B Cng Thng

Trng i hc Cng Nghip TPHCM

Khoa Cng ngh t
----o0o----

Gvhd: Nguyn Thanh Ho

Svth:Nhm 6
+Nguyn Vn chin(hot2-

0604887)
+Ng Tin Dng(hot2-0604620)
+Trng Tn Li(hot2-0604634)
+Nguyn khc Nhn(hot20604540)
+V Bo Trung(hot2-0612966)
+H Vn ng(hoto2-060509

+ Nguyn vn Nhin(hot20605123)
+Trn ng Duy(hot2-0606673)
+ Chu Huy Long (hot2-0611779)
TP. H Ch Minh 24 / 5 / 2008

4.18
Vn tc dng chy ti A:

vA =

Vn tc dng chy ti B:

vB =

Q
4 0 .3
=
= 2.39(m / s )
3.14 0.4 2
Q

4 0.3
= 0.6(m / s )
3.14 0.8 2

Phng trnh Bernuli ti hai mt ct A v B:

A vA
P
P
v2
ZA+ A + 2 g = Z B + B + 2Bg B + H AB
2

2+

PA

PA = (

1.1 2,39 2
10 10 3
1.5 0.6 2
=0+
+
+2
2g

2g

10 10 3 1.5 0.6 2 1.1 2.39 2

+

) 9790
9790
2 9.81
2 9.81

PA = 7.134(kPa )

4.19
DB=0.45 m, pB=30 kPa, ZB=16m, B=1.25
DA=0.3 m, pA=40 kPa, ZA=10m, A=1.08
H = 20

v A2
2g

QA=?
Vit phng trnh Bernuli cho hai mt ct A v B;
ZA +

PA A v A2
P
v2
+
+ H AB = Z B + B + B B

2g

2g

(1)

Mt khc ta c:
va A = v B B
vB = v A

A
B

Av A
p
v2
P
v2 D2
(1) Z A + A +
+ 20 A = Z B + B + B A 2 A

2g
2g

2 gD B
2

v A2
0.3 2
30 10 3 40 10 3
(1.08 + 20 1.25
)
=
16

10
+
2g
9790
0.45 2

v A2
20.52 = 4.98
2g

4.98 2 9.81
= 2.18( m / s )
20.52
0.33
Q A = v A A = 2.18 3.14
= 0.154(m 3 / s )
4
vA =

QA=154 l/s
Bi tp 4.20
Mt ng hut nc c ng knh 30 cm v thi ra ngoi vi ng knh ca
ng 25 cm.vi lu lng 220l/s, ming vi t cao 4m v p sut ti ti
ming vi 100kpa.vi hiu sut 50% .xc nh cng sut trn trc my
Bi gii
Ta c
D1 = 30 cm
D2 = 25 cm
Q = 220 l/s

1
d1

H=4m
P2 = 100 kpa
= 50%
Xc nh N vn tc trong ng ti 1 v 2

d2

V1 =

4Q
4.0,22
=
= 3,112m / s
2
d1
0,32

V2 =

4Q
= 4,481m / s
d 22

Lu cht gia 2 mt ct 1-2 qua my bm

Vi

V 12

V22
+ H
2g

2g
Z 1 = 0, P1 = Pa = 0, H = 0

H b +Z 1 +

P1

HB = Z2 +
HB = 4 +

P2

= Z2 +

P2

V12 V22
2g

100.10 3 4,4812 3,112 2

+
= 14,7443m
9790
2.9,81

Vy cng sut ca trc my ;

N =

Qhb
9790.0.22.14,7443
=
=63512 W

50%

N = 63,512 KW

4.21/
A Mercury-water differential manometer connected to the 15 cm diameter
suction pipe and 12 cm delivery pipe of a pump shows a deflection of 40
cm . the centrelines of the suction and delivery pipes are at the same level .if
the pump is discharging 70 l/s of water ,estimate the head developed by the
pump.
4

4.22/
A pump draws from a sump whose water surface is 1.5 m below the centre
of the pump and discharges it freely to atmosphere at 1.2 m above the pump
centreline . the suction and delivery pipes are 20cm and 25 cm in diameter
recpectively.if the pressure at the suction end of the pump is -2.0 cm of the
mercury (gauge) determine the discharge and power imparted by the
pump .neglect all losses.
Dch
4.21/
Mt p k vi phn nc Thy ngn c ni vi ng ht ng knh 15 cm
v ng x ng knh12 cm ca mt my bm ,cho thy lch l 40 cm.
ng tm ca ng ht v ng x nm trn mt ng thng. Bm ang c
lu lng l
70 L/S,Tnh Hp.
4.22/
Mt my bm ht nc t Mt hm cha nc, cch b mt nc l 1.5 M.
di trung tm ca ci bm v ng x c u ngoi kh quyn t ti v tr
cch ng tm ca bm l 1.2 M . ng knh ng ht v ng x l 20 cm
v 25 cm. nu sc p ti cui ng ht ca ci bm l 2cmHg. xc nh lu
lng v cng xut ca my bm .
B qua tt c s mt mt.
Gii
4.21/
Tm tt:d1=15cm,d2=12cm,h=40cm,Q=70l/s.tnh Hp
5

o
1

o
2

Chn mt phng so snh l ng tm o-o

Phng trnh Bernoulli cho mt ct 1-1 v 2-2 l:
p1 v 21
p v2
+
+ H p = z 2+ 2 + 2
1 2g
2 2g

z1 +

(1)

