Đồ Án Môn Học Gvhd: Phạm Quỳnh Thái Sơn

N MN HC
GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN
LI CM N
hon thnh n hc phn ny,thc s chng em c gng rt nhiu cng vi s

tn tnh gip ca cc thy c trong khoa Cng ngh Ha hc. Chng em xin by t
lng bit n i vi thy Phm Qunh Thi Sn tn tnh hng dn, gip chng
em trong thi gian qua chng em c th hon thnh tt ti n ny.
Tuy c n lc v c gng nht nh nhng vi thi gian thc hin v vn kin thc
cn hn ch, bi n ca chng em cng khng trnh khi sai st, khuyt
im trong khi thc hin, chng em rt mong nhn c s gp ca qu thy c v
cc bn.
Cui cng chng em xin chn thnh cm n.
TP.HCM, ngy 20/09/2013
Nhm sinh vin thc hin
Nguyn Th L Quyn
Nguyn Tn V
NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

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Phn nh gi
- thc thc hin: ........ ...............................................................................................
-Ni dung thc hin: ....................................................................................................
-Hnh th trnh bi: ......................................................................................................
-Tng hp kt qu: .......................................................................................................
-im bng s: ................................................... im bng ch
...........................
TP.HCM, ngy 20/09/2013

Gio vin hng dn
NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN

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Phn nh gi
- thc thc hin: ........ ...............................................................................................
-Ni dung thc hin: ....................................................................................................
-Hnh th trnh bi: ......................................................................................................
-Tng hp kt qu: .......................................................................................................
-im bng s: ................................................... im bng ch
...........................
TP.HCM, ngy 20/09/2013

Gio vin phn bin
MC LC
Li m u ..................................................................................................................... 7
CHNG 1: GII THIU V ACETONE V QUI TRNH CNG NGH ....... 8
1. Gii thiu s b ........................................................................................................ 9
2. Sn xut Aceton ....................................................................................................... 9
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N MN HC
3. Cng ngh chng ct hn hp Acetone Nc ................................................... 11

4. Chn loi thp chng ct v phng php chng ct ....................................... 11
5. S qui trnh cng ngh v thuyt minh qui trnh cng ngh ........................ 11
CHNG 2: CN BNG VT CHT CN BNG NNG LNG.............. 15
1. Cn bng vt cht .................................................................................................. 16
1.1 th cn bng Acetone Nc ....................................................................... 17
1.2 Xc nh ch s hi lu thch hp ...................................................................... 18
1.3 V ng lm vic ............................................................................................. 20
1.4 Xc nh s mm l thuyt v s mm thc t .................................................. 21
2. Cn bng nng lng ............................................................................................ 22
2.1 Cn bng nhit lng ca thp chng ct .......................................................... 23
2.2 Cn bng nhit lng ca thit b ngng t ....................................................... 24
2.3 Cn bng nhit lng ca thit b lm lnh sn phm nh ............................... 24
2.4 Cn bng nhit lng ca thit b lm ngui sn phm y (trao i nhit vi
nhp liu ban u) .............................................................................................. 25
CHNG 3: TNH TON THIT B CHNH ....................................................... 26
I.
Kch thc thp .................................................................................................. 26

1. ng knh on ct ......................................................................................... 28
2. ng knh on luyn ...................................................................................... 29
3. Chiu cao thp ................................................................................................... 31
II. Tnh ton chp v ng chy chuyn .................................................................. 32

A. Tnh cho phn ct ............................................................................................... 32
B. Tnh cho phn chng ......................................................................................... 33
III. Tnh chi tit ng dn .......................................................................................... 37
1. ng knh ng dn hi vo thit b ngng t .................................................. 37
2. ng dn dng chy hon lu ............................................................................. 38
3. ng dn dng nhp liu ..................................................................................... 38
4. ng dn dng sn phm y .............................................................................. 38
5. ng dn t ni un qua thp .............................................................................. 39
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IV. Tnh tr lc thp ................................................................................................. 39

A. Tng tr lc phn ct ......................................................................................... 39
1. Tr lc a kh Pk ........................................................................................... 39
2. Tr lc do sc cng b mt ............................................................................... 40
3. Tr lc ca lp cht lng trn a ( Tr lc thy tnh Pt ) .............................. 40
B. Tng tr lc phn chng .................................................................................... 41
1. Tr lc a kh Pk .......................................................................................... 41
2. Tr lc do sc cng b mt............................................................................... 41
3. Tr lc ca lp cht lng trn a ( Tr lc thy tnh Pt ).............................. 42
CHNG 4: TNH C KH .................................................................................... 44
1. Tnh b dy thn tr ca thp .............................................................................. 45
2. Tnh - chn b dy y v np thit b ................................................................ 47
3. Chn bch v vng m ......................................................................................... 48
4. Tnh mm ............................................................................................................... 49
5. Chn v tai treo thit b ................................................................................... 50
6. Tnh bo n ............................................................................................................. 53
CHNG 5: TNH THIT B PH ........................................................................ 56

I. Thit b gia nhit hn hp u hay thit b lm ngui sn phm y .............. 56
1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh ........................................................................... 57
2. Nhit ti ................................................................................................................. 58
3. Chn thit b .......................................................................................................... 58
II. Thit b lm ngui sn phm nh ..................................................................... 61
1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh .......................................................................... 61
2. Nhit ti ................................................................................................................. 62
3. Chn thit b .......................................................................................................... 62
III. Thit b ngng t hi lu ..................................................................................... 67
1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh ........................................................................... 67
2. Nhit ti ................................................................................................................. 68
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N MN HC
3. Chn thit b .......................................................................................................... 68

4. Xc nh h s cp nhit t dng sn phm nh n thnh ng ......................... 68
5. Xc nh h s cp nhit t thnh ng n nc ................................................. 69
6. Nhit ti ring ........................................................................................................ 70
7. H s truyn nhit ................................................................................................. 70
8. B mt truyn nhit ............................................................................................... 70
9. Chiu di mi ng ................................................................................................. 70
IV.Thit b ni un ...................................................................................................... 71
1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh .......................................................................... 71
2. Nhit ti ................................................................................................................. 72
3. Chn thit b .......................................................................................................... 72
4. Xc nh h s cp nhit t dng sn phm nh n thnh ng ......................... 72
5. Tnh h s cp nhit ca sn phm y ni........................................................... 73
6. H s truyn nhit ................................................................................................. 73
7. B mt truyn nhit ............................................................................................... 73
8. Chiu di mi ng ................................................................................................. 73
V. Tnh bn cao v- Bm ............................................................................................ 73
1. Tnh bn cao v...................................................................................................... 73
2. Tnh bm ............................................................................................................... 77
TI LIU THAM KHO .......................................................................................... 79
LI M U
Ngy nay cng vi s pht trin vt bc ca ngnh cng nghip th gii v nc
nh, v th cc ngnh cng nghip cn rt nhiu ha cht c tinh khit cao.
Trong thc t, chng ta s dng rt nhiu dng ho cht khc nhau: hn hp nhiu
cht hay n cht tinh khit. Qu trnh c th p ng phn no tinh khit theo yu
cu l chng ct: l qu trnh tch cc cu t trong hn hp lng lng, hay hn hp
lng kh thnh cc cu t ring bit da vo bay hi khc nhau ca chng.
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N MN HC
V i vi h acetone nc, do khng c im ng ph nn c th t c bt

k tinh khit theo yu cu nh qu trnh chng ct.
Nhim v thit k: tnh ton h thng chng luyn lin tc tch hn hp hai cu
t : acetone nc vi cc s liu sau y:
Nng sut sn phm nh : 1500 Kg/h
Nng sn phm nh : 98% theo khi lng
Nng nhp liu : 25%
p sut lm vic : p sut thng.
CHNG 1
GII THIU V
ACETONE V QUI TRNH
CNG NGH
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N MN HC
1. Gii thiu s b :
Tnh cht vt l:
Acetone c cng thc phn t : CH3COCH3 .Khi lng phn t bng 58.079
vC
Acetone l cht lng si 56.10C, tan v hn trong nc, n l dung mi cho
nhiu cht hu c N ho tan tt t axetat, nitr xenluloz, nha phenol
focmandehyt, cht bo, dung mi pha sn, mc in ng ng. Acetone l nguyn liu
tng hp thy tinh hu c.
L mt cht lng khng mu, d lu ng v d chy, vi mt cch m du v
c mi thm.
ng dng :
Acetone c ng dng nhiu lm dung mi cho cng nghip, v d cho
vecni, sn, sn mi,cellulose acetate, nha, cao su N ho tan tt t
acetate, nitroxenluloz, nha phenol focmandehyt, cht bo, dung mi
pha sn, mc in ng ng. Acetone l nguyn liu tng hp thy tinh
hu c.
Trong dc phm v m phm : Aceton c lm cht kh nc trong
sn xut thuc v trong cng nghip m phm, sn, nc ra mng tay.
Kh nn Acetylene: Acetylene l mt kh cng nghip quan trng nhng
khng th nn mt cch hiu qu bo qun trong cc bnh hnh tr m
khng c nguy c n.
T Acetone c th tng hp ceten, sumfonat (thuc ng), cc holofom.
Mt s thng s vt l v nhit ng ca Acetone :
Nhit nng chy
: -94.6 0C ;
Nhit si
: 56.9 0C ;
T trng
:
Nhit dung ring Cp
:
nht
:
Nhit tr
:
Tnh cht ho hc :
Cng hp vi natri bisunfit:
4
d 20
;
22 Kcal/mol (chun 102 0C)
0.316 cp ( 250C)
0.5176 cal/g ( 200C)
OH
CH3COCH3 + H2O CH3 - C - SO3Na
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CH3
( 1-metyl-1-hydroxi etan sunfont natri )
Cng hp axit HCN:
OH
CH3CO + HCN CH3-C-CN
CH3
( pH= 4-8 )
Phn ng ngng t :
OH
O
CH3-CO-CH3 + HCH2C=O CH3-C-CH3-C-CH3
CH3
CH3
( 4-oxy-4-mtyll-2-pentanon)
Acetone kh b oxi ha bi thuc th Pheling, Tluen, HNO3, KMnO4 ,
Ch b oxi ha bi hn hp KMnO4 + H2SO4, Sunfcrmic K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4
B gy mch cacbon.
CH3-C-CH3 CH3-C-CH2-OH CH3-C-CH=O CH3COOH +
HCOOH
O
O
O
Phn ng kh ho :
CH3COCH3 + H2 CH3CHOH-CH3
iu ch :
Oxy ha ru bc hai:
CH3CHOH-CH3 CH3COCH3 + H2O
Theo phng php Piria : nhit phn mui canxi ca axit cacboxylic:
(CH3COO)2Ca CH3COCH3 + CaCO3
T dn xut c magi :
O
O
CH3-C-Cl + CH3-MgBr CH3-C-CH3 + Mg-Br
Cl
2. Sn xut Acetone :
Trong thi k chin tranh th gii ln th nht, do nhu cu v ngun Acetone
rt ln, tong khi c s gii hn trong vic thu dc Acetone t s chng ct g, nn
b sung ngun Acetone Hoa K p dng phng php chng ct khan
Ca(CH3COO)2 thu c bng cch ln men ru c mt xc tc vi khun chuyn
carbohydrate thnh Acetone v Butyl Alcohol.Cng ngh ny c ng dng ch yu
trong sut chin tranh th gii ln th nht v nhng nm 20 .
Tuy nhin, n gia nhng nm 20 v cho n nay cng ngh trn c thay
bng cng ngh c hiu qu hn (chim khong phng php sn xut Acetone ca
Hoa K) : Dehydro Isopropyl Alcol.
Ngoi ra, cn mt s qa trnh sn xut Acetone khc :
- Oxi ha Cumene Hydro Peroxide thnh Phenol v Acetone.
- Oxi ha trc tip Butan Propan.
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N MN HC
- Ln men Carbo hydrate bi vi khun c bit.

