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g ``Y f CG jf ````fEG ,dG

dG{
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j G
cCG cdG
a e Ya
z dGh CG

dG FdG GQG dG PJG Y H a YJ dG IG d bNEG

deB fc dG QeCG e dG g cCdH ,G PEH dG EG O J
ATCG Y ? eCG H e T dG dG Y b fGL a , e a
J dG dG JGOY Y cG ..c S C J d ,gREG dG
? JMW f dG d k FY J fCG Jh aJ
e fL e dEG fGh GREG UQ Y H e dG f SCH SG
JbNEG ,dG d d LH fCG k ShQO Y NEa , c dP e j
k ShQO d a , Uh de ``Qh bhh Ye K c QH ` JOhR
. M bCG EG e IOSGh QdG g UQ Y dd ;f
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f ANCG Q J M d
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. H Yh e a dGh , Y EG Gk Y

e N{
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.f e k c YCGh ,H bG :Q d SCG b ,HdG
f GQj CG jT e Wh ,jhe bCG KK EG dG Q G a
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218 oQI

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EG d NCj h ,IMGh ec dG dG a , j CG dG e W K
b jCGQ e Ea ? dG g Y e :d bh ,e SCG s a
o ,Gk L IU b
. e aCG h YCG k Vb dG
.VGe QeCG Vh j dG ,Q G SCGQ q Y : dG a

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n `

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C LH fCGh ,eCH e aY
e Ggh , dG Vh a dP J
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Analysis S.W.O.T
QJ Vh Y YJ IGOCG gh
. JM fGG gC eh S SCHh T
S.W.O.T
dG SCGh dG IGOCG Gg
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. dGh I dG fGL jh SGQO jW Y
Strength I dG fGL

Weakness dG fGL

1
GGh gGGh GQGh dG GQ dG gh
J L e IOaEG Y QOb fCGh , dG
J dG HjEG fGG Jh ,J G
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Y fhYjh ,k jCG e j e GQbh gGe J
Y Ib G J fCG c , JMW
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,dG JGQeh JGQb dH Jh f e k KGh J CG G e
UN GQbh gGe Y AbUCG e GOTEG JM N S cCdH
H YCG fCG ,T e cCG e Q J GPEG k UN ,cGh gUQG ,H J
,M e cCG FYEGh Me J H G h ,gQb e J a Z e
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:
.(a YCG dG jG dG hCG SDe Z idh) jd I dG f
.SDG hCG G hCG cdG id I dG f
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:
.jNBG idh jd GQGh dG GQ dG
. LfEG Yf
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Me e{
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, a gOLh e h ah a dG YCa , a gOLh dMG T
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.J H aCG fCG S FdG g H
VY Gk Te

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. HdG dG

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-1
-2
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2
ad LH fCG dG Jh , dP f eEHh EG dG QeCG
.k jCG dP f eEHh
: eCG
. QeCG Y e Z fCH k YfG jNBG J dHh ,e Z J CG
.j J h L Z e fCG
. daCG OhOQ h J c Y J h dG jS J CG
. J K eh OG bdG V dG e QeCH J CG
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z````````Yh ,``````````````a ``````````Y ````````e ````````L

,dh a A M hCG Z aJ a h VG jT J eY
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e h ec fEG Lj fCG k jf jh eDj SdG H ,AGOCG f
V fL h Gk MGh CN d j CG j fCG EG AfCG EG ddG e
e SGh dG fGL Y a ..eG e k Y a ,MGh J h MGh
H d b Me e hCG , ``jCG e j d e dEG Lh Ff
.XdG FGOCG J AKCG dhDe e SQ
jNBG f Lh e hCG f Lh e V H Fb V
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k ``````````YQh ```````b```````Y ``````````c EG A```````````````G{

```````YQh `````````Z ````````````Y ```````Y ````` ```````````````TCG
```` ````````````TCG ```````` ````````````dG ```````` ````````dG ``````````c
z``````````Lh ```````` ````c `````S``````````dG `````````Lh ```````Y
(

J {
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H J
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fEG L EG ..GQGh GQ d SG EG J CG j eCGh MCG
. HdG Y L
q Q ,JGQ H M ae h Yh hH ghCGh MCG AGQh
fC ,AG QW EG M AS a ,dG aJ fc I S fc
.GdG j CG jj MCG
H Mh M g EG J c :dCa ,dM j c f gG T a
?G
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fG a , dG ch HPG e QdGh GdG fG H gj NCGh
e J CG H Uh ICa SCG K ,dG Rhj Oc M H QWh ,d M
.bQO Jh , Y L Y a , J
fCGh ,dGh LCdh a , iL e c SG EG :H O gh d a
!HH VQCG Y eCG
:
SGQO jW Y SD d hCG OGaCd LQG hdG a dG Gg j
.QNCG hCG FGdGh MG UdG

