BI SON MN QUN L MNG VIN THNG. Cu 1: phn tch cc vn (hot ng) trong qun l li.

D tm li: Vd: khng m ngun c xem dy ngun c cm vo socket cha, bt ngun cha, cu ch c t k?.... Trong PC c cc n bo hiu, li g th s mu vng, hay xanh.--> li bnh thng hay c bit. Xc nh v tr li: Vd: hin thng bo, mu ch dn n v tr li Tm nguyn nhn gy ra li: Vd: xi nhiu, d liu b ri rc do sao chp, virus, xa b.do dng nhiu nn b xo trn sp xp li, c th t th truy xut nhanh. Khc phc v sa cha li: Khi phc li h thng,ci li tp tin li, hay ci li ng dng . Vd: h thng chuyn mch cu ch ca modum bi qu ti,ta chuyn port c cu ch b t qua trng thi bo dng thay cu ch sau v trng thi hot ng.

Cu 2: phn tch cc vn (hot ng) trong qun l bo an

C qun l bo an th qun l hiu nng mi duy tr c h thng li mi ko b qu ti Ngn nga s dng gian ln ti nguyn mng VD: PC ci password trnh s xm nhp Ch ng s nh hng ca vic s dng ti nguyn mng. vd:my tnh chia nhiu a. Sa cha v Khi phc li h thng Vd:khi ta cm USB vo my tnh sut hin tin bo qut vi rt sau dit vi rut v khi phc li USB.

Cu 3: phn tch cc vn trong qun l cu hnh

VD: C 1 mng LAN phi thit k phn cng qun l nhng tc phi nhanh. Bc 1: Ln k hoch v thit k VD: xy dng khung sn, lu ca k hoch Lm cng vic trong bao lu, cn mua g, khng cn mua g?....gi c c hp l k?- mua nhng nu c 2 ca hng bn mt hng v cht lng nh nhau, 1 bn gi cao, 1 bn gi thp la chn mua. Bc 2: Lp t mng thi t k. VD: Cp mng RJ45 , v lp t My nh xem cch lp t.. Mng VT cng v y, lp t theo trnh t, ng th t cng vic. Bc 3: Cung cp li dch v cho khch hng to li nhun VD: ci t PC xong, m trnh duyt ra SD ngay: game, nhc, internet dch v, li nhun.

Cu 4: phn tch cc vn trong qun l k ton.

Vd xi mng internet trn gi th 1 thng s tr bao nhiu?...nu tnh theo lu lng th tr bnh? Xc nh phng php o, s dng ti nguyn mng ca khch hng Vd: Xc nh lu lng s dng 1M bao nhiu tin? Dng n bao nhiu M th khng tng tin na.

 Thu thp d liu o t p nh biu gi cc v chnh sch khuyn mi Vd: s dung theo lu lng th 100 Gb u gi bao nhiu s dng tip th gi khc t a ra biu gi cc cho tng In phiu ccda trn s liu thu thp c v co p t gi cc trong . Vd: m qun net c phng php o theo gi, 1h gi bao nhiu, use lin tc 5h gi bao nhiu a ra biu gi cc.

Cu 5: phn tch cc vn trong qun l hiu nng

VD :b ra bao nhiu cng th thu c by nhiu. u t cho h thng bao nhiu tin n s em li by nhiu li ch. Mt h thng mng lun c chng trnh qun l hiu nng hot ng nh th no Gim st kh nng thc thi ca mng c bin php thay i kp thi VD: trong 1 ngy 24h h thng s thc hin c bao nhiu kt ni. kt ni thnh cng bao nhiu v tht bi bao nhiu Phn tch d liu thc thi c gii php ngn nga, trc h thng suy gim qua mc ngng cho php. VD: h thng s t sa cha hot ng ca n tr li bnh th ng hoc ngi qun tr mng s nguy cu v tm hiu s suy gim iu chnh hiu nng. iu khin qun l hiu nng cng ngn chn s suy gim hiu nng mng v dch v. Vd: ta c 5 lung d liu trong s c lung ri v cng c lung bn qua qu trnh gim st v phn tch ngi qun l h thng s cu hnh li lu lng nh tuyn sao cho ti u nht. trong giao thng cng co gim st phn tch v qu n l hiu nng nn d ng 1 chiu, 2 chiu, phn lung giao thng.