Ta li c
p1

nuoc

+x+h=

p2

nuoc

+ x+

h. thuyngan

nuoc

p1 p2 h. thuyngan
=
h (2)
nuoc
nuoc

Thay (2) vo (1)

p p2 ( v2 ) ( v1 )
Hp = 1
+
nuoc
2g
2

Vi:
v1 =

4Q
4 0.07
=
= 3.9632m / s
2
.d1 3.14 (0.15) 2

v2 =

4Q
4 0.07
=
= 6.193m / s
2
.d 2
3.14 (0.12) 2

H p = 6.193m

4.22/

2
1

1.5
3

2 1.2

B
1
3

Chn mt phng so snh i qua tm cua bm

Vit pt bernoulli cho mt ct 3-3,1-1
z3 +

p3 v 23
p v2
+
= z1 + 1 + 1
n 2g
n 2g

z3 = 1.5m
p3
=0
n
v 23
=0
2g
z1 = 0
p1 = 2cmHg = 20mmHg = 2666.45 N / m 2

v 21
p
2666.45
= z3 1 = 1.5
v1 = 4.9m / s
2g
n
9790

Q = v1.1 = 4.9

3.14 0.22
= 0.15386m3 / s = 153.86 L / s
4

Pt bernoulli cho mt ct3-3,2-2

p3 v 23
p v2
z3 + +
+ H p = z2 + 2 + 2
n 2g
n 2g
z3 = 1.5m
p3
p
=0= 2
n
n
v 23
2g
z2 = 1.2m
v2 =

=0

Q
= 3.136m / s
2

H p = z3 + z2 +

v22
= 0.2m / s
2g

P = .H p .Q = 9790 0.2 0.15386 = 303.14W

4.23

Tnh cng sut trn trc ca bm, bit:

H = 70%
Q = 0.025 m3/s
= 0.9
Tn tht: H = 10V2/2g
Gii:
Ta c:
Vn tc ca du trong ng ng:
v=

Q
4Q
4.0,025
=
=
= 1,42( m / s )
2
S d
.0,15 2

Phng trnh Becnuli cho 2 mt ct A-A v B-B:

(chn A-A lm mt chun).
ZA +

PA v A2
P
v2
+
+ H b = Z B + B + B + H

2g

2g

Trong :
Z A = 0; Z B = 20
v A = v B ; PA = PB

Suy ra:
H b = ( Z B Z A ) + H = (20 0) + 10

v2
= 21,03( m)
2.9,81

Cng sut hu ch ca bm:

P=

.Q.H b
H

0,9.9790.0,025.21,03
= 6617(W )
70%

Vy: cng sut hu ch ca bm P = 6,617 KW

Bi 4.24: Cho my thy lc nh hnh 4.24, gi tr mt s d liu nh sau:
Dng chy:

t A n B

ng knh:

ti A l 20cm, ti B l 30cm

Cao :

ti A l 105m, ti B l 100m

p sut:

ti A l 100 kPa, ti B l 200 kPa

Lu lng:

200 l/s

Bi gii:

Ta c Q = 0.2 (m3/s)
vA =

0.2
0.12

= 6.366 (m/s)

0.2

vB = 0.152 = 2.829 (m/s)

Ga s my thy lc l bm:
Ta c phng trnh Bernuli
P

H + zA + A +

v A2
2g

= zB + B +

v B2
2g

v2

v2

H = (zB - zA) + ( B - A ) + ( B - A )

2g
2g

= (100 105) +

(200 100)1000
9790

( 2.829 2 6.366 2 )
2 x9.81

= 3.557 (m)
Vy gi thuyt ng, my thy lc l bm.
Nng lng N = HbQ = 9790x3.557x0.2
10

= 6965 (W).

Bi 4.25: ng dn nc c ng knh 20 cm dn nc t b cha n vi

phun c ng knh 10 cm ti cao 90 m. Mt nc c cao 100 m
(hnh 4.25)..Nng lng hao ph trong h thng c th gi nh bng 12 ln

11

p sut ng trong ng. Tnh lu lng? Nu lu lng tng 75%, th hy

tnh nng lng cung cp ca bm ti chn vi phun?
Bi gii:
Phng trnh Bernuli cho mt thong cht lng v ming vi (2-2):

12

100 = 90 +

v 22
2g

M H = 12
d12

Q = v1

v1 =

1
4

+ H
v12
2g

(1)
(2)

d 22
v2 4

v2

(3)

Th (2), (3) vo (1) ta c:

