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Bai Tap Kim LoaiLTDHCo Dap An
Bai Tap Kim LoaiLTDHCo Dap An
Bai Tap Kim LoaiLTDHCo Dap An
BI TP PHN KIM LOI 1. Bit th tch 1 mol ca mi kim loi Al, Li, K tng ng l 10 (cm3 ! 13," (cm3 ! #$,3$ (cm3 , c% th tnh &'c kh(i l'ng )i*ng ca mi kim loi t)*n l+n l't l A, ",- (g.cm3 ! 1,$# (g.cm3 ! 0,/0 (g.cm3 1, 0,$3 (g.cm3 ! 0,/0 (g.cm3 ! ",- (g.cm3 B, ",- (g.cm3 ! 0,/0 (g.cm3 ! 0,$3 (g.cm3 D. 2,7 (g/cm3); 0,53 (g/cm3) ; 0,86 (g/cm3) 2. 123 no 4a3 &25 khng &6ng A, 7( 8l8ct)on 9 l:; ngoi c<ng ca ng35*n t= kim loi th>ng c% t (1 &n 38 B, 7( 8l8ct)on 9 l:; ngoi c<ng ca ng35*n t= ;hi kim th>ng c% t? # &n -8 C. Trong cng chu k, nguyn t k!m "o#! c$ %&n k'nh nh( h)n nguyn t *h! k!m @, A)ong c<ng nh%m A, 4( 8l8ct)on ngoi c<ng ca cBc ng35*n t= l CDng nha3 3. 123 no 4a3 &25 ng A, 7( 8l8ct)on 9 l:; ngoi c<ng ca ng35*n t= kim loi th>ng c% t? # &n -8 B, 7( 8l8ct)on 9 l:; ngoi c<ng ca ng35*n t= ;hi kim th>ng c% t? 1 &n 38 C. Trong cng chu k, nguyn t k!m "o#! c$ %&n k'nh "+n h)n nguyn t *h! k!m @, A)ong c<ng nh%m A, 4( 8l8ct)on ngoi c<ng ca cBc ng35*n t= th>ng khBc nha3 4. Kim loi nhE c% nhiF3 ng GHng t)ong kI th3Jt K &>i 4(ng l A, Lg ,. -" 1, M8 @, 13 5. 1N3 hOnh 8l8ct)on 4a3 &25 ng K:i ng35*n t= ca cBc ng35*n t( l+n l't l (a 14""4"";0341 (C 14""4"";034"3;0#4" (c 14""41 (G 14""4"";034"3;1 A, 1a, Pa, Li, Al B. ./, C/, 0!, -" 1, Pa, Li, Al, 1a @, Li, Pa, Al, 1a 6. Pg2m mQt lB kRm t)ong 100 ml G3ng GSch AgPT3 nUng &Q 0,1L, khi ;hVn ng kt th6c, th3 &'c A, ",10 g Ag B, 0,$# g Ag 1, 1,0" g Ag D. 1,08 g -g 7. Pg2m mQt lB kRm t)ong 100 ml G3ng GSch AgPT3 nUng &Q 0,1L, khi ;hVn ng kt th6c, kh(i l'ng lB kRm tWng th*m A, 0,0$ g ,. 1,51 g 1, 0,-$$ g @, 1,30 g 8. Pg2m mQt &inh 4Xt t)ong "00 ml G3ng GSch 137T#, 7a3 khi ;hVn ng kt th6c, lN5 &inh 4Wt )a khYi G3ng GSch, )=a nhE, lm khZ thN5 kh(i l'ng &inh 4Xt tWng th*m 1,0 gam, PUng &Q Can &+3 ca G3ng GSch 137T# l -. 12 B, 0,$L 1, "L @, 1,$L . Pg2m mQt KJt CDng &Ung c% kh(i l'ng 10 gam t)ong "$0 gam G3ng GSch AgPT3 #[, Khi lN5 KJt )a khYi G3ng GSch thO l'ng AgPT3 t)ong G3ng GSch giVm 1-[, Kh(i l'ng ca KJt 4a3 ;hVn ng l A, "-,00g ,. 10,76g 1, 11,0/g @, 1-,00g 1!. Pg2m mQt lB Pik8n t)ong cBc G3ng GSch lo\ng cBc m3(i 4a3] Lg1l", Pa1l, 13(PT3 ", Al1l3, ^n1l", _C(PT3 ", Pik8n 4R kh= &'c cBc m3(i A, Al1l3, ^n1l", _C(PT3 ", B, Al1l3, Lg1l", _C(PT3 ", 1, Lg1l", Pa1l, 13(PT3 " D. Cu(.33)2, 4%(.33)2. 11. `o tan $/ gam m3(i 137T#,$`"T Ko n:c &'c $00 ml G3ng GSch 137T#, 1ho G+n G+n CQt 4Xt Ko $0 ml G3ng GSch t)*n, kh3N5 nhE cho &n khi ht m3 aanh, L'ng 4Xt &\ tham gia ;hVn ng l A, ",$b/#g B, 0,0#b0g C. 1,2552g @, 1,b#//g 12. 1ho # cc; oai hoB d kh=] M8"e.M8! M83e.M8"e! Age.Ag ! 13"e.13, @\5 cc; a; th8o chiF3 tWng G+n KF tnh oai hoB K giVm G+n KF tnh kh= l -. 6728/67; Cu28/Cu ; 6738/6728; -g8/-g . 1, Age.Ag ! M83e.M8"e! 13"e.13! M8"e.M8, B, M83e.M8"e! M8"e.M8! Age.Ag ! 13"e.13, @, 13"e.13! M8"e.M8! M83e.M8"e! Age.Ag ,