Cu 6: nm khi chc nng trong kin trc chc nng TMN

aChc nng phn t mng NEF(Network Element Function): L khi chc nng thng tin, nhm mc ch gim st hoc iu khin. Cung cp cc chc nng vin thng v h tr trong mng VT cn qun l bChc nng h iu hnh OSF(Operation System Function): Cung cp cc chc nng qun l nhm gim st phi hp v iu khin mng vin thng. Chc nng ny gm: -H tr ng dng v cu hnh,li, hot ng, tnh ton, qun l bo mt. -To CSDL h tr cu hnh,topology, iu khin, trng thi v ti nguyn mng. -H tr kh nng giao tip gia ngi v my thng qua t/b u cui. - Cung cp kh nng phn tch li v phn tch hot ng. -Khun dng d liu v bn tin h tr thng tin gia hai thc th chc nng TMN hoc gia 2 khi chc nng TMN ca thc th bn ngoi. -Phn tch v quyt nh, to kh nng cho p ng qun l. cChc nng trm lm vic-WSF (Work Station Function ): Cung cp chc nng cho hot ng lin kt gia ngi s dng vi OSF. c miu t nh MF gia ngi s dng v OSF, n chuyn i thng tin t ng ra OSF thnh mt khun dng c th din t cho ngi s dng v ngc li.

dChc nng thch ng-QAF(Q Adapter Function):Cung cp s chuyn i kt ni NEF hoc OSF vi TMN, y l kh nng ct li ca TMN c th tc hp cc mng k tha ang tn ti thnh mt TMN. eChc nng trung gian-MF(Mediation Function): Truyn thng tin gia OSF v NEF. N cung cp mt tp cc chc nng cng ni(Gateway) hay chuyn tip (relay).Cc chc nng ca MF: truyn ti thng tin: bin i giao thc, bn tin, tn hiu; Dch/nh x a ch; nh tuyn; Tp trung. Chc nng x l thng tin: thc hin, hin th, lu gi,lc v bin i

Cu 7: cc im tham chiu
- im tham chiu q: kt ni cc chc nng OSF, MF, NEF, QAF trc tip vi nhau hoc qua DCF; trong nhm q th q3 kt ni NEF-OSF; MF-OSF;QAF- OSF; OSF-OSF; qx kt ni MF-MF; MF- NEF; MF- QAF - im tham chiu f: kt ni OSF v MF vi WSF. - im tham chiu x: kt ni OSF thuc cc TMN khc nhau hoc kt ni gia mt OSF trong mi trng TMN vi mt chc nng trong mi trng khng phi TMN. - im tham chiu g: nm ngoi TMN, khng c coi nh mt phn TMN k c khi n mang thng tin v TMN. t gia ngi dng v WSF. - im tham chiu m: nm ngoi TMN, gia QAF v cc thc th b iu hnh phi TMN hoc cc thc th b iu hnh nhng khng theo khuyn ngh TMN.

Cu 8: cc thnh phn chc nng ( kin trc chc nng)

MAF (Managament Aplication Function) Chc nng ng dng qun l: dng thc thi cc dch v qun l TMN quan trng. Mi thnh phn ca MAF c th l agent hoc manager. MAF c th c gn mt tip u ng biu din vai tr ca n MF_MAF:Lu tr tm thi (Temporary Storage ),Lc (Filtering),Ngng (There Sholding),Tp trung (Connectrator),Bo an (Security) NEF_MAF: giao tip vi NF hoc OSF trong manager, duy tr MIB ca agent v qun l cc i tng hin din ca cc ti nguyn mng OSF_MAF h tr manager v agent truy nhp n thng tin i tng c qun l, s l thng tin dng th v x l thng tin t bn ngoi (t cc TMN khc). OAF_MAF: giao tip manager truyn thng tin qun l v ch dn t manager. ICF (Information Conversation Function) Phin dich thng tin c s dng trong cc h thng trung gian chuyn cc m hnh thng tin. S chuyn i c v ni dung v c php. WSF (Workstation Support Function) .Chc nng h tr trm lm vic:Truy nhp v vn hnh d liu,Yu cu v xc nhn cc hot ng,Truyn dn cc khai bo,Qun l h trWSF

