TCVN 7435 - 2:2004 - ISO 11602 2 : 2000 PHNG CHY, CHA CHY- BNH CHA CHY XCH TAY

V XE Y CHA CHY
PHN 2: KIM TRA V BO DNG

Fire protection- Protable and wheeled fire extinguishers Part 2: Inspection and maintance

1. PHM VI P DNG

Tiu chun quy nh vic kim tra, bo dng v th nh k cc bnh cha chy xch tay v xe y cha chy. Bnh cha chy xch tay c xc nh l phng tin ban u cha chy trong phm vi gii hn. Cc bnh cha chy xch tay vn cn thit ngay c khi c trang b h thng Sprinklers t ng, h thng cha chy vch tng hoc c thit b cha chy c nh. Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho h thng c lp t c nh dp tt m chy, mc d cc b phn ca h thng c th di chuyn c (nh vi phun hoc lng phun c gn vi b phn cung cp cht cha chy.) Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho cc bnh cha chy s dng trn my bay, tu thu v phng tin giao thng ng b.
2. TI LIU VIN DN

TCVN 6100 (ISO 5923), Phng chy cha chy - Cht cha chy - Cc bon ioxt. TCVN 6154: 1996, Bnh chu p lc- Yu cu k thut an ton v thit k, kt cu, ch to - Phng php th. TCVN 6156:1996, Bnh chu p lc- Yu cu k thut an ton v lp t, s dng, sa cha. Phng php th.

ISO 7201-1, Fire protection- Fire extinguishing media-Halogenated hydrocacbons- Part1 Specifcations for halon 1211 and halon 1301(Phng chy cha chy-Cht cha chy-Hydroccbon c halogen ho- Phn 1: Yu cu k thut vi halon 1211 v halon 1301). ISO 7201-2, Fire protection-Fire extinguishing media-Halogenated hydrocacbons-Part2: Code of practice for safe handing and tranfer procedures of halon 1211 and 1301: (Phng chy cha chy- Cht cha chy- Hydroccbon c halongen ho-Phn 2 : Quy phm thc hnh i vi quy trnh vn chuyn v sp xp halon 1211 v halon 1311). TCVN 7435-1(ISO 11602-1), Phng chy cha chy- Bnh cha chy xch tay v xe y cha chy - Phn 1: La chn v b tr.
3. THUT NG V NH NGHA

Trong tiu chun ny s dng cc thut ng v nh ngha ca TCVN 7435 - 1

4. KIM TRA BO DNG V NP LI

4.1 Quy nh chung 4.1.1 Ngi ch hoc i l hoc ngi ni cc bnh cha chy c b tr phi c trch nhim kim tra, bo dng v np li. 4.1.2. Quy trnh kim tra v bo dng bnh cha chy khc nhau nhiu. Cc kin thc ti thiu cn thit thc hin quy trnh kim tra hng thng theo 4.2. Ch nhng ngi c thm quyn mi c bo dng v sa cha theo 4.3 v 4.4. Xem ph lc A. 4.1.3 Vic bo dng v np li phi c thc hin theo s tay hng dn thch hp, s dng cc loi dng c, vt liu thay th, du bi trn v cc ph tng thay th nhn bit c v c ngi sn xut hng dn. 4.1.4 Bnh cha chy khng cn kh nng bo dng hoc np li phi c thay th bng mt bnh d tr cng kiu v ti thiu cng loi v cng cng sut. 4.2 Kim tra 4.2.1 Bnh cha chy phi c kim tra khi ln u a vo s dng v sau phi c kim tra nh k khong 30 ngy. Bnh cha chy phi c kim tra vi chu k ngn hn khi c yu cu. 4.2.2 Kim tra nh k c thc hin m bo bnh cha chy: a/ c t ng v tr quy nh; b/ Khng b tr ngi v d nhn thy v bn hng dn s dng ca bnh quay ra ngoi; c/ Hng dn s dng r rng; d/ Nim phong hoc b phn chn khng v hoc b mt;