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13. 1ho G3ng GSch M8"(7T# 3 tBc GHng K:i kim loi 13 &'c M87T# K 137T#, 1ho G3ng GSch 137T# tBc GHng K:i kim loi M8 &'c M87T# K 13, f3a cBc ;hVn ng aV5 )a ta thN5 tnh oai hoB ca cBc ion kim loi giVm G+n th8o G\5 4a3 A, 13"e ! M83e ! M8"e, B. 6738 ; Cu28 ; 6728. 1, 13"e ! M8"e ! M83e, @, M8"e ! 13"e ! M83e, 14. @3ng GSch M87T#c% lgn t; chNt 137T#, _hng ;hB; hoB hhc &n giVn & loi &'c t; chNt l A, &iin ;h2n G3ng GSch K:i &iin cjc t) &n khi ht m3 aanh B, ch35n " m3(i thnh hiG)oait, oait, kim loi )Ui ho tan CDng `"7T# lo\ng 1, thV Lg Ko G3ng GSch cho &n khi ht m3 aanh D. th9 67 :; <=o :ung :>ch, ch? *h9n @ng Aong rB! "Cc %( chDt rEn 15. k lm 4ch mQt loi th3l ng2n c% lgn cBc t; chNt kRm, thic, chO c% th G<ng cBch A, ho tan loi th3l ng2n n5 t)ong G3ng GSch `1l G B, ho tan loi th3l ng2n n5 t)ong aait `PT3 lo\ng, G, )Ui &iin ;h2n G3ng GSch C. khuDy "o#! thuF ngGn n=y trong :ung :>ch HgI3J "oKng, :; rB! "Cc :ung :>ch @, &(t n%ng loi th3l ng2n n5 K ho tan 4Vn ;hmm CDng aait `1l 16. Pg2m mQt lB _C t)ong G3ng GSch AgPT3 4a3 mQt th>i gian l'ng G3ng GSch tha5 &ni 0,/ gam, Khi &% kh(i l'ng lB _C A, khZng tha5 &ni B, giVm 0,/ g C. tLng 0,8 g @, giVm 0,bb g 17. Pg2m mQt lB kRm t)ong G3ng GSch m3(i 43noat c% cha #,#/ gam ion kim loi &iin tch "e, 7a3 ;hVn ng, kh(i l'ng lB kRm tWng th*m 1,// gam, 1Zng thc hoB hhc ca m3(i 43noat l A, 137T#, B, M87T#, 1, Pi7T#, D. C:I3J. 18. Pg2m mQt lB kRm t)ong G3ng GSch c% ho tan #,10 gam 1G7T#, _hVn ng aong, kh(i l'ng lB kRm tWng ",3$[, Kh(i l'ng lB kRm t):c khi ;hVn ng l A, 00 gam B, #0 gam C. 80 g/m @, 100 gam 1 . 1% cBc kim loi 14, M8, 1), p, Al, kQ cng ca ch6ng giVm G+n th8o th tj A, 14, M8, 1), p, Al, B, p, M8, 1), 14, Al C. Cr, M, 67, -", CN @, M8, p, 1), Al, 14 2!. 1% cBc kim loi T4, Li, Lg, M8, Ag, Al kh(i ca ch6ng tWng G+n th8o th tj A, T4, Li, Lg, M8, Ag B, Li, M8, Lg, T4, Ag 1, Li, Lg, M8, T4, Ag @. 0!, 2g, 67, -g, 3N 21. 1% cBc kim loi 13, Ag, M8, Al, A3, kQ Ggn &iin ca ch6ng giVm G+n th8o th tj -. -g, Cu, -u, -", 67 B, Ag, 13, M8, Al, A3 1, A3, Ag, 13, M8, Al @, Al, M8, 13, Ag, A3 22. 