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Solutions ch07
Solutions ch07
Q. 1.
NEW
(i) _____ = e
OLD
p
3
____ = ___
5
10
p = 6 m/s
_
__
1
1
(iv) Loss = __Mu2 __Mv2
2
2
1
1
__
= (1)(49) __(1)(16)
2
2
1
= 16 __ J
2
= 2(6j ) 2(10j )
_
= 32j Ns
1
(iii) K.E.before = __(2)(10)2
2
= 100 J
1
K.E.after = __ (2)(6)2
2
= 36 J
Q
Q. 4.
(i) v2 = u2 + 2as
v2 = 02 + 2(9.8)(10)
_
= 84j Ns
1
1
(iii) Loss = __Mu2 __Mv2
2
2
1
1
__
2
= (6)(14) __(6)(0)2
2
2
= 588 J
___
(ii) l = Mv Mu
= (0.2)(10) (0.2)(20)
= 2 + 4 = 6 Ns
1
(iii) K.E.before = __(0.2)(20)2
2
= 40 J
1
K.E.after = __(0.2)(10)2
2
= 10 J
Loss = 40 10
= 30 J
Q. 3.
___
___
NEW
(i) _____ = e
OLD
v
____ = 0.5
20
v = 10 m/s
__
__
= (6)(0 ) (6)(14j )
= 64 J
v = 14 m/s
(ii) l = Mv Mu
Loss = 100 36
Q. 2.
= 11j Ns
___
___
= (1)(4j ) (1)(7j )
(ii) l = Mv Mu
__
(iii) l = Mv Mu
Q. 5.
Q
v = u2 + 2as
______________
= 0 + 2(9.8)(22.5)
= 21 m/s
NEW
(ii) _____ = e
OLD
v1
5
____ = __
7
21
v1 = 15 m/s
__
__
__
(iii) I = Mv 1 Mv
= (0.1)(15) (0.1)(21)
= 3.6 Ns
1
(iv) K.E.before = __(0.1)(21)2
2
= 22.05 J
1
K.E.after = __(0.1)(15)2
2
= 11.25 J
Loss = 22.05 11.25
= 10.8 J
Q. 6.
(i) Before
_
(Mass)
After
2kg
5i + pj
5i 8j
__
NEW
_____
= e
OLD
p
3
___ = __
4
8
p=6
Ans = 5i + 6j
1
1
1
1
(ii) __Mu2 __Mv2 = __(2)(25 + 64) __(2)(25 + 36)
2
2
2
2
= 28 J
_
__
___
(iii) l = Mv Mu
_
= 2(5i + 6j ) 2(5i 8j )
_
= 28j Ns
Q. 7.
(i) Before
_
(Mass)
8i 15j
NEW
_____
0.2 kg
1
(ii) K.E.before = __(4)(64 + 36)
2
= 200 J
After
__
8i + pj
1
K.E.after = __(4)(64 + 16)
2
= 160 J
= e
OLD
p
2
____ = __
5
15
5p = 30 p = 6
_
40
100
% Loss = ____ ____
200
1
= 20%
6 3
(iii) tan A = __ = __,
8 4
82
Fall in speed = 17 10
= 7 m/s
(iii) K.E.before =
1
__
(0.2)(17)2
2
= 28.9 J
1
K.E.after = __(0.2)(10)2
2
= 10 J
Loss = 28.9 10
= 18.9 J
Q. 8.
NEW
(i) _____ = e
OLD
4
___ = e
6
2
e = __
3
2
2
= __ = __
tan A _3 3
62
= 10 m/s
_
1
tan B
_____
_______
4 1
tan B = __ = __
8 2
Q. 9.
(i) Before
_
(Mass)
4i + 3j
0.2
After
__
pi + 3j
NEW
_____
= e
OLD
p
__ = 0.75
4
p = 3
__
__
Q. 10.
(i) u = 0, a = 9.8, s = 40
(i) u = 0, a = g, s = h
Q
Q. 11.
________
________
v = u2 + 2as
v = u2 + 2as
_____________
________
= 0 + 2(9.8)(40)
= 0 + 2gh
= 28 m/s
= 2gh
____
NEW
_____
= e
OLD
v1
1
____
= __
2
28
v1 = 14 m/s
v2
0 2e2gh
= _________ = e2h
2g
__
(Mass)
After
v cos Bi + v sin Bj
u cos Ai + u sin Aj
u cos A = u cos B
OLD
v=0
u2
s = _______
2a
= 10 m
NEW
_____
____
____
0 142
= _______
2(9.8)
