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Nganhangcauhoi Coluuchatudb 60tiet MMH 1132080 5355
Nganhangcauhoi Coluuchatudb 60tiet MMH 1132080 5355
Nganhangcauhoi Coluuchatudb 60tiet MMH 1132080 5355
HCM
Biu mu 3b
KHOA: C KH NG LC
B MN: CNG NGH NHIT - IN LNH
Tn hc phn: C lu cht ng dng B
M hc phn: 1132080
S VHT: 04
Trnh o to: i hc chnh quy
A - NGN HNG CU HI KIM TRA NH GI TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN
Chng 1: Khi nim chung v cc tnh cht vt l c bn ca lu cht.
1. Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 1
1.1 Hiu v nm vng c cc tnh cht vt l c bn ca lu cht.
1.2 Vn dng c cc cng thc tnh ton.
2. Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 1
Stt
1
Cu hi v p n
Cc nghin cu ca mn thu lc c thc hin cho:
a) Lu cht trong iu kin khng b nn.
p n
(trng s im)
D
(1)
D
(1)
Cu no sau y sai:
a) Cht lng mang hnh dng bnh cha n
C
(1)
1
C
(1)
A
(1)
B
(1)
B
(1)
b) 750 kg/m3
c) 750. 9,81 N/m3
d) 750. 9,81 kg/m3
8
D
(1)
dV 1
V0 dp
A
(1)
dV 1
V0 dp
c) p =
V
dp
dV0
d) p =
V 1
dV0 dp
dV 1
V0 dT
dV 1
V0 dT
c) T =
d) T =
B
(1)
V
dT
dV0
V 1
dV0 dT
B
(1)
B
(1)
T =.S.
A
(1)
du
vi y l
dy
phng:
z
u
D
x
C
du
Trong cng thc T = S dy , l:
B
(1)
3
C
(1)
1
2
3
du/dy
C
(1)
c) C 3 p n kia u ng.
d) ng quan h
v du/dy i qua gc ta
D
(1)
b) C tnh di ng tuyt i.
c) Hon ton khng nn c.
d) C 3 p n kia u ng.
18 nh lut ma st trong ca Newton biu th mi quan h gia cc i
lng sau:
B
(1)
D
(1)
b) N.s/m2
c) Pa.s.
d) C 3 p n kia u ng.
20 n v o nht ng hc l:
A
4
(1)
a) m2 / s
b) Pa.s
c) N.s/m2
d) C 3 p n kia u sai.
21 Khi nhit tng:
a) nht ca cc cht th lng v th kh tng.
C
(1)
A
(1)
D
(1)
1 lun ln hn 2
b) 1 lun nh hn 2
a)
Mc Hiu c cc kin
thc hc mc 1
tt
1
Cu hi v p n
Cc lc sau thuc loi lc khi :
a) Trng lc, lc ma st
p n
(trng s im)
D
(1)
b) Lc ly tm, p lc
c) Ap lc
d) Trng lc, lc qun tnh
2
C
(1)
b) Lc ly tm, p lc
c) Ap lc, lc ma st
d) Trng lc, lc qun tnh
3
D
(1)
B
(1)
Mt at k thut bng:
a) 10 mH2O
D
(1)
b) 736 mmHg
c) 9,81.104 Pa
d) C 3 p n kia u ng
6
C
(1)
B
(1)
b) C 3 cu kia u sai
c) dz = dp/
d) dp = - dz
8
C
(1)
p u2
+
= const
2g
b) Dng 1: z +
p u2
+
= const
2g
Dng 2: p = p o ax gz
p
B
(1)
D
(1)
b) C n v l Pa.
c) L lc php tuyn ca cht lng tc dng ln mt n v din tch.
d) C 3 cu kia u ng.
11 Chn cu ng:
a) p sut thu tnh ti mt im theo cc phng khc nhau th khc
nhau.
C
(1)
B
(1)
7
D
(1)
B
(1)
p2
2
a) 1,5 at
b) 14 at
c) 1,3 at
d) 2,5 at
16 Mt ng ch U cha cht lng n khong na ng. Khi xe chuyn ng
v pha trc vi vn tc khng i, ta quan st thy:
C
(1)
D
(1)
a) 1/4
b) - 1/4
c) - 1
d) 1
18 Trong bi ton tnh tng i, lc khi tc dng ln cht lng l:
a) Trng lc.
B
(1)
D
(1)
B
(1)
C
(1)
C
(1)
9
Hnh 1
Hnh 2
Hnh 3
a) Hnh 1
b) Hnh 3
c) Hnh 2
d) Cha xc nh c
23 Mt ng ch U cha cht lng n khong na ng. Khi ng quay
quanh trc thng ng nh hnh v vi vn tc khng qu ln ( cht
lng cha trn ra khi ng), ta quan st thy:
B
(1)
D
(1)
b) Mt phng nghing
c) Mt parabolloid
d) Ph thuc vo gia tc chuyn ng
25 Mt bnh kn cha y cht lng quay u quanh trc thng ng c:
a) Mt thong l mt parabolloid
B
(1)
b) Mt ng p l mt parabolloid
c) Mt ng p nm ngang
d) C ba p n kia u sai
26 Trong bnh hnh tr cha nc quay trn quanh trc i xng bnh vi
vn tc gc khng i. Nu ngi ta lm ri vo bnh mt ht thu ngn
th sau khi n nh:
C
(1)
quay chm
27 Bnh tr trn h thng ng cao 1m cha y cht lng. Bnh quay u
quanh trc ca n vi vn tc khng i sao cho th tch cht lng cn
li trong bnh bng 2/3 th tch ban u. p sut ti mt im A nm
gia y bnh so vi lc bnh ng yn s:
B
(1)
a) Tng
b) Gim
c) Khng i
d) Tu thuc v tr ca im A
28 Mt hnh tr trn khng np thng ng cao 1m cha y cht lng.
Bnh quay quanh trc i xng ca n vi vn tc sao cho th tch cht
lng khi bnh quay bng 2/3 th tch ban u. nh paraboloid ca mt
thong khi bnh quay so vi y bnh:
A
(1)
a) Cao hn 1/ 3 m
b) Cao hn 2/ 3 m
c) Thp hn 1/ 3 m
d) Trng vi y bnh
29 Bnh hnh tr trn bn knh R , chiu cao H, cha cht lng n 1/2 chiu
cao H. Vn tc gc cht lng cha tro ra khi bnh khi bnh quay
quanh trc i xng:
2gH
R
a)
b) =
c)
A
(1)
2gH
R
1
2
gH
R
d) Cha c p n chnh xc
30 Qui lut phn b p sut d tc dng ln thnh bnh c biu din theo
hnh:
pa
Hnh 1
pa
pa
pa
Hnh 2
Hnh 3
Hnh 4
B
(1)
a) Hnh 1
b) Hnh 2
c) Hnh 3
d) Hnh 4
31 Biu phn b p sut d tc dng ln y bnh hnh tr h cha cht
lng quanh trc i xng vi vn tc gc = const c dng:
D
(1)
11
Hnh 1
Hnh 2
Hnh 3
Hnh 4
a) Hnh 1
b) Hnh 2
c) Hnh 3
d) Hnh 4
32 My p thu lc lm vic trn nguyn l:
a) nh lut Archimede
C
(1)
A
(1)
b) at
c) mH2O
d) mmHg
34 Khi p sut kh quyn pa = 0,8at, p sut d pd = 3,8at th:
a) p sut tuyt i bng 4,8at
C
(1)
B
(1)
a) Tu thuc vo vn tc thang my
b) Tng khi thang my i xung chm dn u
c) Gim khi thang my i xung chm dn u
d) Khng th xc nh c
36 Mt hnh tr trn khng np thng ng cao 1m, cha y cht lng.
Cho bnh quay quanh trc ca n vi vn tc gc khng i sao cho sao
cho th tch cht lng cn li trong bnh bng 2/3 th tch ban u. p
sut ti mt im A trn thnh bnh so vi lc bnh ng yn s:
B
(1)
a) Tng
b) Khng i
c) Gim
d) Tu thuc v tr ca im A
12
C
(1)
C
(1)
B +
3
h3
A+
h1
h2
2
a) pA - pB = - h1 1+ h2 2 - h3 3
b) pA - pB = h1 1- h2 2 + h3 3
c) pA - pB = h2 2 + h3 3 - h1 1
d) pA - pB = - h1 1- h2 2 + h3 3
39 Khi du c t trng = 0,8 quay vi vn tc gc = 9,81 1/s. p
sut trn mt thong p = pa. im nm di mt thong 0,2 m s c p
sut d bng:
D
(1)
a) 0,02 at
b) Khng th xc nh c v khng bit bn knh R
c) 0,02 m ct du
d) 0,16 m ct nc
40 Xe hnh hp ch nht, di L ; cao 0,5L, cha y cht lng c trng
lng ring . Gia np ca xe c mt l nh. Khi xe chuyn ng
nhanh dn u vi gia tc a = 9,81m/s 2, p sut d ti im B (gc trn
cng pha sau xe) bng:
v
A
(1)
0,5L
a) 0,5 L
b) 0
c) L
d) - 0,5 L
41 So snh p lc thy tnh P tc dng ln y ca 3 b cha cht lng (b
1: nc, b 2: thy ngn, b 3: xng), c din tch y S v chiu cao ct
cht lng H nh nhau. Ta c:
D
(1)
13
1
P1
pa
pa
2 P2
p
a
P3
a) P3 > P1 > P2
b) P1 = P2 = P3
c) C 3 cu kia u sai.
