Poc1on-na-ony

onnuc
20l4
Cepun Co+ouune.t
A.. Knpnon
KAK HFAb3R CTPOHTb,
nan KAK BM6PATb 6PHlAAY
H CTPOHTFAbHMF MATFPHAAM
AAR CTPOHTFAbCTBA
HHAHBHAYAAbHOlO AOMA
Hpaxvnuccxnc coacvm
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
! Knncn A.., 20l3
! OOO cnnvc: oqomAcnnc, 20l3
K 693
HHK 38.6
KTK 5000
K43
VK 693
ISEN 9?8-5-222-2204l-2 BBK 38.6
Knpnon A..
K43 Kav ncAras c1on1r, nAn Kav nwa1r nrapy n
c1on1cArnwc ma1cnaAw pAs c1on1cArc1na nnpnnn-
pyaArnoro poma : nav1nnccvnc conc1w , A. . Kn-
ncn. - Poc1on n, : cnnvc, 20l4. - 205 c. : nA. - (Ca-
moynn1cAr).
ISEN 9?8-5-222-2204l-2
Mcn1a o coc1ncnnom xnArc pAs mnornx n nac1osmcc nc-
ms c1anonn1cs caArnoc1rm, 1av vav vynn1r nopxopsmn pom
yxc nc noAcma, no ypymnc nAapcArw ncc namc ncpno-
nn1am1 nnpnnnpyaArnoc c1on1cArc1no. Hn c1om maAo v1o
ncpc1anAsc1 ccc, c vavnm o+cmom ao1 nnpc1cs c1oAv-
ny1rcs. Knnra pac1 o1nc1w na oArmnnc1no nonocon, nn1c-
ccymmnx nAapcAra acmcArnoro ynac1va nccp nanaAom c1o-
n1cArc1na cnocro poma, a nmcnno vav nc napcAa1r omnov
nn cro ocymcc1nAcnnn.
E vnnrc nnnops1cs cncpcnns, oanavomnnmncr c vo1ow-
mn nnpnnnpyaArnw aac1omnv cmoxc1 noc1on1r pom co-
c1ncnnwmn cnAamn Ano nnnAcnr nopspnnva n ocymcc1nn1r
an1ocvn napao. Knnra nc pac1 ro1onwx ccn1on, no nn-
nopn1 cannn1cArnwc pannwc n nac1annac1 nn1a1cAs na npym-
nnnw anaAna cvAamnwx ocmann.
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
E vaxpom ncAoncvc cvw1a mypas
cnAa c1on1cAs, n nyxno c pa1r noAm
aann1rcs n acncc1n.
M. Ioptuuu
acacnnc
anno mcn1ac1c noc1on1r cno pom, n1ow on wA
napcxnwm, vacnnwm, yponwm, 1cnAwm, poc1ynnwm nam
no ccpc1nam n ncoxopnmoro vancc1na na ncva? 01a vnnra
nomoxc1 nannArno ocnn1r cnon cnAw n nons1r, n1o n
pomc no cnAam cpcAa1r camomy, a n1o - noynn1r cncn-
aAnc1am. Honn1an c1y vnnry, nw cmoxc1c c1a1r noa-
om na c1on1cArc1nc coc1ncnnoro poma: ynccnno o-
ma1rcs co c1on1cArnwmn nrapamn n ramo1no von1-
oAnona1r xop c1on1cArnwx ao1. Ew naynn1ccr:
nannArno oncn1nona1rcs na omnnom wnvc
c1oma1cnaAon n naxopn1r 1c, vo1owc ovaxy1cs
nanAynmnmn pAs namcro poma;
nnpc1r naxnwc momcn1w ocnonnwx c1anon c1on1cAr-
c1na n cAcpn1r aa vancc1nom nx ncnoAncnns.
Ha c1annax nac1osmcro napanns ypymn aac1o-
mnv napc1 ncm ncoxopnmym pAs ccs nnqomanm n
cmoxc1 ca 1ypa, a rAannoc - ca ccrcanwx omnov
nonAo1n1r n xnanr cnom mcn1y - noc1on1r coc1ncn-
nw pom.
Ew xo1n1c nsmo ccnac yana1r, noncmy c1o nc ypa-
c1cs oArmnnc1ny Ampc? Honcmy onn ropamn Anmr no-
poAxam1 mcn1a1r nAn xc c roAono yxops1 n vcpn1w,
nn c1om xaAyscr na nnavoc vancc1no c1on1cArc1na n
oArmoc voAnncc1no nccpcAov? Honcmy onn no1om no-
poAxam1 nccnAannna1r aa o1onAcnnc n ocAyxnnannc
poma? Torpa nn1a1c vnnry n pcAa1c nyxnwc nwnopw.
