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Hydronic, Pitfalls in Design PDF
Hydronic, Pitfalls in Design PDF
Hydronic, Pitfalls in Design PDF
ORANGE COUNTY ASHRAE 11/17/09 DINNER PROGRAM By: David Hernandez, P.E. Vice President Engineering Services Dawson Company
GUARANTEES BOILER REACHES MINIMUM INLET TEMPERATURE WITHIN THE MANUFACTURERS RECOMMENDED TIME LIMIT MAINTAINS MINIMUM INLET TEMPERATURE AT ALL TIMES
MULTIPLE BOILER PRIMARY/SECONDARY REVERSE RETURN ARRANGEMENT LOW TEMPERATURE RETURN (COLD RUN)
MULTIPLE BOILER PRIMARY/SECONDARY REVERSE RETURN ARRANGEMENT WITH COLD START AND BUFFER TANK
Condensing Boilers
UTILIZE LATENT HEAT GIVEN OFF BY FLUE GASES WHEN CONDENSATION OCCURS CAN REACH EFFICIENCIES UP TP 98% IF ENTERING BOILER WATER IS COOL ENOUGH ARE MORE EFFICIENT AT PART LOAD CONDITIONS WORK BEST IN SYSTEMS WITH LOW TEMPERATURE RETURN WATER SUCH AS WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMPS, POOLS AND DOMESTIC HOT WATER HAVE LARGE TURN DOWN RATIOS: AS HIGH AS 20:1
Be careful with marketing brochures that require comprehensive overview to get the whole story
Condensing boilers: Require low return water temperatures to achieve ultra high efficiencies Typically do not exceed 88% efficiency at full fire with entering water temperatures above 140F Are more efficient at part load
Combines non-condensing boilers with condensing boilers Non-condensing boilers are used for high heating load conditions Condensing boilers are used for low load conditions or when mild climate conditions prevail and boiler set point temperatures are set back
Parallel Pumping
500 GPM @ 100 Ft 1000 GPM @ 100 Ft
1000 GPM
PROVIDES ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL ADDS REDUNDANCY TWO SMALLER PUMPS REPLACE ONE LARGE PUMP
50% Duty Pump Duty Pump 50% Duty Pump 50% Duty Pump
dP Sensor
Pump Controller
Return
Pump 1
820 gpm @ 68 FT
System Curve
Pum p 1
Pum p 1 & 2
S y s te m C u rv e
Pump Staging
dP Sensor
Pump Controller
Return
PS/T
25 Head
80
Ft, (HD)
Control curve
60
Pump TDH
40 20
0 1600
Flow, (GPM)
100 90 80 70
Constant FlowSystem, Constant Speed Pump HD Matched to System @ (3 Way Valve etc.) Design Flow Constant Speed (2 Way Valves)
50 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40
V/S, 25% Variable HD Loss, 75% Constant HD Diff V/S, 50% Variable HD Loss, 50% Constant HD Diff V/S, 75% Variable HD Loss, 25% Constant HD Diff V/S, 100% Variable HD Loss
50 60
70 80 90
100 %
Flow
Questions?