d) P3 < P1 < P2
42 im t ca p lc thu tnh tc dng ln thnh bn phng ca b cha
nc:
B
(1)
D
(1)
D
(1)
C
(1)
14
46
JC
, trc z l :
z CS
D
(1)
A
(1)
a) Ptrn = Pvung
b) Ptrn < Pvung
c) Ptrn > Pvung
d) Cha xc nh c v ph thuc vo hng t ca hai thnh phng
48 Thnh phn thng ng ca p lc tc dng ln mt cong bng:
a) Vi thnh phn nm ngang
D
(1)
D
(1)
H1
H2
3
( H 12 H 22 ) L
4
3
b) Px = L(H 22 H 12 )
4
1
c) Px = (H 12 H 22 ) L
2
a) Px =
d) Px =
1
L(H 12 H 22 )
2
A
(1)
B
15
(1)
D
(1)
B
(1)
A
(1)
a) T trng ca vt < 1
b) T trng ca vt >1
c) T trng ca vt = 1
d) Cha xc nh c
55 Mt vt cn bng trong nc nh hnh v; C l trng tm ca vt; D l
tm y:
B
(1)
C
D
a) Vt trng thi cn bng phim nh
b) Vt trng thi cn bng khng n nh
c) Vt trng thi cn bng n nh
d) Cha xc nh c
56 Mt vt gm 2 phn A v B chm trong cht lng. Phn A c khi lng
ring nh hn phn B. vt c cn bng n nh ta nn t:
A
(1)
a) Phn B nm di
b) Phn A nm di
c) Ph thuc vo th tch ca 2 phn A,B
d) Khng th xc nh c
16
57 Vt th p lc cho mt cong AB l :
V1
V2
C
(1)
V3
a) V3
b) V2
c) V1
d) V2 + V3
58 Ap lc theo phng thng ng (PZ) tc dng ln ng hnh tr trn c
bn knh R v chiu di L, mt bn ngp trong nc nh hnh v c
tnh theo cng thc sau:
A
(2)
a)
b)
c)
d)
1
R 2 L
2
1
R 2
2
1
R 2 L
2
3
R 2
4
C
(1)
b) Trng tm C nm ngang vi tm y D
c) Trng tm C nm thp hn tm y D
d) Ty theo trng lng vt
60 Khi mt chic tu i t bin vo sng th:
a) Chic tu s hi ni ln so vi lc i ngoi bin.
B
(1)
C
(2)
17
A
1m
4m
D
B
a) CD = 1 m
b) AD = 2,33 m
c) BD = 1,33 m
d) AD = 1,5 m
62 Phng trnh tnh p sut thu tnh pA = pB + hAB vi hAB l khong
cch theo phng thng ng gia 2 im A v B p dng cho:
B
(1)
A
(2)
1
A
h1
h2
2
D
(2)
1
A
h2
h1
2
A
(2)
h2
Hg
h1
A
H20
a) 1,42
b) 1,39
c) 0,38
d) 1,72
66 Trong khi du (c t trng 0,75) chuyn ng tnh tin vi gia tc khng
i, mt im nm thp hn 1 mt ng p c p sut p ck = 0,02at 1
khong 0,4m s c p sut:
C
(2)
a) pck = 0,01 at
b) pd = 0,02 at
c) pd = 0,01 at
d) pck = 0,06 at
67 Biu din p sut ca im A nm thp hn mt thong 2m trong mt xe
ch nc c th bng cc cch:
C
(2)
2m
C
(2)
a) p sut d l 0,06 at
b) p sut tuyt i l 1,6 at
c) p sut d l 0,048 at
d) p sut tuyt i l 1,48 at
19
C
(2)
a) 12,88
b) 11
c) 26,25
d) 34,29
70 Mt bnh h hnh tr cha cht lng (c t trng 1,3) quay trn u
quanh trc Z vi vn tc gc . Mc Glycerin ln ti mp bnh. p sut
d ti im A gia y bnh o c l 0,4at. Chiu cao h ca ct
Glycerin nm trn im A bng:
A
(2)
h=?
a) 3,08m
b) 3,56m
c) 5,2m
d) 3,67m
71 Mt bnh cha du (t trng l 0,75) quay quanh trc thng ng vi vn
tc gc khng i nh hnh bn. p sut tuyt i ti im A cch mt
thong c p sut kh tri mt khong h = 0,8m bng:
D
(2)
h
A
a) 1,08 at
b) 0,06at
c) 1,03 at
d) 1,06 at
72 Cht lng thy tnh tuyt i c t trng = 0,8. Mt thong c p sut
chn khng pcko = 0,5at ; im c p sut d pd = 0,7at su :
B
(2)
a) 10 m
b) 15 m
20
c) 12 m
d) 6,4 m
73 ng ch U t trn xe chuyn ng chm dn u, ngi ta o c L =
15 cm, chnh cht lng trong hai nhnh ng h = 20cm. Gia tc ca xe
c gi tr bng (m/s2):
B
(2)
L
h
a) 7,36
b) 13,08
c) 14,72
d) 6,54
74 Toa xe ch du c t trng 0,8 chuyn ng vi vn tc v = 36 km/h theo
ng vng vi bn knh cong R = 300m. Gc nghing ca mt du hp
vi phng ngang (tg ) bng:
B
(2)
a) 0,028
b) 0,034
c) 0,072
d) 0,068
75 Mt bnh h hnh tr trn c bn knh R = 2m, chiu cao H = 4m cha
nc n 1/3 th tch bnh. Ngi ta quay bnh quanh trc thng ng
vi vn tc gc ti a max sao cho nc khng trn ra bn ngoi, khi
lc tc dng vo y bnh l:
B
(2)
a) 128,42 kN
b) 164,28 kN
c) 146,78 kN
d) 246,42 kN
76 Mt bnh lp phng h c cc cnh bng 0,8 m cha nc n 1/2
th tch ca bnh. Ngi ta t bnh ln 1 chic xe chuyn ng nhanh
dn u trn mt phng ngang vi gia tc ti a sao cho nc khng
trn ra ngoi, khi p lc tc dng ln y bnh bng (N):
B
(2)
a) 2842
b) 2511
c) 5684
21
d) 5302
77 Mt ci vm bn cu kn hon ton nh hnh v c xy dng di y
h nc su quan st. Cho R = 8m v h = 40m. Lc thu tnh P Z tc
dng ln vm l:
A
(2)
pa
h
R
a) 68342 kN
b) 98057 kN
c) 78342 kN
d) 88057 kN
78 Ca van ABC chn nc c kch thc nh hnh v. Van rng 2m. Thnh
phn p lc nm ngang tc dng ln van ABC:
pa
D
(2)
2m
4m
60o
a) 298,42 kN
b) 420,55 kN
c) 480,69 kN
d) 333,54 kN
79 Mt bnh hnh tr kn cha y xng c X = 0,7; bn knh r = 0,2m;
di L = 1,5m; t nm ngang nh hnh v. Bit p sut d ti im A
bng 1,4at. Lc ca xng tc dng ln np tri ca bnh l:
A
(2)
L
r
A
a) 17,08 kN
b) 15,85 kN
c) 14,91 kN
d) 16,85 kN
40 Mt cnh ca hnh ch nht cao 3m rng 1m, t thng ng, ng b
nc c nc va ngp n cnh trn, mt thong thng vi kh tri. M
men i vi im A y cnh ca (Nm) l:
A
(2)
22
3m
a) 4,5
b) 13,5
c) 18
d) 27
41 Thnh ca mt b cha xng c t trng x = 0,7 thng vi kh tri c
chiu cao 3m, rng 5m, di 5m cha y xng. p lc P ca khi xng
tc dng ln y b l:
C
(2)
a) 1030,05 kN