e/ Cn y (bng cch cn hoc nhc) f/ Khng b h hng, n mn, r r hoc lng phun b bt kn; g/ Nu ng h o p sut, kim ca ng h phi v tr hot ng hoc nm trong khong hot ng. 4.2.3 Khi kim tra nu pht hin bt k bnh cha chy no khng m bo ng cc iu kin c lit k trong 4.2.2a v b/ phi c hnh ng chnh sa ngay. 4.2.4 Khi kim tra pht hin bt k bnh cha chy np li c no khng thc hin ng bt k iu kin ca c/,d/,e/,f/ hoc g/ ca 4.2.2 th phi tin hnh bo dng theo qui trnh thch hp. 4.2.5 Khi kim tra pht hin bt k bnh cha chy bng bt khng np li c khng thc hin ng bt k iu no ca c/, d/,e/,f/ hoc g/ ca 4.2.2 th phi loi b. 4.2.6 Khi kim tra pht hin bt k bnh cha chy halon khng np li c khng thc hin ng bt k iu kin no ca c/, d/,e/,f hoc g/ ca 4.2.2 th phi loi b v cht cha chy phi c ly li hoc hu. 4.3 Bo dng 4.3.1 Quy nh chung Tt c cc loi bnh cha chy, tr loi c lu phc lc C, phi m c bo dng nh sau: a/ Khng qu mt nm nhng khng t hn 6 thng mt ln; b/ Th thu lc ng k; c/ Khi c yu cu kim tra c bit. Quy trnh bo bo dng phi tin hnh ph hp vi 4.3.2 4.3.2 Quy trnh i vi tt c cc loi bnh cha chy 4.3.2.1 Trong mt ln bo dng, tt c cc loi bnh cha chy phi: a/ Kim tra nim phong v c cu an ton xc nh bnh cha chy c s dng cha; Sau khi bo dng, thay th c cu an ton v lp lim phong mi; c/ Gn bin vo bnh hoc ghi nhn tm bin gn vo bnh ch ra rng tin hnh bo dng theo quy nh. 4.3.2.2 i vi vic cn nhc quy trnh c thc hin khi bo dng bnh cha chy xch tay, cc loi bnh c phn loi nh sau: - Loi 1: Bnh c p sut nn trc tip vi cht cha chy l nc, nc c ph gia, hoc bt - Loi 2: Bnh c p sut nn trc tip vi cht cha chy l bt hoc halon; - Loi 3: Bnh dng chai kh y vi cht cha chy l nc, nc c ph gia hoc bt;

- Loi 4: Bnh dng chai kh y vi cht cha chy l bt; - Loi 5: Bnh cha chy cc bon dioxide 4.3.2.3 B sung vo yu cu ca 4.3.2.1 a/,b/ v c/ bnh cha chy phi c bo dng theo bng 1. 4.3.2.4 Cnh bo: Trc khi m bt k bnh cha chy bng bt no, bnh phi c xc nh rng trong khi kim tra v bo dng, cc s phng nga c nu trong 4.3.4.1 v 4.3.2.4.2 phi c xem xt. 4.3.2.4.1 Ch c m bnh cha chy bng bt iu kin kh nht c th v trong thi gian t nht cn thit kim tra, nhm lm gim ti mc thp nht nh hng ca m khng kh n bt (bt c th hp th mt lng m c hi nu phi trong khng kh c m tng i cao hoc nu bt lnh hn khng kh xung quanh). 4.3.2.4.2. Cm vic trn ln lm nhim bn cho gia cc loi bt cha chy khc nhau (Mt s cc loi bt c kh nng tc dng ti mt s loi bt khc to ra nc v ccbon dioxit. Phn ng ny thng khng xy ra mt cch r rng cho ti sau mt tun m trong thi gian phn ng b mt khng xy ra. Nc gy ra s vn cc v trong thng kn cc bon dioxit gy ra s tng p nn rt nguy him. Ch nhng bnh cha cng loi bt mi c m v kim tra cng mt thi im). Bng 1: Loi bnh 2 3 4 x