A n1ow y nac nc coapanaAocr nAAman nacnc1 nono-
con, noc1anAcnnwx n panno vnnrc, nnncpcm xnnwc nn-
mcw, o1axammnc 1avnc xnancnnwc cn1yann.
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
4 Kuk no\tsn cfponft
MoAopas ccmrs aaxo1cAa noc1on1r ncoArmo pomnv
na aaroopnom ynac1vc, nnmcno ?? m, c opno cnaAr-
no vomna1o na mancapc. Eopc w aapana noc1as, na
opnn - mavcnmym na noA1oa ropa.
HnnAcvaAncr c1on1cArnwc nrapw. Ba ncc ncms
cmcnnAocr nx nccvoArvo. E n1orc... ncca 3 ropa pcAo
1oArvo nopomAo v nny1cnnc o1pcAvc. HnmAocr aa-
nono nccpcAa1r y1cnAcnnc noAon, vwmn, ncnr n anc,
noc1ann1r ponoAnn1cArnw vamnn, aamcnn1r oAc n
nacocnym c1annm. Vxc nc rononm no mnoxcc1no o-
Acc mcAvnx ncpoc1a1von n ymcpmnx nc n pcAo ma1c-
naAon.
A nnnnna wAa Anmr n nccvoArvnx nnnnnnaAr-
nwx omnvax n nopxopc v c1on1cArc1ny n cro orann-
aann.
Camoc nn1cccnoc, n1o, nops no c1omy vyry, no-
1a1nn n pna aaa oArmc pcncxnwx ccpc1n na c1on-
1cArc1no, a no1om na nccpcAvy, xoascna nnmAn v nw-
nopy, n1o yx Aynmc camnm nc cncma, no vancc1ncnno
nwnoAns1r ncc ncrsanwc n nc1sxcAwc ao1w. a n pAs
1avoro ncoArmoro c1ocnns c1o nc cAoxno.
]peou npu+ep. Ccmrs noc1amc. BAnxc v ncncnn na
vna1nw cavo no1snyAo v nnopc. HcpoAro pymas,
n1ow nc o1vAapwna1r na no1om, nasAn vcpn1 na no-
c1ovy ncoArmoro poma na vAccnoro yca 69 m c man-
capo.
C1on1cArno qnmo pom ncacn1onaAcs vav anm-
nn, nop vAmn, nccro aa l mnAAnon yAc. Opnavo
mcxpy ncnamn y1cnAn1cAr nc noAoxcn - aavaannva
ycpnAn, n1o on nc nyxcn, 1av vav vAccnw noqnAno-
nannw yc oncnr nAo1no nnAcrac1 pyr v pyry. Ha
mancapc noAoxcn y1cnAn1cAr 1oAmnno nccro l0 cm,
nnncm aa ponoAnn1cArnwc pcnrrn aavaannva - noconc-
1onaAn camn aonnc, no1omy n1o no nocv1y ncpycmo1-
cno wAo 5 cm.
c1o ymAo 1oArvo na 1o, n1ow noc1ann1r pom na
qynpamcn1 n novacn1r cro cnayxn. Ho1ancno wAo
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
5
oArmc mnAAnona yAc, n1o yxc nccnaAnAo aa aanAa-
nnonannw mpxc1.
Bpccr ponymcno mcnrmc omnov, ncm n ncnom cAy-
nac, no 1oArvo no1omy, n1o wAo mcnrmc cpcAano.
A n1o nnccpn? onoAnn1cArnoc y1cnAcnnc c1cn, nc-
cpcAva y1cnAcnns na mancapc, nccpcAva ovon c ca-
mwx pcmcnwx na nomaArnwc, yc1anonva cnc1cmw o1o-
nAcnns, nopocnaxcnns, ccn1nv, o1moc1va n y1cnAcnnc
ovoAs. H c1o ncc 1snyAo cmc non1n na mnAAnon. H 1o
ccAn ncc c1o ypac1cs cpcAa1r ca vn1nnnwx omnov.
A moxc1 w1r, coaamcnn cnAw co cnonmn noamox-
noc1smn, xoascna nnpy1 v nwnopy, n1o mcn1y o xnann
na nnopc nnpc1cs nnonr o1Aoxn1r n nova orannnn1r-
cs Anmr Ac1nnmn nacapamn n nwnAannnanncm nas1oro
vcpn1a.
Tpenuu npu+ep. MoAopas ccmrs c ccnvom 5 Ac1
(myx - nnpnnnpyaArnw ncpnnnnma1cAr, xcna nc-
mcnno nc ao1ac1) cmnAn noc1on1r pom pAs noc1osn-
noro noxnnanns nAomaprm 80-l00 m
2
. HananaArno no
cmc1c nAannonaAcs mpxc1 ncmnornm oAcc pnyx mnA-
Anonon yAc po n+capa, c ncoArmnm aanacom.
