Exercise 01. Given Data: Location : Colombo,latitude (L)6.9 Find: I.

Annual variation of daylength

Solutions: Calculated declination angle using the equation = 23.45 x sin 360 Where n - is the days of the year.
(284+n) 365

Calculations for annual variation of daylength (plot) were done using an excel sheet.
12.6 12.4 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 7-Dec 26-Jan 17-Mar 6-May 25-Jun 14-Aug 3-Oct

Then day length is calculated using the equation = 215 = 215 cos 1 (tan() tan( ))

22-Nov

11-Jan

2-Mar

Day Length (hr)

Excel work sheet attached

Exercise 02. Given Data: Location : Colombo,latitude (L)6.9 Date : 15th of June Find: II. III. IV. Zenith angle (z) & Solar azimuth angles at 9.30hrs solar time Sunrise hour angle (s) and Solar azimuth angle (z) at sunrise Day length in hrs

Solutions: a. Hour angle at 9.30hrs Declination angle () = (12.00 9.5) (15) = 37.5 = 23.45 x sin 360
(284+166) 365 (284+n) 365

Numbers of day to 15th of june = 166 Therefore = 23.45 x sin 360

Zenith angle can be calculated using the equation cos( ) = cos . cos . cos + sin sin = cos 1(0.77) = 39.57 Altitude angle = 90 = 90 39.57 = 50.43 cos( ) = 0.77

= 23.31

cos( ) = cos(23.31) cos(37.5) cos(6.9) + sin(23.31) sin(6.9)

Solar azimuth angle sin =

= sin1 (0.88) = 61.36

cos sin cos(23.31) sin(37.5) = = 0.88 cos cos 50.43

b. At sunrise cos = (tan tan ) Therefore hour angle Solar azimuth angle at sunrise sin =

= cos1(tan(6.9) tan(23.31)) = 93

c. Day length = 215 = 215 93=12.4 hrs

= sin1 (0.91) = 66.5

cos sin cos(23.31) sin(87.01) = = 0.91 cos cos 0