UISF (Message Communication Function):Chc nng truyn thng tin bn tin:thnh phn ny lin kt vi DCF truyn cc bn tin iu khin qun l (data communication function) DAF (Directory Access Function) chc nng truy nhp th mc:iu khin h thng th mc tc hin chc nng, lit k, tm kim, thm vo, thay i v xa cc hot ng ca khi chc nng. SF (Security Function) chc nng bo an:Thc hin cc chc nng bo an sau y:Xc thc (Athentication),iu khin truy nhp (Access Control),Bo mt d liu (Data Confidentiality),Ton vn d liu (Data Integrity),Khng chi t (Nonrepundation) Mi quan h trong cc khi chc nng v cc thnh phn chc nng nh ngha cc thnh ph n c yu cu bi mt khi chc nng

Cu 9: Cc hot ng ca qun l NMS

action qun l mng c thc thi bi manager hoc agent v ch c th c hon thnh vi s tham gia ca c manage v agent .Tt c action qun l theo giao thc SNMP c th c chia ra thnh cc kiu chung nh m t trong hnh sau: -Query operation (hot ng truy vn) : Truy xut d liu trn cc phn t mng nh l trng thi, tnh trng v s liu kiu thng k. Ex: Manager ly cc thng tin t agent nh thng tin v trng thi, tnh trng-Set operation (thit lp cc thng s h thng) : Ngi qun l yu cu agent thay i thng tin trong agent MIB, lm thay i thuc tnh ca phn t mng. Reporting event (hot ng bo co) : Bo co nhng s kin bt thng n ngi qun l, thng bo s kin mong mun cho ngi qun l. V d: cc agent gi cc bo co v cc hot ng bt thng ca h thng cho manager.- Khi nim SNMP: 1cng c cho php qun l ti ch t xa cc thnh phn mng, gm cc server, cc router, cc b chuyn mch v cc thnh phn chuyn mch khc. - SNMP bao gm cc agent v cc manager:- Agent: l mt tin trnh hot ng trn nt c qun l tp hp thng tin v thit b hot ng trn . - Manager: l tin trnh hot ng trn mt trm qun l yu cu thng tin v cc thit b hot ng trn mng. - Cc phin bn SNMP: - SNMP c 2 phin bn chnh l SNMPv1 v SNMPv2.- SNMPv1: l phin bn c khuyn ngh lm tiu chun - SNMPv2: c chia ra thnh SNMPv2u l SNMPv2 da trn c s c bo an cho ngi s dng SNMPv2*: l SNMPv2 da trn c s bo an cho ngi s dng v c thm nhng c tnh khc. SNMPv2C: l SNMPv2 khng c bo an. - Cc thnh phn ca SNMP? Gm 3 phn c bn:- giao thc SNMP: + nh dng cc bn tin dng cc bn tin c trao i bi h thng v agent. + c trng bi cc thao tc Get, Getnext, Trap cu trc thng tin qun l: SMI (structure of management information): c trng cho khun dng s dng nh ngha cc i tng c qun l m cc i tng ny truy sut qua giao thc SNMP. C s thng tin qun l: l 1 bn c phn cp qun l cc i tng.

Cu 10: Hy phn tch cc hot ng trong qun l cu hnh? (2)

Qun l cu hnh: (Configuration Management)

VD: C 1 mng LAN phi thit k phn cng qun l nhng tc phi nhanh. Bc 1: Ln k hoch v thit k VD: xy dng khung sn, lu ca k hoch Lm cng vic trong bao lu, cn mua g, khng cn mua g?....gi c c hp l k?- mua nhng nu c 2 ca hng bn mt hng v cht lng nh nhau, 1 bn gi cao, 1 bn gi thp la chn mua. Bc 2: Lp t mng thi t k. VD: Cp mng RJ45 , v lp t My nh xem cch lp t..

 Mng VT cng vy, lp t theo trnh t, ng th t cng vic. Bc 3: Cung cp li dch v cho khch hng to li nhun VD: ci t PC xong, m trnh duyt ra SD ngay: game, nhc, internet dch v, li nhun.

Cu 11: Trnh by cc bc khai bo SNMP manager v SNMP agent?