1% cBc kim loi 13, Ag, M8, Al, ^n, kQ Ggn nhiit ca ch6ng giVm G+n th8o th tj A, 13, Ag, M8, Al, ^n ,. -g, Cu, -", On, 67 1, Al, M8, ^n, 13, Ag @, Al, ^n, M8, 13, Ag 23. A)ong nhqng c23 4a3, c23 no khng &6ng A, A)ong h'; kim c% li*n kt kim loi hocc l li*n kt cQng hoB t)S B, Anh chNt ca h'; kim ;hH th3Qc Ko thnh ;h+n, cN3 to ca h'; kim C. HP* k!m c$ t'nh chDt ho& hCc kh&c t'nh chDt cQ/ c&c k!m "o#! t#o r/ chRng @, `'; kim c% tnh chNt KJt lr K tnh c hhc khBc nhiF3 cBc kim loi to )a ch6ng 24. A)ong nhqng c23 4a3, c23 no &6ng A, A)ong h'; kim c% li*n kt kim loi hocc l li*n kt ion B, Anh chNt ca h'; kim khZng ;hH th3Qc Ko thnh ;h+n, cN3 to ca h'; kim C. HP* k!m c$ t'nh chDt ho& hCc t;)ng tS t'nh chDt cQ/ c&c k!m "o#! t#o r/ chRng @, `'; kim c% tnh chNt KJt lr K tnh c hhc khBc nhiF3 cBc kim loi to )a ch6ng 25. A)ong nhqng c23 4a3, c23 no &6ng A, Anh Ggn &iin, Ggn nhiit ca h'; kim t(t hn cBc kim loi to )a ch6ng
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,. Th! t#o th=nh "!n kUt cVng ho& tr>, mWt XV 7"7ctron tS :o trong hP* k!m g!9m 1, `'; kim th>ng c% &Q cng ksm cBc kim loi to )a ch6ng @, Phiit &Q n%ng chV5 ca h'; kim th>ng cao hn 4o K:i cBc kim loi to )a ch6ng 26. A)ong nhqng c23 4a3, c23 no khng &6ng -. T'nh :Yn X!Zn, :Yn nh!Zt cQ/ hP* k!m t[t h)n c&c k!m "o#! t#o r/ chRng B, Khi to thnh li*n kt cQng hoB t)S, mJt &Q 8l8ct)on tj Go t)ong h'; kim giVm 1, `'; kim th>ng c% &Q cng K Gtn hn cBc kim loi to )a ch6ng @, Phiit &Q n%ng chV5 ca h'; kim th>ng thN; hn 4o K:i cBc kim loi to )a ch6ng 27. A)ong nhqng c23 4a3, c23 no khng &6ng A, `'; kim M8 u Ln &'c to C:i li*n kt kim loi B, `'; kim 7n u _C &'c to C:i li*n kt kim loi C. HP* k!m -uOn X;Pc t#o %+! "!n kUt k!m "o#! @, `'; kim M831 &'c to C:i li*n kt cQng hoB t)S 28. `o tan 0 gam h'; kim 13 u Ag t)ong G3ng GSch `PT3 to )a &'c 1#,0/ gam hn h'; m3(i 13(PT3 " K AgPT3, Ahnh ;h+n [ kh(i l'ng ca h'; kim l A, $0[ 13 K $0[ Ag ,. 6J\ Cu <= 36\ -g 1, 30[ 13 K 0#[ Ag @, 00[ 13 K #0[ Ag 2 . LQt loi &Ung tha3 cha 00[ 13 K #0[ ^n, `'; kim n5 c% cN3 to tinh th h'; chNt hoB hhc, 1Zng thc hoB hhc ca h'; kim l A, 13^n" B, 13"^n 1, 13"^n3 D. Cu3On2 3!. LQt h'; kim to C9i 13, Al c% cN3 to tinh th h'; chNt hoB hhc K c% cha 1",3[ l'ng nhZm, 1Zng thc hoB hhc ca h'; kim l -. Cu3-" B, 13Al3 1, 13"Al3 @, 133Al" 31. A)ong h'; kim Al u Pi c $ mol Al thO c% 0,$ mol Pi, Ahnh ;h+n [ ca h'; kim l A, 1/[ Al K /"[ Pi ,. 82\ -" <= 18\ .! 1, "0[ Al K /0[ Pi @, /0[ Al K "0[ Pi 32. `'; kim M8 u ^n c% cN3 to tinh th G3ng GSch )Xn, `o tan 1,10$ gam h'; kim n5 CDng G3ng GSch aait `1l G thoBt )a ##/ m" kh hiG)o (&ktc , Ahnh ;h+n [ ca h'; kim l A, -",0[ M8 K "/,0[ ^n B, -3,0[ M8 K "-,0[ ^n C. 72,1\ 67 <= 27,5\ On @, "-,0[ M8 K -3,0[ ^n 33. 