__
= e
(iii) u = e 2gh , a = g,
v2 u2
s = _______
2a
Before
____
2gh
= e
v1 = e 2gh
Q. 12.
OLD
v1
_______
__
__
= e
u sin B
________ = e
u sin A
eu sin A = u sin B
Equation 2
()
__
()
___
3
4
(i) u = 20 __ i 20 __ j
5
5
_
__________
= 12i 16j
= 12 2 m/s
__
___
(ii) l = Mv Mu
10
__
= 28Mj Ns
Before
_
12i 16j
NEW
_____
(Mass)
After
12i + pj
= e
OLD
p
3
____ = __ p = 12
4
16
_
_
New Velocity = 12i + 12j
__
Magnitude = 28M Ns
1
1
(iii) __Mu2 __ Mv2
2
2
1
1
__
= M(144 + 256) __M(144 + 144)
2
2
= 56M J
(iv)
___
u = 25 cos Ai 25 sin Aj
New path
= 24i 7j
B
A=
Before
(Mass)
After
24i 7j
0.1
24i + pj
4
tan-1 3
NEW
_____
tan B = 1
= e
OLD
p
3
___ = __
7
7
B = 45
tan A + tan B
tan (A + B) = ______________
1 tan A tan B
tan B =
12
___
12
__
()
___
(i)
Magnitude = 1 Ns
1
(iii) K.E.before = __(0.1)(242 + (7)2)
2
= 31.25 J
1
K.E.after = __(0.1)(242 + 32)
2
= 29.25 J
7
tan A = ___
24
24
cos A = ___
25
7
sin A = ___
25
=2J
Before
__
After
u sin q = v cos q
NEW
_____
v cos qi + u sin qj
i velocity is unchanged
u sin q = v cos q
= u sin qi u cos qj
v = v cos qi + v sin qj
(Mass)
u sin qi u cos qj
90 q
____
Equation 1
= e
OLD
v sin q
2
_________ = ___
3
u cos q
3v sin q = 2u cos q Equation 2
= 0.1(24i + 3j ) 0.1(24i 7j )
= 1j Ns
= 24.2 m/s
__
(ii) I = Mv Mu
Q. 15.
________
_
4
3+1
= 7
= _________
1 _43 (1)
Q. 14.
p=3
Dividing 2 by 1 gives:
3v ___
2u
___
u = v
2
v2 = __u2
3
21
__
1
__
2
Mv = __Mu2
32
2
2
__
of the energy is preserved.
3
1
__
of the energy has been lost.
3
Exercise 7B
Q. 1.
velocities
after impact are 5i m/s
_
and i m/s
(i) Before
(Mass)
After
6i
pi
4i
qi
_
_
__
__
___
(ii) I = Mv Mu
= 7i Ns
impulse imparted to
first sphere
2p + q = 16 Equation 1
Impulse imparted to
_
second sphere = 7i Ns
pq
______
1
= __
2
64
2p 2q = 2
p q = 1 Equation 2
1
1
(iii) K.E.before = __(1)(2)2 + __(1)(6)2
2
2
= 20 J
1
1
K.E.after = __(1)(5)2 + __(1)(1)2
2
2
= 13 J
Loss = 20 13
is 5i m/s
=7J
Velocity
of 1 kg sphere after impact is
_
7
% Loss = ___ 100 = 35%
20
6i m/s
(ii)
1
1
K.E.before = __(2)(6)2 + __(1)(4)2
2
2
= 44 J
K.E.after =
1
__
(2)(5)2
2
= 43 J
1
__
2
Q. 3.
Q
(i) Before
(Mass)
After
10i
0i
qi
__
(1)(6)2
0q
_______
(Mass)
After
2i
pi
6i
qi
10 1
(ii) 7 m/s
_
3
= __
4
4p 4q = 24
p q = 6 Equation 2
Adding equations 1 and 2 we get
2p = 10
p = 5
q=1
____
____
= 3(0i ) 3(10i )
p + q = 4 Equation 1
2+6
= e
q 7
e = __ = __
9 9
pq
______
__
q=7
=1J
(i) Before
Loss = 44 43
Q. 2.
= 1(5i ) 1(2i )
___
= 30i Ns
____
____
l2 = Mv2 Mu2
_
Q. 4.
(i) Before
(Mass)
After
3v
pq
_______
1
= __
2
10 0
p q = 5
Solving these gives p = 1, q = 6.
Answer: 1 m/s and 6 m/s.