Khai bo SMNP Manager

b1 : khai bo a ch ip cn gim st b2 : khai bo community string phi ging vi community string khai bo trn agent b3 : khai bo phin bn snmp : ging vi phin bn trn snmp trn agent b4 : khai bo chu k ly mu :do cc hm set, get, s dng c ch poll nn cn phi khai bo chu k ly thng tin ca manager Khai bo SNMP Agent

B1 : cu hnh get, set trn snmp agent. M tnh nng snmp agent trn thit b cn gim st B2 : khai bo community string B3 : khai bo phin bn snmp B4 : khai bo snmp acl B5 : khai bo location, contact, hostname (option) Cu hnh Trap trn SNMP Agent

B1: bt tnh nng trap sender. B2: khai bo a ch ip ca trap receiver. B3: khai bo community-string ca bn tin trap. B4: khai bo version ca snmp trap. Cu hnh Trap trn SNMP Trap receiver

B1: Bt tnh nng trap receiver. B2: Khai bo dy a ch IP ca sender m trap receiver s nhn, nhng IP nm ngoi dy ny th trap receiver s khng nhn trap. Tnh nng ny l ty chn, c th nhiu trap receiver khng h tr. B3: Khai bo b lc kiu trap : y l danh sch cc kiu trap s c hin ra trn mn hnh ca trap

CU12 : Cc hm ca SNMP :
Get (thuc c ch Poll v c thuc tnh Read only): l hm ly hay gi gi tr mt bin MIB cha trong thnh phn agent VD (integer, string, a ch ca MIB khc) Trong ni dung hm get lun c gi tr l OID v tin trnh SNMP cn c vo OID thc thi y/c nhng bn tin . D nhin hm get c gi t manager n agent, c th c nhiu OID nn ta ch gi 1 ln c th thc thi nhiu nhim v khc. Getnext (thuc c ch Poll)

Gi a ch ca bin MIB tip theo tc l trong kin trc ca MIB cc di tng c lit k th t nhng khng lin tc tng i tng ca 1 device c lit k ra ht nhng cc OID th khng lin t c. Do mun ly gi tr ca bin tip theo m khng bit OID ca n khng th dng hm Get c m phi dng Getnext. Getnext ly c ht cc gi tr ca i tng. Hm ny tng t hm get ch cng cha OID, cng manager qun l, nhng khc l ly gi tr ca bin tip theo. Vd : object ang xt c IP: 1.3.5.2 Trong hm get ly Object x c /c : 1.3.5.2 Mun ly gi tr k bn Object x nu dng hm get th khng bit c MIB => dung hm getnext : nhp 1.3.5.2 s bit c IP k tip y. Dng getnext s ly ht cc gi tr k tip xoay vng, cn hm get th khng th v gi tr ca hm get khng lin tc. Set (khng thuc c ch no c v n ch l hm ci t, khng phi gim st, nhng c thuc tnh READ WRITE) : thay i gi tr ca bin MIB. Vd: thay i cu cho trong my t, PC qun l router, mun yu cu router tt 1 port trong 4 port internet; tn ca object l port, s tra trong PC. OID l g? : 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 Object l g? : = port, tn object = port. Gi tr ca object l gi?: vd: port ang active chuyn sang stand by =>gi tr n thay i. Trap (thuc c ch Alert) : l 1 khai bo khng mong mun gi t agent n ng dng qun l (khai bo l 1 li) Vd: 1 khi thu bao b h s gi thng bo ti my tnh. so snh get v getnext : Get v getnext c bn ging nhau ch c ch khc nhau l: -Get ly gi tr ca i tng c OID cha trong bn tin c cha trong hm Get. -Getnext s ly gi tr ca i tng c OID tip theo OID m c nhp trong hm getnext

Cu 13:
a) Thit b Switch c OID = 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7 Tm object Name, object Access tm c? b) Tm ni dung bn tin SetRequest khi manager mun up (m)? c) Xc nh v tr ca i tng trong cu 3a theo cu trc MIB?
d) Wireless ADSL 2 + Router D-link Model No: DSL-240T c qun l bng SNMP c MAC: 001195B23A357. V hnh minh ho qu trnh ly gi tr MAC?

Tr li
a)

- Trng thi port c object name la: ifAdminStatus, OID = 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7 - Object access: READ_WRITE( trng thi port l up/down/testing => Ta co th thay i trng thi port)
b) - Manager gi bn tin SetRequest c OID = 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7 v c gi tr bng 1 ti agent. -ifAdminStatus c 3 gi tr 1:UP, 2: DOWN, 3: TESTING - Lc ny agent s d trong t in RFC1213, tm c 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7 l ifAdminStatus (trng thi port) v c gi tr bng 1 ngha l tr ng port hin ti m manager mun l UP. c) - V tr ca i tng : OID l 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.7(ifAdminstatus)

L: ios.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifAdminStatus

Manager

Agent

d) nu MAC ifPhysical Address OID:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6 4 port v d nhn gi tr cho mac gi request c OID:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6 gi response c OID:1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6 4 port v d V value cho mac gi request c OID:1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 gi response c OID:1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 4 port cho mac V value = cho mac

Nu NAME Sys Name OID:1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 4 port v d nhn gi tr

Note: nu bi a ch MAC th ta d OID t ifPhysicalAddress(6) ln 1.3.6 => OID =

1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6 Nu bi cho a ch NAME th ta d OID t sysname(5) ln 1.3.6 => OID=1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5 Nu bi ko cho name va mac th d bng mib_2

Cu14 :nguyn tc hot ng ca c ch poll?v hnh minh ha c ch poll?cho v d v c ch poll?

