Cylindrical shells under shear stresses

213

1.2

1.0 Torsional buckling stress/yield stress ECCS-Rec. 0.8

Bridget et al. (1956) Bruhn (1944) Suer and Harris (1959) Ekstrom (1962) Clark and Rolf (1964) Winterstetter and Schmidt (1999)

0.6

EC3-1.6:
Class A Class B

Euler-hyperbola 1/ 2

0.4

Class C

0.2

DIN 18800-4:

0.0

0.0

0.4

2.0 0.8 1.2 1.6 Non-dimensional slenderness parameter

2.4

2.8

Figure 8.6 Buckling under pure torsion: comparison of design guidelines and experimental results.

axial direction and are connected with overall bending tensile and compressive membrane stresses. As far as long wind loaded shells for tower-type applications are considered, the lever arms and overall bending stresses are too high, and the r/t ratios are too small to make the shear buckling play the predominant role. But there are a lot of civil engineering structures where shear buckling design may be crucial, for example, silos, tanks and containments under seismic actions or even under wind loading, or horizontal pipelines with closely spaced supports. The distribution of stresses in a tank wall during earthquake loading is very difcult to measure or to calculate. Experimental studies (e.g. Clough et al. 1979) and theoretical investigations (e.g. Rotter and Hull 1989; Rammerstorfer et al. 1990; Saal and Andelnger 1995) agree that the lateral accelerations of the bulk solids or the liquids cause excessive shear stresses in the side walls and axial stresses in the upstream and downstream walls. Examples for similar stress distributions due to wind load can be found in Peil and Nlle (1988) and Derler (1993). These highly nonlinear stress distributions can be covered by means of an idealised conguration. In this context, transverse loading and bending means according to the majority of theoretical and experimental investigations a simple, cantilevered cylindrical shell under a transverse load T at the free end inducing a linearly increasing overall bending moment towards the bottom (Fig. 8.7).