1
1
(ii) K.E.Before = __(2)(10)2 + __(3)(0)2
2
2
= 100 J
5v = 10 v = 2
v 3v
(ii) ______ = e
50
4
4
___ = e e = __
5
5
1
1
__
__
(iii) K.E.before = (2)(5)2 + (1)(0)2
2
2
= 25 J
1
1
K.E.After = __(2)(1)2 + __(3)(6)2
2
2
= 55 J
Loss = 100 55 = 45 J
(iii) To find the acceleration:
1
1
K.E.after = __(2)(2)2 + __(1)(6)2
2
2
v = u + at
= 22 J
Q. 5.
0 = 6 + a(2)
Loss = 25 22 = 3 J
a = 3
3
% Loss = ___ 100 = 12%
25
(i) Before
(Mass)
After
6i
pi
4i
qi
F = Ma
F = (3) (3) = 9 N
__
__
5(6) + 3(4) = 5p + 3q
v2 = u2 + 2as
5p + 3q = 18
pq
______
6+4
0 = (6)2 + 2(3)s
1
= __
3
s=6m
3p 3q = 10
13
Solving these gives p = 1, q = ___.
3
1
1
(ii) Loss = __Mu2 __Mv2
2
2
1
1
__
= (5)(6)2 __(5)(1)2
2
2
1
= 87__ J
2
_
( )
__
___
13
(iii) Mv Mu = 3 ___i 3(4i )
3
_
= 25i Ns
Q. 6.
(i) Before
To find power:
Work
Power = _____
Time
54
= ___ = 27 W
2
Q.
Q 7.
(i)
Before
(Mass)
After
A:
4i
pi
B:
0i
qi
_
_
(Mass)
After
10i
pi
p+q=4
0i
qi
pq
______
2(10) + 3(0) = 2p + 3q
2p + 3q = 20
W = Fs = 9(6) = 54 J
__
__
__
__
M(4) + M(0) = Mp + Mq
40
1
= __
2
p q = 2
Solving these gives p = 1, q = 3.
Speed of B is 3 m/s.
(ii)
Before
(Mass)
After
B:
3i
ai
C:
0i
bi
_
_
__
(ii)
__
Q.
Q 10.
a+b=3
(i)
ab
______
1
= __
30
2
3
__
ab=
2
Before
(Mass)
After
A:
B:
1
1
(iii) K.E.before = __(4)(v)2 + __(2)(v)2
2
2
+
v2
3v2
= v2
Loss = 3v2 v2 = 2v2
2v2
2
% Loss = ___2 100 = 66__%
3
3v
(Mass)
After
2i
11ki
13ki
__
__
A:
6i
pi
B:
0i
qi
__
Before
(Mass)
After
B:
5i
ai
C:
0i
bi
__
__
_
_
__
__
M(5) + M(0) = Ma + Mb
a+b=5
ab
______
2
= ___
3
10
a b = ____
3
50
25
5
Solving these gives a = __, b = ___.
6
6
5 25
Their speeds now are 1, __, ___ m/s.
6 6
(iii)
A:
1
1
K.E.after = __(4)(0)2 + __(2)(v)2
2
2
After
0p
(ii) ________ = e
v (v)
v
1
___ = e e = __
2v
2
(i) Before
(Mass)
2
= ___
3
60
p q = 4
Q. 9.
pq
______
2p = 2v p = v
Before
p+q=6
2v2
= e
M(6) + M(0) = Mp + Mq
3
1
Solving these gives a = __, b = 2__.
4
4
3
__
Speed of B is m/s.
4
Yes, because A will catch up with B,
since vA > vB
(i)
21
1
e = __
4
M(3) + M(0) = Ma + Mb
Q. 8.
13
__
__
11
8 8
_______
B:
Before
(Mass)
After
1i
_
5
__
i
6
ci
di
__
__
()
5
M(1) + M __ = Mc + Md
6
11
c + d = ___
6
cd
2
_____
= __
3
1 _56
1
c d = __
9
35
31
Solving these gives: c = ___, d = ___
36
36
31 35 25
Their speeds are ___, ___, ___ m/s
36 36 6
Since vA < vB < vC, there will be no
further collisions.
Q. 11.
Before
_
10i
5i
(Mass)
After
10
pi
50
qi
F = ma
__
F = (2)(22.5)
__
= 45 N
pq
1
_______
= __
2
10 + 5
(i) Before
35
5
Solving these gives p = ___, q = __.
4
4
3
1
The speeds are 8__ m/s and 1__ m/s.
