Even Homework Answers

6.24
a) b) c) d) 0 1 0.01 0.6

6.36
a) b) c) d) e) 26 13 1 16 3

6.32
a) 2 x 2 = 4 {HH, HT, TH, TT} b) 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 {HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT} c) 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32

Probability Rules
Chapter 6 Section 2b

Probability Notation
Union -- A B means A or B Empty Event - the event has no outcomes

Intersect A B means A and B

If A and B are disjoint we can write A B =

Disjoint
Mutually Exclusive Two events that have no outcomes in common, so they can never occur simultaneously

Probability Rules
1) The probability of any event A, P(A), satisfies 0 < P(A) < 1
Any probability is a number between 0 and 1

2) If S is the sample space in a probability model, then P(S) = 1

The sum of the probabilities of all possible outcomes must equal 1

3) If A and B are disjoint, then: P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

Addition Rule for disjoint events

4) The complement of any event A is the event that A does not occur, written as Ac: P(Ac) = 1 P(A)

Example #6.38 page 423

Color Prob. Brown 0.13 Red 0.13 Yellow 0.14 Green 0.16 Orange 0.20 Blue ?

What is the probability of drawing a blue candy? What is the probability of drawing a red, yellow, or orange candy?

The Multiplication Rule for Independent Events

Rule 5: Two events A and B are independent if knowing that one occurs does not change the probability that the other occurs. If A and B are independent, then:
P(A and B) = P(A)P(B)
Example 6.17 Pg. 426

Example Problems
6.18 on page 427
Mendels Peas: What is the probability that a seed will be green if both parent plants contribute a Green gene?

6.19 on page 427

A misuse of independence!

Pg. 423 6.37-6.41 odd Pg. 430 6.45-6.51 odd

Homework Assignment