b) 1545,075 kN
c) 515,025 kN
d) 735,75 kN
42 Mt my p thy lc piston nh c ng knh d = 5cm; piston ln c
ng knh D = 25cm. B qua ca trng lc v lc ma st. nhn
c lc tc dng ln piston ln l 20kN, ta phi tc dng ln piston nh
mt lc l:
B
(2)
a) 900 N
b) 800 N
c) 4000 N
d) 1250 N
43 Mt mu g hnh lp phng c cc cnh bng 0,5m c th xung
nc, khi lng ring ca g l 200kg/m 3. Th tch phn g chm di
nc (m3):
B
(2)
a) 0,05
b) 0,025
c) 0,125
d) 0,075
44 B cha cht lng su h = 9m c mt ca thng ng hnh ch nht AC
gm 2 tm phng chng ln nhau theo chiu cao. Mun cc tm chu p
lc nh nhau th chiu cao tm AB phi bng:
D
(2)
A
B
C
a) hAB = 4,5 m
b) hAB = 6 m
c) hAB = 5,14 m
d) hAB = 6,36 m
23
B
(2)
a) 1,6
b) 2,5
c) 4,2
d) 5,0
46 Mt ng b tng hnh tr trn ngp trong b nc di L =5m, ct nc
H =2R = 6m. Phn lc theo phng ngang P x ca p lc nc tc dng
ln ng b tng l:
C
(2)
Px
a) 662,175 kN
b) 1386,15 kN
c) 882,9 kN
d) 220,725 kN
47 Cho 1/4 mt tr trn AB c bn knh R = 1m v chiu di L = 1 m. Chiu
cao ct nc trn im A: H = 1,5 m,. Thnh phn thng ng ca p
lc nc (PZ) tc dng ln mt AB bng:
C
(2)
pa
H
A
R
B
a) 18073 N
b) 15784 N
c) 16824 N
d) 17275 N
48 Trong b ch ho kh xng c iu ho bng phao hnh cu gn vo
cn quay quanh O. Gi s mc xng trong bnh khng i v khi l xng
vo bt kn th phao chm mt na. Bit a = 50mm; b = 20mm; d = 7mm;
trng lng phao G = 0,262N; trng lng van kim f = 0,135N; p sut
d ca xng tc dng ln van kim p d = 0,6at; t trng ca xng x =
0,7. ng knh D ca phao bng:
C
(4)
24
pd
d
D
0
b
a) 60mm
b) 75mm
c) 85mm
d) 80mm
49 Bnh cha nc c p sut chn khng trn mt thong pcko = 0,1at. Bnh
c ngn bi mt van AB hnh vung c cnh bng 2m quay quanh trc
nm ngang qua im A cch mt thong 2,8m. van AB v tr thng
ng nh hnh v th p sut tuyt i ca khng kh trong ng phi
bng:
pcko
C
(4)
2,8m
A
kho
ng kh
2m
a) 1,28 at
b) 1,13 at
c) 1,43 at
d) 2,12 at
50 Trn thnh phng nghing 45o ca mt b cha nc c mt l hnh ch
nht kch thc a = 0,2m; b = 0,3m. Np hnh bn tr ng kn l
c gi vo b nh cc buloong. cao H = 1m. Lc ko P tc dng
ln cc buloong bng:
B
(4)
H
P
a
a) 152 N
b) 556 N
c) 1314 N
d) 2529 N
51 Ngi ta c xi lanh rng c chiu cao H = 380mm v ng knh trong
ln nht d = 400mm bng cch rt gang lng vo khun ri cho khun
quay quanh trc thng ng ca n vi s vng quay n = 300v/ph. B
dy thnh xilanh di dy hn thnh trn l:
A
(4)
25
d
H
a) 2 cm
b) 3 cm
c) 4 cm
d) 5 cm
52 Vt C v piston tr nng 3kN; d = 6cm; D = 30cm; a = 30cm; b = 5cm;
ma st lp lt kn bng 5% lc nn ca piston tr. to ra mt lc p
ln vt C l P = 35 kN th lc Q tc dng vo cn ca my p thu lc
bng:
B
(4)
Pep
a
Q
d
a) 187 N
b) 267 N
c) 378 N
d) 488 N
53 Mt bc tng hnh ch nht c chiu rng l b = 4m chu ct nc tc
dng t hai pha l H1 = 6m; H2 = 4m. Tr s im t ca p lc nc
tc dng ln tng l:
P
L
B
(4)
H1
H2
A
(4)
26
v
a
L/2
L/2
da
u
a) PT = 4904 N
b) PT = 5518 N
c) PT = 6130 N
d) PT = 3130 N
55 Mt ng b tng hnh tr trn ngn i b di L =4m. Mc nc hai
bn l H1 =10m, H 2 = 5m. Gi tr ca p lc nc tc dng ln ng b
tng bng:
C
(4)
H1
H2
a) 1470,88 kN
b) 2938,64 kN
c) 2739,08 kN
d) 2629,52 kN
Chng 3: ng hc lu cht.
1 Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 3
1.1 Hiu v nm r cc khi nim v c trng c bn ca dng chy, phng trnh lin tc ca
dng lu cht.
1
Stt
1
2
tt
1
p n
(trng s im)
A
(1)
27
b) Chuyn ng c xoy
c) Chuyn ng ph thuc thi gian
d) Chuyn ng c th
2
ng dng l :
a) ng biu din qu o chuyn ng ca mt phn t cht lng
D
(1)
D
(1)
Dng chy u l:
a) Vn tc khng i trn mt ct bt k
C
(1)
D
(1)
A
(1)
A
(1)
b) 5000
c) 49050
d) 58860
28
A
(1)
b) 4000
c) 49050
d) 9810
9
D
(1)
C
(1)
a) 60 mm
b) 15 mm
c) 30 mm
d) Cha xc nh c
11 Cho dng cht lng khng nn c chuyn ng dng, ta c:
a) Q = const, vi Q l lu lng th tch
D
(1)
B
(1)
B
(1)
+ div( u ) = 0 nu
t
D
(1)
a) div(u )= 0
b) div(u ) = 0
29
c)
=0
t
d) Cc p n kia u ng
15 Phng trnh vi phn lin tc ca dng cht kh chuyn ng n nh
(dng):
B
(1)
a) div (u )= const
b) div(u ) = 0
c)
+ div( u ) = 0
t
d)
=0
t
C
(1)
uZ = az + bx
a) c = 2a, b
b) b = c/2, a
c) a = -c/2, b
d) (a,b,c)
17 Chuyn ng ca cht lng c cho trc bi cc thnh phn vn tc:
uX = ax + bt; uy = -ay + b; uZ = 0
C
(1)
A
(1)
C
(1)
b) grad(u) = 0
c) rot u = 2 0
d) Khng c p n chnh xc
20 Phng trnh lin tc ca cht lng chuyn ng dng chy c p trong
ng trn c dng:
a) Q = vS
C
(1)
b) 1S1= 2S2
30
2
2
c) v1d1 = v2d2
d) u1dS1 = u2dS2
21 Trong trng hp no sau y th ux, uy, uz c th l thnh phn vn tc
ca mt dng chy khng nn c (a, b, c, d l cc hng s):
C
(1)
a) ux = -dx + b; uy = -ay + c; uz = d
b) ux = a + bx; uy = cy + d; uz = cy + x
c) ux = -ax + b; uy = ay + c; uz = c
d) ux = -ax + b; uy = -ay + c; uz = cz
22 Mt chuyn ng c vec t vn tc
l:
u =2 x 2 i 4 xy j +xyk ,
D
(1)
C
(1)
h
b
bh
.