- Cng ty Shell s dng n nh mt sn phm ph.
Tng hp Acetone bng cch Dehydro Isopropyl Alcol c xc tc:
CH3CHOHCH3 + 15.9 Kcal ( 3270C ) xuctac
CH3COCH3 + H2
Xc tc s dng y : ng v hp kim ca n, oxit kim loi v mui.
nhit khong 325 0C , hiu sut khong 97%.
Dng kh nng sau phn ng gm c : Acetone, lng Isopropyl Alcol cha
phn ng, H2 v mt phn nh sn phm ph ( nh Propylene, diisopropyl
eter ). Hn hp ny c lm lnh v kh khng ngng c lc bi nc .
Dung dch lng c em i chng ct phn on, thu c Acetone nh
v hn hp ca nc, Isopropyl Alcol ( t ) y.
3. Cng ngh chng ct hn hp Acetone Nc :
Ta c Acetone l mt cht lng tan v hn trong nc v nhit si ca
Acetone ( 56.9 0C 760 mmHg) v Nc ( 100 0C 760 mmHg) : l kh cch xa
nhau nn phng php hiu qu nht thu c Acetone tinh khit l chng ct phn
on da vo bay hi khc nhau ca cc cu t trong hn hp.
Trong trng hp ny ta khng th s dng phng php c c v cc cu t
u c kh nng bay hi, v khng s dng phng php trch ly cng nh hp th do
phi a vo mt pha mi tch chng, c th lm cho qu trnh phc tp hn, hay
qu trng tch khng c hon ton.
4. Chn loi thp chng ct v phng php chng ct :
Chng ct l qu trnh phn tch cc hn hp lng thnh cc cu t ring bit
da vo s khc nhau v bay hi ca chng ( hay nhit si ), bng cch
lp i lp li nhiu ln qu trnh bay hi ngng t, trong vt cht i t
pha lng vo pha hi hoc ngc li.
i vi chng ct ta c hai phng php thc hin :
- Chng ct n gin (dng thit b hot ng theo chu k):
Phng php ny s dng trong cc trng hp sau :
+ Khi nhit si ca cc cu t khc xa nhau .
+ Khi khng i hi sn phm c tinh khit cao .
+ Tch hn hp lng ra khi tp cht khng bay hi .
+ Tch s b hn hp nhiu cu t .
- Chng ct lin tc hn hp hai cu t (dng thit b hot ng lin tc): l
qu trnh c thc hin lin tc, nghch dng, nhiu on.
Ngoi ra cn c thit b hot ng bn lin tc .
Trong trng hp ny, do sn phm l Acetone vi yu cu c tinh khit
cao khi s dng , cng vi hn hp Acetone Nc l hn hp khng c
im ng ph nn chn phng php chng ct lin tc l hiu qu nht.
Chn loi thp chng ct :
C rt nhiu loi thp c s dng, nhng u c chung mt yu cu c bn l
din tch b mt tip xc pha phi ln, iu ny ph thuc vo phn tn ca mt lu
cht ny vo lu cht kia .
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Ta kho st hai loi thp chng ct thng dng l thp mm v thp chm:
- Thp mm gm thn thp hnh tr, thng ng, pha trong c gn cc mm c
cu to khc nhau, trn pha lng v pha hi c cho tip xc vi nhau.
Gm c : mm chp, mm xuyn l , mm van. Thng s dng mm chp .
- Thp chm l mt thp hnh tr, gm nhiu on ni vi nhau bng mt bch
hay hn . Vt chm c y trong thp theo mt hay hai phng php :
xp ngu nhin hay xp th t .
Chn loi mm chp thc hin qu trnh chng ct v nhng u im sau:
- D dng lm v sinh thng qua cc ca sa cha .
- Vi cng mt chc nng, tng khi lng thp mm thng nh hn so vi
thp chm.
- Hiu sut mm khng i i vi mt khong vn tc dng lng hoc kh.
- C th lp t ng xon gii nhit trn mm khi cn thit .
- Thp mm thch hp trong trng hp c s mm l thuyt hoc s n v
truyn khi ln .
- Thp c thit k c th gi c mt lng lng nht nh trn mm.
- Chi ph thp mm c ng knh ln r hn so vi thp m .
- D dng a vo hoc loi b cc dng bn .
- Tnh n nh cao.
5. S qui trnh cng ngh v thuyt minh qui trnh cng ngh :
a. S qui trnh cng ngh (xem trang sau)
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Hi kho
n g ngng
N
c
8
15
14
P
N
c
T
N
c
10
5
N
c
11
Sa
n Pha
m
nh
Hi N
c
P
12
13
2
Sa
n Pha
m a
y
N
c Lo
ng
Nguye
n Lie
u
Sa
n Pha
m a
y
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Ch thch :
1. Bn cha nguyn liu .
2. Bm.
3. Bn cao v .
4. By hi .
5. Lu lng k .
6. Van .
7. Thp chng ct .
8. Thit b ngng t sn phm nh .
9. B phn chnh dng .
10. Thit b lm ngui sn phm nh .
11. Bn cha sn phm nh .
12. Ni un .
13. un si nhp liu bng sn phm y .
14. Ap k .
15. Nhit k .
b. Thuyt minh qui trnh cng ngh :
Hn hp Acetone- Nc c nng Acetone 25% ( theo khi lng) , nhit
khong 30 0C ti bnh cha nguyn liu (1) c bm (2) bm ln bn cao v (3).
T c a n thit b gia nhit (3) ( trao i nhit vi sn phm y).
y, hn hp c un si n nhit si . Sau , hn hp c a vo thp
chng ct (7) a nhp liu.
Trn a nhp liu, cht lng c trn vi phn lng t on ct ca thp chy
xung. Trong thp hi, i t di ln gp cht lng t trn xung . y, c s
tip xc v trao i gia hai pha vi nhau. Pha lng chuyn ng trong phn
chng cng xung di cng gim nng cc cu t d bay hi v b pha hi
to nn t ni un (12) li cun cu t d bay hi . Nhit cng ln trn cng
thp, nn khi hi i qua cc a t di ln th cu t c nhit si cao l nc
s ngng t li, cui cng trn nh thp ta thu c hn hp c cu t Acetone
chim nhiu nht ( c nng 98% theo khi lng ). Hi ny i vo thit b
ngng t (8) v c ngng t mt phn ( ch ngng t hi lu). Mt phn cht
lng ngng i qua thit b lm ngui sn phm nh (10), c lm ngui n 30
0
C , ri c a qua bn cha sn phm nh (11). Phn cn li ca cht lng
ngng c hi lu v thp a trn cng vi t s hon lu ti u . Mt phn
cu t c nhiot si thp c bc hi, cn li cu t c nhit si cao trong
cht lng ngy cng tng . Cui cng, y thp ta thu c hn hp lng gm
hu ht l cu t kh bay hi ( nc). Hn hp lng y c nng Acetone l
2% theo khi lng, cn li l nc. Dung dch lng y i ra khi thp, mt
phn dc un, bc hi ni un (12) cung cp li cho thp tip tc lm vic,
phn cn li c trao i nhit vi nhp liu ( sau khi qua bn cao v ).
H thng lm vic lin tc cho ra sn phm nh l Acetone, sn phm y
sau khi trao i nhit vi nhp liu c thi b.
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CHNG 2
CN BNG VT CHT
CN BNG NNG LNG
Trang 14
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1. Cn bng vt cht
Cc s liu ban u :
Nng sut sn phm nh thu c :1500 ( Kg/h )
Sn phm c nng Acetone : 98% theo khi lng.
Nhp liu c nng Acetone : 25% theo khi lng .
Thit b hot ng lin tc.
Cc k hiu :
F : lng nhp liu ban u ( Kmol/h )
D : lng sn phm nh ( Kmol/h )
W : lng sn phm y ( Kmol/h )
xF :nng mol Acetone trong nhp liu
xD : nng mol Acetone trong sn phm nh
xW : nng mol Acetone trong sn phm y
Phng trnh cn bng vt cht cho ton b thp chng ct :
F=D+W
( 2.1 )
F * x F = D * xD + W * x W
( 2.2 )
Chuyn t phn khi lng sang phn mol:
xF =
xF
M1
x F (1 x F )
M1
M2
xD =
0.25
58
0.25 (1 0.25)
58
18
(2.3)
=0.094 phn mol Acetone
xD
M1
x D (1 x D )
M1
M2
0.98
58
0.98 (1 0.98)
58
18
(2.4)

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xW
xw
M1
0.02
58
=
=
0.02 (1 0.02)
x w (1 x w )
58
18
M1
M2
( 2.5)

(Chn sn phm y c nng khi lng ca Acetone l 2% )
Tnh Mtb :
Mtb F = xF * M1 + (1- xF ) * M2
(2.6)
= 0.094 * 58 + (1 0.094 ) * 18
= 21.76 ( Kg/Kmol)
Mtb D = xD * M1 + (1- xD ) * M2
(2.7)
= 0.938* 58 + (1 0.938) * 18
= 55.52 ( Kg/Kmol)
Mtb W = xW * M1 + (1- xW ) * M2
(2.8)
= 0.006 * 58 + (1 0.006 ) * 18
= 18.24 ( Kg/Kmol)
Sut lng sn phm nh :
D=
D
1500
=
= 27.017 ( Kmol/h )
55,52
M tbD
(2.9)
( 1 ) v ( 2 ) ta c h phng trnh :
F D W
F * x F D * x D W * x W
(2.10)
F 27.017 W
F * 0.094 27.017 * 0.938 W * 0.006
F 286.13( Kmol / h)
W 259.12( Kmol / h)
F 6226 .19 ( Kg / h)
hay
W 4726 .3( Kg / h)
1.1 th cn bng Acetone Nc :

Thnh phn cn bng lng (x), hi (y) tnh bng %mol v nhit si ca hn
hp hai cu t 760 mmHg ( Acetone nc ):
x 0
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
y 0
60.3 72
80.3 82.7 84.2 85.5 86.9 88.2 90.4 94.3 100
t 100 77.9 69.6 64.5 62.6 61.6 60.7 59.8 59
58.2 57.5 56.9
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N MN HC
ACETONE-NC
1
0.9
y = phan mol acetone trong pha hi
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
x = phan mol acetone trong pha long
1.2 Xc nh ch s hi lu thch hp :
a. Ch s hi lu ti thiu :
Rmin c xc nh da trn gin aceton- nc bng cch t xD=0.938 ta
ging thng ln ct ng lm vic ti mt im, t im ta v tip tuyn vi
ng xy ct trc tung ti mt im c ta l 0.58=xD/(1+Rmin), suy ra Rmin=
0.617. Theo Mc.Cabe-Thiele th R= 1.2:1.5Rmin , ta chn R=1.5Rmin , suy ra
R=0.926.
b. Phng trnh ng lm vic
Phng trnh ng lm vic lm ct :
y=
Rx
xD
x+
Rx 1
Rx 1
(2.11)
thay Rx=0.926 v xD= 0.938, ta c

=0.481*x + 0.487
Phng trnh ng lm vic phn chng:
y=
Rx f
f 1
xx
Rx 1
Rx 1
(2.12)
Trang 17
N MN HC
x D xW
x F xW
Vi f=
0.938 0.006
0.094 0.006
(2.13)
=10.59
y = 5.98*x 0.0299
1.3 Xc nh s mm l thuyt v s mm thc t :
Do iu kin nhp liu l lng bo ha, ta c ng nhp liu l ng :
x = xF = 0.094
k cc ng lm vic ca phn ct v phn chng trn cng th c s
bc thang l 8 , tng ng vi s mm l thuyt l 8 ( k c ni un )
Xc nh hiu sut trung bnh ca thp tb :
tb = f ( , )
=
y 1 x
: bay hi tng i
1 y x
(2.14)
x, y : nng phn mol ca cu t d bay hi trong pha lng, pha hi

nht ca hn hp lng : tra theo nhit
tb = (1 + 2 + 3) / 3
(2.15)
1 , 2 , 3 : ln lt l hiu sut mm nh, mm y, mm nhp liu.
T gin x-y, t-x,y : tm nhit ti cc v tr v nng pha
hi cn bng vi pha lng :
V tr mm nh :
xD = 0.938
yD = 0.942 y D = 0.981
tD = 57 O C
V tr mm nhp liu :
xF = 0.094
yF = 0.75 y F = 0.9063
tF = 67.5 O C
V tr mm y :
xW = 0.006
yW = 0.092 y w = 0.246
tW = 96.5 O C
Xc nh nht, bay hi tng i, hiu sut ti cc v tr :
V tr mm nh :
tD = 57 O C nc = 0.4907 * 10-3 Ns/m2
acetone = 0.2348 * 10-3 Ns/m2
( Tra bng I.102 v I.101 S tay tp mt )
lg hh = xD* lg acetone + ( 1 xD ) * lg nc
(2.16)
Trang 18
N MN HC
=0.938*lg0.2348 * 10-3 +(1-0.938)*lg 0.4907 * 10-3

hh = 0.2458*10-3 Ns/m2
=
y 1 x
1 y x
(2.17)
=(0.942/(1-0.942))*((1-0.938)/0.938)=1.074
* = 1.074*0.2458*10-3 =0.264*10-3
1 = 0.69 ( Hnh IX.11trang 171- S tay tp 2 )
V tr mm nhp liu :
tF = 67.5 O C nc = 0.427 * 10-3 Ns/m2
acetone = 0.2187 * 10-3 Ns/m2
lg hh = xF * lg acetone + ( 1 xF ) * lg nc
(2.18)
-3
= 0.094*lg0.2187 * 10 +(1-0.094)*lg0.427 * 10-3
hh = 0.401 * 10-3 Ns/m2
=
y 1 x
1 y x
(2.19)
=(0.75/(1-0.75))*((1-0.094)/0.094)=24.5
* = 9.8 * 10-3
2 = 0.3( Hnh IX.11 trang 171- S tay tp 2 )
V tr mm y :
tW = 96.5 O C nc = 0.297 * 10-3 Ns/m2
acetone = 0.175 * 10-3 Ns/m2
lg hh = xW * lg acetone + ( 1 xW ) * lg nc
(2.20)
=0.006*lg0.175 * 10-3+(1-0.006)*lg 0.297 * 10-3
hh = 0.296 * 10-3 Ns/m2
= 16.786
* = 4.639 * 10-3
3 = 0.35 ( Hnh IX.11trang 171- S tay tp 2 )
hh = ( 1 + 2 + 3 )/3
(2.21)
= ( 0.69 + 0.3 + 0.35 )/3
= 0.446
Ntt =
8
= 18 ( mm )
0.446
S mm thc t cho phn ct : 13

S mm thc t cho phn chng : 5
V nhp liu mm s : 13
2. Cn bng nng lng
Trang 19
N MN HC
2.1 Cn bng nhit lng ca thp chng ct

Phng trnh cn bng nng lng :
QF + QD 2 + QR = Qy + Qw + Qxq 2 + Qng 2
(2.22)
Nhit lng do hn hp u mang vo QF (j/h)
QF = F .CF .t F
(2.23)
F =6226.19 (Kg/h)
tF = 67.5 oC : nhit i vo ca hn hp u ( trng thi lng si )
CF : nhit dung ring :
tF = 67.5 oC Cnc = 4190 (J/Kg. )
Cacetone = 2329.38 (J/Kg.)
CF = xF .Cacetone + ( 1- xF ).Cnc
= 0.25* 2329.38 + ( 1- 0.25)*4190 = 3724.85 (J/Kg. )
QF = 6226.19 * 3724.85* 67.5 = 1.565*109 (J/h) = 434.8 (KW)
Nhit lng do hi t mang vo thp QD 2 (J/h):
QD 2 = D2 *2 = D2 * (r2 + C2* t2)
(2.24)
o
o
Dng hi nc p sut 2at , r2 = 2173 (Kj/Kg), t = 119.6 C
2 : nhit lng ring ca hi t ( J/Kg)
r2 : n nhit ha hi ( J/Kg)
t2 , C2 : nhit oC v nhit dung ring ca nc ngng (J/Kg.)
Nhit lng do lu lng lng hi lu mang vo :
QR = GR * CR * tR
(2.25)
CR = CD :nhit dung ring ca sn phm nh :
tD = 57 oC Cnc = 4187.75 ( J/Kg.)
Cacetone = 2295.25 (J/Kg. )
CD= CR = xD * Cacetone + ( 1 - xD ) Cnc
(2.26)
= 0.98*2295.25 + ( 1-0.98 )*4187.75 = 2333.1 ( J/Kg. )
GR = D *R = 1500*0.926 = 1389( Kg/h)
(2.27)
tR = tD = 57 oC
QR = 1389*2333.1*57 = 1.844*108 =1.847*108 J/h = 51.31(KW)
Nhit lng do hi mang ra nh thp Qy :
Qy = D .( 1+ R).D
(2.28)
Nhit lng ring ca hi nh thp D :
D = acetone. y D + nc ( 1 - y D )
(2.29)
Vi y D = 0.981 (phn khi lng )
acetone , nc :: nhit lng ring ca acetone, nc :
acetone = racetone + tD . Cacetone
(2.30)
nc = rnc + tD . Cnc
Trang 20
N MN HC
rnc, racetone , Cacetone , C nc tra bng I.212 trang 254 v bng I.153(S
tay tp mt ) tD=57 oC
Cacetone = 2295.25 ( J/Kg. ) 4177.74
Cnc = 4187.75 (J/Kg. )
racetone = 521.68 (Kj/Kg)
rnc
= 2425.7 ( Kj/Kg)
nc = rnc + tD . Cnc=2425.7+57*4187.75 =241.127*103(J/Kg)
acetone = racetone + tD . Cacetone= 521.68+57*2295.25=131.35*103(J/Kg)
D =acetone. y D + nc ( 1 - y D )=131.35*103*0.981+241.127*103*(10.981)
=133.4 ( Kj/Kg)
Qy= D .( 1+ R).D =1500*(1+0.926)*133.4*1000=0.385*109 J/h=107.05
(KW)
* Nhit lng do sn phm y mang ra Qw :
Qw= W .Cw .tw
(2.31)
W = 4726.3 (Kg/h)
tw = 96.5 oC
xw = 0.02 ( phn khi lng )
nhit 96.5 oC Cacetone = 2423.63(J/Kg.)
Cnc = 4223( J/Kg.)
Cw= 4187.013 (J/Kg. )
Qw = W .Cw .tw
=4726.3 *96.5*4187.103 =545.77 (KW)
Nhit lng tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh Qxq2:
Ly Qxq2 = 5%QD 2
(2.32)
Nhit lng do nc ngng mang ra Qng2 (J/h)

Qng2 = Gng2 . C2 .t2
(2.33)
Vy lng hi t cn thit un si dung dch y thp :
Q Qw Qxq 2 QF QR Qy Qw QF QR
D2 = y
2
0.95* r2
(2.34)
= 930 (Kg/h)
2.2 Cn bng nhit lng ca thit b ngng t :
Ch ngng t hi lu :
D.Rx .rD Gn1.Cn1.(t2 t1 )
Gn1 =
D.Rx .rD
Cn1.(t2 t1 )
(2.35)
(2.36)
Trang 21
N MN HC
Chn nhit vo, ra ca nc lm lnh t1 = 30 oC , t2 = 40 0C

t =30+40/2 =35 0C
Nhit dung ring ca nc nhit trung bnh Cn = 4171.25 (J/Kg. )
yD = 0.942 tD (hi) = 57 0C
An nhit ha hi ca aceton 57 0C = 521.6 * 103 (J/Kg)
An nhit ha hi ca nc 57 0C = 2425.7*103 ( J/Kg)
rD =0.98*521.68 * 103 +(1-0.98)* 2425.7*103 = 559.8 *103 ( J/Kg)
Suy ra lng nc lnh cn tiu tn Gn =
=18640.99 (Kg/h)
=5.18( Kg/s)
2.3 Cn bng nhit lng ca thit b lm lnh sn phm nh :
Phng trnh cn bng nng lng :
D.(rD CD .(t1' t2' )) Gn3.Cn .(t2 t1 )
(2.37)
0
Nhit vo ca sn phm nh t =57 C

