School

Integration
Two perspectives of “Sit
Ins.”
Legislation
 Amendments

• 14th Amendment- rights of citizenship, due

process and equal protection of the laws.

• 15th Amendment- right to vote regardless on that

citizen's race or color.
 Plessy v. Ferguson

• 1896 legislation creating the idea of “separate

but equal”
 Three
Perspectives of
Integration
A Teacher’s Perspective
A Parent’s Perspective
A Student’s Perspective
Colored Schools
 Allen Elementary School
Greenville County

• First Black school in Greenville County

• Established by Rev. Charles T. Hopkins in 1866

• Built from materials taken from an abandoned

army storehouse

• Employed Greenville’s first black teachers (2

white teachers as well)
 Students
Greenville County
 Fountain Inn
Greenville County

•1928- First Negro school in Fountain Inn area

•Community growth = school additions
•1948-1953 became Fountain Inn Colored High
School
Fountain Inn
Greenville County
 Flat Rock
Greenville County

• 4 teachers, 121 pupils

• Grades 1-7

• Classrooms need
adequate lighting & School (Rosenwald)
ventilation

• Water supply is
inadequate

School Outhouse
 Teachers
Greenville County
Sterling High School
Greenville County
• Established in 1869

• Only public school for

blacks in Greenville for
years

• 1940s - extended grades to

12 years and broadened
curriculum
Sense of Pride
 Soapstone
Pickens County

• First Negro school in

Pickens; opened in 1870

• School held in this log

cabin until it rotted down

• Kerosene lamps used for

lighting

• Water from a nearby

residence
Built in 1929
 Brights Station
Pickens County
• First built in 1902 out of
slabs with a rock chimney

• used as both a church and a

school

• 2 room wooden structure

erected in 1936

• 1 teacher school, grades 1-

7

• One room used as a

classroom; other room used Built in 1936
as a kitchen/lunch room
Second Hand Supplies
 Clearview/Simpson
Pickens County
• 1900- 1927 Privately
owned, 1 room structure

• Running water but outdoor

toilets

• Largest Negro school in the

county

• Accredited in 1944
Clearview Basketball
Pickens County
Rosewood
Liberty Jr And SR Colored School

Pickens County

• 1906-1968

• Grades 1-8 until 1932

• Became an elementary
school in 1954

• Merged with Liberty

Elementary in 1969
 Holly Springs
Pickens County
• Log cabin Built in
1898

• Used until 1954

• One teacher, no
blackboards, and
children sat on
homemade benches

• Used water from a

church well
Greeley Institute
Anderson County

• Historic site honoring the

original location of Greeley
Institute

• Founded June 14, 1870

• Mostly white teachers in the late

1800’s, then replaced with black
teachers

• Started by freed slaves through

the support of the abolitionist
Horace Greeley
Anderson County
Old South Fant Street
School
Anderson County
• Built 1954 to replace the
Greeley Institute

• Located on 3 acres for the

school, plus 2.5 acres for
the playground

• The current land is used

for an early childhood
development center
Jefferson Avenue Elementary School
Anderson County
• Built on the site of the
Anderson city dump

• Given by the city of

Anderson for black
education, as it was located
in a predominantly black
area

• Contained 4 teachers,
including the teaching
principal

•Currently houses the Jim Ed

Rice Center
Focus on Practical
Trades
White Schools
 Paris High School
Greenville County

• First building was a

small, two room
wooden structure

• 1926 - brick building

built

• 1930 - 235 students &

10 teachers

• Up to 11th grade
taught until 1949
Greenville Students
 Greenville High
Greenville County

1941- Number one school in South Carolina

Teachers Greenville
County
Pickens Mill
Pickens County

• 1926-1953

• Textile school

• Progressive school of
that time
 Easley High School
Pickens County
• Built in 1894; used
until 1940
• Originally combined
grade and high
school
• First class graduated
in 1931
• Largest school in
Pickens County
Anderson High School
Girls School
• Built on the original plot
that housed the Southern
Home School
• Southern Home School was
a 1 room school built in
1878 for white students
•Used 1923 until 1961
• In 1951, “Girls High”
changed its name to “Hanna
High” after T.L. Hanna
• Housed the Anderson
County library through the
1990’s
• Now home to the Anderson
County Museum
Anderson High School
Boys School
• Opened in 1923 for
the education of white
males only

• Building housed
Boys’ High until 1962

• Currently houses the

Hanna-Westside
extension, offering
vocational education
classes
Anderson County
 A. J. Whittenberg
• “The children of our race
were brushed aside so
long and not getting a
proper education. Our
children were riding three
to four hours every day
on buses, and on the way
they were passing a lot of
white schools to get to
the all-Black schools. We
just felt they were
passing the doors of
schools they should be
allowed to attend.” -
Integration Legislation
 Briggs v. Elliott

• 1952 - Clarendon County, South Carolina

suit over school bus transportation
• 1954 - Combined with 4 other suits to
form Brown v. Board of Education.
Busing video
Brown v. Board of Education of
Topeka

• Overturned earlier rulings going back

to Plessy v. Ferguson.
• Unanimous (9-0) decision stated that
"separate educational facilities are
inherently unequal.”
 School
Integration
Begins…
Researched &
Presented by
Justin Bramblett
Amanda Brown
Kelsey Darity
Dennis Dempsey
Nancy Machamer
Heather Marion
James Palassis
Terrence Wilson
 Special Thanks To…
• Ms. Ruth Ann Butler
• Mrs. Nancy Ann Ledford
• Mrs. Wilma Jackson
• Ms. Rosanne Morris, Dr. Betty McDaniel, &
Dr. Henry Hunt-School District of Pickens
County
 Sources
• http://www.sciway3.net/greenville-historical-schools/index.html

• https://eastchestermhs.wikispaces.com/segregation+4b?f=print

• http://img125.imageshack.us/img125/7416/segregatedschool0sc.jpg

• http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3053/3026759596_62bc6c670d.jpg

• http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/documented-rights/exhibit/

• Famous Greenville Firsts. Researched by Southwest Area Challenge Students; Compiled and edited by Linda Friddle with technical
assistance from Leonette Neal. Greenville, SC. 1986.

• http://www.pickens.lib.sc.us/

• A History: The Schools of Pickens County. ISBN: 3-2964-00192-7234

• Images of America: Easley. ISBN: 13-978-0-7385-6706-8

• http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/pickens/S10817739013/index.htm

• http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/pickens/S10817739003/index.htm

• The Desegregation Decision-One Year Afterwards (Summer 1955) pp. 327-332. Journal of Negro Education. Vol 24. No. 3.

• A Description of the Buildings and Grounds of the Rural Schools for Negroes in Greenville County. Greenville County Council for
Community Development. December 1936.

• Profiles of Black Folks in Anderson County South Carolina . Gwendolyn Elease Anderson. The Reprint Company, Publishers
Spartanburg, SC 1993

• http://hanna.anderson5.net/modules/cms/pages.phtml?pageid=164