(b + h)
bh
R=
2(b + h )
a) R =
b)
c) R =
bh
.
b + 2h
A
(1)
a) 4 v1
b) 2 v1
c) 1/4 v1
d) 1/2 v1
25 Xt mt dng chy c p n nh trong ng, lu lng khi lng trong
ng:
D
(1)
a) C n v l kg/s
b) L khi lng cht lng i qua mt ct t ca dng chy trong mt
n v thi gian
c) L khi lng cht lng i qua mt mt ct ngang bt k ca ng
ng trong mt n v thi gian
31
d) C 3 cu kia u ng
Chng 4: ng lc hc lu cht.
1 Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 4
1.1 Phng trnh Bernoulli ca dng chy dng, phng trnh ng lng ca dng chy dng.
1
Stt
1
tt
1
Cu hi v p n
V nng n v l:
a) z
p n
(trng s im)
A
(1)
b) z + p/
c) c n v l J
d) C ba p n kia u sai
2
B
(1)
b) pck /
c) C n v l N/s
d) Cha c p n chnh xc
3
Th nng n v l:
a) z + p/
D
(1)
b) C n v l m
c) Th nng ca mt n v trng lng cht lng
d) Cc p n kia u ng
4
cao vn tc l:
a) v
B
(1)
b) u2/2g
c)
2gh
d) Khng c cu tr li
32
B
(1)
a) p
b) p/
c)
2gh
d) Khng c cu tr li
6
D
(1)
b) 2
c) Ty thuc loi cht lng
d) Cha yu t xc nh
7
B
(1)
a) gz
b) gz + p/
c) z + p/
d) mgz
8
D
(1)
B
(1)
a) Lin tc
C
(1)
b) ng lng
c) Bernoulli ca cht lng thc
d) Phng trnh Euler
11 ng nng v ng o p:
a) C th trng nhau
A
(1)
c) Lun lun dc ln
d) Lun lun dc xung
12 ng o p (z+p/ ) dc theo mt ng ng trn nm ngang c ng
knh khng i:
B
(1)
a) e = z + +
v2
2g
D
(1)
d) Cc p n kia u c
14 ng Ventury l dng c o:
B
(1)
F l :
Trong phng trnh: Q(2 v 2 1 v1 ) = F ,
B
(1)
C
(1)
A
(1)
c) p1 = p2
d) p1 > p2
18 Trong dng chy c p trong ng trn nm ngang c ng knh l d, p
sut ti mt ct trc l p 1, ti mt ct sau l p 2, ta c quan h gia p1 v
p2:
D
(1)
C
(1)
z1 +
p1 v1
p
v
+
= z2 + 2 + 2 2 + hw12
2g
2g
C
(1)
1. im 1 v 2 nm trn mt ng dng.
2. Tnh theo p sut d.
3. Cht lng chuyn ng dng, khng nn c, lc khi ch c
trng lc.
4. Cht lng nn c.
5. Dng chy u hoc bin i dn.
a) 1 , 2 , 3
b) 3 , 4 , 5
c) 1 , 3 , 5
d) 2 , 3 , 4
21
u2
2g
= const c
n v l:
C
(1)
a) m.N/m3
b) m.N/kg
c) m.N/N
d) m.N/s
22 Nng lng n v ca mt dng chy (e) l:
a) Nng lng ca mt n v khi lng cht lng
C
(1)
b) C n v l J/kg
c) C n v l m
d) Cc p n kia u ng
35
D
(1)
A
(1)
D
(1)
v2
p2
v1
p1
1
a) p2 = pa
b) p2 > pa
c) p2 < pa
d) Gi tr ca p2 ph thuc vo v1, v2 v p1
26 Dng chy ri qua ct cong nm trn mt phng ngang, bit mt ct 1 - 1
c din tch S1, p sut p1, vn tc v1, mt ct 2 - 2 c din tch S2, hW l
tn tht nng lng ca dng chy trong ng, p sut kh quyn l p a. p
sut ti mt ct 2 - 2:
B
(1)
v2
p2
v1
p1
1
a) p2 = pa
b) p 2 = p1 +
v12 v 22
h W
2
36
v12 v 22
c) p 2 = p1 +
+ hW
2
d) p 2 = p1 +
v12 v 22
+ hW
2
A
(1)
v2
p2 2
y
v1
p1
1
u2
dp
+
= const l:
2
D
(1)
A
(1)
pa
a) p > 0
b) p < 0
c) p = 0
d) p dng hay m ph thuc vo vn tc dng chy qua ng.
30 i vi dng cht lng v kh chuyn ng dng trong ng ta lun p
dng c phng trnh:
B
(1)
37
a) Q = const
b) .Q = const
p
c) z + +
v 2
2g
= const
d) v.Q = const
31 Trong dng cht lng chuyn ng:
a) p sut phn b theo qui lut thu tnh trn mi mt ct t
C
(1)
D
(1)
ng o a
p
5m
3m
p1 1 v12
+
2g
p1
a)
b)
c) Z 2 +
p2
2 v 22
2g
d) Cc p n kia u sai.
33 Chuyn ng trong ng trn nm ngang c ng nng nh hnh v. Gi
tr 5m o t tm ng biu din:
A
(1)
ng na
ng
5m
3m
p1 1 v12
+
2g
p1
b)
p2
c) z 2 +
a)
d)
p 2 2 v 22
+
2g
38
1
du
gradp =
dt
l cht lng:
A
(1)
a) Khng nht
b) Nht
c) Nn c
d) Phi Newton
35
p1
v
p
v
+ 1 1 = z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + h w1 2
2g
2g
B
(1)
C
(1)
sao cho tg
C
(1)
sao cho
D
(1)
b) Mt h thng kn
c) Mt khi lng c nh
d) Mt vng c nh trong khng gian
39
B
(1)
B
Z
C
(2)
Q, v
a) 800
b) 1250
c) 400
d) 625
41 Du (t trng d = 0,8) c vn tc v0 = 5m/s, lu lng Q0 = 70lit/s. B
qua tn tht nng lng v trng lc. Lc do tia du Pl-t tc dng ln mt
cnh go ng yn c gi tr l (N):
A
(2)
v1
v0, Q 0
Pl-t
v2
a) 560
b) 700
c) 350
d) 280
42 Cho h = 96cm v z = 0,2m. Cht lng trong p k l thy ngn c t trng
bng 13,6. Chnh lch p sut gia hai im A v B ca mt ng dn kh
( p = pA - pB) bng:
C
(2)
A
B
h
t
40
a) 109 kN/m2
b) 118 kN/m2
c) 128 kN/m2
d) 98 kN/m2
43 Tia du (c t trng 0,8) c vn tc V = 4,8m/s, lu lng Q = 21dm 3/s
bn vo gia gu gn sau xe. Gu l mt cong i xng 180o. B qua ma
st. Lc F tc dng vo xe theo phng ngang xe ng yn c gi tr
l (N):
Q,V
B
(2)
,V
a) F = 63
b) F = 161
c) F = 144
d) F = 156
44 Ngi ta mun thit k mt vi phun nc ln cao h = 12m. B qua tn
tht. Vn tc nc va ra khi ming ng bng (m/s):
B
(2)
h
d
D
a) 9,9
b) 15,34
c) 12,52
d) 14
45 Ngi ta mun thit k mt vi phun nc ln cao 5m, vi vn tc ra khi
vi phun v = 9,9m/s. ng knh ca ng dn D = 15cm, ca ming vi