1ho cBc c23 ;hBt Ci3 KF KS t) K cN3 to ca kim loi 4a3] (v ] `+3 ht cBc kim loi chw c% t? 18 &n 38 l:; ngoi c<ng, (vv ] ANt cV cBc ng35*n t( nh%m B &F3 l kim loi (vvv ] x t)ng thBi )Xn, &n chNt kim loi c% cN3 to tinh th (vy ] Li*n kt kim loi l li*n kt &'c hOnh thnh Go 4c h6t tng h tznh &iin giqa cBc ion Gng kim loi K l:; 8l8ct)on tj Go Phqng ;hBt Ci3 no &6ng { Ad 1hw c% v &6ng Bd 1hw c% v, vv &6ng 1d 1hw c% vy 4ai D] C9 ^, ^^, ^^^, ^_ X`u XRng 34. Kim loi c% nhqng tnh chNt KJt l ch3ng no 4a3 &25{ Ad Anh G|o, tnh Ggn &iin, nhiit &Q n%ng chV5 cao, ,]T'nh :ao, t'nh :Yn X!Zn <= nh!Zt, c$ &nh k!m. 1dAnh Ggn &iin K nhiit, c% kh(i l'ng )i*ng l:n, c% Bnh kim, @dAnh G|o, c% Bnh kim, )Nt cng, 35. @\5 kim loi no 4a3 &25 &\ &'c a; th8o chiF3 tWng G+n ca tnh kh={
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-] -", 2g, C/, T Bd K, 1a, Lg, Al 1d Al, Lg, K, 1a @d 1a, K, Lg, Al 36. k &iF3 ch cBc kim loi Pa, Lg, 1a t)ong cZng nghii;, ng>i ta G<ng cBch no t)ong cBc cBch 4a3{ Ad kiin ;h2n G3ng GSch m3(i clo)3a C\o ho tng ng c% KBch ngWn, Bd @<ng `" hocc 1T kh= oait kim loi tng ng 9 nhiit &Q cao, 1d @<ng kim loi K cho tBc GHng K:i G3ng GSch m3(i clo)3a tng ng, D] b!Zn *hGn n$ng ch9y mu[! c"oru/ kh/n t;)ng @ng. 37. Kt l3Jn no 4a3 &25 khZng &6ng KF tnh chNt ca h'; kim] Ad Li*n kt t)ong &a 4( tinh th h'; kim Kgn l li*n kt kim loi, ,] HP* k!m th;?ng :Yn nh!Zt <= :Yn X!Zn t[t h)n k!m "o#! nguyn chDt 1d kQ cng ca h'; kim th>ng l:n hn &Q cng ca kim loi ng35*n chNt, @d Phiit &Q n%ng chV5 ca h'; kim th>ng thN; hn nhiit &Q n%ng chV5 ca kim loi ng35*n chNt, 38. Kt l3Jn no 4a3 &25 khng &6ng{ Ad 1Bc thit CS mB5 m%c CDng kim loi ti; a6c K:i hi n:c 9 nhiit &Q cao c% khV nWng CS Wn mtn hoB hhc, Bd P(i thanh ^n K:i KY t3 th3l CDng ths; thO KY t3 th3l 4R &'c CVo Ki, 1d k &U KJt CDng ths; )a ngoi khZng kh mm thO &U KJt &% 4R CS Wn mtn &iin hoB, D] 2Vt m!Ung <( XB hV* "=m %cng NEt tGy (NEt tr&ng th!Uc) %> AGy A&t tWn %n trong, Xd trong kheng kh' fm thg In Nh %> Ln min tr;+c. 3 . Pg2m lB kRm t)ong G3ng GSch cha 0,1 mol 137T#, _hVn ng aong thN5 kh(i l'ng lB kRm] A] tWng 0,1 (g B] tWng 0,01 (g Cj g!9m 0,1 (g) @] khZng tha5 &ni 4!. 1% nhqng ;in &iin h%a &'c ghs; C9i cBc cc; oai h%a dkh= ch3mn 4a3] a, Pi"e. Pi K ^n"e. ^n C, 13"e. 13 K `g"e. `g c, Lg"e. _C"e. _C kiin cjc Gng ca cBc ;in &iin h%a l] A] _C, ^n, `g ,j .!, Hg, 4% 1] Pi, 13, Lg @] Lg, ^n, `g 41, 123 no &6ng t)ong cBc c23 4a3 ]A)ong Wn mtn &iin h%a, aV5 )a A, 4j Zai h%a 9 cjc Gng 1, 4j Zai h%a 9 cjc Gng K 4j kh= 9 cjc 2m B, 4j kh= 9 cjc 2m @. NS eA! h$/ k cSc Gm <= NS kh k cSc :;)ng 42. Khi &iin ;h2n G3ng GSch 131l" CDng &iin cjc t) t)ong mQt gi> K:i c>ng &Q Gtng &iin $ am;8, L'ng &Ung giVi ;h%ng 9 catZt l] -j 5,5(g) B] $,$(g 1]-,$(g @] -,b(g 43. _hBt Ci3 no 4a3 &25 l kh(ng &6ng A, }w 4Xt c% cZng thc hoB hhc l M83T#, a`"T, B. lm XBng c$ ceng th@c ho& hCc "= Cu(3H)2. CuC33. 