1 ?

2 ?

Long bone ().

Short bone .

Flat bones ().

Short bone ().

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

Osteoblasts

Periost

4 ?

Periost

Collagen

Cartilage

Epiphysis

5 () ?

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

Osteoblasts

Epiphysis

6 ?

? 7
Periost

Compact bone

Diaphysis

Epiphysial Plate

?) ( 8
Periost - Compact bone - Medulla - Spongy bone

Spongy bone Periost - Diaphisis - Epiphysis

Periost - Compact bone - Spongy bone - Medulla

Epiphysial Plate - Diaphysis - Epipysis - Periost

? 9
Diaphysis - Epiphysis - Epiphysial Plate

Epiphysis - Diaphysis - Epiphysial Plate

Diaphysis - Epiphysis - Periost

Joint - Diaphysis - Epiphysis

? 11
. Fibrous Joint

. Cartilagenous Joint

. Articular Cartilage Synovial Joint

.) ( Fibrous Joint

? 11
Elastin

Synovial Fluid

Cartilagenous Fluid

? Ligaments 12
.

13 ?

()

14 ? Callus

15 ?

16 ?

17 Mandible :

Temporal Bone

Parietal Bone

Mastoid Process

Coronal Suture

18 ?

Frontal Sinus

Sphenoidal Sinus

Ethmoidal sinus

Maxillary Sinus

 19 ? Cranium

Coronal Suture .

. Sagittal Suture

.Lambdoid Suture

Mastoid Process .

21 ?

Mandible

Zygomatic Bone

Sphenoid Bone

Ethmoid Bones

21 ?

Frontal Bone

Vomer

Maxillary Bone

Ethmoid Bone

22 ? Kyphosis

23 ?

5 .

21 .

7 .

4 .

24 ?

Vertebral Arch

Vertebral Foramen

Vertebral Body

Superior Articular Process Inferior Articular Process

25 ?

Atlas

Axis

Dens

Occipital Vertebra

26 ?

27 " :

C6

C7

C1

C2

28 :

Fibrous Joint

Cartilagenous Joint

Synovial Joint

29 ? Anulus Fibrosus

-.

. Intervertebral Foramen

31 ? Intervertebral Foramen

31 ?

Sternum

Manubrium

Body

Xyphoid

32 ? Sternal Angle

33 ?

Costal Cartilage .

34 Sternum Scapula:

Suprasternal Notch

Clavicle

Acromion Process

Coracoid process

35 ? Spine Of Scapula -

Glenoid Fossa

Acromion Process

Superior Angle of Scapula

Coracoid process

36 ? Inferior Angle Of Scapula

C7

T3

T7

T10

37 ?

Humerous

Radius

Epicondyle

Deltoid

: Head of Humerous 38
Greater Tubercle

Lesser Tubercle

Lateral Epicondyle

Lateral Styloid Process

: Humerous 39
Capitulum

Trochlea

Medial Epicondyle

Radial Tuberosiry

? 41
Lateral Styloid Process

Coronoid Process

Olecranon Process

Medial Styloid Process

? Radius 41
Supination

Pronation

Abduction

? 42
5

22

: Pisiform 43
Lunate

Triquetral

Scaphoid

Trapezoid

44 ?

Metacarpal Bones

Metatarsal Bones

Phalanges

Carpal Bones

45 ?

Ischium

Symphysis Pubis

Iliac Crest

Hip Joint

46 ? Acetabulum

Ilium

Ischium

Pubis

Sacrum

47 ?

. Iliac Crest

Ischium . Ischial Crest

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine .

Obturator Foramen .

48 ?

Humerous

Tibia

Femor

Vertebra

49 :

Greater Trochanter

Lesser Trochanter

Medial Condyle

Linea Aspera

 51 ?

Medial Condyle

Lateral Condyle

Tibial Tuberosity

Fibula

51 ?

Lateral Condyle

Lateral Styloid Process

Lateral Malleolus

Talus

52 ?

Medial Collateral Ligament

Lateral Collateral Ligament

Lateral Malleolus Ligament

Cruciate Ligament

53 ?