Eopc w caArnas n nnoAnc poc1nxnmas nqa.
Ho no qav1y ovaaaAocr, n1o v vony ccaona yxc no1a-
ncno oAcc l,3 mnAAnona yAc, a ro1ona 1oArvo vo-
ova poma c y1cnAcnno vwmc, ovnamn, ncnonw-
mn noAamn.
Enccpn - mon1ax nccx nnxcncnwx vommynnvan,
y1cnAcnnc ovoAs, o1moc1va, nnc1onas o1pcAva n 1. n.,
n1o cmc no1cyc1 oAcc noAonnnw no1ancnnwx ccpc1n.
Ecc ncms y xoasnna ypymcro poma yxopn1 na aaa-
a1wnannc pcncr, n ypcAs1r nnnmannc c1ovc, anaAnan-
ona1r n rpc-1o paxc nnnva1r n pc1aAn noc1o ncvorpa.
HnncAn 1oArvo nccvoArvo nnmcon c omnvamn
c1on1cArc1na, a nx co1nn n 1wcsnn. K coxaAcnnm, w-
nov c1on1cArnwx ycAyr n yoncnr camnx aavaannvon
c1on1cArc1na n Poccnn nova cmc n pnvom coc1osnnn.
Hoc1omy n ncnamac1cs oArmnnc1no c1ocv n nry n
notonno
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
6 Kuk no\tsn cfponft
yAc1vy: nonoy yrapa1r, vavo pom n aa cvoArvo 1w
noc1onmr.
Tav n ncm xc nnnnna, n1o concmac1cs 1av mnoro
omnov?
Hc1, pcAo nc n o1cy1c1nnn nnqomann o c1on1cAr-
c1nc. H paxc nc n nnavo nopro1onvc c1on1cAc.
H nc n o1cy1c1nnn mo1nnann nAn pcncr - mnornc
ros1 xcAanncm noc1on1r cno pom n paxc nmcm1 onc-
pcAcnnwc ccpc1na pAs c1oro!
Ho comom 0ene npuuuuo oueou0uon omcqmcmoue
npocmoto u nounmuoto pquooo0cmoo no cmpoumeno-
cmoq 0omo.
AcoAm1nomy oArmnnc1ny Ampc nnxopn1cs camo-
c1os1cArno nac1yna1r na opnn 1c xc raAn, no vo1owm
po nnx 1onno 1av xc noxopnAn co1nn n paxc 1wcsnn nx
ncpmcc1ncnnnvon.
H nnxopn1cs 1av xc 1a1n1r cnoc coc1ncnnoc nc-
ms n ncnw na nannannc mnmcv, nccxnna1r, nc cna1r
nonamn n nccnAannna1r co1nn 1wcsn yAc aa nccq-
qcv1nnnwc cmcnns n ncnanAcnnc cpcAannwx omnov.
A n ncvo1owx cAynasx - ncnw1wna1r noAnoc aao-
naonannc o1 noc1ocnnoro poma.
Koncnno, ccnac nmcc1cs mnoxcc1no nnqomann -
vnnr n c1a1c n xynaAax, n vo1owx nopono accva-
awnac1cs, vavnc cc1r nnpw y1cnAn1cAc nAn novw1ns
vonAn, vav aamccn1r c1on, vav nannArno noAoxn1r
nAn1vy nAn Aamnna1. Ec1cnaAn?
E nopono nnqomann nc1 pcqnn1a, naooo1, cc
paxc cAnmvom mnoro. Ho ona nc pac1 o1nc1on na camwc
rAannwc nonocw:
- Ha ncro c1on1r pom, n1ow on Aynmc nccro nopxo-
pnA nmcnno pAs nac?
- Kav nannArno cro cnocv1nona1r, n1ow noAy-
na1r yponoArc1nnc o1 noxnnanns n ncm?
- Kav na 30-40% n oAcc cnnan1r acxopw na cro
c1on1cArc1no ca no1cn vancc1na?
- Kav nwna1r c1on1cArnwc ma1cnaAw, nc nop-
panascr na cvAamnwc yAonvn?
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
7
- Kav nannArno nwa1r c1on1cArnym orannaa-
nm nAn nrapy?
- Kav cma1r cmc co1nn nonocon, noc1osnno noa-
nnvammnx nn c1on1cArc1nc poma?
