Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 17

Khai lc ve that bai cua th trng Phan I: oc quyen

Khung phan tch that bai cua th trng

nh ngha no la g. Giai thch v sao no la mot that bai cua th trng.
Chnh la tnh phi hieu qua cua th trng va the hien qua hai iem chu yeu : Gay ra ton that vo ch hay phuc li xa hoi khong ln nhat Th trng ch co hang xau hoac khong ton tai. Giai phap cua t nhan Giai phap cua chnh phu

Giai phap khac phuc.

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Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 17

oc quyen ban la g?
1. Mot ngi ban Nhieu ngi mua 2. Mot san pham (khong co san pham thay the gan) 3. Co rao can ngan cac DN khac gia nhap nganh

Nguon goc cua oc quyen ban

e co oc quyen, phai ton tai rao can gia nhap nganh

Kinh te: Li the theo quy mo (dan ti oc quyen t nhien) Phap ly:

Quyen s hu tr tue (patent, copyrights) S cho phep cua chnh phu (thng la s hp thc hoa oc quyen t nhien hoac la e phuc vu cac muc tieu cua nha nc)

Ky thuat: Ngoai tac mang li (network externality)

Li ch cua mot san pham/dch vu tang khi so ngi s dung tang V du: Windows vs. Apple, ien thoai v.v.
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10.1.2011

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1/10/2011

10.1.2011

Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 17

Ton that phuc li xa hoi do oc quyen ban

$/Q

Do gia cao hn, ngi tieu dung mat A+B va nha san xuat thu c A-C.
Thang d ngi tieu dung b mat

DWL PM A PC B C

MC

AR MR QM
10.1.2011

QC

Q
5

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Ton that phuc li xa hoi do oc quyen ban

Gia ca oc quyen (PM) cao hn gia canh tranh (PC) hoac chi ph bien (MC) San lng oc quyen thap hn san lng co tnh canh tranh. (QM <QC) Gia cao lam cho nha oc quyen co li nhuan vt troi t viec chiem gi thang d cua ngi tieu dung Sc manh oc quyen ban gay ra ton that vo ch Tong quat: S dung nguon lc kem hieu qua (qua t)

ang Van Thanh

1/10/2011

10.1.2011

Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 17

Muc ch kiem soat oc quyen

Gia oc quyen thap hn, gan vi gia canh tranh (PC) hoac chi ph bien (MC) Gia tang san lng en QC ieu tiet li nhuan vt troi cua oc quyen e chi dung chung cho xa hoi. Giam ton that vo ch Tong quat: S dung nguon lc hieu qua hn

10.1.2011

ang Van Thanh Vu Thanh T Anh

Bien phap kiem soat oc quyen

Quy nh gia toi a ieu tiet thue Luat chong oc quyen (Luat canh tranh)

10.1.2011

ang Van Thanh Vu Thanh T Anh

ang Van Thanh

1/10/2011

10.1.2011

Chng trnh Giang day Kinh te Fulbright

Kinh te Vi mo

Bai giang 17

Quy nh gia oi vi oc quyen t nhien

$/Q

Khong quan ly gia, nha oc quyen se san xuat tai Qm va ban tai Pm.

Neu gia quy nh =PC, doanh nghiep se lo va rut lui khoi nganh. e doanh nghiep tiep tuc hoat ong va DWL=0, chnh phu phai cap bu nh ph
A

PM

Quy nh gia = Pr thu c san lng kha thi cao nhat, li nhuan kinh te= 0, chnh phu khong cap bu va DWL>0
E

Pr PC
B F

AC
C MC

AR MR
QM Qr QC Q

ieu tiet oc quyen bang chnh sach thue

Thue trc thu, phuc li xa hoi tang hay giam? Ai la ngi chu thue? Thue gian thu, phuc li xa hoi tang hay giam? Ai la ngi chu thue? T o rut ra ket luan:

Nganh nao nen ieu tiet bang thue? Nganh nao nen quan ly gia toi a?

10.1.2011

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10.1.2011