'
1
'
Nhit ra ca sn phm nh t 2 = 35 0C
Nc lm ngui c nhit vo, ra l :t1 = 30 0C, t2 = 40 0C
Nhit trung bnh ca nc lm lnh ttb = (30+ 40 )/2 = 35 0C
Nhit dung ring ca nc nhit ttb l Cn = 4171.25 (J/Kg. )
Nhit trung bnh ca sn phm nh : t tb' = (57 + 35 )/2 = 46 0C
t tb' = 46 0C Cacetone = 2259.5 ( J/Kg. )
Cnc = 4179.5 (J/Kg. )
CD =0.98*2259.5 +(1-0.98)* 4179.5 =2297.9 ( J/Kg. )
Tra bng I.212 trang 254:
r aceton=530.9 Kj/kg
r nc=2431.5 Kj/kg
An nhit ha hi rD = 0.98*530.9*103 +(1-0.98)* 2431.5 *103
=568902( J/Kg)
Suy ra lng nc cn dng :
D.(rD CD (t1' t2' ))
Gn3 =
=
Cn .(t2 t1 )
(2.38)
=22275.9(Kg/h)
2.4 Cn bng nhit lng ca thit b lm ngui sn phm y ( trao i nhit

vi nhp liu ban u ):
Phng trnh cn
bng nhit lng :
Q1' F.CF .(tF t f ) Qxq W ' .Cw .(t1' t2' )
(2.39)
Trang 22
N MN HC
tf = 30 0C
tF = 67.5 0C
ttb=(tf + t F)/2=48.75oC
Cacetone = 2268.44 ( J/Kg. )
Cnc = 4181.56 ( J/Kg. )
Cf = xF .Cacetone (1 xF ).Cnuoc
(2.40)
= 0.25*2268.44 + ( 1- 0.25)* 4181.56

= 3703.28 ( J/Kg. )
'
t 1 =tw = 96.5 0C
Chn t '2 = 70.5 0C
ttb=(t1+t2)/2=(96.5+70.5)/2=83.50C
Cacetone = 2381.38 ( J/Kg. )
Cnc = 4197 ( J/Kg. )
Cw = xw.Cacetone (1 xw ).Cnuoc
(2.41)
= 0.02 * 2381.38 + ( 1- 0.02 )*4197 = 4160.69 (J/Kg.)
Chn Qxq = 5% Q 'w
(2.42)
0.95* W ' .Cw .(t1' t2' ) F.CF .(tF t f )
(2.43)
Suy ra W theo khi lng:

=(1500*3703.28*(67.5-30))/(0.95*4160.69*(96.5-70.5)
=2026.97 Kg/h
Cn 4726.3 2026.97= 2699.4 (Kg/h) thi ra ngoi.
CHNG 3
TNH TON
THIT B CHNH
Trang 23
N MN HC
I .Kch thc thp

ng knh thp c xc nh theo cng thc sau :
g tb
( y * y ) tb
D = 0.0188
Trong g tb : lng hi trung bnh i trong thp ( Kg/h )

(tb * y )tb : tc hi trung bnh i trong thp ( Kg/h )
V rng lng hi v lng lng thay i theo chiu cao ca thp v khc nhau
trong mi on cho nn ta phi tnh ng knh trung bnh ring cho tng on :
on chng v on ct .
1. ng knh on ct :
Nng trung bnh ca pha lng :
xm = ( xF + xD )/2 = (0.117 + 0.938 )/2 = 0.5257
Nng trung bnh ca pha hi theo phng trnh ng lm vic :
ym = 0.479 * xm + 0.4885
= 0.479 * 0.5275 + 0.4885
= 0.7412
Nhit trung bnh ca pha hi, pha lng t gin t-x,y:
xm = 0.5275 tx = 60.25 OC
ym = 0.7412 ty = 68.3 OC
Khi lng mol trung bnh v khi lng ring pha hi :
Mm = ym * Macetone + ( 1 ym ) * Mnc
= 0.7412 * 58 + ( 1 0.7412 ) * 18
= 47.648 ( Kg/ Kmol )
y =
M m' * TO
47 .648 * 273
=
= 1.701 ( Kg/m3 )
'
22
.
4
*
(
273
68
.
3
)
22.4 * T y
Khi lng ring pha lng :

xm = 0.5275 x m =
0.5275 * 58
0.5275 * 58 (1 0.5275 ) *18
= 0.7825 ( phn khi lng )

t x = 60.25 C acetone = 746 ( Kg/m3 )
nc = 983 ( Kg/m3 )
( Bng I.2 S tay tp mt )
xm
'
+
'
'
acetone
nuoc
0.7825
(1 0.7825)
=
+
746
983
-3
= 1.270 * 10
= 787.28 (Kg/m3 )
Lng hi trung bnh i trong on luyn :
x'
'
(1 x m )
Trang 24
N MN HC
tb = ( g + g1 )/2 ( Kg/h )
g : lng hi ra khi a trn cng
g = GR + GD = GD ( Rx + 1)
= D ( Rx +1 ) = 1500 ( 0.92 + 1)
= 2880 ( Kg/h )
g1 : lng hi i vo a di cng ca on ct
g1 = G1 + GD = G1 + D
= G1 + 1500 (Kg/h )
Lng hi g1, hm lng y 1 , lng lng G1 c xc nh theo h phng
trnh sau :
g1 G1 D
g1 * y1 G1 * x1 D * x D ( x1 = x F )
g * r g * r
d
d
1 1
r1 = racetone * y 1 + ( 1 - y 1 ) * rnc
r = racetone * y D + ( 1 - y D ) * rnc
Ti v tr nhp liu :
tF = 68.5 OC ra = racetone = 509.38 ( Kj/Kg )
rb = rnc = 2388.57 ( Kj/ Kg )
( Bng I.212-S tay tp mt )
r1 = r a * y 1 + ( 1 - y 1 ) * r b
= 2388.57 - 1879.19 * y 1
Ti v tr nh thp :
tD = 57.25 OC ra = racetone = 521.46 ( Kj/Kg )
rb = rnc = 2425.60 ( Kj/ Kg )
( Bng I.212-S tay tp mt )
yD = 0.962 ( phn mol ) y D = 0.988 ( phn khi lng )
r = r a * y D + ( 1 - y D ) r b
= 544.31 ( Kj/ Kg )
g1 * r1 = g * r = 1567612.8
g1 G1 1500
g1 * y1 G1 * 0.30 1500 * 0.98 ( r1 = 2388.57 1879.19* y 1 )

g * r 1567612.8
1 1
y1 0.834
g1 1909.448
G 409.448
1
gtb = ( g1 + g ) /2
= ( 1909.448 + 2880 )/2 = 2394.72 ( Kg/h)
Vn tc hi i trong thp :
Trang 25
N MN HC
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * [] * h * x * y
tb
tb
(Kg/m2*s )
x tb : khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha lng:

x = 787.28 ( Kg/m3 )
y tb : khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha hi:
y = 1.701( Kg/ m3)
h : khong cch mm ( m ), chn h = 0.3
[] : h s tnh n sc cng b mt
1
(acetone , nuoc tra bng I.242- S tay tp mt )

nuoc
1
1
=(
+
)
64.706
17.604
hh = 13.84 < 20 dyn/cm
Nn theo s tay tp hai : [] = 0.8
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * 0.8 * 0.3 * 787 .28 *1.701
= 1.042 (Kg/m2*s )
ng knh on ct :
2394 .72
Dct = 0.0188 *
= 0.901 ( m )
1.042
Chn Dct theo tiu chun : 0.9 ( m)
2. ng knh on luyn :
Nng trung bnh ca pha lng :
xm = ( xF + xW )/2 = (0.117 + 0.006 )/2 = 0.0615
Nng trung bnh ca pha hi theo phng trnh ng lm vic :
ym = 4.8521 * xm - 0.023
= 4.8521 * 0.0615 0.023
= 0.2754
Nhit trung bnh ca pha hi, pha lng t gin t-x,y:
xm = 0.0615 tx = 73.75 OC
ym = 0.2754 ty = 89.91 OC
Khi lng mol trung bnh v khi lng ring pha hi :
Mm = ym * Macetone + ( 1 ym ) * Mnc
= 0.2754 * 58 + ( 1 0.2754 ) * 18
= 29.016 ( Kg/ Kmol )
M " *T
29 .016 * 273
y = m O" =
= 0.974 ( Kg/m3 )
22
.
4
*
(
273
89
.
91
)
22.4 * T y
hh
acetone
Khi lng ring pha lng :

xm = 0.0615 x m = 0.1743 ( phn khi lng )
tx = 73.75 OC acetone = 727.44 ( Kg/m3 )
nc = 975.44 ( Kg/m3 )
( Bng I.2 S tay tp mt )
Trang 26
N MN HC
x"

"
=
=
xm
"
acetone
''
(1 x m )
''
nuoc
0.1743
(1 0.1743)
+
727.44
975.44
x = 920.73 (Kg/m3 )
Lng hi trung bnh i trong on chng :
gtb = ( gn + g1 )/2 ( Kg/h )
g1: lng hi i vo on chng
gn : lng hi ra khi on chng
V lng hi ra khi on chng bng lng hi i vo on luyn nn g n
= g1
Hay gtb = ( g1 + g1 )/2

Lng hi i vo on chng g1, lng lng G1 v hm lng lng x1
c xc nh theo h phng trnh cn bng vt cht v cn bng nng lng :
G1' g1' W
'
'
'
G1 * x1 g1 * y W W * x W g
' '
'
'
g1 * r1 g n * rn g1 * r1
Vi W = 3644.86 ( Kg/h )
xW
= 0.02
xW = 0.006 t ng cn bng yW = 0.09 ( phn mol )
yW = 0.242 ( phn khi lng )
gi * r1 = 1567612.8
r1 = ra * yW + ( 1 - yW ) rb
Ti y thp :
tW = 96 OC ra = 477.71 ( Kj/Kg )
rb = 2273.43 ( Kj/Kg )
( Bng I.212- S tay tp mt )
r1 = 1838.86 ( Kg/Kg )
g1' 852.49( Kg / h)
G1' 4497.35( Kg / h)
'
x1 0.062
Lng hi trung bnh i trong on chng :

gtb = ( g1 + g1 )/2 = ( 1909.448 + 760.58 ) /2 = 1380.97 ( Kg/h)
Vn tc hi i trong thp :
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * [] * h * x * y (Kg/m2*s )
tb
tb
x tb : khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha lng = x = 920.73 (Kg/m3)

y tb : khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha hi = y = 0.974 ( Kg/ m3 )
Trang 27
N MN HC
h : khong cch mm ( m ), chn h = 0.3

[] : h s tnh n sc cng b mt
1
hh
acetone
nuoc
(acetone , nuoc tra bng I.242 nhit ty = 89.91O C- S tay tp mt )
1
1
=(
+
)
15
60.75
hh = 12.03 < 20 dyn/cm
Nn theo s tay tp hai : [] = 0.8
( y * y )tb = 0.065 * 0.8 * 0.3 * 920 .73 * 0.974
= 0.853 (Kg/m2*s )
ng knh on chng :
1380 .97
Dchng = 0.0188 *
= 0.756 ( m )
0.853
Chn Dchng theo tiu chun = 0.8 ( m)
Do chn Dthp = 0.8 ( m )
3. Chiu cao thp :
Chiu cao thp c xc nh theo cng thc sau :
H = Ntt * ( H + ) + ( 0.8 1.0 ) ( m )
Vi Ntt : s a thc t = 13
: chiu dy ca mm, chn = 4 ( mm ) = 0.004 ( m )
H : khong cch gia cc mm ( m ) , chn theo bng IX.4a- S tay
tp hai, H = 0.3 ( m )
( 0.8 1.0 ) : khong cch cho php nh v y thp
H = 13 * ( 0.3 + 0.004 ) + ( 0.8 1.0 ) = 5 ( m )
I. Tnh ton chp v ng chy chuyn

Chn ng knh ng hi dh = 47 ( mm ) = 0.047 ( m )
S chp phn b trn a :
D2
0 .8 2
N = 0.1 * 2 = 0.1 *
= 29 ( chp )
0.047 2
dh
( D : ng knh trong ca thp )
Chiu cao chp pha trn ng dn hi :
h2 = 0.25 * dh = 0.01175 ( m )
ng knh chp:
dch =
d h2 (d h 2 * ch ) 2
ch : chiu dy chp, chn bng 2 ( mm )

dch = 47 2 (47 2 * 2) 2 = 69.39 ( mm )
Chn dch = 70 (mm)
Trang 28
N MN HC
Khong cch t mt a n chn thp :

S = 0 25 ( mm ), chn S = 12.5 ( mm )
Chiu cao mc cht lng trn khe chp :
h1 = 15 40 ( mm ), chn h1 = 30 ( mm )
Tit din thp :
F = * D2/4 = 3.1416 * 0.82/4 =0.5062 ( m2 )
Bc ti thiu ca chp trn mm :
tmin = dch + 2*ch + l2
l2 : khang cch nh nht gia cc chp
l2 = 12.5 + 0.25*dch = 12.5 + 0.25*71 = 36.25 (mm)
chn l2 = 35 (mm)
tmin =70 + 2*2 + 35 = 109 (mm)
A. Tnh cho phn ct :
Chiu cao khe chp :
b = ( * 2y * y)/ (g * x )
: h s tr lc ca a chp = 1.5 2 , chn = 2
y = ( 4* Vy )/ ( 3600 * * d2h * n )
Vy : lu lng hi i trong thp
Vy = gtb / y = 2193.16/1.701 = 1407.83 ( m3/h)
tb
y = ( 4* 1407.83) / ( 3600 * * 0.0472 * 29 )

= 7.772 ( m/s)
b = ( 2 * 7.7722 * 1.701 ) / ( 9.81 * 787.28 )
= 26.6 * 10-3 ( m )
Chn b = 20 ( mm ) ( 10 50 mm )
Chiu rng khe chp : a = 2 : 7 mm ; chn a = 2 ( mm )
S lng khe h ca mi chp :
i = /c * ( dch
d h2
)
4*b
c = 3 4 mm ( khong cch gia cc khe ) , chn c = 3 ( mm )

i = 3.1416/3 * ( 70 -
47 2
) = 44.4 ( khe )
4 * 20
Chn i = 45 ( khe )
Gx : lu lng lng trung bnh i trong thp ( Kg/h )
1
* ( G 1 + GF )
2
1
= * (409.448 + 5144.86 )
2
Gx =
= 2777.15 ( Kg/h)
z : s ng chy chuyn , chn z = 1
c : tc cht lng trong ng chy chuyn , c = 0.1 0.2 ( m/s )
Chn c = 0.15 ( m/s )
Trang 29
N MN HC
x = 787.28 ( Kg/m3 )
B. Tnh cho phn chng :
Chiu cao khe chp :
b = ( * 2y * y)/ (g * x )
: h s tr lc ca a chp = 1.5 2 , chn = 2
y = ( 4* Vy )/ ( 3600 * * d2h * n )
Vy : lu lng hi i trong thp
Vy = gtb / 'y = 1380.97 / 0.984 = 1407.83 ( m3/h)
tb
y = ( 4* 1417.83) / (3600 * 3.1416 * 0.0472 * 29 )