Opportunities UdG 1
Threats GjdG hCG FGdG 2
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J j a k Ua a dG Gh jOG UJ CG Y j
dG J Y HGh ,Gk L UdG Y a ,JYG dG J G QGhOCGh
GgCG e Y j eh jDhQh dSQ Jf eEGh JGQb SG e
Uah ,YLG OQGeh Ue Y G Ua ,JM jQeh
e aGj L J ie Y G Uah ,MhQh Yh jL U
, b M fGh Xh dSG c IM Ua , JMWh JGQb
:g b dG UdG eCG e ,dG adG Uah
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,dEG gPG H eb Y JCJ CG I G Ua J , ef e bJh
fCGh QdGh dG QhJh dG ja gQfG fCGh H jCG CG fG
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OdG Z dG Ea ,IjG UdG Y k H k FGO Me Y LG
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:

dG Ua{
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zeCG
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G Vh j GJ CeG ,He eeCG :

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```````````````````````````````````Z````a
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````````` ``````````````````S ````````````` `````````````a`````````````N ```````````````````c ```````````````````` ````````````````````a
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z``````````` ```````````j ``````````````````````e ``````````` `````````````````````````````````dG Q```````````````````````````J
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227

jQGh Vh d eYEG jYdGh jhdG FSh CG EG fG H Qj c

QSG Lh cdG a , M Y VdG j b dG H I dG e
, dG h O d IYGe hH HdG Y J jdG HdG ZQ cj
!WQh EG d UdG CG H a j K e edH dG Qa
a `` `Hh , Y H K ``bh
LCG L bCa ,e h d k S j
Gg g :dCa ,dG dG iCGQh ,dG
?Y OQe
e j NCGh ,QhdH dG ga
G iZCGh ,e YCG Ae fEG : jh ,AG
EG j ,hJ Z e dG a , hdH
.X AGhQEG
dG ``NCG M , Z ih``j j h
Y ``bGh ,N e JM d VJ
jj Vh GPEG : b ,k e H Gj Sh
Y U , SCGQ Mh ,dG QG``L Y
. LNCGh jH NCG K ,LNh X
a EG Uhh ,fb Y YGh , X a dG a , dG H G a
.hj fG K ,k S dG
CG d ,G RdG jCG : bh dEG da , Y f Y e j G NCa
WQh bh h ,hG J CG b dG EG df , M Sj k Y SCGQ
228 oQI

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````````````````````V`````e ``````````````````G ````````````````b ```````` ````````L````````d Q``````````````````b{
``````````R I````````````````````Z ```````````````Y k ``````````````` ```````````````dR ```````````````Y ````````````````````a
```````HQ``````````````T `````````````````````fCG Gk ``````````````````````````````U `````````f``````````````````j h
```````L`````````````` `````````j````````` ``````````````````d`````````H ```````````````````c ````````````````````````a
(

Threats

Ge Y AGS , a ZJ hCG jJ e J e S fCG J e gh

. JM e hCG QhO CG hCG G hCG dG
:

.gQGSG hCG SGQdG EG ZG d k e SGQO e OLh Y

.c NO OLh Y hCG ,ddG e hCG ,e jO
:

. dG jQ ac fGe OYG Y
.jQhV GN d ac Xh ZGT OLh Y
dG J cdG YCG V Le SdG MdG QJ aN jb
.bdG Jh
````````````````NQ ````````````````G
GQOEG ````````j````````j````````J{
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` ``Yhh ```a````e EG
j S ```eCG O``L``H
Y H ,JGP M k S
,Gk L Gk eCG j fEa dG
Y e aCG H aa
g C O````Lh ``a````e
Y YS ``a````G
G GRG````MG ``NCG
J ``fCGh G Q``b
g d Sh ``e
G N e FGdG
``e QG````Jh I`` ```G
ae CG c ,``cQG``J
j IOLG FGdH
``M``````e `````````J
N ``e `````aCG IQh````e
jH N Vhh J
g M bG G ``eRCG KCJ e j ,QGdG
G bJ bCG a aJ J M eCG , FGdG hCG QNCG hCG GjdG
dG G CH f eCG QdG j a J Ea ,LG k f j d
.J e aCG g JG

AHG e{
A JG G
zdG
(

230 oQI

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f e{
S bGdG
zFGdG e

Gk ch ,LGe b e CGSCG k FGO hJ ddG FGdG CG g k jCG G eCG

g H dh ,gjh S G d e eCG e k ae c G : J e
V EG ,bJ dG H dh d J H f FGY fc FGdG
.adG
k f j k YV S Gk SCG CG j
dG Mh ````SCG ``N ,Gk ``j````T
.NdG g e j k V k Mh
N , G d fG
HH SCG a , G e dG
CG b NCG d ,BG e : bh , e
.YCGh iQCG
J d ,J CG j fCGh
aJ CG b N hCG e CG e
a ,d j SdG YS O
!V U

HdG{
J j dG
d LdG
zj G J
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fe fCG ,I G W FGdG OLd dgEG Y j dG FGdG e