STT

Quy trnh bo dng

1 Kim tra v xc nhn rng thit b ch th p sut (nu c lp) l ch p sut trong bnh chnh xc hoc khi thit b ny khng c lp, p sut trong l chnh xc. Nu bnh cha chy ch ra p sut gim hn 10% hoc nhiu hn so vi mc gim ln nht theo hng dn ca ngi sn xut nu p sut gim t hn 10% phi theo ch dn ca ngi sn xut c bin php thch hp. 2 Kim tra bn ngoi thn bnh cha chy xem c b n mn hoc h hi. Nu bnh b n mn t hoc h hi khng ng k, bnh phi b loi b hoc phi th thu lc. Nu bnh b mn nhiu hoc c mt vi h hi th bnh phi b loi b. 3 Cn bnh cha chy(c hoc khng c c cu

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vn hnh theo hng dn ca ngi ch to) hoc s dng phng thc thch hp kim tra bnh cha khi lng cht cha chy chnh xc. i chiu khi lng so vi khi lng c ghi khi bnh cha s dng ln u. 4 Kim tra lng phun v vi phun (nu c trang b) v lm sch nu cn thit. Phi thay th nu b h hng hoc khng trng thi tt. 5 Khi bnh cha chy c thit k c c cu vn hnh tho ra c, phi kim tra c cu vn hnh v kim sot s x (nu c np) i vi vic di chuyn t do. Lm sch, chnh sa, hoc thay th, nu cn. Phi bo v ren v cc chi tit vn chng li s n mn bng du bi trn theo hng dn ca ngi sn xut. 6 M bnh cha chy hoc tho cc u lp rp. Tho chai kh y. 7 (Ch i vi bnh cha chy bng nc c ph gia hoc bt). cht lng vo bnh cha sch. Nu du hiu b h hng xut hin (tham kho hng dn ca ngi sn xut i vi cc sn phm). b cht lng ny v vo cht lng c bit ca ngi sn xut. Khi cht to bt cha chy hoc ph gia trong bnh ring bit, kim tra s r r. Loi b bnh bnh r r v thay bng bnh mi v np. 8 Lm sch bn trong v bn ngoi bnh cha chy v kim tra bn trong v bn ngoi thn bnh pht hin s n mn v h hi. Nu bnh b n mn t hoc b h hi khng ng k, bnh phi b loi b hoc th thu lc. Nu b n mn nhiu hoc c mt vi h hi bnh phi b loi b. 9 Kim tra bn ngoi chai kh y pht hin n mn v h hi. Nu chai kh y b n mn v h hi th phi thay mi nh khuyn ngh ca ngi sn xut. Cn chai kh y v kim tra

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khi lng so vi khi lng ghi trn chai. Chai kh y c khi lng cht ch t hn khi lng nh nht c ghi, hoc chai c pht hin b r r th phi loi b hoc c thay bng chai mi theo khuyn ngh ca ngi sn xut. Lm sch nu cn v x ht kh qua l thng hi (hoc cc c cu thng hi khc) trong np. Kim tra lng phun ng nhnh, li lc v ng phun trong van x kh (nu c lp) v lm sch chng, nu cn. Lm sch v kim tra lng phun, vi phun v ng phun trong pht hin s tc nghn bng cch bm khng kh i qua chng, chnh sa hoc thay thu nu cn. Kim tra cc vng m, mng ngn v vi phun v thay th nu b h hi hoc c khuyt tt. Nu vi phun c lp y bnh v mng ngn c s dng th phi thay. Kim tra bt trong bnh xc nh khng c du hiu ca s vn cc, ng cc hoc vt l. Khuy trn bt bng cch lc v dc ngc bnh, nhng phi trnh lm trn. Nu c du hiu vn cc, ng cc hoc c vt l, nu khng phun c hoc c bt k tr ngi no, phi thay tt c bt cha chy v np li bnh bng bt cha chy ca ngi sn xut Np li bnh cha chy ti mc ban u, b li lng nc b mt hoc thay bng nc sch nu cn. i vi nc c ph gia hoc dung dch to bt, np li bnh theo hng dn ca ngi sn xut. Lp li bnh theo hng dn ca ngi sn xut Kim tra loa phun, vi phun cha chy v lp van, lm sch v thay th nu khng tnh trng tt. Thc hin php th dn in b vi cha chy