1, 1Bc &U G<ng CDng 4Xt th>ng CS Wn mtn Go khZng &'c ch to t? M8 tinh khit m th>ng c% lgn cBc t; chNt khBc, @, A)ong ~3B t)Onh to thnh gw M8, 9 anZt aV5 )a ~3B t)Onh T" e"`"T e #8 #T` 44. 123 no 4a3 &25 &6ng -. 2!Ung hP* k!m On] Cu Xd trong kheng kh' fm %> *h& hny "= :o Ln min h$/ hCc B, A)ong hai cc; Zai h%a kh= 4a3] Al3e.Al K 13"e.13! Al3e khZng Zai h%a &'c 13 1, k &iF3 ch Pa ng>i ta &iin ;h2n Pa1l n%ng chV5
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@, `+3 ht cBc kim loi khZng oai hoB &'c Pe$,7e0 t)ong aait `PT3 , `"7T# a3(ng 4( Zai h%a thN; hn, 45. 123 no 4a3 &25 &6ng 1ho CQt 4Xt Ko G3ng GSch `1l 4a3 &% th*m ti; Ki giht G3ng GSch 137T #, f3an 4Bt thN5 hiin t'ng 4a3] A, Bht kh Ca5 l*n t K chJm hn l6c &+3, 1, KhZng c% Cht kh Ca5 l*n ,. ,Ct kh' %/y "n nh/nh <= nh!`u h)n "Rc Xou @, @3ng GSch khZng ch35n m3 46. 1% cBc kim loi Lg, Pi, 7n, 13, Kim loi no c% th G<ng & CVo Ki &iin h%a KY t3 Cin lm CDng ths;, A] Pi ,j 2g 1] 7n, @] 13 47. kUng kim loi tha5 th ion Cc t)ong G3ng GSch, kt ~3V c% &'c l 4j to thnh Cc kim loi K ion &Ung, kiF3 n5 chw )a )Dng] A, _hVn ng t)ao &ni aV5 )a C. Cp* oA!ho& ] kh -g8/-g c$ thU X!Zn cSc chufn c/o h)n Cu28/Cu B, Bc t tan hn &Ung @, Kim loi &Ung G CS kh= 48. 1ho Gtng &iin 3A &i ~3a mQt G3ng GSch &Ung (vv nit)at t)ong 1 gi> thO l'ng &Ung kt ta t)*n catot l] A, 1/," gam ,. 3,56 g/m 1, 31,/ gam @, -,1" gam 4 . Pg2m mQt lB M8 t)ong G3ng GSch 137T#,7a3 mQt th>i gian ;hVn ng, lN5 lB M8 )a )=a nh8, lm khZ, &8m c2n thN5 kh(i l'ng tWng th*m 1,0g, Kh(i l'ng 13 CBm t)*n lB M8 l -). 12,8g B , /,"g 1 , 0,#g @ , b,0g 5!. LQt cation kim loi L c% cN3 hOnh 8l8ct)on 9 l:; KY ngoi c<ng l] "4" ";0, yJ5, cN3 hOnh 8l8ct)on l:; KY ngoi c<ng ca ng35*n t= kim loi L khZng th l B , 34" 3;1 C). 3N2 3*3 A , 341 @ , 34" 51. 1ho cBc t)>ng h'; 4a3, t)>ng h'; kim loi CS Wn mtn &iin hoB l A , 1ho kim loi ^n Ko G3ng GSch `1l ,). Thq* c&c %on Xd trong kheng kh' fm 1 , k(t G25 M8 t)ong kh T" @ , 1ho kim loi 13 Ko G3ng GSch `PT3 lo\ng 52. LQt 4'i G25 13 n(i K:i mQt 4'i G25 M8 & ngoi khZng kh mm, 4a3 mQt th>i gian c% hiin t'ng A , @25 M8 K G25 13 CS &t ,). r chs n[! :Gy 67 %> mQn <= X@t 1 , x ch n(i G25 13 CS mn K &t @ , KhZng c% hiin t'ng gO 2 "e e "e 53. 1ho cBc ion]1a , K , _C , B) , 7T 4 , PT 3 , A)ong G3ng GSch, nhqng ion khZng CS &iin ;h2n l A , _C"e, 1a"e, B) , PT 3 ,). C/28, T8, I3 2 4 , .3 3 "e 1 , 1a"e, Ke, 7T 2 @ , 1a"e, Ke, 7T 2 4 , B) 4 , _C 54. LQt kim loi L tBc GHng &'c K:i G3ng GSch `1l, G3ng GSch 13(PT3 " , G3ng GSch `PT3 &cc ng3Qi,Kim loi L l A , Al B , Ag C). On @ , M8 55. 