Hons1no, n1o ca o1nc1on na c1n nonocw cccmwc-
Acnno ronon1r o vancc1ncnnom cayAr1a1c. Hmcnno no-
c1omy oArmnnc1no Ampc nc poc1nram1 1oro cayAr1a-
1a, vo1ooro onn xo1cAn w poc1nnr. H 1cm oAcc nc aa
1c pcnrrn, aa vo1owc xo1cAn w.
A 1cncr ncpc1anr1c... vav xoomo wAo w na1n
1avo ny1cnopn1cAr, vo1ow w:
nopcvaaaA o1nc1w na 1c rAannwc nonocw, na vo1o-
wx n c1on1cs pom, n ncpyncpnA w aaancc, n1o
nyxno aaancc ncpycmo1c1r, n1ow nacxa1r nc-
onanpannwx acxopon n ncvon;
noppcxnnaA nac na no1sxcnnn ncc namc c1o-
vn, accvaawnas n novaawnas na vonvc1nom nnmc-
c na nav1nvn, n1o n vav nyxno pcAa1r, nopono,
no maram, c o+scncnnsmn;
novaaaA, vav cccnr namn ncnw n pcnrrn, pcAscr
ncaamc1nwmn ccvc1amn n xn1oc1smn n yvaawnas
na mcc1a c nwcovnm ncvom, rpc ncAnva ncos1noc1r
omnov n qnnanconwx no1cr;
nomor nam noAynn1r nmcnno 1o1 cayAr1a1, o vo1o-
om nw mcn1aAn. H nc nonac1r n nncAo aaonaonan-
mnxcs xoascn, concmnnmnx nn c1on1cArc1nc or-
omnoc voAnncc1no omnov.
Ipc xc nas1r 1avoro nomomnnva c va1o mamy1a
n ooanancnnwmn na nc aannAvamn n yvaaa1cAsmn?
O1nc1w na ncc nccnncAcnnoc nwmc nonocw nw cmoxc1c
na1n n c1o vnnrc.
notonno
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
l\unu l
KAK HOCTPOHTb
KAHFCTBFHHMH AOM
Haynnn co nccx c1oon nnmcw noc1ovn nnpnnn-
pyaArnwx pomon, cncnaAnc1amn wA aaao1an ncc-
ncnr ocnonnwx vn1cncn, ncoxopnmwx nn cooyxc-
nnn vancc1ncnnoro poma. CorAacno y1ncxpcnnm anaAn-
1nvon, noc1annas cxcma noancpcnns nac1nwx pomon
poAxna nvAmna1r n ccs cAcpymmnc c1anw vancc1ncnno-
ro noncpcnns ao1: rcoAorns ynac1va nop aac1ovy,
coapannc nocv1a, nnmcncnnc vancc1ncnnwx ma1cna-
Aon n vnaAnqnnonannwx c1on1cAc, aapcc1nonannwx
na namcm aaroopnom ynac1vc.
Fooaornx ynacxua. axc ccAn nw xcAac1c mavcnmaAr-
no mnnnmnanona1r aa1a1w nn noancpcnnn poma, nc c1on1
cvonomn1r nmcnno na rcoAornnccvom nccAcponannn ynac1-
va. 01o1 c1an nn nopro1onn1cArnwx ao1ax snAsc1cs
oncnr naxnwm. Ecpr ccAn cro nonrnonona1r, 1o c1o
moxc1 nwana1r n ypymcm oncnr ncxcAa1cArnwc ccrca-
nwc noAcmw. Kav ypc1 onpno, ccAn n opnn ncvac-
nw momcn1 ncc namn nAoxcnnwc pcnrrn ocny1cs ncc-
vocom c1cn nAn nonaAnnmnmcs nop acmAm qynpamcn1om.
Hoc1omy ncoxopnmo caay xc nAoxn1rcs n noncpc-
nnc rcoAornnccvoro nccAcponanns, no aa1o no1om c ync-
cnnoc1rm nnc1yna1r v noc1ovc, anas, n1o pom noa-
nopn1cs nc na oAo1nc1o nonnc nAn nccnannvc. PcayAr-
1a1w nccAcponann novaxy1, vavo qynpamcn1 nam
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
9 l\unu l. Kuk nocfponft kuuocfnonntn to
ncoxopnmo nnmcnn1r nop ypymym nccymym vonc1-
yvnm namcro aaroopnoro poma.
Hpooux poma. H1ow no1om nc aanna1r roAony mwc-
Arm o ncoxopnmoc1n yvcnAcnns apanns, cAcpyc1 nana-
naArno nopoa1r vancc1ncnnw nocv1 ypymcro poma.