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Ch thch: mt nc theo quyt nh ca c quan c thm quyn phi xem xt mt cch thch ng quy trnh kim tra cht lng v s tin cy ca ngi sn xut vi bnh cha chy c chai kh y ho hc bn trong c hn kn, vic kim tra bn trong ln u ch c th li li so vi thi hn ca ngi sn xut tr khi c yu cu bi 4.3.2.5 4.3.2.5 Ngoi vic quy nh bo dng hng nm theo 4.3.1 n 4.3.2.4 tin hnh nh k khng qu 5 nm vic bo dng c quy nh trong bng 2. Ch thch 1: Cc bnh cha chy khng c np li, tr bnh halon, phi c tho b v khng qu 5 nm tnh t ngy sn xut. Ch thch 2: Cc bnh cha chy khng c np li loi halon, phi ngng s dng v chuyn n c s ly li halon khng qu 5 nm tnh t ngy sn xut. 4.3.2.6 Bnh cha chy halon khng c thi b ra kh quyn, nhng phi ly ra nh k khng qu 5 nm bng phng php cho php ly li halon. Cc bnh rng, phi c bo dng b sung theo quy nh trong bng 2. Bng 2 Loi bnh 1 (5nm) 2 (5nm) 3 (5nm) Phun x bnh cha chy ht hon ton. Sau khi x x x phun, p k (nu c trang b) phi ch p sut khng v thit b ch th (nu c trang b) phi ch v tr phun M bnh cha chy, lm sch bn trong v x x x kim tra bn trong thn bnh pht hin s n mn v h hi. Nu bnh b n mn t hoc h hi khng ng k, bnh phi b loi b hoc phi th thu lc li. Nu bnh b n mn nhiu hoc c mt vi h hng th bnh phi b loi b. Kim tra theo cch thch hp lng phun, li x x x lc v vi phun, l thng (hoc cc c cu thng hi khc) trong np hoc b van v ng x trong. Lm sch, nu cn. Kim tra tt c vng m bt kn v vi phun (nu x x x c lp) v thay nu b h hng. Quy trnh bo dng

STT 1

5 Kim tra c cu vn hnh v vic chuyn ng v lm sch, sa cha hoc thay th nu cn thit. 6 Lp rp li v np li bnh cha chy. Xem 4.4

4.4 Np li 4.4.1 Tt c cc loi bnh cha chy np li c phi c np li sau khi s dng hoc khi c thanh tra yu cu hoc bo dng b thiu. 4.4.2 Khi tin hnh np li, phi theo hng dn ca ngi sn xut. 4.4.3 Khi lng cht cha chy np li c xc nh bng cn. Khi lng ton b bnh np li phi bng khi lng ton b ghi trn nhn ca ngi sn xut. i vi cc bnh cha chy khng ghi khi lng ton b trn nhn, trn bnh phi ghi nhn vnh cu ch khi lng ton b. 4.4.4 Sau khi np li, phi tin hnh th kn p sut tn cha v vi bnh cha chy v chai kh y t x cht cha chy. Khi s dng phng php pht hin s r r bng cht lng, phi lu ngn s nhim bn cht cha chy bi cht lng. 4.4.5 Bnh cha chy to mng nc (AFFF) v bt to mng floprotein (FFFP) phi c np li cht cha chy mi theo hng dn ca ngi sn xut. 4.4.6 Ch c s dng cht cha chy theo quy nh trn nhn. 4.4.7 Mi loi bt khng c trn ln hoc b lm bn bi loi bt khc. 4.4.8 Khng c chuyn i bnh cha chy t loi ny sang loi khc, hoc khng c s dng cc loi cht cha chy khc nhau. 4.4.9 Khng c s dng li bt cha chy cn li trong bnh c np li. 4.4.10 Bnh cha chy c bo dng 5 nm hoc th thu lc phi l bnh rng. Bt khng c s dng li tr khi s dng h thng thu hi kn v cht cha chy c tn cha ring trong conten c bt kn ngn khng b nhim bn. Trc khi s dng li, bt cha chy phi c kim tra ton b. Khi c nghi ng lin quan n bt, s nhim bn hoc tnh trng ca bt th phi loi b. 4.4.11 i vi tt c lai bnh cha chy khng dng nc phi loi b bt k hi m no c trong bnh rng trc khi np li. 4.4.12 Bnh cha chy halon ch c np li ng loi tt hn v khi lng cht cha chy theo quy nh trn tm nhn. Halon dng np li phi theo quy nh ca ISO 7201. Bnh cha chy cha halon khng ph hp vi qui nh ca ISO 7201 khng c np li. 4.4.13 Vic tho cht cha chy t bnh cha chy halon phi c thc hin bng h thng tho kn dng cho halon. Phi kim tra bn trong thn bnh cha chy