phun d = 3cm. B qua tn tht v chnh lch cao gia vi phun v
ng dn. p sut d ca nc trong ng l (kPa):
D
(2)
h
d
D
a) 49
b) 97,8
c) 24,5
d) 78,2
46 Dng cht lng c = 0,8 chuyn ng trong mt on ng trn nm
ngang ng knh khng i c chiu di L = 10m. u on ng c p
D
(2)
41
- 0,3
c) - 0,25
d)
- 0,4
D
(2)
ck
h
hx
a) 3,5 m
b) 4,5 m
c) 5 m
d) 4 m
48 ng xi phng ht nc t sng vo rung. Bit h = 4m; pck = 0,8at;
hw= 0. Vn tc nc chy qua ng bng(m/s):
= 1;
B
(2)
ck
h
h
x
a) 9,9
b) 8,86
c) 12,5
d) 7,71
49 Nc t b c H = 30m, chy (ri) qua ng c ng knh d = 5cm ra
ngoi. B qua tn tht. Lu lng nc chy ra ngoi bng (lt/s):
A
(2)
H =30m
a) 47,6
b) 52,7
c) 76,5
d) 60,5
42
50
D
(2)
Q2,v
Q,v
Q1,v
a) 600
b) 300
c) 570
d) 450
51 Bit ng knh d1 = 300mm;d2 = 100mm; chnh ct thu ngn p
k h = 600mm; = 1;hw =0. T trng ca thu ngn bng 13,6. Lu
lng nc chy trong ng bng (lt/s):
Q
B
(4)
d1
d2
h
Hg
a) 24
b) 96
c) 30
d) 78
52 ng dn nc nm ngang c d1 = 75mm; d2 = 25mm. T ch ng co hp
ngi ta cm mt ng nh vo mt bnh cha nc. Bit p sut d
pd1=0,09at, lu lng Q = 3,1 lt/s. B qua tn tht nng lng. Nc
chy ri. Chiu cao h nc c th ht t bnh di ln ng dn l:
d1
pd1
C
(4)
d2 Q
h
a) 0,5 m
b) 0,6 m
c) 1,1 m
d) 0,7 m
53 u phun ca vi cha chy c tit din S2 = 0,01m2 c vn vo ng
D
(4)
43
S2
a) 14730 N
b) 7350 N
c) 110675 N
d) 4910 N
54 Bm B ht du t mt bnh cha qua ng ng di l = 1,8m vi Q = 4
l/s. Bit z = 1,2m; ti kho k = 4,8. Du c = 1cm2/s; =
860kg/m3. p sut chn khng ti mt ct vo bm p ck = 0,55at. Du chy
tng. ng knh ng dn du d bng:
C
(4)
z
d, l
ck
a) 45 mm
b) 50 mm
c) 56 mm
d) 62 mm
55 Bm B y du t mt bnh cha qua ng ng di L = 1,4m, ng
knh d = 0,03m vi Q = 6dm 3/s. Bit z = 3m; k = 4. Du c nht
=2cm2/s; = 8450 N/m3. Du chy tng. p sut y (c trn p k)
ca bm bng:
B
(4)
z
d, L
ak
a) 2,93 at
b) 1,95 at
c) 1,61 at
d) 0,85 at
56 Nc ra khi vi phun c ng knh d = 2cm t b nc c ct nc
H=12m. B qua ma st v trng lc. Lc F gi cho vt cn hnh nn (t
i din vi tia nc v c gc nh bng 90 o) c cn bng c tr s
B
(4)
44
bng:
900
a) 18,04 N
b) 21,7 N
c) 35,15 N
d) 47,8 N
57 Bit d1 = 50mm, d2 = 100mm, lu lng Q = 30m3/h. p k ch U cha
thu ngn c t trng = 13,6. Nc trong ng chy ri. B qua tn
tht dc ng. chnh ct thu ngn h p k l:
d1
C
(4)
d2
h
a) 15mm
b) 22mm
c) 27mm
d) 33mm
58 Bit lu lng nc chy trong ng Q = 2,4m 3/pht; ng knh ng
d=120mm; p sut d ca nc trong ng p d = 1,8at. B qua lc ma st
v trng lc.Lc do nc tc dng ln on ng cong nm ngang ni hai
on ng vung gc vi nhau bng:
A
(4)
Q
d
a) 3022 N
b) 2137 N
c) 6198 N
d) 9692 N
Chng 5: Chuyn ng mt chiu ca cht lng.
1 Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 5
45
1.1 Tn tht nng lng trong dng chy, dng chy tng c p trong ng trn, dng chy ri
c p trong ng trn, dng chy tng trong khe hp c gradien p sut.
Cc mc tiu kim tra nh gi v dng cu hi kim tra nh gi gi chng 5
Stt
1
Mc Hiu c cc kin
thc hc mc 1
tt
Cu hi v p n
chy l:
p n
(trng s im)
B
(1)
a) Tng
b) Ri
c) Qu
d) Khng th xc nh c
2
D
(1)
a) Bc 1
b) Bc 2
c) Bc trong khong t 1 n 2
d) Tu thuc ch chy
3
C
(1)
( v1 v 2 ) 2
2g
S
b) 1 2
S1
c) 0,51
v 22
2g
S2
S1
v 22
2g
46
d)
2
(
v1 v 2 )
( S 2 S1 )
2g
B
(1)
( v1 v 2 ) 2
2g
2
S
v2
b) 2 1 2
S1
2g
S
c) 0,51 2
S1
d)
5
2
(
v1 v 2 )
( S 2 S1 )
2g
A
(1)
B
(1)
64
Re
A
(1)
vi:
a) Re =
v.d
u.R h
v.R h
c) Re =
b) Re =
d) Re =
8
v.R h
l v2
C
(1)
d) C 3 trng hp kia u c
9
l v2
p dng c cho trng hp:
4 R h 2g
B
(1)
C
(1)
b) T l nghch vi ng knh ng bc 2
c) T l nghch vi ng knh ng bc 4 khi chuyn ng tng
d) T l nghch vi ng knh ng bc 1 khi chuyn ng ri
11 S Reynolds phn gii di ca cht lng chy c p trong ng trn:
a) C gi tr bng 2320
B
(1)
b) C 3 cu kia u ng
c) L c s phn bit trng thi chy ca dng cht lng
d) C ngha quan trng trong vic nghin cu dng chy trong ng
12 Khi vn tc nc chy trong ng hai trng hp nh nhau, tn tht
cc b ca dng chy theo chiu A: hcA = 0,8m th khi chy theo chiu B
tn tht cc b hcB s bng:
C
(1)
(A)
(B)
a) 0,4 m
b) 0,8 m
c) 1,6 m
d) 0,6 m
13 Quy lut phn b vn tc trn mt mt ct t ca dng chy tng trong
khe hp gia hai bn phng song song ng yn:
A
(1)
C
(1)
c)
d) Khng i
15 Trng thi chy tng thng xut hin trong trng hp:
a) Dng chy trong cc khe rt hp
A
(1)
1 p
3
Cng thc sau Q = 12 L D dng tnh lu lng ca dng chy:
B
(1)
1 p
Bh 3 dng tnh lu lng ca dng chy:
12 L
C
(1)
Cng thc Q =
u
1 p
Bh 3 + 0 Bh dng tnh lu lng ca dng
12 L
2
C
(1)
chy tng:
a) Trong ng trn
b) Trong khe hp gia 2 mt tr trn
c) Trong khe hp gia 2 bn phng song song 1 ng yn,1 chuyn ng.