= 7.828 ( m/s)
b = ( 2 * 7.828 * 0.974 ) / ( 9.81 * 920.73 )
= 0.0132 ( m )
Chn b = 20 ( mm ) ( 10 50 mm )
Chiu rng khe chp : a = 2 : 7 mm ; chn a = 2 ( mm )
S lng khe h ca mi chp :
d h2
i = /c * ( dch
)
4*b
c = 3 : 4 mm ( khong cch gia cc khe ) , chn c = 3 ( mm )

47 2
i = 3.1416/3 * ( 70 ) = 44.4 ( khe )
4 * 20
Chn i= 45 ( khe )
Gx : lu lng lng trung bnh i trong thp ( Kg/h )
1
* ( G 1 + G F )
2
1
= * ( 4405.44 + 5144.86 )
2
G x =
= 4775.15 ( Kg/h)
z : s ng chy chuyn , chn z = 1
c : tc cht lng trong ng chy chuyn , c = 0.1 0.2 ( m/s )
Chn c = 0.15 ( m/s )
x = 920.73 ( Kg/m3 )
l1 : khong cch nh nht gia chp v ng chy chuyn
Chn l1 = 75 ( mm )
c : b dy ng chy chuyn, chn c = 2 ( mm )
Chiu cao lp cht lng trn mm :
hm = h1 + ( S + hsr + b )
= 30 + 12.5 + 5 + 20
= 67.5 (mm)
hsr : khong cch t mp di ca chp n mp di ca khe chp
chn hsr = 5 mm
Tit din ng hi :
Trang 30
N MN HC
Srj = S1= * dh2,t /4 = 3.1416*0.0472 /4 = 0.001735 m2

Tit din hnh vnh khn :
Saj = S2 = *( d2ch,t - d2h,n )/4 = 3.1416*(0.072 - 0.0512)
= 0.001805 (m2 )
Tng din tch cc khe chp :
S3 = i.a.b = 45*0.002*0.02 =0.0018 m2
Tit din l m trn ng hi :
S4 = .dhi.h2 = 3.1416 * 0.047*0.01175
= 0.001735 m2
Nn ta c S1 S2 S3 S4 ( hp l )
L tho lng :
Tit din ct ngang ca thp F = 0.5026 m2
C 1 m2 chn 4 cm2 l tho lng . Do tng din tch l tho lng trn
mt mm l:0.5026 *4 /1 = 2.0104 cm2
Chn ng knh l tho lng l 5mm = 0.5cm
Nn s l tho lng cn thit trn mt mm l :
2.0104
10 l
*d2
4
** Kim tra khong cch gia cc mm :

2
y F * y
hmin = 23300* *
x n * * d ch ,t
y , x : khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha hi, pha lng
y = ('y+ "y)/2 = 1.3375 ( Kg/m3)
x = ('x+ "x)/2 = 854.005 (Kg/m3)
y : vn tc hi trung bnh i trong thp
'
*
y * y tb
y
y tb
y'
"y
y =
2
= 0.7441 (m/s)
1.3775 0.5026*0.7441
hmin = 23300*
*
= 0.12 (m) < 0.3 (m)
854.005 29* *0.071
Vy khong cch gia hai mm l 0.3 m l hp l.

m l chp hs :
y
hs = 7.55*

y
x
1/ 3
2/ 3 V
* H s * G
Ss
2/ 3
Hs = hso = b = 20 (mm)
VG = ( Vy + V'y) /2 = 0.3924 (m3/s)
Trang 31
N MN HC
Ss = n * S3= 29*0.0018 = 0.0522 (m2)

1/ 3
1.3375
2/ 3 0.3924
hs = 7.55*
*20 *
854.005 1.3375
0.0522
h
Nn ta c s 1.24 1 : kh hp l
hso
2/ 3
= 24.805 (mm)
Chiu cao mc cht lng trn g chy trn :

Q
hwo = 2.84 * K* L
Lw
2/3
Vi K : h s hiu chnh cho g chy trn , ph thuc vo 2 gi tr :

QL
4.772
0.226*
6.685
2.5
2.5
L
0.48
x = 0.226*
Trong :
QL :lu lng pha lng trung bnh trong thp c tnh nh sau :
+ Lu lng cht lng trong phn ct ca thp :
QL'
GD * Rx * M m'
D * Rx * M m'
1500*0.92*47.648
0.00042(m3 / s)
'
3600* M D * x 3600*55.52*787.28 3600*55.52*787.28
+ Lu lng cht lng trong phn chng ca thp :

GD * Rx GF
M m"
D * Rx
M m"
F
Q (
)*
(
)*
MD
M F 3600* x"
MD
M F 3600* x"
"
L
1500*0.92 5144.86
29.016
(
)*
0.00220(m3 / s)
55.52
22.68
3600*920.73
+ Lu lng cht lng trung bnh trong thp :

QL = ( Q'L + Q"L) /2 = 0.0013 ( m3/s)
= 4.772 ( m3/h)
Lw : chiu di g chy trn = 0.6*D = 0.48 (m)
Lw
0.6
D
Tra th hnh IX22 trang 186 S tay tp hai, c K = 1.12

4.722
Do how = 2.84 * 1.12 *
0.48
2/ 3
14.60(mm)
Gradient chiu cao mc cht lng trn mm :

= Cg * ' *nh
-Chiu rng trung bnh ca mm Bm :
+ Chiu rng ca ng chy chuyn : dw = 0.08* D= 0.064 (m)
+ Din tch ca ng chy chuyn Sd = 0.04*F = 0.02 (m2)
Khong cch gia hai g chy trn l = D - 2.dw= D ( 1 -2*0.08)=0.84D
+ Din tch gia hai g chy trn :
A = F - 2*Sd = F(1 -2*0.04 ) = 0.92F
Trang 32
N MN HC
Chiu rng trung bnh : Bm =

-
A 0.92* F
0.86 D = 0.688(m)
l 0.84* D
H s iu chnh tc pha kh Cg ph thuc hai gi tr :

+ x = 1.34 *
QL
4.722
1.34*
9.197
Bm
0.688
+ 0.82* v* G = 0.82*0.7806*1.3375 = 0.74

Vi v=
4*VG
4*0.3924
0.7806(m / s)
2
* D 3.1416*0.82
Tra th hnh 5.10 trang 80 Tp 3 (K thut phn ring ) c

Cg = 0.71
- Gi tr 4* ' tra t hnh 5.14a trang 81 Tp 3 vi:
x = 9.179
hsc = 12.5
hm = 67.5
c 4. ' = 6.5 hay ' = 6.5/4 = 1.625
- S hng chp nh = 5
Khi = 0.71 * 1.625 * 5 = 5.77 (mm)
o Chiu cao g chy trn hw :
Do hm = hw + how + 0.5 =
Suy ra hw = hm - how - 0.5* = 67.5 - 14.6 - 0.5*5.77 = 50.015 (mm)
o Kim tra s n nh ca mm :
< 0.5 ( hfv + hs )
gim p do ma st v bin i vn tc pha kh thi qua chp khi
khng c cht lng, hfv :
y
V
hfv =274* E *
* G
x y Sr
Saj/Srj 1 , nn theo hnh 5.16 trang 83 Tp 3 c E= 0.65

Sr = n*Srj = 29*0.001735 = 0.050837 (m2)
Nn hfv = 274* 0.65 *
1.3375
0.3924
*
= 16.645(mm)
850.01 1.3375 0.050837
Do 0.5*(hfv + hs ) = 0.5 * (16.645 + 24.805 ) = 20.725 > ( = 5.77 )

Vy mm n nh .
gim p ca pha kh qua mt mm ht :
- Chiu cao thy tnh lp cht lng trn l chp g chy trn hss :
hss = hw - (hsc + hsr + Hs )
= 50.015 - ( 12.5 + 5 +20 )
= 12.915 (mm)
- gim p ca pha kh qua mt mm :
ht = hfv + hs + hss + how + 0.5*
= 16.645 + 24.805 + 12.515 + 15.71 + 0.5*5.77 = 72.56 (mm)
Trang 33
N MN HC
Chiu cao lp cht lng khng bt trn ng chy chuyn :

hd = hw + how + + h'd +ht
- Tn tht thy lc do dng lng chy t ng chy chuyn vo mm
h'dc xc nh theo biu thc sau :
2
QL
h'd = 0.128*
, mmcht lng
100 * S d
Khong cch gia hai g chy trn l = 0.84D = 0.84*800 =672

<1500
nn khong cch gia mp trn ca g chy trn v mp di
ca ng chy
chuyn c chn l 12.5 mm
Do khong cch gia mp di ng chy chuyn v mm :
S1 = 50.015 - 12.5 = 37.515 (mm)=0.0375 (m)
Nn tit din gia ng chy chuyn v mm di :
Sd = 0.0375*Lw = 0.0375*0.48 = 0.018 ( m2)
2
V h'd = 0.128 *
4.722
= 0.88
100*0.018
Ta tnh c hd = 50.015 + 14.6 + 5.77 + 0.88 + 74.955 = 147.10(mm)

** Chiu cao hd dng kim tra mm : m bo iu kin thp khng
b ngp lt khi hot ng, ta c :
hd = 147.10 < 0.5 H = 150
Cht lng chy vo ng chy chuyn tc :
dtw = 0.8* how * ho
+ Khong cch ri t do trong ng chy chuyn :
ho = H + hw - hd = 300 +50.015 -147.1 = 202.91 mm
+ how = 14.60(mm)
Suy ra dtw = 0.8* 14.60* 202.9 43.54 (mm)
- i lng ny kim tra cht lng chy vo thp c u khng v cht
lng khng va p vo thnh : t s
d tw
0.6
dw
43.54/64 = 0.68 0.6

gim p tng cng ca pha hi gia thp :
Ht = Nt * ht = 13*74.955*10-3 =0.9744 mcht lng
Vy ng tr lc ton thp :
P = *g*Ht = 854.01 * 9.81*0.9744 = 8163.49 N/m2 = 0.102 at
II. Tnh chi tit ng dn
1. ng knh ng dn hi vo thit b ngng t :
d=
4 * Qy
*v
Qy : lu lng hi i ra khi nh thp ( m3/s)
Qy =
Gy
3600 * y
2880
= 0.470 ( m3/s)
3600 *1.701
Trang 34
N MN HC
v : vn tc hi i qua ng, chn v = 30 ( m/s )

d1 =
4 * 0.470
= 0.141 ( m ) = 141 ( mm )
3.1416 *30
Chn d1 = 150 ( mm )
Theo s tay tp hai Bng XIII-32 trang 434 , chn l1 = 130 ( mm ) ( chiu di
on ni ng )
2. ng dn dng chy hon lu :
d=
4*Q
*v
Lng hon lu G = GD * R = 1500 * 0.92 = 1380 ( Kg/h)
Q=
G
1380
=
= 4.869 * 10-4 ( m3 /h )
3600 * x 3600 * 787.28
(x : khi lng ring pha lng trong on ct = x = 787.28 Kg/m3 )

Chn v = 0.6 ( m/s )
4*4.869*104
d2 =
= 0.035 ( m ) = 35 ( mm )
3.1416*0.5
Chn d2 = 40
Theo s tay tp hai Bng XIII-32 trang 434 , chn l2 = 100 ( mm )
3. ng dn dng nhp liu :
d=
Q=
4*Q
*v
GF
5144 .86
=
3600 * F
3600 * F
tF = 68.5OC ( bng I.2 S tay tp mt ) acetone = 734.52 ( Kg/m3)

nc = 978.32 ( Kg/m3)
F = 0.117 * 734.52 + ( 1 0.117 ) * 978.32
= 949.80 ( Kg/m3)
Q = 1.505 * 10-3 ( m3/s )
Chn v = 0.5 ( m/s )
4*1.505*103
d3 =
= 0.062 ( m ) = 62 ( mm )
3.1416*0.5
Chn d3 = 80 ( mm )
l3 = 110 ( mm )
4. ng dn dng sn phm y :
d=
Q=
4*Q
*v
GW
3644 .86
=
3600 * W
3600 * W
tW = 96 OC ( bng I.2 S tay tp mt ) acetone = 698.2 ( Kg/m3)

Trang 35
N MN HC
nc = 960.8 ( Kg/m3)
W = 0.006*698.2 + (1 0.006 ) * 960.8
= 959.22 ( Kg/m3)
Q = 1.056 * 10-3 ( m3/s )
Chn v = 1.0 ( m/s )
4*1.056*103
d4 =
= 0.0366 ( m ) = 36.6 ( mm )
3.1416*1.0
Chn d3 = 40 ( mm )
l3 = 100 ( mm )
5. ng dn t ni un qua thp :
d=
Q=
4*Q
*v
GW
3644.86
=
= 1.039 ( m3/s )
"
3600 * 0.974
3600 * y
Chn v = 35 ( m/s )
d5 =
4 *1.039
= 0.194 ( m ) = 194 ( mm )
3.1416 *35
Chn d5 = 200 ( mm )
l5 = 130 ( mm )
III. Tnh tr lc thp
Tr lc thp chp c xc nh theo cng thc :
P = Ntt * P ( N/m2)
Ntt : s mm thc ca thp
P : tng tr lc qua mt mm
phn chng v phn ct, tr lc qua cc a khng ng u . Do
chnh xc , tr lc s c tnh ring cho tng phn .
A. Tng tr lc phn ct :
Tng tr lc qua mt da :
P = Pk + Ps +Pt
1. Tr lc a kh Pk :
Pk = * y* 20 ( N/m2)
: h s tr lc a kh, = 4.5 : 5 , chn = 5
y = y = 1.701 ( Kg/m3)
o : vn tc hi qua rnh chp ( m/s )
o =
V y'
n*i *a *b
Vy : lu lng pha hi trung bnh i trong phn ct

Vy = 1407.83 (m3/h) = 0.3911 (m3/s)
Trang 36
N MN HC
O =
0.3911
= 7.492 (m/s)
29 * 45 * 0.002 * 0.02
Pk = 5*1.701* 7.4922 /2 = 238.67 ( N/m2)

2. Tr lc do sc cng b mt :
4 *
Ps =
d td
: sc cng b mt trung bnh ca hn hp

tx = 60.25 OC acetone = 18.6*10-3 (N/m)
nc = 66.2*10-3 (N/m)
( Tra bng I-242 S tay tp mt )
1
hh acetone nuoc
hh = 14.52*10-3 (N/m)
dtd : ng knh tng ng ca khe rnh :
4. f x
4.a.b
dtd =
=
2.( a b)
H
fx : din tch tit din t do ca rnh
H : chu vi rnh
dtd = 4.2.20 / 2(2+20) = 3.64 ( mm ) = 3.64*10-3 (m)
Ps = 4. / dtd = 4*14.52 10-3 / ( 3.6410-3 ) = 15.972 ( N/m2)
3. Tr lc ca lp cht lng trn a ( Tr lc thy tnh Pt )
Pt = b.g.( hb hr /2) (N/m2)
b : khi lng ring ca bt, thng b = ( 0.4 0.6 ). x
Chn b = 0.5*x = 0.5*787.28 ( Kg/m3) = 393.64 ( Kg/m3)
hr : chiu cao ca khe chp (m), hr = b = 20 (mm) = 0.02 (m)
hb : chiu cao lp bt trn a (m)
(h hx ).( F f ). x hx . b . f (hch hx ). f . b
hb = c
F . b
hc : chiu cao on ng chy chuyn nh ln trn a
hc = 50.015 (mm) = 0.05 (m)
hx : chiu cao lp cht lng ( khng ln bt ) trn a
hx = S + 0.5*b = 0.0125 + 0.5* 0.02 = 0.0225 (m) = 22.5 (mm)
F : phn din tch b mt a c gn chp ( ngha l tr hai phn din tch
a b tr ng chy chuyn )
Fo = F 2*Sd = 0.92 * F = 0.4624 (m2)
f : tng din tch cc chp trn a
f = 0.785* dch2 *n
= 0.785 * (70/100)2*29 = 0.115 (m2)
hch : chiu cao ca chp
hch = hc + = 0.05 + 0.0157 = 0.0657 (m)
Trang 37
N MN HC
hb =
(0.05 0.0157 0.0225) * (0.4624 0.115) * 787.28 * 0.0225 * 393.64 * 0.115