Ha pannw momcn1 nac1nw aac1omnv oAapac1 pny-
ms noamoxnoc1smn no noAyncnnm vancc1ncnno nocv1-
no povymcn1ann. Hcnas - c1o nnoc1cnnc yxc ro-
1onoro nocv1a. E1oas noamoxnoc1r - c1o nopvAmnn1r
axn1cv1ynoc mo pAs aaao1vn nocv1a no nnpn-
nnpyaArnomy aavaay.
Kav novaawnac1 nav1nva, nnoc1cnnc yxc ro1o-
noro nocv1a ovaawnac1cs nn c1on1cArc1nc nanoAcc
napcxnwm nanan1om. Hnv1o nc pac1 raan1nn, n1o nap
nocv1om nnpnnnpyaArnoro poma nc 1yps1cs nncam-
nnc pnocnnnvn, noc1omy cayAr1a1 panno noc1ovn
moxc1 ovaaa1rcs oncnr nAancnnwm.
Ho, voncnno xc, ncc ypc1 aanncc1r o1 onw1a n vna-
Anqnvann vonc1yv1oon. Homnn1c, n1o ccAn ao1y
ncpAaram1 nwnoAnn1r aa nnavym cny, cAcpyc1 nosnn1r
oc1ooxnoc1r: ncvancc1ncnno aaao1annw nocv1 cnc-
pc1 ncc namc c1on1cArc1no na nc1.
Kanocxnonnmo maxopnaam pax cxponxoancxna. Ecc
nonnmam1, n1o noc1on1r poo1nw pom moxno Anmr
na xoomcro n vancc1ncnnoro ma1cnaAa. Ho vav aao-
a1rcs n 1avom oromnom aanooaann c1on1cArnoro
ma1cnaAa, ococnno vorpa cro naxnaAnnam1? H1ow nc
nonac1r nnocav nn nwoc, cAcpyc1 cryAsno oa-
ma1rcs aa voncyAr1anc v noqcccnonaAam n nncAy-
mnna1rcs v 1omy, n1o ronos1 ncaanncnmwc cvcnc1w.
Cxponxoancxno poma. EcAn ncc nopro1onn1cArnwc
ao1w noncpcnw ramo1no, nnoc1cn vancc1ncnnw
nocv1, no c1on1cArc1no ncpc1cs ncvnaAnqnnonannw-
mn vapamn, moxno cvaaa1r - pcnrrn na nc1c. Ecpr
ccnac n c1on1cArnom nanccc oromnoc mnoxcc1no Am-
n1cAc xaA1yw n momcnnnvon. Hoc1omy pooconcc1-
nwx n ramo1nwx aonnx na1n ypc1 ncAcrvo.
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
10 Kuk no\tsn cfponft
H1ow nc ponyc1n1r omnvn nn nwoc, n ncnym
onccpr cAcpyc1 onna1rcs na cvomcnpann anavomwx
n pyac, vo1owc yxc c1aAvnnaAncr c c1o noAcmo
n mory1 pa1r xoomn conc1. Ecpr na no1sxcnnn mno-
rnx ncmcn 1av naawnacmoc caaqannoc apno nccrpa
cnn1aAocr camwm nonccnnwm n napcxnwm nc1onnnvom
nnqomann, ococnno n cvAamc.
EocnoAray1ccr pannwmn conc1amn, n noc1ocnnw pom
nc aaonayc1 nac na no1sxcnnn nc opnoro pccs1va Ac1.
1.1. Cvponvt nan noxynavt:
npoacva amopa
V Amoro xcAammcro nnocc1n pom osaa1cArno
noannvac1 cAcpymmn nonoc: n1o Aynmc - vynn1r yxc
ro1onw nAn aavaawna1r c1on1cArc1no nonoro? Paccmo1-
nm nAmcw n mnnycw vaxporo nopxopa.
Iomoom 0om nnuc. Hcno opno: novynas ro1onw
pom, cccxc1c maccy ncmcnn n ncnon. Enoncm, nc nc-
vAmncno, n1o pAs nac c1o nyc1wc cAona. ToArvo 1o1, v1o
cam c1onA pom nAn yvonopnA nocccom c1on1cArc1na,
v1o nwnaA n mcnsA nopspnwc nrapw, o+caxaA no
nccvoArvy aa c1on1cArnwc maraannw n wnvn, anac1, o
ncm npc1 cnr. Koncnno, rAannwm nAmcom c1oro nanan1a
snAsc1cs noamoxnoc1r ocnn1r pom no ncc vacc, 1. c.
ynnpc1r cro 1avnm, vavo on cc1r, n caay cmn1r - nop-
xopn1 nAn nc nopxopn1. Opnavo c1o opnoncmcnno snAsc1-
cs n ncpoc1a1vom: pom yxc noc1ocn, n cro nn1crc namc-
nn1r cAoxno, a n nnwx cAynasx - ncnoamoxno. Ba1o n+ca-
xa1r n ro1onw pom moxno caay nocAc oqomAcnns cpcAvn.