d) Trong khe hp gia 2 bn phng song song ng yn
19
1 p
3 e2
D3 1 +
Cng thc Q =
12 L
2 2
D
(1)
chy:
a) Tng trong ng trn
b) Ri trong ng trn
c) Tng trong khe hp gia 2 bn phng song song ng yn
d) Tng trong khe hp gia 2 mt tr trn lch tm
Cng thc p =
12 LQ
dng tnh st p ca dng chy :
Bh 3
D
(1)
B
(1)
D
(1)
a) 1,33 m/s
b) 1,24m/s
c) 0,88m/s
d) 3 m/s
22
6Q R
ln , Q l:
ro
h 3
B
(1)
B
(1)
6Q R
ln
ro
h 3
128 LQ
d 4
12 L Q
c) p =
h 3B
b) p =
d) p =
128 L Q
h 3B
A
(2)
a) 1,128
b) 0,886
c) 1,333
d) 1,50
25 Cht lng c nht 10mm2/s, chy tng c p trong ng nm ngang L
=500m, d = 100mm vi Q = 10lit/s. Tn tht nng lng dc dng
bng:
B
(2)
a) 1,56 m
50
b) 2,08 m
c) 3,12 m
d) 4,24 m
26 Dng chy y trong ng c mt ct ngang l mt hnh vung c cnh
3m. Chiu di ng l 981m. Vn tc chy trong ng v = 3m/s. H s ma
st = 0,03. Tn tht nng lng dc ng hd ca dng chy trong ng
bng:
C
(2)
a) 6 m
b)
3m
c) 4,5 m
d) 9 m
27 Nc chy t b cha c H = 12m ra ngoi qua ng c ng knh d =
1m. Tng tn tht nng lng ca dng chy h W = 2m, nc chy ri. Lu
lng nc chy ra bng:
D
(2)
a) 16 m3/s
b) 12 m3/s
c) 14 m3/s
d) 11 m3/s
28 Dng chy vi lu lng Q = 0,02 m 3/s trong ng ng c tit din thu
hp t ngt t S1=0,05 m2 sang S2= 0,005 m2. Tn tht nng lng t
thu ht bng:
A
(2)
a) 0,37 m
b) 0,66 m
c) 1,32 m
d) 0,41 m
29 Dng chy vi lu lng Q = 0,02m 3/s trong ng ng c tit din m
rng t ngt t S1=0,005m2 sang S2= 0,05m2. Tn tht nng lng t
m hm bng:
C
(2)
a) 0,37 m
b) 1,32 m
c) 0,66 m
d) 0,41 m
30 Nc c dn t A n B cch nhau 0,5km trong on ng trn nm
ngang c ng knh d = 15cm, h s ma st = 0,025. Lu lng dng
chy trong ng Q = 40l/s. B qua tn tht cc b. dc thu lc l:
B
(2)
a) 0,052
b) 0,043
51
c) 0,035
d) 0,028
31 Nc chy (ri) qua ng nm ngang nh hnh v, ng knh d 1 =
100mm; d2 = 50mm. Trong ng d1 vn tc ca nc v1 = 0,4m/s. B qua
tn tht. Chnh lch cao h trong hai ng o p bng (mm):
C
(2)
d2
d1
a) 24,5
b) 152
c) 122
d) 75,5
32 Dng chy tng c p trong khe hp gia 2 bn phng song song ng
yn c s Reynolds Rek = 480 th k bng:
D
(2)
a) 0,03
b) 0,133
c) 0,04
d) 0,05
33 Nc 80o C (ly = 0,484.10- 6 m2/s), chy qua ng ca b tn nhit
c tit din hnh ch nht c cnh 2mm X 10mm. Vn tc nh nht
dng lun chy ri (truyn nhit tt hn chy tng) l:
C
(2)
a) 12,5cm/s
b) 18,7 cm/s
c) 33,7 cm/s
d) 22,7 cm/s
34 ng ng dn du nm ngang c ng knh d= 0,1m v di l = 10km,
du chy tng v nht = 0,002Ns/m2. Mun du chy vi lu lng
Q =13,9dm3/s th chnh lch p sut gia 2 u ng phi bng:
A
(2)
a) 1,16 at
b) 3,78 at
c) 11,3 at
d) 2,38 at
35 Tm phng c din tch S = 0,6m2, c ko trt ngang gia, cch
thnh c nh h = 5mm trong du c = 0,163N.s/m2, vi vn tc
v=1,0m/s. Lc F cn thit ko tm phng l:
h
B
(2)
52
a) 13,28 N
b) 39,12 N
c) 19,56 N
d) 6,64 N
36 Lu lng du d r qua khe h gia xilanh v piston tr khi ng tm l
6cm3/s. Khi gia chng c lch tm tng i
du d r s l (cm3/s):
e
= 0,5 th lu lng
A
(2)
a) 8,25
b) 9
c) 7,5
d) 12
37 Nc chy qua van tit lu c tit din l S = 0,25m 2, h s lu lng
=0,6. Khi p sut p1= 5at, p2= 1at, th lu lng bng (m3/s):
Q
(1)
A
(2)
(2)
Van tie
t lu
a) 4,2
b) 3,6
c) 2,1
d) 1,2
38 Du bi trn n cc trc theo ng ng gm cc on ng c chiu
di L = 500mm; d = 4mm, D = 10mm. Du chy tng v p sut ti mi
trc nh nhau. B qua tn tht cc b. mi trc nhn c khng
di 8 cm3/s th lu lng ti nt A phi bng:
A
(4)
D, L D, L A
d, L d, L
d, L
a) QA= 24,82 cm3/s
b) QA= 34,52 cm3/s
c) QA= 38,75 cm3/s
d) QA= 44,15 cm3/s
39 Nc chy t bnh di ln bnh trn vi lu lng Q = 3,5 l/s. Bit
d=50mm, L = 3,5m; h s cn ca kha k = 8; nhm: = 0,3mm,
C
(4)
=
r
h s ma st:
. Ch s trn p k M
( 2. lg
+
1,74) 2
bng:
53
M
h
h
d
k
a) 1,1 at
b) 1,29 at
c) 1,4 at
d) 1,96 at
40 Trc trn ng knh d = 4cm quay trong mt lt di L = 6cm. Khe hp
gia trc v lt rng = 0,02mm c bi trn bi du c
=0,04Pa.s. Trc quay vi n = 180v/ph. Cng sut tiu hao cho ma st
bng:
d
C
(4)
a) 0,136 W
b) 1,339 W
c) 2,140 W
d) 3,929 W
41 Chiu cao ht ca bm zh = 5m, ng ht c ng knh d = 120mm;
L=10m; h s ma st = 0,035; h s tn tht cc b ti li chn rc
r=8; ti ch un u = 0,15; Q = 6,6 lt/s. Nc chy ri. p sut chn
khng pck ti mt ct vo bm:
D
(4)
ck
Zh d,L
a) pck = 0,48 at
b) pck = 0,52 at
c) pck = 0,63 at
d) pck = 0,37 at
42 Bit cao chn khng ti mt ct vo bm hck = 4,5m ct nc; ng ht
c d = 150mm; L = 10m; h s ma st = 0,03; h s tn tht ti li
chn rc r = 6,0 ; ch un u = 0,2 ; lu lng qua bm Q =
16dm3/s. Nc chy ri. cao t bm Zh bng:
D
(4)
54
ck
Zh d,L
a) 3,5 m
b) 5,5 m
c) 4,3 m
d) 4,1 m
43 Mt bm nc c N = 60kW, = 80%, lm vic vi Q = 0,15m 3/s v
cao chn khng cho php [HCK] = 6m. Tng tn tht cc b trn ng
ng ht h wh =5m , b qua tn tht dc ng, d1 = d2 = 250mm.
Nc chy ri. Chiu cao ht cho php [Zh] ca bm bng:
d1
C
(4)
d2
B
Zh
a) 6,5 m
b) 6,8 m
c) 3,2 m
d) 3,5 m
Chng 6: Dng chy qua l, vi.
1 Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 6
1.1 Tnh ton thy lc dng chy qua l, tnh ton thy lc dng chy qua vi.
1
Stt
1
2
tt
p n
(trng s im)
55
A
(1)
a) Ln hn
b) Nh hn
c) Bng
d) Cha iu kin so snh
2
B
(1)
A
(1)
c
c
a) Lun lun
b) Lun lun
c) Lun lun
v<
2gH
v>
2gH
v=
2gH
d) Cha c p n chnh xc
4
D
(1)
c
c
a) Q = .S.v
b) Q = .Sc.v
c) Q = S.v
d) Q = Sc.v
5
D
(1)
C
(1)
D
(1)
a) y = H.x 2
b) y = 2gH.x 2
c) y =
x2
.
2gH
d) y =
x2
.
4H
Mt b cha di 10m, rng 5m, cha cht lng cao h = 2m. B qua tn
tht. Thi gian tho cn b qua l c din tch S = 0,5dm 2 lp di y
b bng (giy):
B
(2)
h = 2m
a) 3193
b) 6385
c) 7385
d) 9577
Chng 7: Tnh ton thy lc ng ng c p.