0.4624 * 393.64
(0.0657 0.0225) * 0.115 * 393.64
+
0.4624 * 393.64
= 0.0786 (m) = 78.6 (mm)

Pt = 393.64 * 9.81 * ( 0.0786 0.02/2 ) = 275.14 (N/m2)
o Tng tr lc qua mt a :
P = Pk + Ps +Pt
= 238.67 + 15.972 + 275.14 = 529.79 (N/m2)
o Tng tr lc phn ct:
Pct = Ntt.ct * P.ct = 10* 529.79 = 2 (N/m2)
B. Tng tr lc phn chng :
Tng tr lc qua mt da :
P = Pk + Ps +Pt
1. Tr lc a kh Pk :
Pk = * y* 20 ( N/m2)
: h s tr lc a kh, = 4.5 5 , chn = 5
y = y = 0.974 ( Kg/m3)
o : vn tc hi qua rnh chp ( m/s )
o =
V y"
n*i *a *b
Vy : lu lng pha hi trung bnh i trong phn chng :

Vy =1417.83 (m3/h)
= 0.3938 (m3/s)
O =
0.3938
= 7.545 (m/s)
29 * 45 * 0.002 * 0.02
Pk = 5* 0.974 * 7.5452 /2 = 138.61 ( N/m2)

2. Tr lc do sc cng b mt :
4 *
Ps =
d td
: sc cng b mt trung bnh ca hn hp

tx = 73.75 OC acetone = 16.95*10-3 (N/m)
nc = 63.72*10-3 (N/m)
( Tra bng I-242 S tay tp mt )
1
hh acetone nuoc
hh = 13.39*10-3 (N/m)
dtd : ng knh tng ng ca khe rnh :
4. f x
4.a.b
dtd =
=
2.( a b)
H
Trang 38
N MN HC
fx : din tch tit din t do ca rnh

H : chu vi rnh
dtd = 4.2.20 / 2(2+20) = 3.64 ( mm ) = 3.64*10-3 (m)
Ps = 4. / dtd = 4*13.39* 10-3 / ( 3.6410-3 ) = 14.71 ( N/m2)
3. Tr lc ca lp cht lng trn a ( Tr lc thy tnh Pt )
Pt = b.g.( hb hr /2) (N/m2)
b : khi lng ring ca bt, thng b = ( 0.4 0.6 ). x
Chn b = 0.5*x = 0.5* 920.73 ( Kg/m3) = 460.365 ( Kg/m3)
hr
: chiu cao ca khe chp (m), hr = b = 20 (mm) = 0.02 (m)
hb : chiu cao lp bt trn a (m)
(h hx ).( F f ). x hx . b . f (hch hx ). f . b
hb = c
F . b
: chiu cao ca cht lng trn ng chy chuyn = h = 15.71 (mm)

= 0.0157 (m)
hc : chiu cao on ng chy chuyn nh ln trn a
hc = 50.015 (mm) = 0.05(m)
hx : chiu cao lp cht lng ( khng ln bt ) trn a
hx = S + 0.5*b = 0.0125 + 0.5* 0.02 = 0.0225 (m) = 22.5 (mm)
F
: phn din tch b mt a c gn chp ( ngha l tr hai phn din
tch a b tr ng chy chuyn )
Fo = F 2*Sd = 0.92 * F = 0.4624 (m2)
b = 393.64 (Kg/m3)
f
: tng din tch cc chp trn a
f = 0.785* dch2 *n
= 0.785 * (70/100)2* 29 = 0.115 (m2)
hch : chiu cao ca chp
hch = hc + = 0.05 + 0.0157 = 0.0657 (m)
hb =
(0.05 0.0157 0.0225) * (0.4624 0.115) * 920.73* 0.0225* 460.365* 0.115

0.4624* 460.365
(0.0657 0.0225) * 0.115* 460.365
+
0.4624* 460.365
= 0.08125 (m) = 81.25 (mm)

Pt = 460.365 * 9.81 * ( 0.08125 0.02/2 ) = 321.78 (N/m2)
o Tng tr lc qua mt a :
P = Pk + Ps +Pt
= 138.61 + 8.03 + 321.78 = 4576.11 (N/m2)
o Tng tr lc phn chng :
Pchng = Ntt.chng * P.chng = 3*457.11 = 1425.32 (N/m2)
Tng tr lc ca thp P :
P = Pct + Pchng
= 5297.9 + 1425.32 = 6723.22 (N/m2) = 0.068 (at)
Trang 39
N MN HC
** Kim tra li khong cch mm h = 0.3 m m bo iu kin hot ng

bnh thng ca thp :
h > 1.8*
Pd
x .g
V P-ct > P-chng nn ta ly P-ct kim tra :

1.8*
529.79
=0 0.106 < 0.3 tha
920.73*9.81
Vy chn h= 0.3 l hp l .
CHNG 4
TNH TON C KH
Trang 40
N MN HC
1. Tnh b dy thn tr ca thp

Thn ca thp c ch to bng phng php hn h quang. Thn thp c
ghp t nhiu on bng mi ghp bch.
Tra bng IX.5 ta chn vi ng knh trong ca thp D = 800(mm), khong
cch gia cc a H = 300 (mm), chn khong cch gia hai mt ni bch 1200
(mm), s a gia hai mt bch n = 4
Chn vt liu lm thn l thp khng g X18H10T. nhit lm vic
t = tmax + 200C
Tc n mn ca thp 0.1 mm/nm.
Da vo bng XII.4 v bng XII.7 (Tnh cht vt l ca kim loi en v hp
kim ca chng), cc thng s c trng ca X18H10T (vi chiu dy tm thp 4
25 mm):
Gii hn bn ko: k = 550.106 N/m2
Gii hn bn chy: ch = 550.106 N/m2
H s dn khi ko nhit 20 1000C l 16.6*10-6 1/0C
Khi lng ring = 7.9*103 (Kg/m3)
H s an ton bn ko: nk = 2.6
H s an ton bn chy: nch = 2.6
Nhit nng chy: t = 14000C
M un n hi: E = 2.1*105 N/mm2
H s Poat xng = 0.33
iu kin lm vic ca thp chng ct :
p sut bn trong thp (tnh ti y thp) vi mi trng lm vic lng - kh:
P = Ph + PL + P
p sut hi trong thp: Ph = 1 at = 9.81*104 (N/m2)
p sut thy tnh ca ct cht lng: PL = L * g *H
L = 857.625 (Kg/m3)
H= 1.1* H0 = 4.347 (m) (C k n ct cht lng y, np)
PL = 857.625 *9.81 * 4.347 = 3.6420 *104 (N/m2)
Tng tr lc ca thp: P = 10559.02 (N/m2)
Do p sut ti y thp: P = 10559.02 + 9.81*104 + (N/m2) < 0.25*106
(N/m2)
Theo bng XIII.8: gi tr bn hn ca thn hnh tr, hn h quang in
Dt = 800 (mm), thp hp kim h = 0.95
Do trn thn c khot l nn h s bn ca thnh hnh tr theo phng dc
c tnh theo cng thc:
h .
H0 d
5 6*0.24
0.95*(
) 0.68
H0
5
(Xem tng ng 6 l quan st ng knh = 240(mm), cha tnh n mt

s l ni ng dn hi)
ng sut cho php [k] ca vt liu c tnh:
Trang 41
N MN HC
[k] =
k
nk
ch
550.106
.0.95 200.95*106 ( N / m2 )
2.6
220.106
*0.95 139.33*106 ( N / m2 )
nch
1.5
Chn [] = Min ([k], [ch]) = 139.33 *106 (N/m2)
B dy thp c tnh theo cng thc:
P * Dt
S=
2[ ] * P
[ ] * 139 .33 * 10 6 * 0.68
Do
=665.80 > 25 nn:
P
1.423 * 10 5
P * Dt
1.423 * 10 5 * 0.8
S=
=
= 6.01*10-4( m)
6
2[ ] * 2 * 139 .33 *10 * 0.68
= 0.601 (mm)
B dy thc t ca thn thp :
S = S + C
Trong C = Ca + Cb + Co
Chn thit b lm vic trong 15 nm: H s b sung do n mn:
Ca = 15*0.1 = 1.5 (mm)
H s b sung do bo mn c hc ca mi trng Cb = 0
H s b sung do sai lch khi ch to v lp rp: C0 = 0.4 (mm)
H s quy trn bng 1.499 (mm)
Do C = 1.5 + 0.4 + 1.499 = 3.399(mm)
Khi S = S +C = 4 (mm)
Kim tra b dy ca thn :
- Kim tra iu kin :
S Ca
0.1
D
(tha)
4 1.5
0.003 0.1
800
- Kim tra p sut tnh ton bn trong thit b :
2 * [ ] * * (S C a ) 2 * 139.33 * 10 6 * 0.68 * (4 1.5)
5.90 * 105 ( N / m 2 )
[P] =
D (S C a )
800 (4 1.5)
Nh vy [P] > P (hp l)
Nn chiu dy ca thn S = (mm)
2. Tnh - chn b dy y v np thit b
y v np cng l mt b phn quan trng thng c ch to cng loi vt
liu vi thn thit b. S dng thp khng g X18H10T.
- Chn loi y np hnh elip c g
- Tnh b dy y v np ging nhau:
Cc thng s y v np:
[ch] =
Trang 42
N MN HC
y- np elip c:
ht
0.25
Dt
ht = 0.25 * Dt = 0.25 * 0.8 = 0.2 (m) = 200(mm)

Chn chiu cao g h = 25 (mm)
Nn din tch b mt trong 0.76 (m2) tra bng XIII.10 trang 382 S tay tp 2
h = 200
25
D = 800
Bn knh cong bn trong y- np thp: Rt = Dt = 800 (mm)

Chiu dy y v np elip ca thit b chu p sut trong:
S =
D t .P
D
* t
3.8 * [ k ] * k * h P 2.hb
H s khng th nguyn:
k=1-
d
0 .2
= 1= 0.75
Dt
0 .8
(ng knh l np: d = 0.2 m)

Do :
S =
0.8 *1.423 *10 5

0.8
*
6
5
3.8 * 200 .95 *10 * 0.75 * 0.95 1.423 *10 2 * 0.2
= 0.419*10-3 (m) = 0.419 (mm)

C = Ca + Cb + C0 = 1.5 + 0.4 + 0 +C0 + 2 = 4.581 (mm)
(i vi y np dp th i lng b sung tng thm 2 mm
khi S < 10 mm Theo s tay tp 2)
Kim tra p sut d cho php tnh ton :
. B dy y np cn tha biu thc sau:
S Ca
0.125
Dt
5 1.5
0.0041 0.125 (tha)
800
Do p sut d cho php tnh theo cng thc :

2. * ] * * (S Ca ) 2 * 200.96 *106 * 0.95 * (5 1.5)
1.66 *1065 ( N / m 2 )
[P]=
Rt * (S Ca )
800 (54 1.5)
5
2
P = 1.423*10 (N/mm ) (tha)
Trang 43
N MN HC
Vy b dy y np thit b l 5 (mm)
3. Chn bch v vng m
a. Bch v m ni v bt kn thit b :
Mt bch l b phn dng ni cc phn ca thit b cng nh ni cc b
phn khc vi thit b.
Chn loi bch lin khng c bng thp CT3.
Bng XIII-27 trang 417 S tay tp hai. Cho cc kiu bch lin bng thp CT3
(Kiu I)vi thit b y np nh sau:
ng knh bn trong ca thit b Dt = 800 (mm)
ng knh bn ngoi ca thit b
Dn = 808 (mm)
ng knh tm bu lng
Db = 880 (mm)
ng knh mp vt
D1 = 850 (mm)
ng knh bch
D = 930 (mm)
Chiu cao b1ch
h = 22 (mm)
ng knh bu lng
db = M20 (mm)
S bu lng
z = 24 (ci)
Theo bng XIII-31 _ Tng ng vi bng XIII-27: kch thc b mt m bt
kn:
Dt = 800 (mm)
H = h = 22 (mm)
D1 = 850 (mm)
D2 = 847 (mm)
D4 = 827 (mm)
V do Dt < 1000 (mm) nn D3 = D2 +1 = 848(mm)
D5 = D4 1 = 826 (mm)
b. Bch ni cc ng dn ( Bng XIII-26 trang 409 S tay tp hai )
Chn vt liu l thp CT3, chn kiu 1
Ta c bng sau:
STT Loi
Dy
Kch thc ni
h
l
ng
(mm) Dw
(mm) (mm)
D
Db
D1
Bulng
dn
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) db
z
(mm) (con)
1
Vo TBNT 150
159
260
225
202
M16 8
16
130
2
Hon lu
40
45
130
100
80
M12 4
12
100
3
Nhp liu
80
89
185
150
128
M16 4
14
110
4
Dng
sp 40
45
130
100
80
M12 4
12
100
y
5
Hi
vo 200
219
290
255
232
M16 8
16
130
y
Theo bng XIII.30 tng ng vi bng XIII-26: kch thc b mt m bt kn:
D1 tra theo bng XIII-26.
z: s rnh
Trang 44
N MN HC
Ta c bng sau:
ST D
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
b
b1
z
f
T
(mm (mm (mm (mm (mm (mm (mm (mm (rnh (mm
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
1
2
3
4
5
150
40
80
40
200
202
80
128
80
232
191
69
115
69
249
192
70
116
70
250
171
55
101
55
229
170
54
100
54
228
5
4
5
5
5
11
1
1
1
1
3
2
3
3
3
4.5
4
4
4
4.5
4. Tnh mm
Chn b dy mm bng b dy thn S = 4 (mm) v vt liu l thp X18H10T
Chiu cao mc cht lng ln nht trn mm khi mm b ngp lt :

hd = 145.49 (mm)
Pl = l *g * hd = 854.01 * 9.81 * 0.1455 = 1218.98 (N/mm2 )
Nu mm khng c l :
3 * (3 )
3 * (3 0.33)
6
2
max=
* P * R 2t
* 1218.98 * 0.4 2 =15.222*10 (N/mm )
2
2
8* S
8 * 0.004
= 0.33: h s Poat xng

gim sc bn do cc l trn mm gy ra th hin bng h s hiu chnh:
b =
t d h 194 50
0.742
t
194
dh: ng knh ng hi bng 50 (mm)