4
___
__
___ 4
l1 = Mv Mu
0i
vi
3M
qi
0q
______
u+v
u 3v
= ________
3u + 3v
QED
(ii) e 0
u 3v
________ 0
3u + 3v
u 3v 0
u 3v QED
Q. 14.
Q
Before
(Mass)
After
5i
pi
qi
__
__
__
v = 19.6
Rebound speed = (0.8)(19.6)
= 15.68
v2 = u2 + 2as
02 = (15.68)2 + 2(9.8)s
p = 7 2q
pq
______
= e
51
4e = p q
s = 12.544 m
Gun
= (7 2q) q
Bullet
= e
q
e = _____
u+v
= 187.5 Ns
Bullet
__
u 3v
q = ______
3
( )
(c) Gun
35
= 10 ___ 10(10)
4
(b)
After
ui
__
2p 2q = 15
Q. 12.
(Mass)
__
= 7 3q
3q 7
e = _______
4
If there are to be no more collisions vB vC
q3
3q 7
3(3) 7 1
If q 3 then e = _______ ________ = __
4
4
2
1
Answer: MAX Value = __
2
Q. 15.
Before
(Mass)
After
u1i
v1i
u2i
qi
_
_
__
v1 q = eu1 + eu2
1
But q = __(3u1 + 4u2 3v1)
4
1
v1 __(3u1 + 4u2 3v1)= eu1 + eu2
4
4v1 3u1 4u2 + 3v1 = 4eu1 + 4eu2
7v1 = u1(3 4e) + 4u2(1 + e) QED
1
I = 3v1 3u1. But v1 = __(u1(3 4e) + 4u2(1 + e))
7
3
__
I = (u1(3 4e) + 4u2(1 + e)) 3u1
7
3
= __(3u1 4eu1 + 4u2 + 4eu2 7u1)
7
3
= __(4u1 4eu1 + 4u2 + 4eu2)
7
12
___
= (u1 eu1 + u2 + eu2)
7
12
= ___(u1(1 + e) + u2(1 + e))
7
12
= ___ (1 + e)(u2 u1) QED
7
Q
Q. 16.
16
(i)
Before
B
f
(M
(Mass))
Aft
After
P:
4u
3m
2u
Q:
2u
5m
5q = 16u
16u
q = ____
5
4u 2u
Equation 1
= e
p q = 2eu
2u q
________
= e
4u 2u
2u q
_______ = e
2u
2u q = 2eu
3p + 3q = 6eu
multiply by 3
Equation 2
16u
____
5
12u + 10u = 6u + 5q
2u(1 + e) =
1 + e = 1.6
e = 0.6
q = 2u(1 + e)
5(1 + e)) = 8
16u
____
5
multiply
5
by ___
2u
8q = 2u(11 + 3e)
u
q = __(11 + 3e) minimum value
4
occurs when e = 0
u
__
q = (11) = 2.75u
4
Q. 17.
(i) Before
(Mass)
After
4m
2m
divide by 2m
Equation 1
pq
______
= e
u0
p q = eu
Equation 2
u2
4u2
= 2m __ (2 e)2] + m[____(1 + e)2
9
9
2mu2
= _____[ 4 4e + e2 + 2(1 + 2e + e2) ]
9
2mu2
= _____[3e2 + 6]
9
2mu2
= _____ (e2 + 2)
3
Q. 18.
Q
18
(i) B
Before
f
(M
(Mass))
Aft
After
2u
Equation 1
= e
p q = 2eu
10
Addi
Adding equations
i
1 and
d 2 we get
2p = 2u(1 e)
p = u(1 e) speed of 1st sphere
after impact
q = p + 2eu from Equation 1
q = u(1 e) + 2eu
q = u eu + 2eu
q = u + eu
Equation 2
speed = u(1 + e)
distance = 1 metre
time =
2e
distance = eu(1 + e) ______________
u(1 + e)(1 + e2)
distance
________
speed
2e2
= ______2
1+e
1
= ________ s
u(1 + e)
Find the distance travelled by other
sphere in this time.
speed = u(1 e)
1
time = ________
u(1 + e)
distance = speed time
1
= u(1 e) ________
u(1 + e)
1e
= _____
1+e
1e
distance apart = 1 _____
1+e
1+e1+e
= _____________
1+e
2e
_____
=
1+e
(iii) Find the speed of sphere after
colliding with wall.
NEW
_____
= e
OLD
v
________
= e
u(1 + e)
v = eu(1 + e)
____
Q
Q. 19.
(ii) Before
(Mass)
After
0.6
0.8
__
g
__
2
__
( )
g
0.6 __ + 0.8(0) = 0.6(p) + 0.8(q)
2
multiply by 5
__
g
3p + 4q = 3 __
2
p
q
1
_______
__
= ___
g
11
_
2 0
Equation 1
__
g
11p 11q = __
2
Equation 2
__
g
33p + 44q = 33 __
2
vA = u(1 e)
Eq. 1 (11):
vB = eu(1 + e)
g
Eq. 2 ( 3): 33p + 33q = 3 __
2 add
____
______
____
____
vAB = vA vB
__
__
g
77q = 36 __
2
= u(1 e) + eu(1 + e)
= u eu + eu + e2u
= u(1 +
q=
e2)
relative distance
time = ______________
relative speed
=
=
____
2e
1+e
________
u(1 + e2)
p=
__
g
_
3
2 4q
_________
36
___
__
g
__
77 2
= 1.03 m/s
from Equation 1
p = 0.84 m/s
2e
______________
u(1 + e)(1 + e2)
