POPULATION EXERCISE

CORRECTION
Social Studies Term 1

Define population density. Population density is the relation between the number of inhabitants in a place and the size of area it occupies.
1.

2. Explain how we calculate population density. Population density is calculated by dividing the total number of inhabitants by the area of land occupied (in km2). The result is expressed in inhabitants/km2.

Population density =

Number of inhabitants Area of land (in km2)

3. Calculate the population density of the countries included in the chart below and say if it is high or low.

Country China Japan Luxemburg Mali Mongolia Norway

Population 1 323 592 000 127 704 000 492 000 13 443 000 3 041 000 4 661 000

Area (km2) 9 596 961 377 915 2 586 1 240 192 1 564 116 323 802

137.92 337.92 190.25 10.84 1.94 14.39

4. What does natural population change refer to?

Natural population change refers to increases and decreases in the population produced by biological factors (births and deaths).
5. Define birth rate. The birth rate is the number of people born over a year in a particular area. or The birth rate is the total number of births per 1000 of a population each year.

6. How do you calculate the birth rate? The birth rate (BR) is calculated by dividing the number of births in an area over one year by the total population and multiplying the result by one thousand. (Or the formula) 7. Compare the birth rate in less-developed countries and in developed countries. Less-developed countries have high birth rates because families need children to help with their economic activities. In other cases, high birth rates are a result of tradition (customs or beliefs transmitted from one generation to another). Developed countries have low birth rates. One of the reasons for this is the incorporation of women into employment outside the home.

8. Calculate the birth rate of these countries. [ (births : population) x 1000]

Country Argentina Niger France Inhabitants 40 301 927 135 031 164 63 713 976 Births 666 190 5 401 246 822 547

16.53 39.99 12.91

9. Define life expectancy. Life expectancy is the average number of years that a person can be expected to live according to statistics.

10. Define death rate. The death rate is the number of people who die over a year in a particular area. or The death rate is the total number of deaths per 1000 of a population each year. 11. How do you calculate the death rate? The death rate (DR) is calculated by dividing the number of deaths in an area over one year by the total population and multiplying the result by one thousand. (Or the formula)

12. How do you calculate the rate of natural increase. The rate natural increase (RNI) is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate and expressing the result as a percentage (%) Rate of natural increase = birth rate death rate 13. When is the natural increase positive? And when is it negative? If the number of births is greater than the number of deaths, natural increase is positive and the population rises. If the number of deaths is greater than the number of births, natural increase is negative and the population falls.

14. Calculate the rate of natural increase of each country in the chart below and say whether the natural increase is positive or negative. RNI = natality (BR) mortality (DR) Country Australia United Kingdom Honduras Lithuania Natality (%) 8.81 10.78 30.38 8.62 Mortality (%) 9.70 10.18 12.34 10.92

-0.89 negative 0.60 positive 18.04 positive -2.30 negative

15. Calculate the rate of natural increase for each country in the chart below.
First, we calculate the birth rate. [(births: population) x 1000] Then, we calculate the death rate. [(deaths : population) x 1000] Now we can calculate the RNI = BR - DR

Country Population Births Deaths Angola 16 566 000 662 000 213 000 BR = 39.96 DR= 12.86 RNI = 27.1 Australia 21 363 000 265 000 143 000 BR = 12.40 DR= 6.69 RNI = 5.71 Kenya 39 708 000 1 463 000 338 000 BR = 36.84 DR= 8.51 RNI = 28.33 Switzerland 7 604 000 73 000 65 000 BR = 9.60 DR= 8.54 RNI = 1.06

16. HOW CAN POPULATION MOVEMENT BE?

Population movement can be: regular: doesnt involve a change of job or place of residence. It can be: commuting or leisure. Migratory: involves a change of job or place of residence. It can be emigration or immigration.

17. WHAT KIND OF SPATIAL MOVEMENT (REGULAR OR MIGRATORY) DO THESE PEOPLE MAKE?

Laura lives in a village near Newcastle, the city she travels every day to work: regular /commuting. Esha has moved from Columbia to Spain to work in a factory: migratory / emigration David lived in London but spends his summer holidays in Brighton: regular / leisure.