Phng thc hot ng c ch Poll

Nguyn tc hot ng : Trung tm gim st manager) s thng xuyn hi thng tin ca tht b cn gim st (device). Nu Manager khng hi th Device khng tr li, nu manager hi th Device phi tr li. Bng cch tr li thng xuyn, Manager s lun cp nht c thng tin mi nht t Device. V d : Ngi qun l cn theo di khi no th lm xong vic. Anh ta c thng xuyn hi ngi th Anh lm xong cha ?, v ngi th s tr li Xong hoc Cha.

v hnh minh ha c ch poll?

cho v d v c ch poll?

V d : Ngi qun l cn theo di khi no th lm xong vic. Anh ta c thng xuyn hi ngi th Anh lm xong cha ?, v ngi th s tr li Xong hoc Cha.

Cu 15 : nguyn tc hot ng ca c ch alert?v hnh minh ha c ch alert?cho v d v c ch alert?

Tr li
Phng thc hot ng c ch alert

Mi khi trong Device xy ra mt s kin (event) no th Device s t ng gi thng bo cho Manager, gi l Alert. Ma nager khng hi thng tin nh k t Device. V d : Ngi qun l cn theo di tnh hnh lm vic ca th, anh ta yu cu ngi th thng bo cho mnh khi c vn g xy ra. Ngi th s thng bo cc s kin i loi nh Tin hon thnh 50%, Mt in lc 10h, C in li lc 11h, Mi c tai nn xy ra. di tnh hnh lm vic ca th Device ch gi nhng thng bo mang tnh s kin ch khng gi nhng thng tin thng xuyn thay i, n cng s khng gi Alert nu chng c s kin g xy ra. Chng hn khi mt port down/up th Device Poll. s gi cnh bo, cn tng s byte truyn qua port s khng c Device gi i v l thng tin thng xuyn thay i. Mun ly nhng thng tin thng xuyn thay i th Manager phi ch ng i hi Device, tc l phi thc hin phng thc

V d : Ngi qun l cn theo di tnh hnh lm vic ca th, anh ta yu cu ngi th thng bo cho mnh khi c vn g xy ra. Ngi th s thng bo cc s kin i loi nh Tin hon thnh 50%, Mt in lc 10h, C in li lc 11h, Mi c tai nn xy ra.

Cu 16:

Tm trnh t cc bc cu hnh SNMP , window XP,

1.Click vo Start - Run - G "services.msc" v nhn Enter. iu ny s m ra Management Console. 2. Trong ca s bn phi, kch chut phi vo dch v SNMP v chn "Properties" 3. Nhp vo tab "Agent", nhp vo tn ca "contact", "Location" v chn cc dch v cho mt s kin c th kch hot Trap hoc c th c truy vn bi mt my ch qun l SNMP. 4.Nhp vo tab "Traps" v nhp vo tn cng ng v Trap destination. iu ny cho php cc i l SNMP gi tin nhn Trap SNMP cho cc my ch qun l SNMP khi mt s kin xy ra. Tn cng ng l communityname ca my ch qun l SNMP 5.Nhp vo tab Security, y chng ta thit lp bo mt cho cc cng ng khc nhau m Agent ny h tr v cho php mc m n c php c th l Notify, READ ONLY, READ WRITE, READ CREATE. READ WRITE l cc s cho php ti a cc trm qun l SNMP lm thay i h thng hoc thm ch qun l h thng s dng SNMP trong khi "reaf only" ch cho php cc my ch SNMP truy vn thng tin s kin v khng th thc hin bt k thay i . 6. Ngoi ra, v l do an ninh, chn gi "Accept SNMP" nm cc my ch v thm danh sch cc my ch c thm quyn c th thm d Agent.