t: ( hnh v chp ) = 2*112*cos30 = 194
. ng sut cc i ca mm c c l :
15.222 * 10 6
max = max
= 20.51 *106 (N/mm2 )
b
0.742
< [] = 139.33(N/mm2 )
Vy b dy mm l 4 (mm)
5. Chn v tai treo thit b
a. Tnh s b khi lng thp :
Khi lng np bng khi lng y (Gi s ng ng dn vo np v y
gn nh nhau)
Vi np y elip c Dt = 800(mm), chiu dy S = 5(mm), chiu cao g
h = 25 (mm). Tra bng XIII.11 trang 384 S tay tp hai, ta c
Gnp = Gy = 1.01*30.2 (Kg) = 30.504 (Kg)
Gnp y = 2*30.502 = 61 (Kg)
Khi lng mm :
ng knh trong ca thp
Dt = 0.8 (m)
Trang 45
N MN HC
B dy mm
m = 0.004(m)
ng knh ng hi
dh = 0.05 (m)
S ng hi
n = 29 (ng )
Din tch ng chy chuyn hnh vin phn
Sd = 0.04*F
S ng chy chuyn trn mi mm
z=1
S mm
Nt = 13 mm
2
Mm = Nt *(F z*Sd n**d h/4) * *
= 13*(0.5026*1 0.04*0.5026 29**0.0472/4)*0.004*7.93*103
= 177.514 (Kg)
Khi lng chp trn mm ca ton thp:
Mchp = Nt *n *( * d2ch* hch *ch * + *d2ch*ch i * ch b*a )*7.9*103
= 13*29*(3.1416*0.070*0.0567*0.002 + 3.1416*0.072*0.002/4 - 45*0.002*0.02*0.002)*7.0*103
= 98.26 (Kg)
Khi lng mm :
M mm = * D* Hthn * thn *
= 3.1416* 0.8*(5 2*(0.2 + 0.025) 0.130)*0.004*7.9*103
= 351.03 (Kg)
Khi lng ng hi :
Mng hi = *dh*hhi * h *n * Ntt *
= 3.1416*0.047*0.054*0.002*29*13*7.9*103
= 47.49 (Kg)
Vi hh = hchp h2 - chp +hi
= 0.0657 0.01175 +2 2 = 0.054 (m)
v h2: chiu cao chp pha trn ng hi
Khi lng mng chy chuyn :
Mm = lw*hcc*cc **Nt
hcc = h S1 + hw + mm
= 0.3 0.0375 + 0.05 + 0.004 = 0.316 (m)
Mmm = 0.48*0.3165*0.002*0.004 * 7.9*103 = 31.20 (Kg)
Khi lng bch ni thn :
ng knh bn ngoi ca thp
Dn = 0.808 (m)
ng knh mt bch ca thn
Db = 0.930(m)
Chiu cao bch
h = 0.022(m)
Chia thp lm 4 on, nn s mt bch l 8
CT3 = 7.85*103 (Kg/m3)
Mbch = 0.785*(0.932 0.8082)*8*0.0222*7.85*103 = 229.96 (Kg)
Khi lng bch ni cc ng dn :
Mb = 0.785* [(0.262 0.152)*0.016 + 2*(0.132 0.042)*0.012 +
(0.1852 0.082)*0.016 + (0.292 0.22)*0.016]*7.85*103
= 12.56 (Kg)
Trang 46
N MN HC
Khi lng dung dch trong thp (xem Vdung dch = 0.85 Vthp )
Mdd = 0.85 (* D2t Ho/4 + Vy) * xtb
= 0.85*(3.1416*0.82 *5/4 + 2*79.6*10-3)*854.005
= 1939.96 (Kg)
Vy tng khi lng ca ton thp:
Mthp = 2949 (Kg)
b. Chn tai treo :
Chn vt liu lm tai treo l thp CT3. Tm lt l vt liu lm thn:

[CT3]= 130 *106(N/m2)
Chn s tai treo: n = 4
Ti trng ln mt tai treo (4 tai treo v 4 chn ):

Q0 =
Q 2949 * 9.81
=
= 0.413*104 (N)
8
8
Chn ti trng cho php ln mt tai treo l 0.5*104 N

Theo bng XIII.36 S tay tp hai: tai treo thit b thng ng.
B mt F = 72.5*104 (m2)
Kch thc tai treo: cho bng sau:
Khi
Titrng
L
B
B1
H
S
l
a
d
lng chophp
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
taitreo lnbmt
(Kg)
q.106(N/m2)
1.23
0,69
100
75
85
155
6
40
15
18
Trang 47
N MN HC
155
15
15
40
18
20
75
BOPHA
N TAI TREO
c. Chn chn :
Chn vt liu lm tai treo l thp CT3.Ti trng cho php ln mt chn :
0.5*104 N
Theo bng XIII.35 S tay tp hai. Chn thp i vi thit b thng ng:
Bmt
F.10-4m2
172
Titrngcho
phplnbmt
q.106(N/m2)
0.29
B1
B2
160 110 135 195 240 145 10 55 23
Trang 48
N MN HC
Truc thie
t b
195
135
10
10
145
236
10
55
280
10
160
23
110
BOPHA
N CHA
N
6. Tnh bo n
Vi vn tc hi trung bnh trong c 2 phn ca thp: chng v ct:
y = 0.7441 < 10 (m/s) v mng nc ngng chuyn ng dng, h s cp
nhit trong thp:
r * 2 * g * 3
= 1.15*
(W/m2.)
* t * H
Nhit ngng t (n nhit ha hi) ca hi trong thp:
( nhit cao nht t = tw = 96.50C)
r = racetone * x acetone + rnc * r nuoc
Thnh phn khi lng tnh gi tr trung bnh ca thp v nh thp :
x acetone
0.98 0.02
0.5 (phn trm khi lng)
2
x acetone = 0.273 (phn mol)

.Chn nhit ngng tnh l nhit cao nht trong thp
tngng = 96.5 0C
racetone = 114.1 (Kcal/Kg)
rnc = 543 (Kcal/Kg)
Do r = 0.5*114.1 + 0.5*543 = 328.55 (Kcal/Kg)
Trang 49
N MN HC
xc nh cng nhit khi cha c lp cch nhit, chn nhit tng

bn trong thp l tw1 = 800C.
T cng thc trn:
328.55 * 9.81* 2 * 3 * 4186.8
2 * 3
4
4
46.61*
= 1.15 *
(W/m2.)
5 * * t
* t
3
2
Cc gi tr (Kg/m ), (W/m.), (Ns/m ) tra nhit trung bnh ca
mng:
Tm =
t ng t w1
2
96 .5 80
0
88 .25 C
2
Mhh = xacetone * 58 + (1-xacetone)*18 = 27.48 (Kg/Kmol)

hh =
1
x acetone
x nuoc
1
0.5
0.5
708.6 966.4
817.66 (Kg/Kmol)
acetone nuoc
= arclog (xacetone *log acetone + (1- xacetone)*log nuoc)
= arclog (0.273*log 0.188 + (1- 0.273)*log 0.328)*10-3
= 0.287*10-3 (Ns/m2)
Cphh = 0.5 * Cacetone + (1- 0.5) * Cnc
= 0.5 * 2396 + 0.5* 4206 = 3301 (J/Kg.)
hh = 3.58*10-8 *Chh * hh * 3 hh (W/m2.)

M hh
= 3.58*10-8 * 3301*817.66 * 3
817 .66
27 .48
= 0.311 (Kcal/W.h.0C)
t1 = tng tw1 = 96 80 = 16 0C
817.66 2 * 0.3113
2132.24 (W/m2.)
= 46.61*
3
0.287 *10 *16
. qng = ng * t1 = 2132.24*16= 35115.78 (Kcal/m2.h)
Tng nhit tr ca thnh ng v lp cn:
rw = rcn1 + w rcn2
w
Cng nhit trung bnh:
qtb =
q ng q kk
2
12878 .36 2144 .11

7511 .23 (Kcal/m2.h.)
2
Sai s gia qtb v qng:
12878.36 7511.3
0.42 42% 5% . Do ta phi tnh lp.
12878.36
Tnh lp ln 1 :
Chn t1 = 60C tw1 = 900C
Trang 50
N MN HC
tm = 930C
hh = 812.97 (Kg/m3)
= 0.272 *10-3 (Ns/m2)
Cphh = 3314.12 (J/Kg. 0C)
hh = 0.309 9 (Kcal/m.h.0C)
t1 = 60C
ng = 2738.83 (Kcal/m2.h.)
qng = 16432.96 (Kcal/m2.h)
tw = 13.610C
tw2 = 82.40C
t2 = 53.40C
qkk = 1976.2 (Kcal/m2.h)
qtb = 9204.56 (Kcal/m2.h)
Sai s gia qtb v qng = 0.44 > 0.05. Do ta phi tnh lp ln 2.
Tnh lp ln 2 :
Chn t1 =40C tw1 = 920C
tm = 940C
hh = 810.95 (Kg/m3)
= 0.269 *10-3 (Ns/m2)
Cphh = 3316.75 (J/Kg. 0C)
hh = 0.308 (Kcal/m.h.0C)
t1 = 40C
ng = 2737.89 (Kcal/m2.h.)
qng = 10951.56 (Kcal/m2.h)
tw = 9.0680C
tw2 = 86.930C
t2 = 57.930C
qkk = 2187.93 (Kcal/m2.h)
qtb = 6569.74 (Kcal/m2.h)
Sai s gia qtb v qng = 0.4 > 0.05. Do ta phi tnh lp ln 3:
Tnh lp ln 3:
V th qua qkk v qng xc nh c tw1 = 95.5 0C
t1 = 96 96.5 = 0.5 0C
tm = 95.75 0C
hh = 809.27 (Kg/m3)
= 0.265 *10-3 (Ns/m2)
Cphh = 3320.69 (J/Kg.0C)
hh = 0.3075 (Kcal/m.h.0C)
o t1 = 0.5 0C
ng = 5103.35 (Kcal/m2.h.)
qng = 2551.68 (Kcal/m2.h)
Trang 51
N MN HC
tw = 2.110C
tw2 = 93.890C
t2 = 64.890C
qkk = 2521.31 (Kcal/m2.h)
qtb = 2536.495 ( Kcal/m2.h)
Sai s gia qtb v qng = 0.006 < 0.05 (Tha)
Khi c lp cch nhit, nhit lng ta ra mi trng :
qtt = 5%qtb = 0.05*2536.495 = 126.28 (Kcal/m2.h)
- H s cp nhit ca hi :
ng = 5103.35 (Kcal/m2.h.0C)
kk = 2521.31 (Kcal/m2.h.0C)
1
(t w1 t w 2 )
Do qtt = ng (tw1 tw2) = 2 (t w 2 t w3 )
2
rwi
- Nhit ca thnh pha trong thit b :
q
126.82
tw1= tng - tt 96
= 95.975 0C
ng
5103.35
- Nhit tr ca thnh thit b v lp cu :
1
0.004
rw1 rcau1 w
0.0004705 (m2.h.0C/Kcal)
w 5000 14 .785
- Nhit lp tip xc gia thnh thit b v tm cch nhit tw2 :
qtt =
1
* (t w1 t w 2 )
rwi
tw2 = tw1 qtt* rw1 = 95.975 126.82*0.0004705 = 95.915 0C

Nhit lp cu tip xc vi khng kh :
tw4= tkk +
q tt
kk
29
126 .82
= 29.050 0C
2521 .31
Nhit tw3 :
qtt =
1
(t w3 t w 4 )
rcau 2
tw3 = qtt * rcu 2 + tw4

= 126.82*
1
+ 29.050 = 29.0956 0C
2800
Do b dy lp cch nhit 2 tnh theo cng thc:
2 2 (t w 2 t w3 )
q tt
Chn lp cch nhit l aming cactng c h s dn nhit l

= 0.144 (W/m.0C) = 0.124 (Kcal/m.h.0C)
2
0.124
(95.915 29.0956) 0.065(m) 65(mm)
126.82
Trang 52
N MN HC
CHNG 5
TNH THIT B PH
I. Thit b gia nhit hn hp u hay thit b lm ngui sn phm y

1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh :
Trang 53
N MN HC
Nguye
n lie
u
Sa
n pha
m a
y
Sa
n pha
m a
y
Nguye
n lie
u
96.50C
70.50C
67.50C
300C
Chnh lch nhit u nh :

tn = 96.5 - 67.5 = 29 0C
Chnh lch nhit u ln :
tL = 70.5 -30 = 40.5 0C
ttb= =40.5/29=1.4
T s < 2 nn c th tnh hiu s nhit trung bnh :

=35.25 0C
Nhit trung bnh ca tng lu th :
Do T1 - T2 < t2 - t1 nn :
Ttb = ( T1 + T2)/2 = (96.5+70.5)/2=83.5 0C
ttb = Ttb - tb = 83.5 - 34.75 = 48.75 0C
2. Nhit ti :
Nhit lng cn thit un nng nhp liu ( tnh phn cn bng nhit ) :
Qw' W ' .Cw .(T2 T1 )
Trang 54
N MN HC
= 2026.97*4160.69*( 96.5 70.5)

= 2.19*108 (J/h) =60.909(KW)
3. Chn thit b :
a. Chn loi thit b ng chm, t nm ngang vt liu l ng thau, h s dn
nhit = 93 W/h..
Thit b gm 91 ng, xp thnh 5 hnh su cnh, s ng vng ngoi cng l
31 ng.(theo bngV.11 trang 48 tp 2
Chn ng knh ngoi ca ng dh = 0.025m, loi ng l 25x2mm.
ng knh trong ca thit b :
Dtr =T.(b 1) +4.dh
t : bc ng, chn t =1.2dh =1.2*0.025 = 0.03 (m)
b = 2.a 1 =2.6 1 =11
(a =6 :s ng trn mt cnh ca hnh su cnh ngoi cng
Dtr = 0.03*(11-1) + 4*0.025 = 0.4(m)
b. Cc lu cht u trng thi lng . V sn phm y c bn cao hn nn
cho chy bn trong ng, cn nhp liu cho chy ngoi ng
c. Xc nh h s cp nhit t thnh ng n dng nhp liu :
- Tit din ngang ca khong ngoi ng l :
S = 0.785*(D2tr n.d2)
= 0.785*(0.42 91.0.0252) = 0.081 m2
- Tc chy ca dng nhp liu :
F
w=
3600 * F * S
nhit trung bnh cu dng nhp liu ttb = 48.75 0C, ta tra cc thng s :
acetone =758.38 (Kg/m3)
nc =988.06 (Kg/m3)
F =0.25*758.38+(1-0.25)*988.06=930.64 ( Kg/m3)
acetone = 0.249*10-3(Ns.m2)
nc = 0.562*10-3(Ns.m2)
F =0.25*0.249*10-3+(1-0.25)* 0.562*10-3= 0.484*10-3(Ns.m2)
F
w=
=0.023 (m/s)
3600 * F * S
- ng knh tng ng khong ngoi ng :
dt =
-
D 2 n.d 2
0.4 2 91 * 0025 2
=
= 0.038 (m)
D n.d
0.4 91 * 0025
Tnh chun s Re :
.d td .
Re =
= 1277.11
F
Tnh chun s Pr :
+ Chn t1 = 4 0C tt1 = ttb + t1 = 48.75 + 4 = 52.75 0C
Tra hnh V.12 trang 12 S tay tp hai :
Trang 55
N MN HC
Pr47.75 = 3.52
Pr51.75 = 3.43
Pr
48.75
Pr52.75
0.25
3.52
3.43
0.25
1.006
Chun s Gr :
g.d td3 . 2 . .t1
Gr
2
: h s gin n th tch, = 0.574*10-3 (1/) (tra bng 33 trang 420
tp 10)
9.81* 0.0383 * 930.642 * 0.574 *103 * 4
Gr
= 4569454.8
(0.484 *103 ) 2
(Gr)0.1 = 4.63
Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 1* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
1 : h s hiu chnh tra theo bng V.2 trang 15 , s tay tp
hai
(l/d > 50 nn chn 1 = 1)
Nu = 0.15* 1* 1680.50.33*3.520.43*4.63*1.006 = 13.9
Nu.. 13 .9 * 0.591
2
216 .18 (W/m . )