H1av, noc1annm raAonvy na c1om nynv1c n nccpcm
v pyrnm poc1onnc1nam ro1onoro poma.
Aprumeumqpuoe poauoopoaue. Hn ccropnsmncm
aanooaann vo11cpxnwx noccAvon, a 1avxc o1pcArnwx
pomon, nx aac1omnvon n axn1cv1ynwx mo, ao-
1ammnx c nnmn, paxc y camoro nnpnnnnoro novyna1c-
As cc1r manc na1n 1o, n1o nopxopn1 nmcnno cmy. Mox-
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
l\unu 3
CTPOHTFAbHMF
MATFPHAAM
3.1. Cvponvcatnmc vavcpnaam
Hn pAs voro nc ccvc1, nacvoArvo naxna oAr vanc-
c1ncnnoro c1on1cArc1na n concmcnnom mnc. Ono aa1-
arnnac1 nav1nnccvn ncc cqcw namc xnann, nann-
nas o1 xnAoro ccv1oa n aavannnnas nomwmAcnnwmn
ncpnns1nsmn. cc1nn1cArno, cAoxno paxc ncpc1a-
nn1r ccc xnanr ca noc1osnno ononAsmmnxcs n noano-
psmnxcs apann n cooyxcnn.
EcAn ronon1r o c1om nocccc oAcc vonvc1no,
1o ncxpc nccro c1on1 o1mc1n1r cro naxnoc1r nmcnno n
nAanc xnArs, ncpr nav1nnccvn nn opna ccmrs nc mo-
xc1 oo1ncr ca 1oro, vav nnocc1n nAn xc noc1o-
n1r pAs ccs vna1ny, vo11cpx nAn pom. Hoc1omy non-
oc c1o1 n concmcnnom mnc nc oc1anAsc1 comncnn n
cnoc av1yaArnoc1n. A n1o, vav nc vancc1ncnnwc c1o-
ma1cnaAw, oncpcAsc1 nccr ycncmnw n Aaronns1-
nw xop c1on1cArc1na, aapanas nyxnw 1on: napcx-
noc1r, poAroncmcnnoc1r n vancc1no. Hcnccra1r 1a-
vnm vAmncnwm qav1oom noncc nc c1on1, ncpr o1 ncro
aanncn1 1av mnoro.
CAoxno nocnon1r c 1o oncnnpno nc1nno, n1o
c1oma1cnaAw nwnnc ncpc1anAcnw na mnoronncAcnnwx
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146 Kuk no\tsn cfponft
wnvax n n cncnaAnanonannwx maraannax n oncnr n
oncnr ncnAoxom acco1nmcn1c. Hoc1omy no1cnnaArnwm
vAncn1am, aann1ccconannwm n nwoc n nocAcpymmcm
nnoc1cnnn ma1cnaAon pAs c1on1cArc1na, noo nn-
xopn1cs ncAcrvo, vorpa cnr aaxopn1 o ovonna1cArnom
cmcnnn. Paccmo1nm oAcc nopono, n1o moxc1 nxo-
pn1r n 1avoc nons1nc, vav c1oma1cnaAw.
C1oma1cnaAw nopaapcAsm1cs na nnpw. Ccpn nnx
moxno nwpcAn1r cAcpymmnc: 1onanw c1on (naro1on-
Acn n aanopcvnx ycAonnsx) n cwnynnc ma1cnaAw, a 1av-
xc vAaponnwc ma1cnaAw, anno vav n c1on1cArnwc cy-
xnc cmccn, cmcn1, vomc 1oro, vAcn (rcmc1nvn), y1cn-
An1cAr, anyvonaoAsnonnwc ma1cnaAw n mnoroc pyroc.
Oromnoc aanooaanc ma1cnaAon pAs c1on1cAr-
c1na, oncnnpno, nooxpac1 comncnns n ncynccnnoc1r n
1om, vavo xc nmcnno nwa1r pAs cnocro ypymcro poma,
vo11cpxa n 1. n. A n1o ccAn v c1omy nnans1cs cmc n
aao1w o nx c1onmoc1n? Hc ccvc1, n1o cnw na c1o-
ma1cnaAw - opna na oncnr naxnwx coc1anAsmmnx ncc-
ro nAana no vonvc1nomy c1on1cArc1ny. 01o1 nonoc
noo snAsc1cs ocnononoAarammnm pAs ncvo1owx cc-
mc (nAn orannaan, vorpa cnr npc1 o c1on1cArc1nc
oqnca). Hancc1no, n1o c1onmoc1r ma1cnaAon moxc1 oncnr
cnArno narnona1r n aanwx, nccrma o1paAcnnwx pyr
o1 pyra ncpcAax.