 pht hin s nhim bn hoc s n mn. Cht cha chy c gi li trong bnh tho ca h thng ch c s dng li khi khng c du hiu ca s nhim bn b n trong c pht hin trong bnh cha chy. Halon c tho khi bnh c du hiu ca s nhim bn trong hoc b n mn phi c x l theo hng dn ca ngi sn xut bnh. 4.4.14 Cc bon dioxit phi theo yu ca TCVN 6100 4.4.15 Khi np li bnh cha chy dng nc, np qu mc s gy ra s x khng ng. Lng cht lng np ng phi c xc nh bng mt trong cc cch sau: - o chnh xc bng khi lng - o chnh xc bng th tch - S dng ng chng np qu nu c trang b. - S dng du nu c trang b 4.4.16 p k t ngun p sut c iu chnh phi c hiu chun t nht hng nm. 4.4.17 Bnh cha chy li dng kh nn trc tip np li c np ch phi to ti p sut np nghi trn tm nhn ca bnh. Adapter to p ca ngi sn xut phi ni vi b van trc khi to p cho bnh. Ngun p sut c iu chnh, c t khng cao hn 0,2 MPa trn p sut vn hnh, c s dng to p cho bnh cha chy. Cnh bo: Ngun p sut khng iu chnh c nh chai nit khng c b iu p, khng bao gi c s dng v bnh cha chy c th b qu p v c kh nng b ph hu. Khng bao gi bnh cha chy ni vi b iu p ca ngun p sut cao trong chu k nh sn. B iu p b li c th lm ph hu bnh do qu p. 4.4.18 Ch c nit cng nghip tiu chun hoc cc kh tr khc c im sng 550C hoc thp hn c s dng to p bnh cha chy halon v bnh cha chy bng bt s dng p sut kh nn trc tip. Khng kh nn qua b tch m (ni ngng) khng c s dng to p, ngay c khi c ghi trong hng dn trn bnh cha chy c. Lu 1: C th s dng khng kh nn t h thng nn chuyn dng c kh nng cung cp khng kh c im sng -550C hoc thp hn. H thng nn chuyn dng phi c trang b vi h thng theo di v cnh bo t ng m bo lun gi im sng -55oC hoc thp hn. Lu 2: C th s dng Cc bon dioxit khi c qui nh trn nhn. Khi s dng cc bon dioxit, cht ny phi p ng yu cu ca TCVN 6100. 4.5 H s 4.5.1 C s bo dng phi lu gi h s ca tt c cc bnh cha chy c nhn vin ca mnh bo dng, k c loi dch v bo dng thc hin.

4.5.2 Phi ghi thi tin hnh bo dng v tn, du hiu nhn bit ca t chc v c nhn thc hin. 4.5.3 Mi bnh cha chy phi c ti nhn an ton ch nm, thng thc hin dch v (bo dng, np li v th thu lc) v phi nhn bit c ngi tin hnh cc dch v . 4.5.4 Nhn ghi dch v khng c t trc bnh cha chy .
5. TH P SUT R R THY LC