Pablo lives in Paris but every summer he goes to Nice to work in a restaurant: migratory / emigration

18. DEFINE POPULATION PYRAMID

A population pyramid is a graph that shows the structure of the population according to age and sex in a particular area.

19. DRAW A POPULATION PYRAMID WITH THE

INFORMATION IN THE CHART

20. COMPARE THESE POPULATION PYRAMIDS:

In which country is the birth rate higher? How do you know? The birth rate is higher in the graph on the left since they both talk about the same country. The graph that corresponds to India in 2010 shows that the population is young; this is because the birth rate is high and the life expectancy is low. However, the graph that corresponds to India in 2050 shows that the population is adult; this is due to an average birth rate and an increase in life expectancy.

21. EXPLAIN HOW IS THE POPULATION STRUCTURE

OF THIS COUNTRY BY ANALYZING THIS POPULATION PYRAMID.

This population corresponds to a population that has a large proportion of young people and only a small proportion of elderly people. This is because the birth rate is high and life expectancy is low. This pyramid is common in underdeveloped countries.

22. ARE THE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? CORRECT THE FALSE SENTENCES.

Europe has over 2000 million inhabitants. False: over 735 million European population density is one of the highest in the world. True The rate of natural increase is very high in Europe. False: its low. The life expectancy of Europeans is more than 70. True Eastern Europe receives many immigrants from Western Europe. False: Western Europe receives from Easter Europe Spain has a population of over 46 million inhabitants. True Spain has a very high rate of natural increase. False: Its low. The population of Spain is ageing. True

23. LOOK AT THE INFORMATION IN THE CHART. ARE THESE COUNTRIES DEVELOPED OR LESS DEVELOPED?

Burundi is a less developed country since:

its birth rate is high, The elderly population rate is very low. Natural increase rate is high.

Denmark is a developed country since:

its birth rate is low. The elderly population rate is high. Natural increase rate is very low.

24. WHAT PROBLEMS DOES OVERPOPULATION CAUSE AND WHAT STEPS CAN WE TAKE TO OVERCOME THEM?
Overpopulation can lead to famine because there isnt enough food for everyone. Overpopulation can lead to people to emigrate.

Governments of overpopulated countries sometimes try to reduce the birth rate by allowing couples to have only one child or by promoting birth control.

25. ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE. CORRECT THE FALSE SENTENCES.
Developed countries have a very high birth rate. False: developed countries have a very low birth rate. The ageing population is one of the main problems in less-developed countries. False: overpopulation is one of the main problems in less-developed countries. The population in Spain has a large proportion of elderly people. True

26. CALCULATE THE POPULATION DENSITY OF THESE COUNTRIES.

Country France Egypt Extension 551 500 1 001 450 Inhabitants 63 713 926 80 335 036 Population density 115,53 80,22

Canada

9 093 507

31 281 092

3,44

27. DEFINE ECONOMICS

Economics is the study of how to use resources to meet peoples needs.

28. DO THE FOLLOWING WORDS REFER TO A PRODUCT OR A SERVICE?

Air transport: service A loaf of bread: a product A tin of tomatoes: a product Medical diagnosis: service Transport by bus: service A bicycle: a product

29. DO THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES REFER TO A FAMILY OR A COMPANY AS THE ECONOMIC AGENT?
The members of a share house: family It produces ecnomic goods: company It has employees and pays them a salary: company

30. CALCULATE THE BIRTH RATE, THE DEATH RATE AND THE RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE.

Birth rate = (48787 / 3704900 ) x 1000 = 13,16 Death rate = (32259 / 3704900 ) x 1000 = 8,70

NIR = 13,16 8,70 = 4,46 The natural increase rate is positive so the population rises.

31. READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER.

Schulsville is on an island of 5000 square kilometres off the coast of Jabooty. There are currently 250 000 inhabitants of the island. Last year, there were 12000 new children born and 10000 people were recorded as deceased. Calculate the population density:

inhabitants/ area = 250000/ 5000 = 50 inhabitants/km2

. CONTINUED

What are the birth rate and death rate:

Birth rate = (12000 / 250000) x 1000 = 48 Death rate = (10000 / 250000) x 1000 = 40

What is the natural increase rate? Is it positive or negative? Does the population rise or fall?

RNI = BR DR = 48 40 = 8 The natural increase rate is positive, so the population rises.