1ho cBc cc; oai hoB d kh= 4a3] ^n"e.^n ,13"e.13 , M8"e.M8, Bit tnh oai hoB ca cBc ion tWng G+n th8o th tj]^n"e ,M8"e ,13"e, tnh kh= giVm G+n th8o th tj] ^n, M8, 13, A)ong cBc ;hVn ng hoB hhc 4a3, ;hVn ng khZng aV5 )a l] -). Cu 8 67C"2 B , M8 e 131l" 1 , ^n e 131l" @ , ^n e M81l" 56. k tBch )i*ng t?ng kim loi )a khYi G3ng GSch cha &Ung th>i m3(i AgPT3 K _C(PT3 " , ng>i ta G<ng l+n l't cBc kim loi A , 13, M8 ,). 4%, 67 1 , Ag, _C @ , ^n, 13
T !ng TH"T # T ung $nh T ang *
57. 1ho 10,# gam hn h'; CQt gUm Lg, M8 tBc GHng K?a G K:i #00 mlG3ng GSch `1l, Kt th6c ;hVn ng th3 &'c 0,-" lit kh(&ktc , Ahnh ;h+n [ KF kh(i l'ng Lg, M8 K nUng &Q mol.l ca G3ng GSch `1l Can &+3 l+n l't l -). J6,15\; 53,85\; 1,52 B , 11,3b[! //,01[! 1,$L 1 , $3,/$[! #0,1$[! 1L @ , #0,1$[! $3,/$[! 1L 58. 1ho cBc G3ng GSch](a `1l ,(C KPT3 ,(c `1leKPT3 ,(G M8"(7T# 3 , BQt 13 CS ho tan t)ong cBc G3ng GSch -). (c), (:) B , (a , (C 1 , (a , (c @ , (C , (G 5 . 1ho cBc ;hng t)Onh &iin ;h2n 4a3, ;hng t)Onh Kit 4ai l G;GG A , #AgPT3 e "`"T #Ag e T" e#`PT3 G;GG B , "137T# e "`"T "13 e T" e"`"7T# G;nc 1 , "L1ln "L e n1l" G;nc D). J23H J282H23 6!. Phqng nh%m no G:i &25 ngoi ng35*n t( kim loi ctn c% ng35*n t( ;hi kim{ A, vA (t)? hiG)o K vvA ,. ^^^- XUn _^^^1, vB &n yvvv B @, `h lantan K hh actini 61. 1N3 hOnh ca ng35*n t= ha5 ion no G:i &25 &'c Ci3 Gin khZng &6ng{ A, 1) (^ "# A) 3G$#41 ,. 2n28 (O t 25) u-rv 3:3JN2 1, M83e (^ "0 A) 3G$ @, 13 (^ "b A) 3G10#41 62. Anh chNt KJt lr no G:i &25 ca kim loi khZng ;hVi Go cBc 8l8ct)on tj Go g25 )a{ A, nh kim, B, Anh G|o, C. T'nh c@ng. @, Anh Ggn &iin K nhiit, 63. @\5 4o 4Bnh tnh chNt KJt lr ca kim loi no G:i &25 l khZng &6ng{ A, @gn &iin K nhiit Ag 13 Al M8 B, Aw kh(i Li M8 T4, 1, Phiit &Q n%ng chV5 `g Al p D. T'nh c@ng CN w 67 w -" Cu w Cr 64. Anh chNt &cc t)ng ca kim loi l tnh kh= KO] A, Pg35*n t= kim loi th>ng c% $, 0, - 8l8ct)on l:; ngoi c<ng, ,. .guyn t k!m "o#! c$ nLng ";Png !on h$/ nh(. 1, Kim loi c% a3 h:ng nhJn th*m 8l8ct)on & &t &n cN3 t)6c CFn, @, Pg35*n t= kim loi c% &Q 2m &iin l:n, 65. 1ho ^n ^nd_C -. 80,63_
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o d",3d0,-0 "e "e A, ^n e Lg ^n e Lg 1, 13 e _C"e 13"e e _C d0,13 e0,3# ,. On 8 4%28 On28 8 4% @, 13 e Lg"e 13"e e Lg
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68. Kim loi no G:i &25 khZng ;hVn ng K:i n:c 9 &iF3 kiin th>ng{ A, Pa, B, Ba 1, 1a D. -". 6 . Kim loi no G:i &25 c% th tan t)ong G3ng GSch `1l{ -. In B, 13 1, Ag @, `g