Ccpn ma1cnaAon cc1r 1avnc, vo1owc c1os1 ny1r An
nc aaoAannwx pcncr n nc mory1 w1r poc1ynnw mno-
vomy vyry vAncn1on. Opnavo, v cnac1rm, cc1r n poc1yn-
nwc. Banac1ym cnw aanncs1 o1 acvyncnnoc1n n no-
nyAsnoc1n maraanna, n vo1oom caAnaym1cs c1oma-
1cnaAw. E c1om cAynac cc1r ncos1noc1r, n1o nnpc1cs
nconanpanno nccnAannna1r ncvo1oym cymmy Anmr
aa romvym n nonccmcc1nym cvAamy (xo1s nmcnno noc-
Acpnss no mnorom n nnnAcvac1 aann1ccconannwx no-
vyna1cAc!). Ho n pyrnx cAynasx cnw na c1oma1cn-
aAw nansmym aanncs1 o1 nx vancc1na. Kav nancc1no,
ncm pooxc 1a nAn nnas ncmr, 1cm Aynmc cc vancc1no.
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
147 l\unu 3. Cfponfo\tnto ufopnu\t
E o1nomcnnn c1on1cArnwx ma1cnaAon c1o nannAo
caa1wnac1 oncnr nac1o. Hoc1omy, xcAas pon1rcs no-
nac1osmcmy xoomcro, coAnpnoro cayAr1a1a, nc c1aa-
1ccr ococnno ccvonomn1r na 1avo ncmn, vav c1oma1c-
naAw. Ecpr nons1no, n1o oAcc vancc1ncnnw ma1cnaA
ypc1 oAcc c1ovnm n napcxnwm, ncxcAn 1o1, vo1ow
aancpomo snAsc1cs pcmcnwm n cAnmvom noc1wm.
Eoanamascr v 1cmc, vav nwa1r xoomnc c1oma-
1cnaAw, ncnomnnm o 1avom acncv1c, vav naAnnnc or-
omncmcro acco1nmcn1a n mnoronncAcnnwx maraannax
n xoasc1ncnnwx o1pcAcnnsx, na wnvax n 1. n. Bc-
ra1r n ncva1r, n1o xc Aynmc, mcnacr na opnoro mcc1a n
pyroc, - nc nwxop na cn1yann. CAoxno o+cv1nnno
ocnn1r ncc ncAcc1n n ncnmymcc1na 1oro nAn nnoro
ma1cnaAa, ypynn yc1anmnm, aapaxcnnwm n acc1o-
cnnwm, - ncpr noponwc noxopw no maraannam oncnr
pAs mnornx snAsm1cs vav mnnnmym y1omn1cArnwmn.
Tav n1o xc pcAa1r n 1avom cAynac? Ewo cpcAa1r nyx-
no, a yc1anna1r onccpno aacr na wnov yxc noc1o
nc1 cnA. Torpa ncnomnnm no nn1cnc1-maraann. cc1nn-
1cArno, nnoc1cnnc ma1cnaAon n 1avnx maraannax nmc-
c1 cAym maccy nwrop n ncnmymcc1n n canncnnn c c-
aArnwmn noxopamn no maraannam. En1yaArnoc oanavom-
Acnnc c acco1nmcn1om, noamoxnoc1r noponoro n
pc1aArnoro accmo1cnns ma1cnaAa nn nomomn qo1ora-
qn - no1 n1o ncpAarac1 nn1cnc1-maraann. H c1o, vo-
ncnno, paAcvo nc ncc. Homnmo nwmcnccnncAcnnoro 1avnc
maraannw pam1 ynnvaArnw manc n cnovono oc1anonvc
oanavomn1rcs c cnamn, a nnorpa paxc n noAynn1r vavym-
Ano cvnpvy nAn onyc nn novynvc!
K 1omy xc, vav nancc1no, nn1cnc1-maraannw aanac-
1ym ncpAaram1 novyna1cAsm nopyvnm no oAcc nna-
vo cnc, ncxcAn ownnwc maraannw. BoAcc 1oro, nn-
s1nwm nAmcom co1ypnnncc1na c maraannamn n cc1n
Hn1cnc1 snAsc1cs noamoxnoc1r cannn1r cnw aanwx
maraannon (pAs c1oro paxc nnorpa cymcc1nym1 cncn-
aArnwc monn1onnrn c cnamn nn1cnc1-ccycon).