21

16

54 :

Talus

Cuboid

Calcaneus

Navicular

55 ?

Calcaneus- Metatarsal-.

Metatarsal- -Metatarsal.

Calcaneus- Metatarsal-.

Plantar Fascia .

 :

1

( )Skeleton : -
. - ,
- , .
. : "
.
( , ) .
. ( - )
.
.
:
*
* , ,
*
*
*
*
*
* ,
455
" " .

Long bone ().

Short bone .

Flat bones ().

Short bone ().

,
.
, .
. .
( )
.

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

Osteoblasts

Periost

Osteocytes .

.
. , .

. ,
. -
.

Periost

Collagen

Cartilage

Epiphysis

- .
- .

.

() ?

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts

Osteoblasts

Epiphysis

. -
.Osteoclasts
, .
.Osteoblasts
- . , ,
, .
, .
. ( ,
) - - .

( ).
- .
, ,.
.
.
.
D .
,
.

Periost

Compact bone

Diaphysis

Epiphysial Plate

.Periost :
= Peri ( ) = Ost . .
.
.

. , .

( )?

Periost - Compact bone - Medulla - Spongy bone

Spongy bone Periost - Diaphisis - Epiphysis

Periost - Compact bone - Spongy bone - Medulla

Epiphysial Plate - Diaphysis - Epipysis - Periost

- ,
.Compact bone Spongy Bone
.
() .
.

Diaphysis - Epiphysis - Epiphysial Plate

Epiphysis - Diaphysis - Epiphysial Plate

Diaphysis - Epiphysis - Periost

Joint - Diaphysis - Epiphysis

Epiphysis .Diaphysis -
Epiphysis Diaphisis -
.Epiphysial Plate .
.
, ,
.
.

11 ?

Fibrous Joint .

Cartilagenous Joint .

Synovial Joint . Articular Cartilage

Fibrous Joint ( ).

( )Joint .
:
- Fibrous Joint . ,
.
- Cartilagenous Joint . ,
.
- ((.Cartilage
.
- Synovial Joint . ,
.
( Articular Cartilage Articular ) .
.

11 ?

Elastin

Synovial Fluid

Cartilagenous Fluid

 Synovial Fluid
. - Synovial Membrane
. .
cartilage . " " ( Cartilagenous Fluid
) .

12 ? Ligaments

( )Ligaments ,
.
.
.
.
, .

( = ) .
, = =( dislocation ).
: .
-.

13 ?

()

.
.
.
.
: , ( ) , .
: , , , .
: : , C.T.

14 ? Callus

:
. 05
. Callus
, , .
2-01
.
, .

15 ?

.
, .
,
.
.
, (
) .

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,
.
.
.
(
)

.
:
.
.
?
.

 17 Mandible :

Temporal Bone

Parietal Bone

Mastoid Process

Coronal Suture

.
- Mandible .
.Temporal Bone -

18 ?

Frontal Sinus

Sphenoidal Sinus

Ethmoidal sinus

Maxillary Sinus

.
.
.Frontal Sinuses
( 6) . ,
.Maxillary Sinus Sphenoidal
Sinus
, .
Ethmoidal
.sinus Ethmoid Bones
.

19 ? Cranium

Coronal Suture .

. Sagittal Suture

.Lambdoid Suture

Mastoid Process .

Frontal Bone ,
- Parietal Bones .
.Sagittal Suture -
Frontal Bone Coronal Suture Parietal -
Bones .Lambdoid Suture

 - Occipital Bone
.Foramen Magnum
- Temporal Bones ,
.
, .Mastoid Process
: ?
= (.) Front
- Tempo . .
.

21 ?

Mandible

Zygomatic Bone

Sphenoid Bone

Ethmoid Bones

Mandible . . Maxilla
. Zygomatic Bone
( )

.Zygomatic Arch -
Sphenoid Bone ,
, .
- Sphenoidal Sinus. Ethmoid Bones
.
.Ethmoidal sinus

21 ?