7!. Kim loi no 4a3 &25 c% th &m5 4Xt )a khYi G3ng GSch m3(i M8(PT3 "{ A, Pi B, 7n C. On @, 13 71. LZ tV no G:i &25 khZng ;h< h'; K:i th nghiim nh6ng thanh M8 Ko G3ng GSch 137T # mQt th>i gian{ A, BF mct thanh kim loi c% m3 &Y B, @3ng GSch CS nht m3 C. Dung :>ch c$ m=u <=ng nGu @, Kh(i l'ng thanh kim loi tWng 72. LZ tV ;h< h'; K:i th nghiim nh6ng thanh 13 (G Ko G3ng GSch M81l3 l] A, BF mct thanh kim loi c% m3 t)Xng ,. Dung :>ch %> ty <=ng nGu zu/ A/nh 1, @3ng GSch c% m3 Kng n23 @, Kh(i l'ng thanh kim loi tWng 73. _hVn ng &iin ;h2n n%ng chV5 no G:i &25 CS Kit "#I 4Vn ;hmm{ "Al e 3."T" 2./ 8 32 8 H2 A, Al"T3 G;nc ,. 2./3H G;nc G;nc G;nc "Pa e 1l" 31a e P" 1, "Pa1l @, 1a3P" 74. kiin ;h2n &n ht 0,1 mol 13(PT 3 " t)ong G3ng GSch K:i &iin cjc t), thO 4a3 &iin ;h2n kh(i l'ng G3ng GSch &\ giVm Cao nhi*3 gam{ A, 1,0 gam B, 0,# gam, C. 8,0 g/m @, 1/,/ gam 75. Anh th tch kh (&ktc th3 &'c khi &iin ;h2n ht 0,1 mol Pa1l t)ong G3ng GSch K:i &iin cjc t), mng ngWn a(;, A, 0,""# lt B, 1,1"0 lt C. 2,2J0 "'t @, #,#/b lt 76. ng GHng no G:i &25 khZng ;hVi l ng GHng ca 4j &iin ;h2n] A, kiF3 ch mQt 4( kim loi, ;hi kim K h'; chNt, B. Theng zu/ c&c *h9n @ng Xd N9n N!nh r/ :ing X!Zn. 1, Ainh ch mQt 4( kim loi nh 13, _C, ^n, M8, Ag, A3, ,,, @, L ^n, 7n, Pi, Ag, A3, ,,, CVo Ki K t)ang t) kim loi, 77. kiin ;h2n (&iin cjc t) G3ng GSch cha 0,0" mol Pi7T # K:i c>ng &Q Gtng &iin $A t)ong 0 ;h6t "0 gi25, Kh(i l'ng catot tWng l*n CDng] A, 0,00 gam B, 0,10 gam C. 0,55 g/m @, 1,1/ gam 78, _hVn ng &iF3 ch kim loi no G:i &25 khZng th3Qc *h;)ng *h&* nh!Zt "uyZn{ A, 31T e M8"T3 "M8 e 31T" B, "Al e 1)"T3 "1) e Al"T3 1, `g7 e T" `g e 7T" D. On 8 CuI3J OnI3J 8 Cu 7 . _hVn ng &iF3 ch kim loi no G:i &25 th3Qc *h;)ng *h&* nh!Zt "uyZn{ A. C 8 On3 On 8 C3 B, Al"T3 "Al e 3."T" 1, Lg1l" Lg e 1l" @, ^n e "Ag(1P "d ^n(1P #"d e "Ag 8!. 1% nhqng KJt CDng 4Xt &'c m CDng nhqng kim loi khBc nha3 G:i &25, P3 cBc KJt n5 &F3 CS 425 4Bt 423 &n l:; 4Xt, thO KJt no Cw gw 4Xt chJm nhNt{ -. IEt tr&ng khm B, 7Xt t)Bng thic 1, 7Xt t)Bng nik8n @, 7Xt t)Bng &Ung 81. _hBt Ci3 no 4a3 &25 l khZng &6ng{
T ang -
A, Wn mtn kim loi l 4j h3l hoi kim loi K h'; kim G3:i tBc GHng ca mZi t)>ng a3ng ~3anh, ,. Ln min k!m "o#! "= mVt zu& trgnh ho& hCc trong X$ k!m "o#! %> Ln min %k! c&c /A't trong me! tr;?ng kheng kh'. 1, A)ong ~3B t)Onh Wn mtn, kim loi CS oai hoB thnh ion ca n% , @, Wn mtn kim loi &'c chia lm hai Gng] Wn mtn hoB hhc K Wn mtn &iin hoB , 82. _hBt Ci3 no 4a3 &25 l &6ng khi n%i KF Wn mtn hoB hhc, -. Ln min ho& hCc kheng "=m *h&t N!nh :ing X!Zn . B, Wn mtn hoB hhc lm ;hBt 4inh Gtng &iin mQt chiF3, 1, Kim loi tinh khit 4R khZng CS Wn mtn hoB hhc, @, yF CVn chNt, Wn mtn hoB hhc cng l mQt Gng ca Wn mtn &iin hoB, 83. kiF3 kiin & aV5 )a Wn mtn &iin hoB l] A, 1Bc &iin cjc ;hVi ti; a6c K:i nha3 hocc &'c n(i K:i nha3 CDng mQt G25 Ggn, B, 1Bc &iin cjc ;hVi &'c nh6ng t)ong G3ng GSch &iin l5, 1, 1Bc &iin cjc ;hVi khBc nha3 KF CVn chNt, D. C9 %/ X!