11
Q. 20.
(i) Before
u
0
(Mass)
m
3m
After
p
q
divide by m
Equation 1
pq
______
= e
u0
p + q = eu
Equation 2
3m u2
m u2
= __ ___(1 6e + 9e2) + ___ ___(1 + 2e + e2)
2 16
2 16
mu2
[
[
3e2 1
mu2
= ____ 1 ___ __
4
4
2
mu2 4 3e2 1
= ____ ___________
4
2
]
]
mu2
= ____(3 3e2)
8
3mu2
= _____(1 e2)
8
1
__
(iii) Let e =
4
( )
3mu2 15
45mu2
Loss = _____ ___ = ______
8 16
128
45mu2
_____
128
_____
% Loss =
100
___
mu2
2
45
= ___ 100 = 70%
64
12
3
__
4
100
= 75%
___
Exercise 7C
__
___
(iii) l1 = Mv Mu
_
= 2(3i + 4j ) 2(3i + 4j )
Q. 1.
(i) Before
(Mass)
After
4i + 3j
pi + 3j
i + 2j
qi + 2j
__
__
__
= 12i Ns
The magnitude of the impulse is 12 Ns.
Q
Q. 3.
(Mass)
6i + j
_
p+q=5
2i 5j
pq
______
1
= __
3
41
p q = 1
After
_
0i + j
2M
qi 5j
__
q=1
_
01
1
(ii) ______ = e e = __
8
6+2
3i + 2j
1
1
(ii) K.E.before = __(M)(42 + 32) + __(M)(12 + 22)
2
2
= 15M J
1
1
K.E.after = __M(22 + 32) + __M(32 + 22)
2
2
= 13M J
Loss = 15M 13M = 2M J
(Mass)
After
3i + 4j
pi + 4j
4i + 3j
qi + 3j
__
__
(Mass)
After
5i + 5j
2M
pi + 5j
0i + 0j
qi + 0j
1
(2) (32 + 42) + __(3)((4)2 + 32)
2
1
= 62__ J
2
2
K.E.after =
1
(2) ((3)2 + 42) + __(3)(02 + 32)
2
2
1
__
= 38 J
2
1
1
Loss = 62__ 38__
2
2
2p + q = 10
1
= __
2
___
__
3
= __
7
3+4
p q = 3
_
21
Solving these gives p = ___, q = 5
2
_
_ _
_
1
(i) Their velocities are 2__i + 5j ; 5i + 0j
2
___
__
___
(ii) l1 = Mv Mu
_
_
_
_
1
= 2M 2__i + 5j 2M(5i + 5j )
__2
= 5mi Ns
pq
______
__
2p 2q = 5
2p + 3q = 6
= 24 J
Before
50
1
__
Q
Q. 4.
pq
______
Before
_
Q. 2.
Before
l2 = M(5i + 0j ) M(0i + 0j )
__
= 5Mi Ns
(iii) K.E.before =
1
__
2
1
(2M)(52 + 52) + __(M)(02 + 02)
2
= 50M J
K.E.after =
(( )
52
1
(2M) __ + 52 + __(M)(52 + 02)
2
2
2
3
= 43__M J
4
6_14M 100
Percentage Loss = ____ ____
50M
1
1
__
1
= 12__%
2
13
12
_________
tan q =
1 + (1)(2)
K.E.before =
1
= __ = 0.3333
3
q = 18 26 (Since q is acute)
Q. 5.
1
__
1
(5)(25 + 16) + __(10)(4 + q)
2
2
= 102.5 + 65
= 167.5 J
_
3
__
( 5 )i + 5( 5 ) j
=5
K.E.after =
= 4i + 3j
__
(Mass)
After
4i + 3j
pi + 3j
4i + 4j
qi + 4j
__
__
= 87.5 J
Loss = 167.5 87.5 = 80 J QED
2p + 3q = 4
4+4
850
= ____
18
1,575
= ______
18
2(4) + 3(4) = 2p + 3q
pq
______
1
1
4
(5) __ + 16 + __(10) __ + 9
2
9
9
725
= ____
18
2
= 4i + 4j
Before
1
__
__
1
(i) __i + 4j
3
_
_
2
(ii) __i 3j
3
5
5
(iv) m1 = __ = 1, m2 = ___
=2
5
2_1
(iii)
7
___
Original
path
p q = 7
Solving these gives p = 5, q = 2.