5.1 Quy nh chung 5.1.1 Th thu lc phi do ngi c o to v quy trnh th p lc v b phn an ton tin hnh, c trang thit b th v s tay hng dn thch hp (xem ph lc B). 5.1.2 Ti bt k thi im no, nu bnh cha chy c du hiu n mn hoc h hi c hc v khng b loi b, bnh phi c th thu lc, theo 5.1.3 v 5.1.4. Lu 1: Bnh cha chy khng c np li, tr loi halon, phi tho cht cha chy v loi b. Lu 2 : Bnh cha chy khng c np li phi chuyn n c s thu li halon. 5.1.3 Khi bnh cha chy hoc thn bnh c mt hoc nhiu hn cc iu kin lit k di y, th khng c th thu lc, nhng ngi ch bnh phi ph hu hoc bnh c ph hu theo hng dn ca ngi ch bnh: a/ Khi c sa cha bng hn, hn mm, hn cng hoc s dng hn hp chp v; b/ Khi thn hoc ren ca bnh b hng; c/ Khi b n mn gy r; d/ Khi bnh cha chy b h tn trong m chy; e/ Khi cht cha chy l loi canxi clorua c s dng trong bnh cha chy bng thp khng g; f/ Khi bnh cha chy qu c (xem ph lc C) 5.1.4 Bnh cha chy c bnh cha hoc v b phi nhit trn 160 0c phi ngng s dng v chu th thu lc. Ch thch: ng nht v t chc ca bnh cha bng nhm b gim khi chng b phi trong nhit trn 1600c. Nhit c th xut hin khi trong m chy hoc khi sn li c sy kh bng l. 5.2 Tn sut 5.2.1 Bnh cha chy phi th thu lc theo chu k khng qu 10 nm Ch thch: i vi bnh cha chy khng np li, xem 5.1.2

5.2.2 Chai kh y p sut cao hoc chai nit c s dng i vi vic tn cha kh ui cho xe y cha chy phi c th thu lc theo chu k khng qu 10 nm. Lu 1: Chai kh y c ng knh ngoi khng qu 5cm v c khi lng ln nht l 300 g khng phi th thu lc nh k. Lu 2: Khi c quy nh ca Nh nc chu k th ngn hn th phi tun theo. 5.2.3 Phi tin hnh th thu lc cm vi bnh cha chy c trang b lng phun c kho ng cui vi. Chu k cng ging chu k quy nh i vi bnh cha chy lp vi phun . 5.3 p sut th 5.3.1 Tt c bnh cha chy, chai kh y v chai khi nit s dng vi xe y cha chy phi th p sut th do ngi sn xut quy nh. 5.3.2 Cm vi cha chy cc bon dioxit phi th 10 MPa (xem 5.2.3). 5.3.3 Cm vi tr loi ccbon dioxit phi th 2 MPa hoc p sut l m vic ca chng nu cao hn (xem 5.2.3)

Ph lc A (Quy nh) NGI C QUYN A.1 Quy nh chung Ph lc ny a ra cch xc nh v m bo quyn ca ngi tin hnh vic bo dng bnh cha chy. Cc phng php xen k c th c xem xt t c thm quyn tho mn. A.2 Vic o to v kinh nghim ca ngi c quyn A.2.1 Ngi c quyn phi c o to t nht 3thng cng vic ang lm hoc kinh nghim thc t v tham gia vo kho o to. Thi gian ca kho o to t nht l 32h. Ngi c quyn phi thi t kt qu cui kho hc. K thi c t chc c lp do c quan c thm quyn ch nh thc hin. A.2.2 Kho o to do ngi sn xut hoc cc t chc nng lc v c cng nhn thc hin. A.2.3 Ngi c quyn phi tham gia o to li nh k t nht 5 nm. Ph lc B (Quy nh) TH P SUT R R B.1 Quy nh chung