`u k!Zn trn. 84 LQt chic chOa khoB lm CDng h'; kim 13dM8 CS )i a3(ng &B5 ging, 7a3 mQt th>i gian chic chOa khoB 4R] A, BS Wn mtn hoB hhc ,. ,> Ln min X!Zn ho& 1, KhZng CS Wn mtn @, Wn mtn &iin hoB hocc hoB hhc t3 th8o l'ng 13dM8 c% t)ong chOa khoB &%, 85. 1% mQt th3l th lm )i mQt &Ung $0 a3 lm CDng ^n a3(ng &B5 t3 K KZ tOnh ~3*n khZng nhct li &Ung a3 &%, A, kUng a3 )i 9 ch no Kgn ctn ng35*n 9 ch &% , ,. bBng Au %!Un mDt. 1, kB5 t3 CS thng G+n lm con t3 CS &Xm, @, kUng a3 ncng hn t):c nhiF3 l+n, 86. k CVo Ki nUi hi (73;G8 CDng ths; khYi CS Wn mtn, ng>i ta c% th l%t nhqng kim loi no 4a3 &25 Ko mct t)ong ca nUi hi, -. On hopc 2g. B, ^n hocc 1), 1, Ag hocc Lg, @, _C hocc _t, 87, A)*n c=a cBc &J; n:c CDng ths; th>ng thN5 c% gXn nhqng lB ^n mYng, Lm nh KJ5 l & ch(ng Wn mtn cBc c=a &J; th8o ;hng ;hB; no t)ong cBc ;hng ;hB; 4a3 &25] A, @<ng h'; kim ch(ng gw, B, _hng ;hB; ;h, 1, _hng ;hB; Cin &ni hoB hhc l:; CF mct, D. 4h;)ng *h&* X!Zn ho&. 88. A)ong cBc chNt 4a3] 13, Lg, Al, h'; kim AldAg, chNt no khi tBc GHng K:i G3ng GSch ` "7T# lo\ng giVi ;h%ng Cht kh `" nhiF3 nhNt] A, Al, ,. 2g <= -". 1, `'; kim AldAg, @, `'; kim Ald13, 8 . 1ho mQt thanh Al ti; a6c K:i 1 thanh ^n t)ong G3ng GSch `1l, 4R ~3an 4Bt &'c hiin t'ng] -. Th/nh -" t/n, %Ct kh' H2 tho&t r/ ty th/nh On. B, Ahanh ^n tan, Cht kh `" thoBt )a t? thanh Al, 1, 1V " thanh c<ng tan K Cht kh `" thoBt )a t? cV " thanh, @, Ahanh Al tan t):c, Cht kh `" thoBt )a t? thanh Al, !. 1% " chic thOa 4Xt nh nha3, mQt chic giq ng35*n ctn mQt chic CS Kcn cong c<ng &ct t)ong &iF3 kiin khZng kh mm nh nha3, `iin t'ng aV5 )a l] A, 1V " chic thOa &F3 khZng CS Wn mtn, B, 1V " chic thOa &F3 CS Wn mtn K:i t(c &Q nh nha3, C. Ch!Uc thg/ cong %> Ln min nh!`u h)n. @, 1hic thOa cong CS Wn mtn t hn,
T !ng TH"T # T ung $nh T ang .
1. LQt lB Al &'c n(i K:i mQt lB ^n 9 mQt &+3, &+3 ctn li ca " thanh kim loi &F3 &'c nh6ng t)ong GSch m3(i Wn, Ai ch n(i ca " thanh kim loi 4R aV5 )a ~3B t)Onh no] A, von ^n"e th3 th*m "8 & to ^n, B, von Al3e th3 th*m 38 & to Al, C. {"7ctron :! chuydn ty -" N/ng On. @, l8ct)on Gi ch35n t? ^n 4ang Al, 2. }iq cho CF mct kim loi l3Zn l3Zn 4ch , khZng c% C<n &Nt CBm Ko l mQt Ciin ;hB; & CVo Ki kim loi khZng CS Wn mtn, `\5 cho Cit nh KJ5 l &\ B; GHng ;hng ;hB; ch(ng Wn mtn no 4a3 &25, -. C&ch "! k!m "o#! <+! me! tr;?ng. B, @<ng ;hng ;hB; &iin hoB, 1, @<ng ;hng ;hB; Cin &ni hoB hhc l:; CF mct, @, @<ng ;hng ;hB; ;h,
T ang /