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Bai giang 3

O CO GIAN CUA CUNG VA CAU

CAC NOI DUNG CHNH

o co gian cua cau theo gia o co gian cheo cua cau o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap o co gian cua cung (theo gia) Ganh nang cua thue
ang Van Thanh 2

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

o co gian cua cau

Khai niem:
o co gian cua cau theo bien so x la % thay oi cua lng cau khi bien so x thay oi 1%.

Cong thc tnh:

Ex = % QD/ % x

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Khai niem: La phan tram thay oi trong lng cau cua mot hang hoa hoac dch vu khi gia cua no thay oi 1%. Cong thc tnh: EP
EP
27.9.2010

(% Q)/(% P)
Q P * P Q
4

Q/Q P/P
ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Nhan xet
Do moi quan he gia P va Q la nghch bien nen EP < 0. EP khong co n v tnh

1) 2)

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Cac trng hp co gian cua cau theo gia

Neu EP <- 1 hay /Ep/ >1: phan tram thay oi cua lng cau ln hn phan tram thay oi cua gia. Cau co gian nhieu, khach hang phan ng manh. Neu EP >- 1 hay /Ep/ <1: phan tram thay oi cua lng cau nho hn phan tram thay oi cua gia. Cau co gian t, khach hang phan ng yeu. Neu EP =- 1 hay /Ep/ =1: phan tram thay oi cua lng cau bang vi phan tram thay oi cua gia. Cau co gian mot n v
27.9.2010 ang Van Thanh 6

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

o co gian cua cau theo gia

P 4

EP

Ep < -1

Khi di chuyen xuong di ng cau, o co gian cang giam.

Ep = -1

Ep > -1

Ep = 0 4
27.9.2010 ang Van Thanh

Q
7

o co gian cua cau theo gia

P

Cau co gian hoan toan D

Cau hoan toan khong co gian

P*

EP

EP

Q
ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Nhng nhan to chnh anh hng en o co gian cua cau theo gia

Tnh chat cua hang hoa. Tnh thay the cua hang hoa. Mc chi tieu cua mat hang trong tong mc chi tieu Tnh thi gian
ang Van Thanh 9

27.9.2010

o co gian cua cau theo gia

Moi quan he gia doanh thu (chi tieu) va gia ban phu thuoc vao Ep

EP<-1: TR nghch bien vi P (ong bien vi Q) EP>-1: TR ong bien vi P (nghch bien vi Q) Tai mc gia va lng ban co EP= -1 TR the nao?
27.9.2010 ang Van Thanh 10

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

o co gian cheo cua cau

o co gian cheo gia hai mat hang X va Y la phan tram thay oi cua lng cau mat hang X khi gia mat hang Y thay oi 1%.

E XY
E XY
27.9.2010

(% Q X )/(% PY )
Q X /Q X PY /PY
ang Van Thanh

Q X PY * PY Q X
11

o co gian cheo cua cau

EXY = 0 : X va Y la hai mat hang khong lien quan EXY < 0 : X va Y la hai mat hang bo sung EXY > 0 : X va Y la hai mat hang thay the
Quan he gia hai doanh nghiep la g?

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

12

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap

o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap la phan tram thay oi cua lng cau khi thu nhap thay oi 1%.

EI
EI

(% Q)/(% I )
Q/Q I/I
ang Van Thanh

Q I * I Q
13

27.9.2010

o co gian cua cau theo thu nhap

EI < 0: hang cap thap EI > 0: hang thong thng

EI <1: hang thiet yeu EI >1: hang cao cap

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

14

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

o co gian cua cung

o co gian cua cung (theo gia) la phan tram thay oi cua lng cung khi gia thay oi 1%. o co gian cua cung co dau dng do gia va lng cung quan he ong bien

ES
ES
27.9.2010

(%

Q)/(%

P)

Q/Q P/P

Q P * P Q
15

ang Van Thanh

o co gian cua cung

ES>1: cung co gian nhieu ES<1: cung co gian t ES=1: cung co gian mot n v ES= 0: cung hoan toan khong co gian ES= : cung co gian hoan toan

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

16

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010

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Bai giang 3

Ai thc s la ngi chu thue?

P

* San lng giam

* Gia cau tang * Gia cung giam * Ngi tieu dung va nha san xuat cung chu thue
PD1 P0 PS
1

D Q1 Q0
Q
17

27.9.2010

ang Van Thanh

Ai chu thue nhieu hn tuy thuoc vao o co gian cua cung va cau
P

PD1

t
P0

PD1
P0

PS 1

t
PS 1

Cau co gian t hn cung, ngi tieu dung chu thue nhieu hn

Q1 Q0
27.9.2010

Cung co gian t hn cau, nha san xuat chu thue nhieu hn

Q1 Q0
18

Q
ang Van Thanh

ang Van Thanh

27.9.2010