H s cp nhit 1 =
d td
0.038
( tra 48.75 C bng 0.591 W/m.)

d. Xc nh h cp nhit t dng sn phm y n thnh ng :
Ttb = 83.5 0C , tra cc thng s :
nc =969.55 (Kg/m3)
w =0.02*714.45+(1-0.02)*969.55=964.45 ( Kg/m3)
acetone = 0.195*10-3(Ns.m2)
nc = 0.344*10-3(Ns.m2)
w = 0.341*10-3(Ns.m2)
0
Vn tc trong dng ng :
W'
2026.97
w=
2
w * n * 0.785 * d
3600 * 964.45 * 91* 0.785 * 0.0212
w = 0.018 (m/s)
Tnh chun s Re :
.d . 0.018 * 0.038 * 964.45
Re =
=
=1934.56
w
0.341*10^3
10 < Re <2000 : ch chy dng
Trang 56
N MN HC
Tnh chun s Pr :
+ Chn t2 = 4 0C tt2 = Ttb - t2 = 83.5 - 4 = 79.5 0C
Pr79 = 2.64
Pr83 = 2.58
Pr
83.5
Pr79.5
0.25
2.58
2.64
0.25
0.994
Chun s Gr :
g.d 3 . 2 . .t 2
Gr
2
: h s gin n th tch, = 0.726*10-3 (1/) (tra bng 33 trang 420
tp 10)
9.81* 0.0213 * 964.452 * 0.726 *103 * 4
Gr
= 2110445.69
(0.341*103 ) 2
(Gr)0.1 = 4.2898
Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 2* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
1 : h s hiu chnh tra theo bng V.2 trang 15 , s tay tp hai
(l/d > 50 nn chn 2 = 1)
Nu = 0.15* 1* 1934.560.33*2.580.43*4.2898*0.994 = 11.6
Nu.. 11.6 * 0.649
2
H s cp nhit 2 =
358.495 (W/m . )
d
0.021
( tra 48.75 0C bng 0.649 W/m.)

e. Nhit ti ring :
q1 = 1* t1 = 216.18*4 = 864.72 (W/m2)
q2 = 2* t2 = 358.495*4 = 1433.98 ( W/m2)
Sai s gia q1 v q2 :
q 2 q1 1433 .98 864 .72
0.4 > 0.05 ( 5% ) , Nn ta phi tnh lp

q2
1433 .98
Tnh lp ln 1 :
Chn t1 = 4.(1 + 0.4) = 6 0C
tt1 = 47.75 + 6 = 54.75 0C
Pr54.75 = 3.32
Pr48.75 = 3.52
Pr48.75
Pr
54.75
0.25
3.52
3.32
0.25
1.0147
(Gr)0.1 = 4.83
Nu =0.15* 1* 1680.5.0.33*3.520.43*4.83*1.0147= 14.6
Trang 57
N MN HC
1 =
Nu.. 14.6 * 0.591

2
227.07 (W/m .)
d
0.038
q1 = 227.07*6 = 1362.42 (W/m2)

q2 q1' 1433.98 1362.42
0.0499 < 0.05 (Hp l )

q2
1433.98
f. H s truyn nhit tng qut :
1
1 -1
r1 r2
K=[
]
1
2
= Cu = 93 (W/m2.)
= 2 (mm)= 0.002 (m)
1 = 227.07 (W/m2. )
2= 358.495 ( W/m2.)
Xem h s cu bn ca nc bn r1 = 0.8455*10-3 (W/m2.)
Xem h s cu bn ca nc thng r2 = 0.5945*10-3 (W/m2.)
1
0.002
1
0.8455 *10 3
0.5945 *10 3
K=[
]-1
227.07
93
358.495
=110.8
g. B mt truyn nhit :
-
F=
Q
60 .909 *1000
15 .819 (m2)
K .t log 110 .8 * 34 .75
h. Chiu di mi ng :
L=
F
15 .819
2.21 (m)
.n.d h 3.1416 * 0.025 * 91
Chn L = 2.2 (m)
II. Thit b lm ngui sn phm nh

1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh :
Trang 58
N MN HC
Sa
n pha
m
nh
N
c
N
c
Sa
n pha
m
nh
570C
400C
350C
300C

tn = 35 30= 5 0C
tL = 57 40 = 17 0C
Hiu s nhit trung bnh :
t log
17 3
9 .8 0 C
17
ln
3

t2tb = ( 30 +40)/2 = 35 0C
t1tb = t2tb + tlog = 35 + 9.8 = 44.8 0C
Trang 59
N MN HC
2. Nhit ti :
Nhit lng cn thit lm ngui sn phm nh ( tnh phn cn bng
nhit ):
Q1N =
22275.9
* 4176 * (40 30) 258.4 (KW)
1000 * 3600
3. Chn thit b :
a. Chn gi tr K : tra bng 4.4 Sch Tnh ton qu trnh v thit b, Nguyn Bin ,
c K ( ch i lu cng bc ) = 300 (Kcal/m2. )
hay K = 300*4.1868*1000/3600 = 348.9 (W/m2.)
- B mt truyn nhit :
F=
-
Q
258 .4 *1000
75 .57 (m2)
K .t log
348 .9 * 9.8
F = .d.n.L
Chn L = 6 (m)
d = 0.032 (m)
n=
F
= 125.35 (ng )
.d .L
Chn theo tiu chun : thit b ng chm, t nm ngang, vt liu l ng thau,

h s dn nhit = 93 W/h. .
37 ng. Chn ng knh ngoi ca ng dh = 0.032m, loi ng l 32x3mm.Chiu
di
L = 5.92 (m)
+ ng knh trong ca thit b :
Dtr =t.(b 1) +4.dh
t : bc ng, chn t =1.5dh =1.5*0.032 = 0.048 (m)
b = 2.a 1 =2.7 1 =13
(a = 7 :s ng trn mt cnh ca hnh su cnh ngoi cng
Dtr = 0.048* (13-1) + 4*0.032 = 0.704(m)
Chn D = 700(mm) = 0.7 (m)
b. Cc lu cht u trng thi lng . V sn phm y c bn cao hn nn
cho chy bn trong ng, cn nhp liu cho chy ngoi ng .
c. Xc nh h s cp nhit t dng sn phm nh n thnh ng
- Tit din ngang ca khong ngoi ng l :
S = 0.785*(D2tr n.d2)
= 0.785*(0.72 127*0.0322) = 0.282 m2
Tc chy ca dng sn phm nh :

D
w=
3600 * D * S
Trang 60
N MN HC
nhit trung bnh cu dng sn phm nh t1tb = 44.8 0C, ta tra cc

thng s bng I.2 trang 9 tp 1:
nc =989.84 (Kg/m3)
D =0.98*762.72+(1-0.98)*989.84=767.26 ( Kg/m3)
acetone = 0.257*10-3(Ns.m2)
nc = 0.605*10-3(Ns.m2)
D = 0.98*0.257*10-3+(1-0.98)* 0.605*10-3 =0.264*10-3 (Ns.m2)
w = 1.55*10-3 (m/s)
ng knh tng ng khong ngoi ng :
D 2 n.d 2
0.7 2 127 * 0.032 2
dt =
=
= 0.076(m)
D n.d
0.7 127 * 0.032
Tnh chun s Re :
.d td . 1.55*10^-3* 0.076 * 767.26
Re =
=
F
0.264 *10^ 3
= 342.36
10 < Re < 2000 : ch chy dng
- Tnh chun s Pr :
+ Chn t1 = 6 0C tt1 = t1tb - t1 = 44.8 - 6 = 38.8 0C
Pr38.8 = 3.65
Pr44.8 = 3.5
-
Pr
44.8
Pr38.8
0.25
3.5
3.65
0.25
0.99
Chun s Gr :
g.d td3 . 2 . .t1
Gr
2
: h s gin n th tch, = 1.53*10-3 (1/)
(tra bng 33 trang 420 tp 10)
9.81* 0.0763 * 767.262 *1.53 *103 * 6
Gr
= 333910231.5
(0.264 *103 ) 2
(Gr)0.1 = 7.1
Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 1* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
(l/d > 50 nn chn 1 = 1)
Nu = 0.15* 1* 342.360.33* 3.50.43* 7.1* 0.99 = 12.4
Nu.. 12 .4 * 0.165
2
26 .9 (W/m . )
H s cp nhit 1 =
d td
0.076
Trang 61
N MN HC
( tra 41.66 0C bng 0.165 W/m. ca aceton tra bng I.130 trang 132
tp 1)
d. Xc nh h s cp nhit t thnh ng n nc :
ttb2 = 35 0C , tra cc thng s :
nc =993.5 (Kg/m3)
nc = 0.73*10-3(Ns.m2)
- Vn tc nc trong ng :
w=
-
Gn
22275 .9
2
n * n * 0.785 * d
3600 * 993 .5 *127 * 0.785 * 0.026 2
w = 0.092 (m/s)
Tnh chun s Re :
.d . 0.09 * 0.026 * 993.5
Re =
=
=3270.1
0.73 *10 3
Re >2300 : ch chy ri
Tnh chun s Pr :
+ Chn t2 = 1 0C tt2 = t2tb + t2 = 35 + 1 = 36 0C
Pr35 = 13.3
Pr36 = 13
Pr
35
Pr36
0.25
13.3
13
0.25
1.006
Chun s Gr :
g.d 3 . 2 . .t 2
Gr
2
: h s gin n th tch, = 0.331*10-3 (1/) (tra bng 33 trang 420 tp
10)
Gr =
=105707.8
(Gr)0.1 = 3.18
-Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 2* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
=0.15*1* 3270.1033* 130.43*3.18*1.006
(l/d > 50 nn chn 2 = 1)
Nu = 20.89
Nu..
2
- H s cp nhit 2 =
500.56 (W/m . ) vi d=0.026m
d
( tra 33.5 C bng 0.623 W/m2.)

e. .Nhit ti ring :
- q1 = 1* t1 = 26.9*6 = 161.4 (W/m2)
- q2 = 2* t2 = 500.56*1 = 500.56 (W/m2)
0
Trang 62
N MN HC
Sai s gia q1 v q2 :
q 2 q1
0.68 > 0.05 ( 5% ) . Do ta phi tnh lp :
q2
Tnh lp ln 1 :
- Tnh chun s Pr :
+ Chn t1 = 17 0C tt1 = t1tb - t1 = 44.8 - 17 = 27.8 0C
Pr27.8 = 3.8
Pr44.8 = 3.5
Pr44.8
Pr
28
.
8
0.25
3.5
3.8
0.25
0.980
Chun s Gr :
g.d td3 . 2 . .t1
Gr
2
9.81.0.0763.767.262.1.53 *103 *17
Gr
(0.262 *103 ) 2
Gr = 96058072.8
(Gr)0.1 = 7.9
-Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 1* Re033 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
Nu= 0.15* 1* 342.360.33* 3.50.43* 7.9* 0.98
Nu = 13.5
Nu.. 13 .5 * 0.165
2
29 .3 (W/m . )
H s cp nhit 1 =
-
d td
0.076
- q 1 = 1* t1 = 29.3*17 =498.1(W/m2)
Sai s gia q1 v q2 :
q2 q1'
0.0049 < 0.05 ( 5% ) (hp l)
q2
Vy cc thng s chn l ph hp .
III. Thit b ngng t hi lu
1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh
Trang 63
N MN HC

N
c
Sa
n pha
m
nh
N
c
Sa
n pha
m
nh
570C
400C
350C
300C
Thng thng ngi ta chn loi thit b ngng t vi cht lm lnh bng
nc ngng t hi.
Dng nng 57 0C (hi ) 57 0C (lng )
Dng lnh 30 0C (lng ) 40 0C (lng )
tn = 57 40 = 17 0C
tL = 57 30 = 27 0C
t log
27 17 .
21 .6 0C
27
ln
17

tt1 = (40+30)/2 = 35 0C
Trang 64
N MN HC
tt2 = 57 21.6 = 35.4 0C
2. Nhit ti
Nhit lng cn thit ngng t sn phm ra nh thp ( tip theo phn
cn bng nhit ):
Q = 1500 *0.926 *559.8 *1000/3600 = 215989.5(W)
3. Chn thit b
Chn loi thit b ng chm, t nm ngang vt liu l ng thau, h s dn
nhit
= 93 W/h. .
50 ng.
Chn ng knh ngoi ca ng dh = 0.032m, loi ng l 32x3mm.
ng knh trong ca thit b :
Dtr =t.(b 1) +4.dh
t : bc ng, chn t =1.5dh =1.5*0.032 = 0.048 (m)
b = 2.a 1 =2.9 1 =17
(a = 9 :s ng trn mt cnh ca hnh su cnh ngoi cng )
Dtr = 0.048*(17-1) + 4*0.032 = 0.896(m), chn D=0.9m
4. Xc nh h s cp nhit t dng sn phm nh n thnh ng
nhit trung bnh cu dng nng tt1 = 57.3 0C, ta tra cc thng s :
=749.3 (Kg/m3)
= 0.2348*10-3(Ns.m2)
r = 522.45 *10-3 : n nhit ngng t ca Acetone
c = 2295.25 J/Kg : nhit dung ring ca Acetone
= 0.165 W/m. : h s cp nhit ca Acetone
dt =
D 2 n.d 2
0.9 2 241 * 0.032 2
=
= 0.065 (m)
D n.d
0.9 241 * 0.032
+ Chn t = 2 0C tw1 = 57 - 2 = 55 0C
H s cp nhit 1 = 1.28* 4
r * 2 * 3
522.45 *103 * 749.32 * 0.1653
1.28 * 4
* t * d td
0.2348 *10 3 * 2 * 0.065
= 3280.97 (W/m2. )
- H s cp nhit trung bnh ca chm ng :
ch = * 1
Tra th V.18 trang 29 S tay tp 2 : = 0.90
ch = 0.90*3280.97 = 2952.9 ( W/m2. )
5. Xc nh h s cp nhit t thnh ng n nc
- Nhit trung bnh ca dng lnh ttb2 = (40 + 30)/2 = 35 0C , tra cc thng s :
nc =993.5 (Kg/m3)
nc = 0.692*10-3(Ns.m2)
Trang 65
N MN HC
Vn tc nc trong ng :
w=
Gn
5.18
2
n * n * 0.785 * d
993 .5 * 241 * 0.785 * 0.032 2
Trong Gn = 5.18 (Kg/s)

w = 0.027 (m/s)
Tnh chun s Re :
.d . 0.027 * 0.065 * 993.5
Re =
=
=2519.6
0.692 *103
Re >2300 : ch chy ri
Tnh chun s Pr :
+ Chn t = 19 0C tt2 = t2tb + t2 = 35 + 19 =54 0C
Pr54 = 9
Pr35 = 13.5
Pr
35
Pr54
0.25
13.5
0.25
1.107
Chun s Gr :
Gr
Gr
g.d 3 . 2 . .t 2
2
9.81* 0.0653.993.5 2.0.33 *10 3.19
2
0.692 *10 3
: h s gin n th tch, = 0.33*10-3 (1/) (tra bng 33 trang 420 tp
10)
Gr = 34.8*106
(Gr)0.1 = 5.7
- Chun s Nu :
Nu = 0.15* 2* Re0.33 * Pr0.43 *Gr0.1(Pr/Prt )0.25
=0.15*1*2519.60.33*90.43*5.68*1.107
(l/d > 50 nn chn 2 = 1)
Nu = 32.3
Nu.. 32.3 * 0.626.
- H s cp nhit 2 =
=
=311.1(W/m2. )
d
0.065
0
( nc tra 35 C bng 0.626 W/m2.)
6. Nhit ti ring
- q1 = ch* t1 = 2952.9*2 = 5905.8 (W/m2)
- q2 = 2* t2 = 311.1*19 = 5910.9 (W/m2)
Sai s gia q1 v q2 :
q 2 q1
0.0009 < 0.05 ( 5% )
q2
Trang 66
N MN HC
7. H s truyn nhit
1
1 -1
r1 r2
K=[
]
1
2
= Cu = 93 (W/m2.)
= 3 (mm)= 0.003 (m)
1 = 2952.9 (W/m2. )
2= 311.1 ( W/m2.)
K=[
1
0.003
1 -1
]
0.387 *103
0.464 *103
2952.9
93
311.1
= 225.4(W/m2. )
8. B mt truyn nhit
F=
Q
215989 .5
44 .36 (m2)
K .t log 225 .4 * 21 .6
9. Chiu di mi ng
L=
F
44 .36
1.83 (m)
n. .d h 3.14 * 0.032 * 241
Chn L = 1.8 (m)

