Biochemical electrodes

pH , pO2, pCO2 measurements

ABG analysis
Specified as pH/pCO2/pO2/bicarbonate. Defines the status of acidosis/ alkalosis. Normal pH of the blood -7.40 The normal range -7.35 to 7.45 Normal range of PCO2 35 to 45 mmHg

Critical care analytes and their normal range in blood

Acidosis/alkalosis

Types of acid base disturbances

ABG analysis
a)RAc b)MAc c)Normal d)Ralk e)Malk f)Normal

Relation of pH and pCO2

Figure 10.1 The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, showing the effect of pH and temperature on the relationship between SO2 and PO2.

Figure 10.2 pH electrode (From R. Hicks, J. R. Schenken, and M. A. Steinrauf, Laboratory Instrumentation. Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Row, 1974. Used with permission of C. A. McWhorter.)

Figure 10.3 PCO electrode (From R. Hicks, J. R. Schenken, and M. A. Steinrauf, Laboratory Instrumentation. 2 Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Row, 1974. Used with permission of C. A. McWhorter.)

Figure 10.4 PO2 electrode (From R. Hicks, J. R. Schenken, and M. A. Steinrauf, Laboratory Instrumentation. Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Row, 1974. Used with permission of C. A. McWhorter.)

1.5 Air 17% Current, A 12% Current, A 0.8 1.0 1.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

7%

0.5

1.5% 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Voltage, V 0 5 10 15 20 Oxygen concentration, %

(a)

(b)

Figure 10.5 (a) Current plotted against polarized voltage for a typical PO2 electrode for the percents O2 shown. (b) Electrode operation with a polarizing voltage of 0.68 V gives a linear relationship between current output and percent O2.