Microtubules Function o Mitotoic spindle

o Raiway for interphase cell o Cell shape o Axon transport o Cilia and flagella (Intracellular transport) Structure o 13+ protofilaments o Tublin dimers alpha and beta o GTPase o Hollow o MAP motor Dyenin negative end (move toward cell body) more stable, slower polymerization GOGLI concentrated in central wall where dyneins are present Kinesin- positive end (move away from cell body)- more dynamic, faster polymerization o MAP non-motor protein Organize MT Stabilize MT Regulate MT dynamics o Centrosome Nucleation Gamma tubulin Polymerization Uses energy Microtubules in cell division o Separate chromosome o Put together cytoplasm o REQUIRES: motor protein and MT dynamics Microtubules in cilia and sperm o Movement o Requires: Basal Body (MOC) o Dynein drives axon movement

Microfilaments
Fuction: o Concentrated in cell cortex o Cleavage furrow o Cell motility o Short-range o Contracts Structure o Non-hollow o Actin o ATPase o Substrate for Myosin Myosin + end o DO NOT HAVE organizing centers Nucleation anywhere Arp2/3 Branched filament Formins and Spire Bundle linear filament o Stress fibers: Myosin Actinin Formins o Associated protein F-actin Microfilaments in Cytokinesis: F-actin and myosin II Microfilaments in microvilli- actin based epithelial projections Microfilament physical link between Cytoskeleton and Cell attachment to ECM Microfilament in Red blood cells o Ankyrin anchor the spectrum under the membrane o Web from actin o F-actin serves as scaffold for spectrin web

Intermediate Filament
o Function: Space filling elements Tensile strength/Mechanical strength of tissue/cells Tissue structure o Structure: NON-polarized NON-dynamic Associated with sites of cell to cell communication o Desmosomes= macular adherens Cells to substrate attachments o Hemidesmosomes

Diseases
Microtubule Disease: o Immotile cilia syndrome o Cancer Microfilament Disease: o Shigella flexneri infection o Listeria monocytogenes infection Intermediate Filament Disease: o Progeria: fast aging Mutation in lamina protein o Epidermolysis- blistering Mutation in keratin