P(x) / .

:
i)To P(x) x- P()
ii) P(x) - P(x)

P(x) /( )

P(x) degP(x)

degP(x)=n P(x) n .

/ P(x) P()=0.
. P(x) x 2 2x 4 P(2)=0 2 / (x).
: /
.
(...)
vx + v-1x-1 + + 1x + 0 = 0, ( 0
0). 0 , 0.

o 0 ,
v + v-1-1 + + 1 + 0 = 0
0 = -v - v-1-1 - - 1
0 = (-v-1 - v-1-2 - - 1)
, 1, 2, , o -v-1 - v-1-2 - - 1 .
, 0.
...
1
x3 - 3x2 + x + 2 = 0.

1, 2 . Horner
P(x) = x3 - 3x2 + x + 2
:

P(1) = 1 0
1

-3

=1
1 (x)

-2

-1

-2

-1

1
P(-1) = -3 0

-3

= -1
-1 (x)

-1

-5

-4

-3

-3

P(2) = 0
=2
2 (x)

-2

-2

-1

-1

x - 2 (x).
P(x) = (x - 2)(x2 - x - 1)
(x - 2)(x2 - x - 1) = 0 2, 1 - 52 1 + 52.
2
x4 + 5x3 + 9x2 + 8x + 4 = 0.

4 : 1, 2, 4. ,
1, 2, 4 . -1, -2, -4.
, (-1) = 1 0, = -2 :
P(-2) = 0
1

=2

-2
P(x)

(x + 2)(x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 2) = 0
Q(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 2 = -2
Q(-2) = 0
=1
3
3
2
2
-2
Q(x)

x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 2 = (x + 2)(x2 + x + 1)
(x + 2)2(x2 + x + 1) = 0
-2.

) /
1
2
0 0 x 2 5x 0 .
3
5
) 0 /.
. / (x)= x3 + 2x2 - 9x - 18 (
0) 7
-7 -18.
) .
0, ' /.
0 /.
0 /. ? /
.
.x3-6x2-9x+54=0 2 54 2 /.
) / ( )
0.. / (x)=x3-x2+3/2x-7 2(P(2)=0)
2 -7.

f(x)=x2 1.