Ph lc ny a ra phng php th p sut r r ca bnh chu p lc cha chy. Trong khi khng loi tr kh nng s dng cc quy trnh tng ng, phi xem xt k lng cc phng php c la chn di gc ca s nguy him vn c. B.2 Thit b th B.2.1 Th p sut r r bng thu lc Cnh bo: Nu khng kh hoc kh c s dng nh mi cht duy nht th p lc, hoc nu ton b khng kh khng b ui ht khi bnh trc khi th thu lc, cc bnh cha chy b loi s rt nguy him v c sc n mnh. B.2.2 Cc thit b kim tra bnh p lc cao v chai kh y phi l loi o nc t cc quy nh quc gia tng ng. B.2.3 Cm vi phun ca bnh cha chy cc bon dioxit phi th thu lc trong thit b c hp bo v. B.2.4 Thit b dng cho th p sut thp bao gm cc loi sau: a/ Bm th thu lc, vn hnh bng tay hoc t ng, phi c kh nng to ra p sut khng nh hn 150% p sut th, phi bao gm van kim tra v ph tng thch hp; b/ B mm gn vi bm th. Bm phi c trang b cc ph tng cn thit gn vi tm ngn (ca bnh cha chy ); c/ Hp bo v hoc thanh chn bo v ngi, c thit k quan st bng mt bnh cha chy ang th. Hnh B.1 a ra hp th thu lc di ng, p sut thp c thit k bo v ngi thc hin th trong khi hot ng. Thit b ny c s dng cho thu lc bnh cha chy p sut thp. Thit b ny khng c s dng s dng th thu lc p sut cao. Hp th khng c neo cht vo nn trong khi tin hnh th. Cc hp ny do cc ngi sn xut kim loi ch to. B.2.5 Phi c thit b sy tt c cc loi bnh cha chy khng phi loi gc nc qua th thy lc. B.3 Quy trnh th B.3.1 Phi kim tra bn trong trc khi th thu lc B.3.2 Th thu lc bnh p lc v chai kh y theo TCVN 6154:1996 v TCVN 6166: 1996 B.3.3 Quy trnh th bnh p sut thp nh sau: B.3.3.1 Tt c cc van, chi tit bn trong v cm vi phun cha chy phi c tho ra v bnh l bnh rng. Lu : i vi mt s bnh cha chy bng bt (s dng chai kh y), ngi ta sn xut c th khuyn ngh khng phi tho cc chi tit b n trong. B.3.3.2 Tt c cc loi bnh cha chy bng bt phi c du hiu x ht cc cht cha chy bn trong bnh trc khi np nc.

B.3.3.3 Trn tt c cc bnh cha chy bng bt c chai kh y c khung ngoi to p sut x, phi tho chai kh y (v mt s bnh cha chai kh y) v nt bt thch hp gn vo l trn bnh ni tho ra. B.3.3.4 Tt c cc xe y cha chy c trang b kho ngt u phun ra ca vi phun phi c vi (ng b vi u ni vi nhng khng c lng phun) khi th c tho ra v th ring. Khi bo dng hoc th thu lc xe y cha chy c trang b b phn iu khin, phi tch b iu khin hoc vi p sut thp khi thng cha cht cha chy. B.3.3.5 tt c cc xe y cha chy bng bt c p sut nn trc tip , cm u phi c tho v lp li trong hp th thch hp. B.3.3.6 Khi ni vi ca bm thu lc bng b ni mm vi lng phun, b cm vi phun, m th, hoc ph tng th nu thch hp. Trong trng hp xe y cha chy, quy trnh v ph tng phi theo khuyn ngh ca ngi sn xut. B.3.3.7 Khi t bnh cha chy v hp th bo v hoc trong trng hp i vi xe y cha chy, t pha sau tm chn bo v trc khi nn p sut th. B.3.3.8 Bt bm th cp nc vo bnh v np nc n nh ca vng m bnh. B.3.3.9 i vi bnh cha chy th c lp np bo v, np ny phi c vn kn t t trong khi vic cp nc m. Khi tt c khng kh cn tn trong bnh c ht ht v sau khi nc ni ln th np phi c vn kht hon ton. B.3.3.11 Sau t p sut tc tng p sao cho p sut th t c trong thi gian khng t hn 30s. Duy tr p sut th ny t nht 30s. Quan st trong thi gian pht hin bt k s bin dng (mo m) hoc r r ca v bnh cha chy. B.3.12 Nu khng pht hin s bin dng hoc r r v nu p sut th khng gim, x p sut trong bnh cha chy. Bnh cha chy c xem l th thu lc t yu cu. B.3.3.13 Tt c cc du vt v hi m phi c loi b khi tt c cc bnh dng bt v halon bng cch sy bnh. Nu s dng dng khng kh nng, nhit bn trong bnh khng c vt qu 66oc. B.3.3.14 Ch s hu phi ph hu tt c cc bnh kh thu lc khng t hoc c ph hu theo ch dn ca h. B.3.4 Quy trnh th cm vi cha chy phi th thu lc nh sau: B.3.4.1 Phi tho lng phun khi cm vi cha chy m khng tho bt k b ni vi no B.3.4.2 i vi bnh dng bt, phi loi b ht bt. B.3.4.3 Sau t cm vi cha chy vo thit b bo v#, m thit k cho php quan st php th bng mt. Ngi tin hnh th cm vi cha chy phi gi khong cch an ton vi vi c th.

