5.

2: Factoring Trinomials
Objectives:
Within the learning period, I will be able to Factor a trinomial whose leading coefficient is the number 1. Factor a polynomial by first factoring out the greatest common factor and then factoring the polynomial that remains.

Prepared by Jowelyn Joy Domocmat for EIS Algebra 1 Classes AY 2013-14

OUTLINE
1. Put in descending order of exponents like ax + bx + c and multiply a*c. 2. Find two numbers whose product is (a*c), BUT whose sum is b. 3. Rewrite ax + (larger factor)x + (smaller factor)x + c ( larger factor takes the same sign as b).

4. Factor the first pair of terms and factor the second pair of terms (by dividing out the common factor for each pair and if the 3rd term is negative, then factor it out also).
5. Factor out the common binomial factor. 6. Write as a pair of binomials.

Trinomial: x2 + bx + c Recall by using the FOIL method that

F O I L

(x + 2)(x + 4) = x2 + 4x + 2x + 8
= x2 + 6x + 8
To factor x2 + bx + c into (x + one #)(x + another #), note that b is the sum of the two numbers and c is the product of the two numbers. So well be looking for 2 numbers whose product is c and whose sum is b.

Note: there are fewer choices for the product, so thats why we start there first.

Example 1

Factor x + 6x + 8
Order and multiply a*c
Factors of 8 Sum of 6?

Find factors of (a*c), but their sum is b

Write the new polynomial Double Factor Factor the binomial Write a pair of binomials

1, 8 2, 4 -1, -8 -2,-4

9 6 -9 -6

x + 4x + 2x + 8
x(x+4) + 2(x+4) (x+2) (x+4)

Example 2

Factor x 4x - 21
Order and multiply a*c Find factors of (a*c), but their sum is b Rewrite the new polynomial Double Factor Factor the binomial Write a pair of binomials

Factors of 21 1,-21 3,-7 -1,21 -3,7

Sum of 4? -20 -4 20 4

x - 7x + 3x 21
x(x - 7) +3(x - 7) (x + 3) (x - 7)

Example 3

Factor y + 7y - 30
Factor 30 Sum of 7?

Order and multiply a*c

Find factors of (a*c), but their sum is b

Rewrite the new polynomial Double Factor

1, -30 2, -15 3, -10 5, -6 -1, 30 -2, 15 -3, 10 -5, 6

-29 -13 -7 -1 29 13 7 1

Factor the binomial

Write a pair of binomials

y+ 10y 3y 30 y(y+10) 3(y+10) (y - 3) (y + 10)

Example 4

Factor 2x 13x + 15
Order and multiply a*c

Find factors of (a*c), but their sum is b

Factors of 30 1, 30 2, 15 3, 10 5, 6 -1-, 30 -2, -15 -3, - 10 -5, -6 2x -10x -3x +15

Sum of 13? 31 17 13 11 -31 -17 -13 -11

Rewrite the new polynomial Double Factor

2x(x - 5) - 3(x - 5)

Factor the binomial

Write a pair of binomials

(2x 3)(x 5)

Example 5

Factor 15r + 44r + 21

Order and multiply a*c Find factors of (a*c), but their sum is b Factors of 315 1, 315 3, 105 5, 63 7, 45 Rewrite the new polynomial Double Factor Factor the binomial Write a pair of binomials 9, 35 15r + 35r + 9r +21 Sum of 44? 316 108 68 52 44

5r(3r +7) + 3(3r +7)

(5r + 3) (3r + 7)

Guided Practice: Problem Set 5.2

Factor the following trinomials.

5. a2 + 10a + 21
9. y2 10y + 21

(a + 3) (a + 7) (y 3) (y 7) (x 6) (x + 5) 2(x + 1) (x + 2) 100 (p 5) (p 8)

19. x2 x 30
27. 2x2 + 6x + 4

33. 100p2 1300p + 4000

Individual Practice - Homework

Problem Set 5.2, TB pp. 295 296 Multiples of 4 (numbers 4, 8,, 72)