1 Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 7
1.1 Tnh ton thy lc ng ng n gin, tnh ton thy lc mt s ng ng phc tp.
1
Stt
1
Mc Hiu c cc kin
thc hc mc 1
tt
1
Cu hi v p n
Khi nim ng ng di trong tnh ton thy lc ng ng l loi
ng ng:
p n
(trng s im)
D
(1)
C
(1)
B
(1)
A
(1)
A
(1)
D
(1)
58
h1
h2
D
Qra
A
(1)
Q1
d,L
2
Q2
a) Q1 < Q2
b) hw1 > hw2
c) Q1 > Q2
d) hW1 < hW2
8
(1)
C
(1)
(5)
(3)
(4)
a) Q1 = Q2 + Q3 + Q4
b) hd2 = hd3
c) Q1 = Q5
d) hd2 = hd3 + hd4 -hd5
9
C
(1)
Q2
Q1
Bm
Q3
a) Q1 = Q2 - Q3
59
b) Q1 = Q2 = Q3
c) Q1 = Q2 + Q3
d) Q1 = Q3 - Q2
10 Ba bn cha ni vi nhau nh hnh v, mc nc trong bn I cao hn bn
II v mc nc bn II cao hn bn III. Dng chy trong ng s l:
I
D
(1)
II
0
III
a) Bn I chy v 0, 0 chy v bn II
b) Bn I chy v 0, bn II chy v 0
c) Bn II chy v 0, 0 chy v bn III
d) Cha c s xc nh
11 Nc chy t b qua mng li ng dn nh hnh v, lu lng nc ly
ra khi cc im B, C, D, E, F l q. Lu lng nc chy trong ng BD
l:
A
D
(1)
D
F
G
a) 2q
b) 5q
c) 3q
d) 4q
12 Nc chy trong h thng ng ng, vn tc v tnh bng cng thc:
C
(1)
V 1,d1
V 3, d3
Q2
2
d3
d12
v
=
v
Q
a) 1
3
2
4
d1
d
4Q
b) v1 = 22 + v 3 3
d1
d1
d
4Q
c) v1 = v 3 3 22
d 1
d1
60
d
d) v1 = Q 2 + v 3 3
d1
b)
c)
d)
C 3 trng hp kia u c
14 Ba bnh hnh tr c kch thc bng nhau v cha cht lng vi cao
H nh nhau (Bnh 1: du; 2: nc; 3: thy ngn), b qua ma st, so snh
thi gian T tho ht cht lng qua l nh c cng ng knh bng
D di y bnh, ta c:
1. Da
u
D
2.N
c
D
D
(1)
C
(1)
3.Thu
y nga
n
H
D
a) T1 < T2 < T3
b) T1 > T2 > T3
c) T1 = T2 = T3
d) Cha c c s so snh
15 Khi tnh lu lng dng chy n nh t (1) qua van tit lu (c chiu
dy = 0,5d) sang (2), ta c th p dng cng thc tnh lu lng ca
bi ton:
B
(1)
(1)
(2)
Van tie
t lu
A
4
D
(1)
B
3
61
Q2
L l:
K2
D
(1)
128LQ
Cng thc H = gd 4
c th dng tnh:
D
(1)
Q2
L c dng tnh cho:
K2
B
(1)
Q =K
, n v ca K l:
a) m3/s
A
(1)
b) m/s
c) J/N
d)
m/ s
B
(2)
a) 19,4
62
b) 24,1
c) 23,2
d) 25,8
22 Mt ng ng bng gang mi c chiu di L = 500m, lu lng nc
chy trong ng Q = 244 lit/s. Ngi ta tra c h s c trng lu lng
K = 1726 lit/s. chnh ct p tnh H bng (m):
D
(2)
a) 20
b) 30
c) 40
d) 10
23 Mt ng ng bng gang mi c chiu di L = 2500m, chnh ct p
tnh H = 30m. Lu lng nc chy trong ng Q= 250 lit/s. H s c
trng lu lng K (m3/s):
C
(2)
a) 3,245
b) 2,502
c) 2,282
d) 2,722
24 ng ng di 2L, ng knh d, ni hai bnh c chnh H. Nc chy
tng, b qua tn tht cc b. Nu ta ni t gia ng 4 nhnh song song
c chiu di tng ng L, ng knh d th khi lu lng nc chy
trong ng s tng ln:
A
(2)
d, L
d, L
a) 1,6 ln
b) 1,5 ln
c) 3 ln
d) 2,66 ln
25 Cho 3 on ng ghp r nhnh nh hnh v. Chiu di on ng AB l
L1=20m, ng knh D1 = 40mm, h s ma st 1 = 0,025. chch
lch ct p ti hai u on ng AB l 6m. Lu lng tho ra C l 2
lit/s. Lu lng tho ra D l (lit/s):
A
B
(2)
C
B
a) 1,46
b) 1,85
63
c) 0,73
d) 3,15
26 Nc chy trong ng nh hnh v, lu lng Q2 = 1,16lit/s, ng knh d1
= 11cm, d3 = 15cm. Khi V3 = 18cm/s th V1 c gi tr bng:
B
(2)
V 1,d
1
V 3, d3
Q2
a) 11,8 cm/s
b) 45,7 cm/s
c) 31,3 cm/s
d) 58,3 cm/s
27 Nc chy t b A kn phn nhnh sang 2 b h B v C. Bit tn tht
nng lng trong ng ng 1 l: h W1 = 5m. p sut d trong b A l
pdA=63,765kPa. Tn tht nng lng trong ng ng (3) l:
B
(2)
pd
A
(A
)
Z = 15m
(2)
(1)
(B
)
(3)
(C
)
a) 18,5 m
b) 16,5 m
c) 17,5 m
d) 15,5 m
A
(2)
pckB
(2)
(1)
(B
)
(3)
a) 52,33 kPa
(C
)
b) 58,86 kPa
c) 49,85 kPa
d) 37,91 kPa
29 ng c ng knh d = 150mm. Ct nc H l = 3,5m. Tn tht t b vo
ng l hv = 0,5m ct nc. B qua tn tht dc ng v cc ch un.
B
(2)
64
Ct nc H2 bng:
d
H1
H2
a) 1,5 m
b) 2 m
c)
2,5 m
d)
3m
A
(2)
H1
H2
a) 78,2 lt/s
b) 85,4 lt/s
c) 88,7 lt/s
d) 97,3 lt/s
31
v2
=1m , ct nc
2g
C
(2)
z
H2
a) 0,4 at
b) 0,5 at
c) 0,6 at
d) 0,7 at
32 Dng chy qua l mng nh hnh v. Cho din tch co hp S c = 3cm2; h
s vn tc = 0,8; H = 3m. Lu lng Q chy qua l l:
C
(2)
65
c
c
a) 0,43 lit/s
b) 0,81 lit/s
c) 1,84 lit/s
d) 2,54 lit/s
33 Dng chy qua l mng nh hnh v. Din tch l S = 5cm2; h s lu
lng = 0,6; H = 4m. Lu lng chy qua l l:
B
(2)
c
c
a) 1,73 lit/s
b) 2,66 lit/s
c) 3,94 lit/s
d) 4,03 lit/s
34 B cha du c ct du cao 4m khng i. Vn tc l thuyt (b qua tn
tht) ca du chy qua l y l:
B
(2)
a) 6,61 m/s
b) 8,86 m/s
c) 14,34 m/s
d) 11,45 m/s
35 Mt l khoan trn thnh ca b cch y h = 1,5m. Gi s cht lng
khng c ma st. on tia nc phng ra xa nht L = 10m, th H phi
bng :
B
(2)
H
h
L
a) 18,17 m
b) 16,67m
c) 8,50 m
d) 17,60 m
36 Dng chy t b cha c ct nc H = 300mm qua l thnh mng. H s
vn tc = 0,96 th vn tc ti mt ct co hp vc bng:
A
(2)
66
a) 2,33 m/s
b) 3,38 m/s
c) 4,55 m/s
d) 5,34 m/s
Chng 9: Nhng khi nim c bn v my thy kh v my bm.
1 Cc ni dung kin thc ti thiu m sinh vin phi nm vng sau khi hc xong chng 9
1.1 Cc thng s lm vic c bn, nhng khi nim c bn v my bm,cc phng trnh v
thng s lm vic c bn ca bm, ng c tnh ca bm.