7.Bn cng c th kim tra hp "Send authentication trap" thng bo cho tt c cc my ch SNMP trong danh sch c mt tht bi kt ni t bt k my ch SNMP khc khng c trong danh sch. 8. Nhp vo Apply v OK. 9. Nhp chut phi vo dch v v chn "restart" nhng thay i c hiu lc.

iu ny s thit lp SNMP Agent cng nh thi t lp TRAP cho SNMP.

Cu 17: Phn tch nhim v ca h thng qun l mng (NMS):

1 h thng dc x bi phn cng v cc chc nng ca cc thnh phn phn cng dung n qun l cc thit b. -Mc ch: Gim st, iu khin, cc thnh phn tham gia vo qu trnh truyn thng t im u n im cui hay t ngun n ch - gim st: thit b ngoi vi, b nh, mi trng, nhit - iu khin: kch hot h thng v vn hnh n . -i tng ca NMS thc hin: + cc h thng mng rng ln, cc ngun ti nguyn v h thng mng my tnh. + Ti nguyn: dung lng b nh bng thng, s lng thu bao, lu lng.+ Mng my tnh.- Phm vi qun l: + Ti chnh ngn hng, gio dc, nghin cu pht trin, sn xut kinh doanh, truyn thng. + truyn thng: NMS dc su dng cho lnh vc truyn thog la do su lon mnh phc tp ko ng nht ca mi trng a nh cugn cp, a giao thc, a cng ngh, ca h thong mng v cc my tnh v th h thng qun l mng dc ap dng chun on nh cu hnh v gii quyt cc vn pht sinh .+ sn xut kinh doanh: in 1 giay chuyn sn xut no th ngta kiem tra cht lng sn phm nguyn liu cc cng on thc hin c method ti u nht tao ra nhng sn phm cht lng tt thun li cho vic kinh doanh + Ti chnh ngn hng: cc my rt tin t ng . + gio dc :: qun l cc chng trnh hc ca hc vin, sp xp cc mn hc cho sv mt cch trnh t + Nghin cu v pht trin: thu thp s liu v lu lng kt ni c k hoch pht trin or gim bt trong giai on tip theo, or nghin cu chnh sch khuyn mi thu ht khch hng. CAC THNH Phn NMS: -Management stastion: 1 trm qun l cung cp nn tng ni m1 h qun l lu tr, v n cung c p mt qun l vi: + Mt nn tng phn cng v mt h thng iu hnh ni m chy cc ng dng qun l. + Thng qua mt giao din ngi dng m ngi s dng c th truy cp n ng dng qun l. -Manager: Mt manager trong cu trc h thng qun l mng nh mt trung tm iu khin chu trch nhim a ra nhng quyt inh qun l chnh. Manager gi cc lnh n cc trm qun l x l nhng quyt nh qun l. -Management Agent: Mt trm qun l thng c t gn thnh phn mng c qun l v chu trch nhim cho : + Thc hin cc lnh gi t Manager, bao gm thit lp v kim tra gi tr thuc tnh ca phn t mng. + Thu thp d liu trn phn t mng v gi d liu n manager khi c yu cu. + Bo co nhng s kin quan trng khng mong mun xy ra ti phn t mng n Manager. -Management Information Base(MIB): 1 MIB nh 1 c s data, cha tt c thng tin m Manager quan tm v phn t mng c qun l.1 phn t mng, nh 1 switch c mt t l 1tp cc thuc tnh nh card, ng trunk, lines v dch v n cung cp. Cc thuc tnh ny tp hp thnh 1MIB. 1 MIB c xem nh l ngn ng chung 2 bn giao tip u hiu. -Management protocol: Mt phn t mng quan trng cu h thng qun l mng l mt giao thc qun l, ci nh ngha th tc v cu trc s dng bi Manager v Agent trao i thng tin qun l.

intenet

internet

directory

mgmt

experim

privete

mib

system interface

at

ip

icmp

tcp

udp

egp

cmot

transmis snmp

sysobject sysDesir(1)

ifTable

ifTable ifIndex(1) ifDescr(2) ifType(3) ifMtu(4) ifSpeed(5) ifPhysicalAddress(6) ifAdminStatus(7) ..

intenet

1 internet
2

mgmt 1 1
mib

system

interface

sysobject sysDesir(1)

ifTable

ifentry ifIndex(1) RO ifDescr(2) RO ifType(3) RO ifMtu(4) RO ifSpeed(5) RO ifPhysicalAddress(6) ifAdminStatus(7) ..

RW RW