_
(ii) 5i + 3j , 2i + 4j m/s
1
(iii) K.E.before = __(2)(42 + 32)
2
1
+ __(3)((4)2 + 42)
2
= 73 J
K.E.after =
1
__
2
(2)((5)2
New
path
3 3
M1 = ___ = __;
2 2
tan q =
Loss = 73 64 = 9 J
Before
_
5i + 4j
2i 3j
(Mass)
Q.
Q 7.
(After)
__
__
14
23
, since q is acute.
Before
(Mass)
(After)
pi + qj
0 i + qj
ri + 0j
pi + 4j
10
qi 3j
p + 2q = 1
1
__
=
5+2 7
p q = 1
24
___
0i + 0j
3
9
_
_
2+2
24
tan q = ______
= ___
__
27
23
1
32)
1
+ __(3)(22 + 42)
2
= 64 J
Q. 6.
3 ___
9
=
M2 = ___
_
2
2
1
2
Solving these gives: p = __, q = __.
3
3
N.E.L.
0r
______
4
= __
7
p0
4p = 7r
m=7
Q. 8.
Before
Mass
8i + 4j
0i + 0j
_
(i) 8i + 4j
2m
(ii) 4 kg mass:
After
__
__
1
K.E.before = __(4)q2 = 2q2
2
1
__
K.E.after = (4)(r2 + q2)
2
xi + 4j
yi + 0j
__
xi + 4j
= 2(r2 + q2)
4 __
4
__
= 1
8 x
x = 2
= 2r2
2 kg mass:
1
K.E.before = __(2)x2 = x2
2
but x = 2r (from Equation 1)
Q. 9.
K.E.after = 0
xy
_____
= e
80
2 5
______ = e
8
7
e = __
8
(i) Before
_
_
Loss = 4r2
1
Gain in K.E. of 4 kg mass = __
2
(Loss in K.E. of 2 kg mass)
(Mass)
pi + qj
xi + yj
Q. 10.
Q
After
_
_
ri + qj
_
0i + 0j
Before
(Mass)
After
P:
12u
Q:
4p + 2x = 4r
2p + x = 2r Equation 1
pq
________
12u 0
N.E.L.
1
= __
4
p + q = 3u Equation 2
r0
_____
1
__
p x = 2
p x = 2r Equation 2
3q = 15u
q = 5u
3p = 0
p=0
p = q 3u
Velocities
before impact were qj
_
and xi these are to each other.
from Equation 2
p = 5u 3u
p = 2u
= e
OLD
v
___ = e
5u
v = 5eu
15
(Mass)
After
2u
Q: 5eu
P:
(ii) r = 2u 10eu
()
2
r = 2u 10 __ u
7
20
___
r = 2u u
7
6
__
r = u final speed of P
7
4(2u) + 8[5eu] = 4r
1
(iii) K.E.before = __(4)(12u)2
2
= 288u2 J
r = 2u 10eu
r0
_________
2u + 5eu
1
= __
4
( )
1 6
K.E.after = __(4) __u 2
2 7
72
= ___u2 J
49
72
Loss = 288u2 ___u2
49
4r = 2u 5eu
4(2u 10eu) = 2u 5eu
8 40e = 2 5e
35e = 10
2
e = __
7
= 286.53u2 J
Exercise 7D
Q. 1.
Before
__
(Mass)
__
After
__
v cos Bi + v sin Bj
0i + 0j
qi + 0j
u sin A = V sin B
__
Equation 1
Equation 2
1
= __
4
v sin B
= ________
8v cos B
8 tan A = 3 tan B
16
__
u cos Ai + u sin Aj
QED
Q. 2.
Before
__
__
(Mass)
After
__
__
2u cos Ai + 2u sin Aj
2M pi + 2u sin Aj
ui + 0j
__
0i + 0j
0
5
____________
= ____
2u cos A + u 118
118p = 10u cos A 5u
1
But p = 2u cos A __u
2
1
118 2u cos A __u
2
= 10u cos A 5u
(ii) p = 2u cos A u
2
5u
9
1
= 2u ___ __u = ____
2
82
41
( )
40
80u 160u
2u sin A = 2u ___ = ____ = _____
82
41
41
4u cos30i + 4u sin30j
__
( )
_
3
___
()
1
i + 4u __ j
2
_ 2
__
= 2u 3 i + 2uj
= 4u
Before
___
(Mass)
After
pi + 2uj
2u 3 i + 2uj
1
__
( )
q = 6u u(3 e)
q = 3u + eu
q = u(3 + e)
1
1
K.E.before = __(m)(4u)2 + __(m)(2u)2
2
2
= 10mu2
1
K.E.after = __(m)[u(3 e)2]
2
1
+ __(m)[u(3 + e)]2
2
1
__
= (m)[u2(9 6e + e2 + 9
2
+ 6e + e2)]
1
= __(m)[u2(18 + 2e2)]
2
= mu2(9 + e2)
0i + 0j
qi + 0j
(i) Before
(Mass)
After
4u
m
p
2u
m
q
m(4u) + m(2u) = m(p) + m(q)
divide by m
__
p + q = 2u 3
divide by m
Equation 3
N.E.L.
