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ed;wp : http://ta.wikipedia.org

khzhf;fu;fSf;F tuyhw;iw mwptpf;Fk;nghUl;L ,f;fl;Liu jkpo;j;Jiw rhu;ghf ntspaplg;gLfpd;wJ.

The Pilgrim's Progress

nghOJ 34> gpg;utup>2012

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John Bunyan (28 November 1628 31 August 1688) was an English

which reveals Bunyan's inner life and his preparation for his appointed work isGrace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners (1666). It is a classic example of a spiritual autobiography, and thus is focused on his own spiritual

Christian writer and preacher who is famous for writing The Pilgrim's Progress. Though he was a Reformed Baptist, he is remembered in the Church of

England with a Lesser Festival on August 30th, and on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (US) on August 29th. Bunyan wrote The Pilgrim's Pro

journey; his motive in writing it was plainly to exalt the Christian concept of grace and to comfort those passing through experiences like his own.

gress in two parts, the first of which was published in London in 1678 and the second in 1684. He began the work in his first period of imprisonment, and probably finished it during the second. The earliest edition in which the two parts combined in one volume came in 1728. A third part falsely attributed to Bunyan appeared in 1693, and was reprinted as late as 1852. Its full title is The Pilgrim's Progress from This World to That Which Is to Come. The Pilgrim's Progress is arguably one of the most widely known allegories ever written, and has been extensively The above works have appeared in numerous editions. There are several noteworthy collections of editions Bunyan

of The Pilgrim's Progress.

became a popular preacher as well as a prolific author, though most of his works consist of expanded sermons. Though theology a he Baptist was preacher, a Puritan. in The

translated. Protestant missionaries comm only translated it as the first thing after the Bible. Two other successful works of

portrait his friend Robert White drew, which has often been reproduced, shows the attractiveness of his true character. He was tall, had reddish

Bunyan's are less well-known: The Life and Death of Mr. Badman (1680), an imaginary biography, and The Holy

War (1682), an allegory. A third book

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hair, prominent nose, a rather large mouth, and sparkling eyes. He was no scholar, except of

of Baptism (London, 1673 or 1674). The controversy resulted in the

Particular (Calvinistic) Baptists leaving the question of communion with the unbaptised open. Bunyan's church admitted paedobaptists to fellowship and finally became paedobaptist

the English Bible, but he knew scripture thoroughly. He was also influenced

by Martin Luther's Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, in the translation of 1575. Some time before his final release from prison Bunyan became involved in a controversy with Kiffin, Danvers, Deune, Paul, and others. In 1673 he published his Differences in Judgement about

(Congre gationalist). At one time, The Pilgrim's

Progress was considered the most widely read and translated book in the English language apart from the Bible. The charm of the work, which gives it wide appeal among old and young, learned and ignorant, readers of all possible schools of thought and theology, lies in the interest of a story in which the intense imagination of the writer makes characters, incidents, and scenes alike live in the

Water-Baptism no Bar to Communion, in which he took the ground that "the Church of Christ hath not warrant to keep out of the communion the Christian that is discovered to be a visible saint of the word, the Christian that walketh

according to his own light with God." While he owned "water baptism to be God's ordinance," he refused to make "an idol of it," as he thought those did who made the lack of it a ground for disfellowshipping those recognised as genuine Christians. Kiffin and Paul published a response in Serious Reflections (London, 1673), in which they argued in favour of the restriction of the Lord's Supper to

imagination of his readers as things actually known and remembered by themselves, in its touches of

tenderness and quaint humour, its bursts of heart-moving eloquence, and its pure, nervous,

idiomatic English. Macaulay has said, "Every reader knows the straight and narrow path as well as he knows a road on which he has been

backwards and forwards a hundred times," and he adds that "In England during the latter half of the

baptised believers, and received the approval of Henry Danvers in his Treatise

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seventeenth century there were only two minds which possessed the imaginative faculty in a very eminent degree. One of these minds produced the Paradise Lost, the other The Pilgrim's Progress." The images Bunyan uses in Pilgrim's Progress are but reflections of images from his own world; the strait gate is a version of the wicket gate at Elstow church, the Slough of Despond is a

reflection of Squitch Fen, a wet and mossy area near his cottage in

Harrowden, the Delectable Mountains are an image of the Chiltern Hills surrounding Bedfordshire. Even his characters, like the Evangelist as influenced by John Gifford, are reflections of real people. This pilgrimage was not only real for Bunyan as he lived it, but his portrait evoked this reality for his

William Wordsworth
P. Vinotha, Ist B.A. English.

William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 23 April 1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with

Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with the 1798 joint

readers. Rudyard Kipling once referred to Bunyan as the father of the novel, salvation's first Defoe. Bunyan wrote about 60 books and tracts, of which The Holy War ranks next to The Pilgrim's Progress in popularity.
Thanks: Literature in English M. Priyadharshini, I B.A. English.
st

publication Lyrical Ballads. Wordsworth's generally Prelude, a magnum to opus is be The

considered

semiautobiographical

poem of his early years which he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published, prior to which it was generally known as the poem "to Coleridge". Wordsworth was

Jspr;nra;jpfs;

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nksdkha; ,Uf;fhky;> G+f;fisg;Nghy;

Britain's Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death in 1850.

Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems (1798) "Simon Lee" "We are Seven" "Lines Written in Early Spring" "Expostulation and Reply" "The Tables Turned" "The Thorn" "Lines Composed A Few Miles above Tintern Abbey" Lyrical Ballads, with Other Poems (1800) Preface to the Lyrical Ballads "Strange fits of passion have I known" "She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways" "Three years she grew" "A Slumber Did my Spirit Seal" "I travelled among unknown men" "Lucy Gray" "The Two April Mornings" "Nutting" "The Ruined Cottage" "Michael" "The Kitten At Play" Poems, in Two Volumes (1807) "Resolution and Independence" "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" Also known as "Daffodils" "My Heart Leaps Up" "Ode: Intimations of Immortality" "Ode to Duty" "The Solitary Reaper" "Elegiac Stanzas" "Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802" "London, 1802" "The World Is Too Much with Us" Guide to the Lakes (1810) The Excursion (1814) Laodamia (1815, 1845) The Prelude (1850)

Thanks:www.sparknotes.com/poetry/wordsworth/

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