B.3.4.4 Vi phi cha y nc trc khi th. B.3.4.5 Sau t p sut tc tng p sut t ti p sut th trong thi gian 1 p min. p sut th phi c duy tr trong 1 min. Quan st pht hin s bin dng hoc r r. B.3.4.6 Nu khng pht hin s bin dng v r r, hoc p sut th khng gim hoc cc b ni khng di chuyn, th p sut c x b. Cm vi cha chy ny c xem l th thu lc t yu cu. B.3.4.7 Cm vi cha chy khi th thu lc t yu cu phi c lm kh hon ton bn trong. Nu s dng nhit sy, nhit khng qu 660c. B.3.4.8 Cm vi cha chy khng t khi th thu lc phi b ph hu. B.4 Ghi bin bn th B.4.1 Loi bnh p sut cao i vi chai cha kh v chai cha kh y p sut cao t khi th thu lc, phi ng nhn ghi thng, nm v s nhn bit ca thanh tra vin ln bnh theo quy nh ca TCVN 6156:1996. Mt iu quan trng l ch ng nhn vai, nh, c hoc chn (nu c trang b) bnh. B.4.2 Loi bnh p sut thp Thn bnh cha chy qua th thu lc phi c thng tin th c ghi trn tm nhn bn vng. Tm nhn ny c gn ln bnh bng cng ngh khng nng. Tm nhn ny t hu khi tho khi thn bnh cha chy. Tm nhn ny bao gm cc thng tin sau: - Thng, nm tin hnh th; - p sut th; - Tn ngi hoc c quan tin hnh th; - Cm vi cha chy t yu cu khi th thu lc khng phi ghi bi n bn th.
Kch thc tnh bng centimt

A. Bn v chi tit hp th

Ch thch:
1 Tm kho 10cm x 7,5 cm 2 Bn l phng 3 Cht gi 4 Li kim loi dn rng, phng, dy 1,5cm, c 16-18 5 Khung 1,5 cm trn tt c cc cnh 6 Tm kho v cht gi 7 Tay xch 8 L vi

B. Bn v tng

Hnh B.1 - V d hp th thu lc xch tay p sut thp

Ph lc C (Quy nh) BNH CHA CHY QU C Cc loi bnh cha chy di y c coi l qu c v phi loi b: a/ Loi axit natri ccbont; b/ Loi bt ho hc; c/ Loi clobrommetan hoc ccbon tetraclorua; d/ Loi khng c np li dng qu 5 nm; e/ Loi o (ngc) f/ Loi bnh v ng hoc bron (k c bnh bm) c ni bng hn vy mm hoc inh tn; g/ Loi bnh thp c ni ghp bng inh tn; h/ Cc loi bnh cha chy khc c c quan c thm quyn quy nh l khng thch hp hoc khng an ton khi s dng.

Ph lc D (tham kho) CC LOI MC NGUY HIM

Bng D.1 a ra v d tiu ch c bit la chn cc loi mc nguy him (xem nh ngha trong TCVN 7435 -1) Bng D.1 Loi mc nguy him Trung bnh Khng quy nh T 15 n 250 T 300 n 3000 T 500 n 3000 T 250 n 1000 T 1000 n 2000

Thng s Chiu cao cng trnh S lng ngi Din tch b mt cng trnh (m2) Kh d chy (lt) Cht lng d chy (lt) Cht lng chy c (lt)

Thp n 25 Di 15 Di 300 Di 500 Di 250 Di 500

Cao Trn 25 Trn 250 Trn 3000 Trn 3000 Trn 1000 Trn 2000