pq
_________
__
p + q = 6u Equation 1
pq
________
= e
4u 2u
p q = 2eu 3
p q = 2eu Equation 2
2p = 2u3 (1 e)
2p = 2u(3 e)
p = u(3 e)
q = 6u p from Equation 1
p = u 3 (1 e)
2u 3 0
= e
__
Equation 4
__
__
__
= u 3 (1 e)i + 2uj
__
q = 2u 3 p
from Equation 3
17
__
__
m
= __[3u2(1 2e + e2) + 4u2
2
+ 3u2(1 + 2e + e2)]
q = 2u 3 u 3 (1 e)
__
__
= u 3 + eu 3
__
m
= __[10u2 + 6e2u2]
2
q = u 3 (1 + e)
velocity of 2nd
__ sphere_ after
impact = u 3 (1 + e)i
= mu2(5 + 3e2)
Loss = 8mu2 mu2(5 + 3e2)
1
__
K.E.before = (m)(4u)2
2
= 8mu2
__
1
K.E.after = __(m)[{u 3 (1 e)}2 + {2u}2]
2
__
1
+ __(m) [u 3 (1 + e)]2
2
Q.
4.
Q 4
(i)
Before
u
__
(Mass)
__ _
u 3
____
j
A: i +
2
2
_
pi +
B: 0i + 0j
After
= 3mu2 3mu2e2
= 3mu2(1 e2)
__ _
__
u 3
____
2
____
u 3
____
_
tan q = p =
2p
qi + 0j
()
u
m __ + m(0) = m(p) + m(q)
2
u
p + q = __
2
2p + 2q = u
divide by m
Equation 1
pq
______
= e
_
u
2
eu
p q = ___
2
2p 2q = eu Equation 2
Adding equations 1 and 2 we get
4p = u(1 e)
u
p = __(1 e)
4
__
u
q = __ p
2
u 3
____
tan q =
2p
__
p=
2 tan q
__
u 3
u
______ = __(1 e)
2 tan q 4
__
3
_____
tan q
1
= __(1 e)
2
__
(1 e)tan q = 2 3
__
tan q =
18
from Equation 1
u u
u ue u
q = __ __(1 e) = __ + ___ = __(1 + e)
4
4
4
2 4
u 3
______
2 3
_____
1e
2
multiply by __
u
__
u 3
____
(ii)
1
K.E.before = __mu2 J
2
Q. 5.
__
[ ( )]
u 3
1
K.E.after = __m p2 + ____
2
2
1
+ __mq2
2
3u2
1 u2
= __m ___(1 e)2 + ____
4
2 16
(i) Before
( )
q4 + p2q2
_________
= 0.04
p2
3u2
_______
q2(p2 + q2)
__________
=
0.04
p
2 + q2 = 0.06
p2
so, p2 + q2 = 0.36
[
[
3u2
1 u2
= __m ___(1 2e + e2) + ____
4
2 16
1 13u2 2eu2 e2u2
= __m _____ _____ + ____
2
16
16
16
mu2
= ____[ 13 2e + e2 ]
32
1
1 u2
K.E.B(after) = __mq2 = __m ___(1 + e)2
2
2 16
mu2
= ____(1 + 2e + e2)
32
7
= __
1
13 2e + e2
____________
=7
1 + 2e + e2
13 2e + e2 = 7 + 14e + 7e2
(3e 1)(e + 3) = 0
1
e = __ 0 e 1
3
q4
__2 + q2 = 0.04
p
u2
3e2 + 8e 3 = 0
ti + 0j
r2 + q2 = 0.04
[ ( )]
__
6e2 + 16e 6 = 0
2m
_______
1
= __m ___(1 e)2 + ____
4
2 16
K.E.B(after)
B: 0i + 0j
Also, r2 + q2 = 0.2
u 3
1
K.E.A(after) = __m p2 + ____
2
2
K.E.