3
Stt
1
tt
1
Cu hi v p n
Cc bm sau thuc nhm bm th tch:
a) Ly tm, piston
p n
(trng s im)
C
(1)
D
(1)
C
(1)
67
B
(1)
A
(1)
D
(1)
A
(1)
B
(1)
A
(1)
C
(1)
68
D
(1)
b) Gim lu lng bm
c) Gim tc quay
d) Tu thuc tnh hnh thc t c th gim 1 trong 3 thng s trn
12 p sut hi bo ho ca cht lng:
a) Tng khi nhit gim
C
(1)
A
(1)
A
(1)
a) Chc chn c gi tr m
b) Chc chn c gi tr dng
c) Chc chn bng khng
d) Ph thuc iu kin c th
15 Chiu cao ht ca bm nc:
a) Khng bao gi ti 10m
B
(1)
D
(1)
a) Ch yu l ng nng
b) Ch yu l p nng
c) Ch yu l th nng
d) ng nng v p nng
17 Nng lng trao i gia my bm v cht lng trong bm th tch gm:
a) Ch yu l ng nng
B
(1)
69
b) Ch yu l p nng
c) Ch yu l th nng
d) ng nng v p nng
18 c tnh h thng (HC) l ng biu din:
a) Nng lng yu cu ca h thng
B
(1)
A
(1)
b) Tuyn tnh
c) Khng th bit c
d) Ty thuc vo ch chy ca dng trong h thng
20 i vi my thy lc, hiu sut thy lc tng khi:
a) nht tng
C
(1)
b) Lu lng tng
c) Tn tht nng lng cc b v tn tht do ma st ca dng cht lng
gim
d) chnh p sut bung y v bung ht tng
21 Bin php no sau y c th lm tng hiu sut c kh ca my bm:
a) Tng cng lm kn
D
(1)
B
(1)
B
(1)
D
(1)
70
a) cu < u
b) cu = u
c) cu > u
d) cu < u v ph thuc c vo
25 Bm ly tm c 2 > 90o s c:
a) Ct p l thuyt tng khi lu lng tng
A
(1)
D
(1)
D
(1)
A
(1)
B
(1)
B
(1)
B
(1)
A
(1)
b) Gc t cnh ti li ra 2 gim
c) Gc t cnh ti li vo 1 tng
d) Gc t cnh ti li vo 1 gim
33 Thnh phn ct p l thuyt ng ca bm ly tm H l:
l
c 22 c12
2g
2
w w 12
= 2
2g
2
u u 12
= 2
2g
A
(1)
a) H lt =
b) H lt
c) H lt
d) H lt =
u 22 u 12 w 12 w 22
2g
2g
C
(1)
a) Do thay i vn tc tng i w
b) Do thay i vn tc theo u
c) Do thay i vn tc w, u
d) Do thay i vn tc tuyt i c
35 Cc nguyn nhn lm gim hiu sut thy lc ca bm ly tm l:
a) Tn tht nng lng do ma st c kh
B
(1)
D
(1)
b) Cc khe h cho php mt phn cht lng quay tr ngc v bnh cng
tc ca bm
c) S cnh hu hn v tht thot r r cht lng ra ngoi my
72
B
(1)
A
(1)
D
(1)
D
(1)
D
(1)
C
(1)
C
(1)
D
(1)
b) Tng cng lm kn
c) nht cht lng bm tng
d) chnh p sut bung y v bung ht tng.
45 Mt thng cha 2m3 xng, trng lng ca khi xng l 14715N, khi
lng ring ca xng bng (kg/m3):
C
(1)
a) 735,75
b) 800
c) 750
d) 9810
46 Cht lng c th tch ban u l 10 m3 c nn thm mt p sut p =
50at. M un n hi th tch ca cht lng E = 2.109N/m2. Th tch cht
lng sau khi nn gim i mt lng V (m3) l:
C
(1)
a) 1,955
b) 0,1496
c) 0,0245
d) 0,245
47 nht ng hc ca du =15mm2/s, du c t trng = 0,8.
nht ng lc (Ns/m2) l:
B
(1)
a) 12.103
b) 12.10-3
c) 18,75
d) 120
48 Du c nht ng lc = 0,001Ns/m2, = 9810N/m3, nht
ng hc (cm2/s) bng:
A
(1)
a) 0,01
b) 1
c) 9,81.103
d) 0,1
49 Bm m hnh c ng knh bnh cng tc 0,6m lm vic vi lu lng l
0,04m3/s, s vng quay 1000v/ph. Bm thc c ng knh bnh cng tc
0,9m lm vic vi s vng quay 1500v/ph, lu lng l:
A
(2)
a) 202,5 lt/s
b) 405,5 lt/s
c) 502,4 lt/s
d) 558,4 lt/s
74
A
(2)
a) 50,6 m
b) 74,5 m
c) 114 m
d) 33,8 m
51 Mt bm ly tm khi lm vic s vng quay nh mc n m = 1000 v/ph c
ct p H = 80m; s vng quay n = 600v/ph ct p ca bm s l:
A
(2)
a) 28,8 m
b) 60,1 m
c) 50,2 m
d) 55,4 m
52 Mt bm ly tm khi lm vic s vng quay nh mc n m = 1000 v/f c
cng sut N = 5 kW, s vng quay n = 600 v/f cng sut ca bm s
l (kW):
A
(2)
a) 1,08
b) 1,80
c)
d) 2,28
53 Mt my bm a nc t mt ging h ln mt b cha c p sut d
1,4at cao dng nc Z = 22m, tn tht nng lng trn ng ng
l 2m. Ct p ca bm tnh theo m ct nc l:
A
(2)
a) 38 m
b) 28 m
c) 32 m
d) 34 m
54 Mt my bm a nc t mt ging kn c p sut d trn mt thong
1,5 at ln mt b cha h; cao dng nc Z = 29m, tn tht nng
lng trn ng ng l 2,5m. Ct p ca bm l:
A
(2)
a) 16,5 m
b) 15,5 m
c) 17,5 m
d) 21,5 m
55 Trong h thng bm nc ang lm vic, chn khng k ti mt ct vo
bm ch 368mmHg, p k ti mt ct ra bm ch 2,35at. ng knh ng
ht v y bng nhau, p k t cao hn chn khng k 1,5m. Ct p H
ca bm bng:
B
(2)
a) 40m
b) 30m
c) 20m
75
d) 60m
56 Bm nc c lu lng Q = 20dm 3/s, ct p H = 40m nc, cng sut
N=10kW, hiu sut (%) l:
C
(2)
a) 76,5
b) 89,2
c) 78,5
d) 66,7
57 Mt bm piston lm vic vi lu lng Q = 10 lt/s v p sut p = 3at,
hiu sut = 75%. Cng sut trn trc bm bng:
B
(2)
a) 18,75 kW
b) 3,924 kW
c) 7,365 kW
d) 6,53 kW
58 Bm piston c cng sut trn trc N= 4kW, lm vic vi lu lng
Q=8,1 l/s, hiu sut = 80% th p sut ca bm bng:
C
(2)
a) 3 at
b) 3,5 at
c) 4 at
d) 4,5 at
59 Bm lm vic trong iu kin: mt thong b ht thng vi kh quyn,
trn ng ht c tn tht nng lng h wh = 0,5m, cao vn tc ,
2
C
(2)
v 22
= 0,5m , cao chn khng cho php [Hck] = 8m. Chiu cao ht
2g
C
(2)
a) - 6,2m
b) 6,2m
c) - 3,8m
d) 3,8m
61 Trong mt th nghim bm ly tm o c:
p sut chn khng ng ht pck = 0,3 at, ng knh ng ht d 1 = 50
mm. p sut d trn ng y pAK = 5,5at, ng knh ng y d2 = 40
mm. p k t cao hn chn khng k y = 1,3m. Bm chy 5 pht th
D
(4)
76
ck
a) 61%
b) 71%
c) 73%
d) 65%
62 Mt my bm nc t b ln bn cha nc trn cao vi Q = 1,25dm 3/s.
Cao trnh A = 5 m. Cao trnh C =15m. ng ht v ng y c tng chiu
di l L = 17m; ng knh D = 3cm, h s ma st = 0,02. Hiu sut
= 0,7. B qua tn tht cc b. Cng sut trn trc bm bng:
A
(4)
D,
D, B
A
a) 206,8 W
b) 171,8 W
c) 143,8 W
d) 258,2 W
63 Mt bm nc c N = 60 kW, = 80%, lm vic vi Q = 0,15 m3/s v
cao chn khng cho php [HCK] = 6m. Tng tn tht cc b trn
ng ng ht h h =5 , b qua tn tht dc ng, d1 = d2 = 250mm.
Nc chy ri. Chiu cao ht cho php [zh] ca bm bng:
d2
d1
zh
pa
B
(4)
B
m
a) 5,8 m
b) 3,2 m
77
c) 3,5 m
d) 5,5 m
Cc hng dn cn thit khc: T hp thi theo chng trnh c sn. Cch tnh im
theo xc sut thng k:
Socautra
liung
Socaunga
unhienu
ng
iemso
=
Lamtron
Thangiem
Socaue
thi
Socaunga
unhienu
ng
0
iemso
Ngn hng cu hi thi ny c thng qua b mn v nhm cn b ging dy hc phn.
Tp.HCM, ngy 14 thng 11 nm 2007
Ngi bin son
(K v ghi r h tn, hc hm, hc v)
T trng b mn:
79