10 =

v 22
2g

2
3 v2
4 2g

v2 = 10.59 (m/s)

d 22
= v2 4

= 10.59x x0.052 = 0.08316 (m3/s)

= 83.16 (l/s)

Nu Q tng 75% th v2 v v1 cng tng 75%

Ta c phng trnh Bernuli c vit li nh sau:
100 + Hb = 90 +

v 22
1.75 2 g

Vi v2 = 1.75x10.59
Hb = -10 + 1.75x (1.75 x10.59)
2 x9.81

= 20.63 (m)

Lu lng tng 75% l nh my bm cung cp nn ta c cng sut my

bm l:
N = HbQ = 9790x20.63x0.08316x75%

Turbine

= 12596 (W)
4.26
B

3.5m

Dia D=0.8m
13

A
1.2m

p dng phng trnh Becnouli cho mt ct 1-1 v 2-2:

+ 1.5

Vi:

= 3.978 (m/s)

= 3.5 (m)

=0

=0

= 0

= -30316 (Pa)

14

4.27
a)

= 0.973 (m/s)

= 1.4(m/s)

Phng trnh becnouli cho mt ct C v B:

4 + 40 +

= 44.052 (m)

N=44.05297901.10.85 = 403236.589 (W)

Turbine

b) Phng trnh Becnouli cho

mt

ct ti A v B:
B
3.5m

Dia D=0.8m

15

A
1.2m

Vi:

= 3.5

= 2.1884 (m/s)

0.973 (m/s)

=0

=0

= -36.18 (kPA)

El:108.0

Bi tp 4.28

15cm Dia

20cm Dia

El:103.0
El:100.0

2-2

16

1-1

Chn mt chun l ng ging ngang nh hnh v

Mt nng trn on ng ht l 2Vo2/2g (vi Vo l vn tc trn ng
ng c ng knh 20 cm)
Mt nng trn on ng cung cp l 10V22/2g
Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho 2 m ct 1-1, 2-2 ta c
Z1 +P1/ +V12/2g+ Hb = Z2 +P2/ +V22/2g + 2Vo2/2g_+ 10V22/2g
(Hb ct p ca bm)
Ta c Z1=100 m, Z2=108 m, P1 = P2 = Pa =0 , V1 0

17

V2 = Q/S2 = 45.10-3.4/0,152 = 2,546 m/s

Vo= Q/So = 45.10-3.4/0,202 = 1,432 m/s
Th vo phng trnh ta c
100 + 0 + 0 + Hb = 108 + 0 + 11. 2,5462/2.9,81 + 1,4322/9,81
Hb = 11,844 m

Vo

Cng sut cung cp bi my bm l

1-1

P = .Q.Hb = 9790.45.10-3.11.844 5218 W=5,218 kW

2-2

Bi 4.29
p sut khng kh trong xilanh
Vit phng trnh Becnuli cho 2 m ct 1-1 ,2-2
Z1 +P1/ +V12/2g = Z2 +P2/ +V22/2g
V khng kh c trng lng khng ng k nn ta
c th b qua trng lng do Z1 =Z2
Vi P1 bng p sut ca khng kh bn ngoi c th cho
P1 = 0
V2 l vn tc khng kh ti b mt xilanh nn V2 = 0 ,
V1 =V0
Phng trnh c th vit li:
V12/2g = P2/
P2 = V02./2.g. = 400002.1,08/36002.2 66,67 Pa
p sut khng kh ng vi gc l:

Vit phng trnh Becnuli ti mt ct 1-1 v mt ct ng vi gc

Ta c
Z1 +P1/ +V12/2g = Z +P/ +V2/2g

18

Khi ta c :Z1 = Z , P1 = 0 , V = v
Phng trnh c vit li
V12/2g = P/ +V2/2g
P = (V12/2g - v2/2g) = V12(1 4sin2)/2g
Khi = 300 th P = 0
= 600 P -133.33 Pa
= 900 P -200 Pa

Hinh 4.26

19

Bi 4.30:
Cho dng chy u c vn tc U qua ng hnh tr trn bn knh R (hnh

4.30). Lu s vn tc trn ng c cho bi: u = -2U sin - 2R

Bit biu thc bin thin vn tc ca h s p sut l:
Cp = 2

p p

U 2

. Tm biu thc ti im chia dng trn ng.

Bi gii:

Ta c: u = -2U sin - 2R
Cc im dng trn mt tr tha mn iu kin u =0

hay -2U sin - 2R = 0

20

 sin =

4RU

xc nh quy lut p sut trn tr, ta p dng phng trnh Bernuli cho
mt ct 1-1 v cng v 2-2 trn mt tr:
2

U
p + 2 = p +

u2
2

2
2
p - p = U - u

Vi u = -2U sin - 2R = - U ( 2sin +

2RU

2
2

p - p = U - U (2sin + 2RU
)2

2
2

2
U
2

Theo ta c Cp = 2

[1 - (2sin +
p p

Vi sin =

2RU

= 1 - (2sin +

4RU

21

)2]

2RU

)2