ri + qj
q2
r = __
p
__
1
mu2
16
1
% loss = ______
100 = 12__%
_
1
2
2
mu
A(after)
________
q2
__
pr = 1
After
A: pi + qj
q
__
p r = 1
7mu2
= _____ J
16
(iii)
(Mass)
q
__
1 7u2
= __m ____
2
8
q
tan q = __
p
1 u2
+ __m ___(1 + e)2 let e = 0
2 16
3u2
u2
1 u2
= __m___ + ____ + ___
4
2 16
16
0.36q2
______
= 0.04
p2
divide by 0.04
9q2
____
=1
p2
q2 1
__2 = __
9
p
q __
1
__
p = 3 = tan q
(ii)
Equation 2
pr
r _____ = pe
2
2r p + r = 2pe
3r p = 2pe
19
p 3r
e = ______
2p
Before
3v
___
3q2
p + ____
p
i+
_
v 40
_____
7
ui + 0j
p2 + 3q2
= ________
2p2
3v
___
()
( )
( )
Equation 1
N.E.L.
3
1.8
___
___
p = 0.6 cos q = 0.6 ____
= ____
10
10
1.8
___ from Equation 1
r + 2t = ____
10
40n
_____
q
3
21
_________
= __
4
3n
___
+u
7
40n 21q
3
___________ = __
4
9n + 21u
from Equation 2
3.6
___
r + t = _____
3 10
1.2
___
= ____
10
3
___
Add 3t = ____
10
Equation 2
1
___
t = ____
10
K.E.after = 0.02m + 0.1m = 0.12m
147u 7u
n = _____ = ___
525
25
Q. 7.
Q
(i)
r
q
___
20
40
____
7
3v
40v
2m ___ + m(u) = 2m _____ + m(q)
7
21
21
multiply by ___
m
18v 21u = 80v + 21q
1
1
K.E.after = __m(0.2)2 + __(2m)t2
2
2
= 0.02m + mt2
d
b __
(a) __
a c = 1
c
b
__
__
a = d
ac = bd
3
(b) cos q = __
7
29
2p
r t = ___
3
qi + 0j
___
3 __
1
__
1
(iii) K.E.before = __m(0.6)2 = 0.18m
2
sinq =
()
1 1 2
= __ + __ = __
2 6 3
Q. 6.
___ _
v 40
_____
v40 v40
(p) = _____ _____
7
7
40v2
____
3vp =
7
40v
____
p=
21
7
2
1 3q
= __ + __ __2
2 2p
pi +
m
___
After
_
2m
= ________
2p
1
__
(Mass)
___ _
1
r
sin q = __ = __ q = 30
2r 2
Q
Q. 8.
4u
30
30
2u
1.2r
Before
___
(Mass)
u 3 i + u j
___
2u 3 i 2uj
After
_
2m
p i + uj
qi 2uj
1.2r 3
sin q = ____ = __
5
2r
4
__
cos q =
5
Rotate diagram as shown in the diagram
below:
r
q
__
N.E.L.
pq
____________
__
__
u 3 + 2u 3
1__
= ___
3
p q = 3u
Equation 2
= p 2 + u2
__________
= (u)2 + u2
____
= 2u2
from Equation 1
q = 2u
Speed of 2nd sphere after impact
___________
= q2 + (2u)2
_____________
= (2u)2 + (2u)2
____
__
= 2u 2
Before
(Mass)
_
8u
___
6u
i + ___j
5
5
_
_
3u
4u ___
___
i+ j
5
5
m
m
_
After
_
6u
pi + ___j
5
_
_
3u
___
qi + j
5
( ) ( )
__
= u 2
= 8u2
2u
q = 2p
q
q
5p + 5q = 12u
Equation 1
N.E.L.
pq
1
________
= __
8u
2
4u
___
___
5
5
5p 5q
1
________ = __
4u
2
5p 5q = 2u
Equation 2
21
6u
__
____
( )
6u
= u2 + ___
5
_________
6
= __
5
36u2
= u2 + _____
25
____________
3u
__
3
5
__
The slope of n2 is given by m2 = __
= __
7u
7
____
25u2 + 36u2
= ___________
25
_____
61u2
_____
m1 m2
tan q = _________
1 + m1m2
25
u ___
= __ 61
5
___
61
= ____u
5
1
q = __(5p + 2u) from Equation 2
5
1
__
q = (5u + 2u)
5
7u
___
q=
5
Velocity of 2nd sphere after impact
_
_
3u
7u ___
___
i+ j
5
5
Speed of 2nd sphere after impact
___________
____________
( 5 ) + ( 5 ) = 49u 25+ 9u
7u 2
___
22
3u 2
___
_____
58u2
_____
25
u
__
2
2
__________
___
___
58
____
= 58 =
u
5
5
3
6
_
_
57
______
tan q =
18
__
1+
35
42 15
= ________
35 + 18
27
= ___
53
Take the plus case to find the acute angle
27
q = tan1 ___ = 27
53