Applying Indirect Strategies to the Four Language Skills

Presented by: Wahyu Asikin Rahmaniah Trimayanti

Metacognitive Strategies

Metacognitive strategies allow learners to control their own cognition-that is, to coordinate the learning process by using functions such as centering, arranging, planning and evaluating

I. METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES
A. Centering Your Learning 1. Overviewing and linking with already known material
B. Arranging and C. Evaluating your

planning your learning 1. Finding out about language learning

learning 1. Self -monitoring

2. Paying attention

2. Organizing, Setting goals and objectives

3. Identifying the purpose of a language task

2. Self -evaluating

3. Delaying speech production to focus on listening

4. Planning for a language task 5. Seeking practice opportunities

II. AFFECTIVE STRATEGIES

A. LOWERING YOUR ANXIETY
1. Using progressive relaxation, deep breathing or meditation 2. Using music 3. Using laughter
B. ENCOURAGING YOURSELF C. TAKING YOUR EMOTIONAL TEMPERATURE

1. Making positive statements

1. Listening to your body

2.Taking risk wisely 3. Rewarding yourself

2. Using a checklist 3. Writing a language learning diary 4. Discussing your feelings with someone else

III. Social strategies

A. Asking questions
1. Asking for clarification

B. Cooperating with others

1. Cooperating with peers

C. Empathizing with others

1. Developing cultural Understanding 2. Becoming aware of others thoughts and feelings

2. Asking for correction

2. Cooperating with Proficient users of the new language