Frontal Bone

Vomer

Maxillary Bone

Ethmoid Bone

Vomer .
. Nasal Bones
- Orbit . Frontal :
Bone Zygomatic Bone, Maxillary Bone,
Ethmoid Bone , Sphenoid Bone-
.

22 ? Kyphosis

(
) .
.Kyphosis
.
Lordosis. Lordosis 2-1 .
.Scoliosis
.
: ?
- .
-
.
- S .

23 ?

5 .

21 .

7 .

4 .

6 ( Cervical = )cervix ,C7 - C1

01 ( Thoracic = ( .) thorax . T12 -T1
4 Lumbar .L5 - L1 Sacrum
4 - . Coccyx
3 - .

24 ?

Vertebral Arch

Vertebral Foramen

Vertebral Body

Superior Articular Process Inferior Articular Process

Body
.Arch .Vertebral Foramen
. . )Spine (Spinous Process -
.Transverse Process
Superior Articular Process
.Inferior Articular Process
.

 25 ?

Atlas

Axis

Dens

Occipital Vertebra

( Atlas
) . .
=( Axis) ,
=( Dens) . Axis-
.

26 ?

, Vertebral -
,Foramen .
Spine- .
.Spine
.

27 " :

C6

C7

C1

C2

Spine
. -
.C7 C6 T1 .
Transverse Process - -
.

28 :

Fibrous Joint

Cartilagenous Joint

Synovial Joint

.
, .
.Intervertebral Disc - Cartilagenous
( ) .
.Synovial
, . Superior Articular -
( Process ) Inferior Articular -
( Process ) .

29 ? Anulus Fibrosus

-.

. Intervertebral Foramen

Anulus Fibrosus
.Nucleus Pulposus .
.
, .

31 ? Intervertebral Foramen

, ,
.Intervertebral Foramen
.
- .
. ,
.Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
( ) spines . Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
( ) Spines
() . Ligamentum Flavum , Spines
, . Supraspinous Ligament
.
".
.

 31 ?

Sternum

Manubrium

Body

Xyphoid

( )Thoracic Cage , Sternum

, ,
. : =( manubrium) ,
. xyphoid

32 ? Sternal Angle

Manubrium - Body
.Sternal Angle .

33 ?

Costal Cartilage .

. (
) .
.Costal Cartilage
.
. Costal Margin
.
00 01 - Floating
.Ribs .

34 Sternum Scapula:

Suprasternal Notch

Clavicle

Acromion Process

Coracoid process

, Clavicle
. , ,
Suprasternal Notch .

35 ? Spine Of Scapula -

Glenoid Fossa

Acromion Process

Superior Angle of Scapula

Coracoid process

Glenoid Fossa
.
( )Superior Angle of Scapula
.
. Spine Of Scapula
.
.Acromion Process
Coracoid
.process

36 ? Inferior Angle Of Scapula

C7

T3

T7

T10

( )Inferior Angle Of Scapula

.T7

37 ?

Humerous

Radius

Epicondyle

Deltoid

.Humerous . Radius
, , Deltoid Tuberosity
. Deltoid-

38 Head of Humerous:

Greater Tubercle

Lesser Tubercle

Lateral Epicondyle

Lateral Styloid Process

Humerous .Head
: Greater Tubercle -
, , Lesser Tubercle-
. .
: Medial Epicondyle - Lateral -
Epicondyle .
.

39 Humerous:

Capitulum

Trochlea

Medial Epicondyle

Radial Tuberosiry

: Capitulum - ( Radius-
= ) capitus ( Trochlea - ) .Ulna -
Radial Tuberosiry
.

41 ?

Lateral Styloid Process

Coronoid Process

Olecranon Process

Medial Styloid Process

. Lateral Styloid Process

Ulna

 .Radius Ulna .
Ulna- Coronoid Process
. Olecranon Process
. - .
Medial Styloid Process .

41 ? Radius

Supination

Pronation

Abduction

Radius- - Supination
( = soup , ) - Pronation
. , Radius -
. Ulna -

42 ?

