Catalysis and the use of Energy by Cells

25/3/2011

What is Energy
The capacity to do Work Example Steam engine

Thermodynamics

First Law: Energy is not created or destroyed. It can be just transformed

Second Law: Every transformation of Energy has a lost as Heat. This Heat increases the entropy of the universe

Different Kind of Energy

EnzymesBiological Catalysts
Catalyst? Speeds up reaction Proteins The Model:

E=Enzyme
S=Substrate

P=Product

E+S

ES

E+P

Enzymes Lower Energy of Activation

Cell Chemistry
Enzymesinvolved in almost all chemical reactions. AnabolismThe building reactions. EX. Protein synthesis CatabolismThe breakdown reactions. EX. Protein digestion Metabolismsum of all reactions

Exergonic and Endergonic Reactions

Concepts:
Coupled Reactions Activated Carriers

ATP is the most used Act. Carrier

Another Carriers