.e M EG k e H QdG dG FGda , G afd
q CG Y OYG
,AdG jCG e j h ,f M Qhj CG Jh , SEG j
. G e ZdH , d dG e NoCG
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231

Qhj NCG d , G Y ca dG eCG ,QH AG VM e c dG bG

.fPCG k aN , jP aGQ gh f M
.V H SCGQ UGh eb dR ,hCG IQhdG eh
M ,bCG cCG h cQ j dG dG Y fCG c ! TCG e :QGN dh b
.bhh dfG , eCG AT c M ,g fCG
j AT SCG G j M fCG d k Y J d :RY I H d db
.AT UCG bdG Y eG

G Vh j GJ CeG ,He eeCG :

kvqB

AdG{
dG MdG
af CG j
zG g

-1
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UGdc ,QdG gGPCG e jh ,Q dG ShDhQ Y J I dG FG EG

AG T j eY OdG EG ..dG QU e jh ,ddG QTCG
,fK dG EG OJh , dG e a dG QU eCG , dG Qc EG j
J dG AYCG Y J ddG cCG CG a , dG g e I Gh
.dj e Z j b CN AGL dj SdG edGh ,QdG fGNEG Y
232 oQI

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````````````b ````````````````Y ```````e GPEG ````````j````````dG EG{

z````````````````dG ``````````H C```````````````j h ``````` G``````````````Y
)

( bO f :dG)-1

k e

d MGh hL H Y , HdG FG dG A e e J CG H
Jh ,jdG ( dG) dG
Gk MGh Gk e k H H fL EG
Rm GJh RGH dN e J Vd
UdGh , dG fh ,I dG f
.bGh GjdGh
UMG I dG f Y J eY
, dG H ``Yh Y `` `J CG
a ``U````dG ` ` Y ``````J ``e````Yh
ch b d CG QhdG
dG ddG jDhdG fEG , Y dG
.k fRGe

MCG j c H d GPh , dG bGj dG j CG a OYG

j NCa ,Qj gh H Oq J PEG ,AdG f gfG ch ,jG ge
MCG dG EG ga .IdG W jh ,GLh VVQ e HUCG Cjh
b ,VQCG Y e J GP !dG jCG jh :d b ,iL Y h ,fGL
.AdG e SJ CG
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G Vh j GJ gCeG ,He HQCG eeCG :

jB?Rq

qERq

kvqB

`D

QTCG GPEa , Me c Y Vhh fG f jd e dG Gg EG

Vh Y k VGQ c GPEG eCG ,k M MUEH a ,e k N g CG EG G Vd
. EG J e Jh d gL fCa Gk PEG ,gGdG
IL Hc GQb MU d jdG dG :1
jB?Rq

qERq

`FD^KmF=Q HAITQ ^KQK^^KRQ

n nqIT_Iss Sa&QF[oS
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jq

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jdG Id :3
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MGe e Me CG `` G VH FGO ae Y j dG Gg
U CG H Qj dd ,bfG Me Gk Q dh ,dG hCG dG
AGS GdG Udh ,CG J QdG ie d QhO H QG J Y
. FGdG hCG UdG gh LQG GdG hCG , dGh I dG fGL gh NGdG
bNEGh GREG hL ;H fL EG H KdG hGG J eY
VGh H aYh , f Y k MVh cCG Gk QJ fc fCG S jdG dGh
, bh JGH k Yh cCG U fCG S dG GH J Ie c ,CGJ jCG e
d ```eCG QS
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e f
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FdG e k MCG d YCG TCG H a ,Mh dh QdG MC c fEG : b
b k K iCGQ ,jdG SJ bh ,dMCH FS g a ,H Lj SQCGh ,dG
a ,k MGR EG L e j CG j j h G Y Y M ch T
CG Q j ch ?JM dG Gg j e :f
?j CG Q j gh ,I G AGdG g j
Va ,c a h bCG b SCH PEG dc g Hh
,fGh cJ K ,LM cCGh dG e H e Y
,SCG e J e cCG CG EG f j dG bCa
Sj ,G S : a .dEG j LdG HG ch
JCG fCGh G j f e gh d RdG
:CG a ,eCH dGh NCGh OYh JQC aSCGh
,SdG J Gk SCG J c Jh J SQCG EG
. GS j CG J k K J CG
Gk L a eCf CG J eh g e fCG EG j G g aGW ZQ
:jNBG h fCG UDfh e a fgPCG VGh d
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,S H hH d Jh fS G Y OYG hCG a ,H ah , cdG
H Qj G Ggh .SCG H e fS Y OYG dGh , x O EG
U G H a Tf CGh ,jdG Y Gk H k bGh fCG UDf CG
O dG e Qf CGh ,zJ h H SGh , j e Y UMG{ : Sh Y G
Y G J jdG Y G Y dh ,fdG Y Y hCG I``NBG Y Y c AGS
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