Tafila technical university Facultry of engineering

Title: lab report of mechanical equivalent.

Student name: salam albaradie.

Date of submission: 19/11/2013

Lecturer name : dr.ali alahmer.

Introduction
The original development of the law of conservation of energy proceeded slowly. One of the last important ideas that was needed for a complete, consistent theory was the development of the science of thermodynamics. Finding the connection between mechanical energy and heat (thermal energy) was a crucial step in this understanding. Joule did the original experiment to find an equivalence between the units of mechanical energy (in Joules!) and units of heat (calories). His experiment dealt with a system of falling weights that converted the lost potential energy of the system into thermal energy in a container of water that was being stirred by a paddle driven by the falling weights. Our experiment is similar in nature. We will do work on our system by turning a handle against the force of friction and using this energy to warm an aluminum cylinder. Thus the mechanical energy introduced into our system will be the work done by friction. The work (in Joules) done by a friction force can be calculated by 1) Wf = f s = f (2 r) N, where f is the friction force, r is the radius of the cylinder and N is the number of turns through which the cylinder rotates. The heat energy, Q, (in calories) transferred into the aluminum cylinder can be Calculated by observing the temperature, T, rise of the aluminum and calculating the following: 2) Q = m C T

Theory

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Methodology

Data Analysis o 1 2 3 4 5 N of rev 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Temp 20 24 28 33 38 42 W (j) 0 8.3163 214862 1.29.68. 1982261. 124.3649 Q (cal) 0 1.4961 8833621 ....63. 2.28693 48126.4 J(j/cal) 0 2.11 2.12 1.95 1.87 1.922

45
40

35
30

Temp

25
20 15 10 5 0 0 200 400 600 N of rev 800 1000 1200

Sample of Calculation
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Conclusion
From the above analysis we can see that the liner relation between temp and Number of revolution All work can be converted to equivalent heat. But all amount of heat cannot be converted to work the accurate value foe j is 4.18 j/cal if you take the average of the percent of error is 52.2%