citizenship
Resnick (1987)
recall of information
or the
Schmalz (1973) LOT tasks requires a student to recall a fact, perform a simple operation ,
or solve a familiar type of problem. It DOES NOT require the student to work outside the familiar
Thompson 2008
generally characterized LOT as solving tasks
while working
in familiar
situations
to the
student.
thinking (HOT) as
nonalgorithmic.
HOT
as the use of
complex, non-algorithmic thinking to solve a task in which there is NOT a predictable, well-rehearsed approach or pathway explicitly suggested by the task, task instruction, or a worked out example.
HOT as solving
may be
solving tasks where an algorithm has not been taught or using known algorithms while working in unfamiliar contexts
or situations.
Higher-order questions promote learning because these types of questions require students to apply, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate information instead of simply recalling facts.
Creating - generating of new ideas, products or ways of viewing things (menjana idea, produk atau cara
baharu)
Analising seeing patterns and classifying information, concepts and theories into component parts (mengenalpasti corak dan menggelas
maklumat, konsep dan teori kepada komponen)
Applying - using information in another familiar situation (menggunakan maklumat dalam satu situasi lain) Understanding - explaining ideas or concepts
(menerangkan idea atau konsep)
Menghasilkan modal insan yang cerdas, kreatif dan inovatif bagi memenuhi cabaran abad ke-21 agar negara mampu bersaing di persada dunia.
If we want students to develop the capacity to think, reason, and problem solve then we need to
start with high-level,
Berubah daripada amalan hafalan kepada pemahaman yang mendalam. Meningkatkan tahap kesedaran dengan menganalisa, menyelesaikan masalah dan menilai serta mencipta Belajar mewajarkan penyelesaian dan penemuan Konsep sains boleh dipelajari dengan berkesan melalui HOTs.
berfikir
1.
Memastikan setiap murid melibatkan diri secara aktif dalam PdP. Memberi peluang murid berbincang, bertanya dan memberi pendapat. Mempelbagaikan strategi. Mengemukakan soalan membina, memimpin, terbuka serta menggalakkan penaakulan serta berfikir pada aras tinggi.
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2.
3. 4.
Murid belajar konsep sains berdasarkan penemuan yang mereka sendiri peroleh.
Inkuiri berlaku apabila terdapat kaitan antara konsep sains dengan soalan yang murid kemukakan dan mereka mencari jawapan melalui
penyiasatan.
Belajar dengan berkesan melalui aktiviti hands on dan berasaskan inkuiri. Seronok menyelesaikan masalah yang bermakna Memberi respon kepada soalan yang bermakna Belajar lebih baik melalui galakan berbanding hukuman Melihat dunia dari kaca mata mereka Memahami idea berkembang secara berperingkat dan berurutan
Murid:
Murid teruja apabila diberikan masalah luar dari kebiasaan, ketidakpastian, persoalan atau dilema.
Penyoalan
HOTs
KPS/KBSB
Belajar secara hands-on menghasilkan kefahaman yang mendalam untuk membolehkan mereka mengaplikasikannya dalam situasi yang
Inkuiri
baru.
able to do?
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan 2 blok di dalam 1000 cm3 air dan jadual di bawah menunjukkan ketumpatan bahan X dan Y Jadual
Rajah
Bahan
Isipadu (cm3)
Jisim (g)
Ketumpatan
(g/cm3)
8 8 1000
2 16 1000
0.25 2 1
1. Apakah ketumpatan bongkah X? 2. Apakah ketumpatan bongkah Y? 3. Perihalkan keadaan bongkah X dan Y di dalam air. 4. Berikan satu inferens mengenai kedudukan bongkah X di dalam air.
HOTS
HOTS
LOTS
LOTS
LOTS
HOTS
HOTS
Tidak memerlukan murid untuk menggunakan kemahiran berfikir pada aras tinggi. Operasi yang perlu digunakan adalah jelas.
Memerlukan tahap pemikiran pada aras tinggi. Meningkatkan kemahiran menaakul. Jawapan dan prosedur yang perlu digunakan tidak serta merta jelas. Menggalakkan lebih daripada satu cara penyelesaian dan strategi. Terdapat lebih daripada satu jawapan. Berupaya membentuk murid yang kreatif dan inovatif Memerlukan masa yang mencukupi untuk diselesaikan. Menggalakkan perbincangan dalam kumpulan dalan mendapatkan penyelesaian.
#1. In living things, large and complex molecules are broken down into small and simple molecules. What is this process called? A B C D Excretion Absorption Digestion Circulation
Domain: Knowing
Domain: Knowing
#3. The colour of an object such as an apple is the same as the colour of the light waves A. B. C. D. that travel through the object that are absorbed by the object that are reflected by the object that travel around the object
Domain: Applying
#4. Keith had influenza. He played a game with two friends. One of his friends caught influenza but the other did not.
What could have been the reason why one of his friends did NOT catch influenza? Domain: Applying
Sarah fell off her bicycle and spilled the bag of salt she was carrying. She collected the salt off the ground together with the sand and tree leaves and put the mixture in a plastic bag. In the table below, describe the steps used by Sarah to separate the salt from the mixture of salt, sand and leaves. State a reason for doing each step. The first step has been done for you.
Step Description of step Reasons for carrying out the step
1
2 3 4
Domain: Reasoning
Give one reason why it is recommended that young children and old people, in particular, should be vaccinated against influenza (flu).
Full Credit Code 1: Responses referring to young and/or old people having weaker immune systems than other people, or similar. Scoring Comment: The reason(s) given must refer to young or old people in particular not to everyone in general. Also, the response must indicate, directly or indirectly, that these people have weaker immune systems than other people not just that they are generally weaker. These people have less resistance to getting sick. The young and old cant fight off disease as easily as others. They are more likely to catch the flu. If they get the flu the effects are worse in these people. Because organisms of young children and older people are weaker. Old people get sick more easily. No Credit Code 0: Other responses. So they dont get the flu. They are weaker. They need help to fight the flu.
Bentangkan.
1. Adakan taklimat dalaman di sekolah masing-masing kepada semua guru Sains dan Matematik. 2. Gunakan aturcara dan tempoh masa taklimat seperti yang diterima. 3. Semua guru Sains & Matematik menggunakan soalan HOTS dalam pdp. 4. Guru Sains dan Matematik Tingkatan 1 perlu mula menyediakan murid untuk Gerak Gempur HOTsSM pada Jun dan Oktober 2013 dan 2014 untuk persediaan murid ke TIMSS 2014 dan PISA 2015. 5. Soalan dan skema pemarkahan Gerak Gempur akan disediakan secara berpusat dan pelaporan disediakan.
Terima Kasih