- www.phoenixbooks.ru
Oraaaacnnc
Encpcnnc .................................................................. 3
IAana l
Kav noc1on1r vancc1ncnnw pom ............................... 8
l.l. C1on1r nAn novyna1r: noAcma nwoa........... l0
l.2. Ewo ma1cnaAa pAs c1cn
nn c1on1cArc1nc maAoc1axnwx pomon ................... l4
l.3. C ncro nana1r c1on1cArc1no poma..................... l9
l.4. Ccaonnwc cvomcnpann
no c1on1cArc1ny nac1noro poma .............................. 24
l.5. HAannonva ynac1va nop c1on1cArc1no poma..... 26
l.6. Kavo pom xo1n1c noc1on1r
n nn c1om ccvonomn1r? ......................................... 30
l.?. Ococnnoc1n c1on1cArc1na nac1nwx pomon
corAacno c1on1cArnwx nomam n nannAam............. 36
l.8. HAannmc1ns c1on1cArc1na ............................ 4?
l.9. Kav nannArno ccvonomn1r
na c1on1cArc1nc nac1noro poma .............................. 56
l.l0. C1on1cArc1no poma no qcn-my ..................... 6l
IAana 2
H1o nam c1on1 pom noc1on1r .................................... 66
2.l. Bnrapa c1on1cAc
nAn c1on1cArnas qnma - n1o nwa1r? ................ 66
2.2. Kn1cnn nwoa c1on1cArno vomnannn......... ?0
2.3. Korpa c1on1 o1vaaa1rcs o1 c1on1cArno
vomnannn? ............................................................ 90
2.4. Ipc na1n n vav nannArno nwa1r
c1on1cArnym nrapy? .......................................... 92
2.5. Omnvn n nannAa nwoa c1on1cArno
nrapw.............................................................. l0l
2.6. H1o cmc nnns1r no nnnmannc
nn nwoc nrapw c1on1cAc? .......................... ll0
2.?. nvnc nrapw: aa n no1nn ....................... ll4
2.8. Kav nannArno concn1nona1rcs
n nc omnn1rcs c nwoom nrapw
c1on1cAc na c1an wnmcro CCCP? ..................... l20
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205
2.9. Ocnonnwc 1nnw nrap c1on1cAc-
rac1aa1con n vav nannArno c nnmn
oma1rcs ............................................................ l23
2.l0. C1apnn o1nomcnn:
aavaannv - rac1aa1cw ................................... l32
2.ll. Kav 1orona1rcs
co c1on1cAsmn-rac1aa1camn .......................... l3?
2.l2. HcAcrvn nwo - rac1aa1cw
nAn c1on1cArnwc qnmw .................................... l39
IAana 3
C1on1cArnwc ma1cnaAw ....................................... l45
3.l. C1on1cArnwc ma1cnaAw .............................. l45
3.2. Kav nannArno nwa1r c1on1cArnwc
ma1cnaAw n nc omnn1rcs? ................................. l48
3.3. Ipc nwropncc vynn1r c1oma1cnaAw? ........... l53
3.4. Ococnnoc1n aavynvn c1oma1cnaAon
n omcnns c nopanamn ...................................... l5?
3.5. Kavnc ma1cnaAw cancpnwc? ....................... l64
3.6. Bcaonacnoc1r c1on1cArnwx ma1cnaAon .......... l?6
3.?. Hcm cmc onacnw c1on1cArnwc ma1cnaAw?
omamnss apnans............................................ l?9
3.8. Kav nannArno nwa1r
c1on1cArnwc ma1cnaAw no qcn-my ................... l82
3.9. Ecc ocnonnwx c1oma1cnaAon ...................... l83
3.l0. Kav oncpcAn1r vancc1no
c1on1cArnwx ma1cnaAon na rAaa ..................... l84
3.ll. C1anpa1nwc aamcw
ocnonnwx c1oma1cnaAon................................... l88
Hpu.oenue
Ecc c1on1cArnwx ma1cnaAon n napcAn ................. l94
n1ca1ya............................................................ 200
Cr\un\onno
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Hon.npnoe u:oonue
Cpano n nao l8.0?.20l3. Hopnncano n ncna1r 20.l0.20l3.
oma1 84xl08
l
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32
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Tnax 3 000 cva. Bavaa N
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12+
KHPHED Aaoucanpp mnxpnonnn
Kax ncat:a cvponvt,
nan Kax ampavt pnraay n cvponvcatnmc
vavcpnaam aaa cvponvcatcvaa
nnananayaatnoro aova
Hpaxvnuccxnc coacvm
O1nc1c1ncnnw cpav1o
A. Eopoouuoo
Ewnycvammn cpav1o
I. Joeounooo
Tcxnnnccvn cpav1o
B. ]oo~oooo
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