Tm li : Thit b ngng t hi lu Thit b chm ng c :
ng knh thit b D = 0.9 (marketing) = 900(mm)
S ng n = 241 ng
Chiu di ca ng L = 1.8 (m), ng knh d = 32(mm) = 0.032 (m)
Nc i trong ng, dng sn phm nh i ngoi ng , thit b t nm ngang.
IV. Thit b ni un
1. iu kin nhit ca qu trnh
Trang 67
N MN HC
ay thap (hi)
Hi Nc
ay thap
San pham ay
196.5
Nc
196.5
106.5
96.5
Ta dng hi nc bo ha c p sut tuyt i l 2at, nhit si 119.6 0C, cp

nhit cho dung dch.
Dng nng 119.6 0C (hi ) 119.6 0C (hi )
Dng lnh 96.5 0C (lng ) 106.5 0C (hi )
(Tra nhit si ca Acetone p sut 2at. Bng I.207 trang 246 S tay tp 1)
Chnh lch nhit u vo :
tn = 119.6-96.5=23.1 0C
Chnh lch nhit u ra :
tL = 119.6-106.5=13.1 0C
t log
23 .1 13 .1
17 .63 0C
23 .1
ln
13 .1
2. Nhit ti
Nhit lng hi nc cn cung cp (tip theo phn cn bng nhit ):
QD2 = Qy + Qw + Qxq2 + Qng2 QF - QR = 215989.5(W)
Hay QD2 = 1.05 ( Qy + Qw QF - QR )
Trang 68
N MN HC
= 1.05* ( 0.385*109 + 1.96*109 1.565*109 1.847*108 )

= 0.595*109 (J/h) = 1.65*105 (J/s)
3. Chn thit b
t ni un Kette ring bit vi thp . Ni un tip nhn dng lng i ra bn
di thp. Nh hi nc bo ha c nhit cao hn nhit dng lng trn s
gip ha hi mt phn lng y thp mc ch to hi cho phn ny c iu kin
i ln nh thp.
ng dng ttrong ni c kch thc : ng knh ngoi ca ng dh = 0.032m,
loi ng l 32x3mm.
50 ng.
4. Xc nh h s cp nhit t dng sn phm nh n thnh ng
- Xc nh chun s Re :
Khi ngng hi mt ngoi ng nm ngang :
.d .z.q
Rem =
( Trang 27 S tay tp 2)
2. .r
nht ca nc ngng : = 0.233*10-3(Ns.m2) nhit 119.0 0C
r = 2173 *10-3 ( nhit ha hi )
z : s ng trong mt dy ng ( ng n xp ln trn ng kia ), z = 8 ng.
Chn Ksb = 700 (W/m2. )
qsb = K.tlog = 700*17.63 = 12341 (W/m2)
Rem =
3.14 * 0.032 * 8 *12341

11 < 50
2 * 0.233*10 3 * 2173*103
V Pr119.6 = 2.5 > 0.5

Do h s cp nhit 1 c xc nh theo cng thc :
r * 2 * 3
2173*103 * 9442 * 0.6843
1 = 1.28* 4
1.28 * 4
* t * d td
0.208 *10 3 * 2 * 0.032
= 18801.5 (W/m2. )
Trong 1 = 944 (Kg/m3)
= 0.684 (W/m. )
Chn t1 = 2 0C
5. H s truyn nhit
1
1 -1
r1 r2
K=[
]
1
2
= Cu = 93 (W/m2.)
= 2 (mm)= 0.002 (m)
1 = 18801.5 (W/m2. )
2= 1100.77 ( W/m2.)
Trang 69
N MN HC

K=[
1
0.002
1
]-1
0.387 *103
0.464 *103
18801.5
93
1100.77
= 545.2 (W/m2. )
6. B mt truyn nhit
F=
Q
1.65 *105
2
17.17 (m )
K .t log 545.2 *17,63
7. Chiu di mi ng
L=
F
17 .17
0.7 (m)
n. .d h 3.14 * 0.032 * 241
Chn L = 0.7 (m)

V. Tnh bn cao v- Bm
1. Tnh bn cao v: (xem trang sau)
Trang 70
N MN HC
Tnh s b z2 : ( chiu cao t chn n v tr nhp liu )

z2 = Ho [ l1 + ht + h + 386 + 8*(H + m ) + 100 ] (mm)
Vi Ho
: chiu cao thp so vi chn , Ho = 5105 (mm)
l1
: chiu cao ng dn hi nh ,l1 = 130 (mm)
ht , h : chiu cao y v g , ht = 200 (mm), h = 25(mm)
386 : chiu cao ca mm th nht
H, m : khong cch gia cc mm v chiu dy ca mm
H = 300, m = 4 (mm)
8
: s mm (tnh n v tr nhp liu)
100 : khong cch t mm th 9 n v tr nhp liu
z2 = 5105 [ 130 + 200 + 25 + 386 + 8( 300 + 4 ) + 100] = 1832 (mm)
Xt hai mt ct 1-1 v 2-2 :
z1 +
P1
z1 = z 2 +
P v22
v 21
z2 2
hw1 2
2g
2g
P2 P1
v 2 2 v 21
hw1 2
2g
Trang 71
N MN HC
Trong :
v1 =0 (m/s)
P2 P1
Pcat
5297 .9
0.569 (m) = 569 (mm)
949 .8 * 9.81
= F = 949.8 (Kg/m3 )
Chn ng knh ng dn : d = 40 (mm) = 0.04 (m)
68.5C0
v2 =
4QF
4 *1.505 *10 3
1.2 (m/s)
.d 2 3.1416 * 0.04 2
Tng tr lc trn ng ng :
24
hw1 2 ( i
.l
i 1
).
v 22
2. g
Chn s b chiu di chiu di ng dn l = 15 (m)

+ Tnh h s :
v .d . F 1.2 * 0.04 * 949 .8
74017 .7 104
Re = 2
2
F
0.3844 * 0.04
Nn (1.46.
100 0.25
)
Re
Chn = 0.2 (mm) ( nhm tuyt i ca ng dn )

0.2
40
0.005
(1.46 * 0.005
100 0.25
) 0.3
74017.7
+ Cc h s tn tht cc b :
H s tr qua thit b gia nhit nhp liu :
1 (6 9 * m)( S / d ) 0.03 * Re 0.26
.S dy ng m = 11
dng = 0.021 (m)
.Khong cch gia hai tm ng :S = t.cos30 = 26 (mm)
1 (6 9 *11)( 26 / 21) 0.03 *118601 .4 0.26 4.79
H s tr lc qua on un ng :
= 2 = 4 = 5 = 6 = 7 = 11 = 12 = 13 = 14 = 14 = 15 = 17 = A.B.C
Gc un = 900 A = 1
a = 40 (mm)
a
= 1 B = 0.21
d
R
1 C = 1
d
1' = 1 * 0.21 * 1 = 0.21
H s tr lc ca lu lng k khng ng k : 20 = 0
H s tr lc ca van cn trong ng trn v thng :
= 3 = 18 = 19 = 21 = 0.05
Trang 72
N MN HC
H s t m 24 = 0.57 do :
Re= 74017.7 104
F0 d 02 0.04 2
0.25
F1 d12 0.082
H s t m trc khi vo thit b gia nhit : 7 = 0.31 do :
Re= 74017.7 104
F0 d 02 0.04 2
0.44
F1 d12 0.06 2
( Chn ng knh l m thit b gia nhit 60 (mm))
H s t thu sau thit b gia nhit : 10 = 0.32 do :
Re= 74017.7 104
F0 d 02 0.04 2
0.44
F1 d12 0.06 2
Chn ng knh l m bn cao v : 100(mm)
H s t thu 1 = 0.46 do :
Re= 118601.4 104
F0 d 02 0.04 2
0.16
F1 d12
0.12
H s tn tht ng 3 ng :
16 = 23 = n = A. + o
Do
F3
0.5 A 0.72
F2
T s lu lng
V
V3
0.5
V2
F3
0 .5
F2
= 1.63
0 = 0.53
16 = 23 = 0.72*1.63 + 0.53 = 1.70
cb = 1 + 7 + 10 + 2.n + + 11. + 4.
= 0.46 + 0.31 + 0.32 + 2*1.7 + 4.79 + 11*0.21 + 4*0.05
= 11.79
0.03 *1.5 1.2 2
).
1.691(m) 1691 (mm )
hw12 (11 .79
0.04
2.9.81
1.2 2
1.691 = 4.164 (m) = 4164 (mm)
z1 = 1.832 + 0.568 +
2 * 9.81
o Khong cch t mm nhp liu n chn thit b :

o H1 = z2 = 1832 (mm)
Trang 73
N MN HC
Vy khong cch t mc cht lng trong bn cao v n bm ( gi s t ngay

chn ) Hcv = z1 = 4164 (mm)
2. Tnh bm
p dng phng trnh Bernulli cho mt ct (1-1) v (3-3) :
v32 P3
v12 P1
= z1 +
h13
Hb + z 3 +
2.g 3
2.g 1
Trong :
P1 = P3 = 1 at
1 = 3
v1 = v3 : chn ng knh ng ht bng ng knh ng y .
Hb = z1 z3 + h1-3
+ Chn chiu cao mc cht lng trong bn cha nguyn liu cao hn
chn 0.3 (m) = 300 (mm)
2
11
.l v
h1-3 = ( i ).
d
i 1
2.g
Chn chiu di ng dn l= 8 (m)

Chn ng knh ng dn d = 40 (mm)
Vn tc v= 1.5 (m/s)
Tnh h s :
v.d .
1.5 * 0.04 * 978 .98
75306 ,154 104

Re =
3
0.78 *10
Nn (1.46.
100 0.25
)
Re
Chn = 0.2 (mm) ( nhm tuyt i ca ng dn )

0.2
40
0.005
(1.46 * 0.005
-
100
) 0.25 0.3
75306.15
Tng t khi tnh bn cao v ta c cc h s tr lc cc b :

1 = 0.32 ; 2 = 4 = 6 = 7 = 9 = 10 = 0.21 ;
3 = 5 = 0.05 ; 8 = 1.7; 10 = 0.31
cb = 0.32 + 6*0.21 + 2*0.05 + 1.7 + 0.31 = 3.69
h1-3 = ( 3.69 + 0.03*
8
1. 5 2
)*
= 7043.22(m) = 7.04322 (mm)
0.04 2 * 9.81
Hb= 4164 300 + 7403.22 = 11267.22 (mm) = 11.26722 (m)

Cng sut bm ly tm :
Q.H b . .g
Nt =
1000 .
Trang 74
N MN HC
Q = .
d2
0.04 2
3
.v 3.1416 *
*1.5 1.884 *10 3 (m /s)
4
4
Hb = 4.975 (m)
= 970.98 (Kg/m3)
= 75% (Hiu sut bm)
1.885 * 10 3 * 4.975 * 970 .98 * 9.81
Nt =
= 0.119( KW)
1000 * 0.75
Cng sut ng c in :
Ndc =
Nt
0.12
= 0.15 (KW)
tr . dc 0.9 * 0.9
Vi tr : hiu sut truyn ng .

c : hiu sut ng c .
phng qu ti, ta chn bm c cng sut N = 2.Nt = 2*0,119
= 0.238 (KW) .
TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] V Vn Ban, V B Minh,Gio trnh Qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha hc
Tp 3, HBK Tp.HCM.
Trang 75
N MN HC
[2] Phm Vn Bn, Gio trnh Qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha hc Tp 5,

HBK Tp.HCM.
[3] Gio trnh Qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha hc Tp 10 V d v Bi tp ,
HBK Tp.HCM.
[4] S tay Qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha hc Tp 1 v Tp 2, HBK H
Ni.
[5] Gs,Ts Ngun Bin, Thit b trong cng ngh ho cht v thc phm, Tp 1 v
Tp 2.
[6] Raymond E.KIPK and Donald F.Othmer, Volume 1, Encyclopedia of
Chemcial technology.
Trang 76

Đồ Án Môn Học Gvhd: Phạm Quỳnh Thái Sơn

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Đồ Án Môn Học Gvhd: Phạm Quỳnh Thái Sơn

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N MN HC

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

hon thnh n hc phn ny,thc s chng em c gng rt nhiu cng vi s

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

TP.HCM, ngy 20/09/2013

NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

TP.HCM, ngy 20/09/2013

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

3. Cng ngh chng ct hn hp Acetone Nc ................................................... 11

Kch thc thp .................................................................................................. 26

II. Tnh ton chp v ng chy chuyn .................................................................. 32

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

IV. Tnh tr lc thp ................................................................................................. 39

CHNG 5: TNH THIT B PH ........................................................................ 56

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

3. Chn thit b .......................................................................................................... 68

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

V i vi h acetone nc, do khng c im ng ph nn c th t c bt

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

- Ln men Carbo hydrate bi vi khun c bit.

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

=0.094 phn mol Acetone

=0.938 phn mol Acetone

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

=0.006 phn mol Acetone

1.1 th cn bng Acetone Nc :

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

y = phan mol acetone trong pha hi

x = phan mol acetone trong pha long

thay Rx=0.926 v xD= 0.938, ta c

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

x, y : nng phn mol ca cu t d bay hi trong pha lng, pha hi

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

=0.938*lg0.2348 * 10-3 +(1-0.938)*lg 0.4907 * 10-3

S mm thc t cho phn ct : 13

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

2.1 Cn bng nhit lng ca thp chng ct

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

Nhit lng do nc ngng mang ra Qng2 (J/h)

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

Chn nhit vo, ra ca nc lm lnh t1 = 30 oC , t2 = 40 0C

Nhit vo ca sn phm nh t =57 C

2.4 Cn bng nhit lng ca thit b lm ngui sn phm y ( trao i nhit

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

= 0.25*2268.44 + ( 1- 0.25)* 4181.56

Suy ra W theo khi lng:

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

I .Kch thc thp

Trong g tb : lng hi trung bnh i trong thp ( Kg/h )

Khi lng ring pha lng :

= 0.7825 ( phn khi lng )

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

g1 * y1 G1 * 0.30 1500 * 0.98 ( r1 = 2388.57 1879.19* y 1 )

GVHD: PHM QUNH THI SN

x tb : khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha lng:

=0.938lg0.2348 10-3 +(1-0.938)lg 0.4907 10-3

= 0.252268.44 + ( 1- 0.25) 4181.56

+ 0.82* v* G = 0.820.78061.3375 = 0.74

Do 0.5(hfv + hs ) = 0.5 (16.645 + 24.805 ) = 20.725 > ( = 5.77 )

Pk = 51.701 7.4922 /2 = 238.67 ( N/m2)