& INTERNET

(3)
TCP & IP

 TCP/IP
LAN WAN.

( routers,
gateways,) Internet.

.

. , . &

 TCP/IP

. , . &

 TCP/IP

. , . &

 TCP

(
TCP).


.
TCP ports.
. , . &

 TCP
,
.
.
TCP segments.
.
.

. , . &

 TCP

. , . &

 TCP

. , . &

 UDP

,
..
UDP

UDP (NFS, TFTP).

. , . &

 IP

IP
.

( ,
, ,).

. , . &

10

 IP

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11

 IP
4 bytes
.

(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, xxx = 0 255).

(Network ID)
(Host ID).
. , . &

12

 IP

. , . &

13

 IP

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14

 IP
Host ID 0
Network ID.
Host ID 1

Network ID.
Network ID 1
.
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15

 IP
Class B
.

Class A B.
Class
C, Internet.

. , . &

16

 &

IP subnet.
subnet (32 bits).

. , . &

17

 &

1
.
IP/mask: .. 192.3.4.16/30.

. , . &

18

 &

. , . &

19

 IPv6


128 bits.

.
real time.

. , . &

20

 IPv6
.
.
IPv4
(QoS, Mobile IP,).

. , . &

21

 IPv6
128 bits.
13 7.
header (40 bytes).
(extension
headers).
.

. , . &

22

 IPv6
(flow
label).
IP interface.
unicast ( interface),
multicast (interfaces )
anycast (interfaces ).

. , . &

23