22

7 .Carpal Bones Short

Bones Radius -
.

43 Pisiform:

Lunate

Triquetral

Scaphoid

Trapezoid

( Pisiform - )
.
. Triquetral . Hamate
( Scaphoid = , ) ,
: ( Trapezoid ) .Trapzium Pisiform , Scaphoid
( Wrist ) ( Lunate ).
Hamate Trapezoid ( Capitate).

 : :
( :) Wrist
( Pisiform ) .Triquetral ( Lunate )
( Scaphoid ) .
( ) , Hamate Capitate
Trapezoid Trapzium . Scaphoid
.

44 ?

Metacarpal Bones

Metatarsal Bones

Phalanges

Carpal Bones

, , ,Metacarpal Bones
. Metatarsal Bones
. .Phalanges
Phalanges : Proximal Phalange Middle
,Phalange .Distal Phalange - .Phalanges
. Interphalangeal Joint
Distal Interphalangeal Joint DIP
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint . PIP
Metacarpophalangeal
Joint . MCP

45 ?

Ischium

Symphysis Pubis

Iliac Crest

Hip Joint

Pelvis . : Sacrum
() ( Hip Bones ) (
) : , . Sacrum
Hip , .Fibrous

Cartilogenous" .Symphysis Pubis ,
, .
, Hip - : Ilium -
, Pubic- Ischium-
.

46 ? Acetabulum

Ilium

Ischium

Pubis

Sacrum

( Acetabulum = ) .
.Hip Joint .

47 ?

. Iliac Crest

Ischium . Ischial Crest

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine .

Obturator Foramen .

Iliac - .Iliac Crest

.
.Anterior Superior Iliac Spine Pubis
.Pubic Crest Ischium
.Ischial Tuberosity
. ()
.Obturator Foramen .
.

48 ?

Humerous

Tibia

Femor

Vertebra

Femor .
, " .
-
.
Head .
Femor -
.Acetabulum - ( Ball and
.)Socket Joint

49 :

Greater Trochanter

Lesser Trochanter

Medial Condyle

Linea Aspera

. Greater Trochanter
Lesser Trochanter .
.
( ) .
,
.
. (
).
, .Linea Aspera
. :
Medial Condyle Lateral
Condyle (
) . .

.Patella

51 ?

Medial Condyle

Lateral Condyle

Tibial Tuberosity

Fibula

Tibia ,
Talus- . .
Medial Condyle ( Lateral Condyle
) . .Meniscus
.
,Tibial Tuberosity
( ) .
.
.Medial Malleolus

51 ?

Lateral Condyle

Lateral Styloid Process

Lateral Malleolus

Talus

.Fibula ,Head

 ( Tibia - !).
.
( Lateral Malleolus ) .
Tibia-. Talus-
. Lateral
Styloid Process .

52 ?

Medial Collateral Ligament

Lateral Collateral Ligament

Lateral Malleolus Ligament

Cruciate Ligament

.
. Medial Collateral LigamentLateral -
.Collateral Ligament .
. Cruciate Ligaments
Tibia Femor 075 -
.
.

53 ?

21

16

. .
( ) Phalanges ( 03
- ) . 15.

54 :

Talus

Cuboid

Calcaneus

Navicular

Talus Tibia -Fibula -

. Ankle Joint

 .
Calcaneus Tuberosity
Calcaneal .
( .) Calcaneal Tendon ( ,Navicular)
(,Cuboid) .Cuneiform
.Metatarsal Bones Phalanges
.
:
. Calcaneus :
Talus .
(
) .
. Medial Cuneiform , Intermediate
Cuneiform . Lateral Cuneiform
.
. Phalanges

55 ?

Calcaneus- Metatarsal-.

Metatarsal- -Metatarsal.

Calcaneus- Metatarsal-.

Plantar Fascia .

(
) . , :

.
. :
- 0 .Calcaneus -
- 1 Metatarsal -.
- 2 Metatarsal -.
0 1 - 0 2 -
. 1 2 -
.
. :
Plantar Fascia
.