Assignment (4)

Quantitative Hydrology (Hydrograph)

Solution : Question (1)
A storm lasting 6 hr has 1.55 in of rain and produces the following flows:
Time, hr
flow, cfs
Time, hr
flow, cfs
0
20
28
110
4
110
32
80
8
180
36
60
12
250
40
40
16
200
44
30
20
160
48
20
24
130
Note: cfs = ft3/s & ft = 12 in and mil = 1760 * 3 ft
The basin has an area 12.5 mil2. Find the peak of the unit hydrograph. What fraction of
the precipitation appeared as runoff? Assume negligible base flow.
Solution
Rain, P = 1.55 in , A = 12.5 mil 2
Time

Flow

20

110

Unit
Hyd

12

16

20

24

28

32

36 40

44

48

180 250 200 160

130

110

80

60 40

30

20

20/0.689 110/0.689
261 362 290 232 188.7 159.7 116 87 58 43.5 29
= 29
= 160

flow = ( 20+110+180+ 250+----------)

Direct run off =

= 1390 cfs

1390 * 4 * 3600
*12 = 0.689 inch
12.5 * (1760 * 3)(1760 * 3)

mile = 1760*3 ft
Peak of unit hydrograph
Fraction runoff =

0.689
1.55

= 362 cfs
= 0.444

Solution : Question (2)

The 2-hr Unit hydrograph for a catchment is given in the following tabulated form.
Assuming zero base flow, you are asked to do the following:
(a) How large is the catchment area?
(b) If 2.5 cm of direct runoff is produced uniformly over a 2-hr period, find the
resulting hydrograph.
Time, hour Q, m3/sec Time, hour Q, m3/sec
0
0
8
116.0
1
11.3
9
90.6
2
70.8
10
67.9
3
124.5
11
45.3
4
169.8
12
25.5
5
121.3
13
11.3
6
172.6
14
5.7
7
141.5
15
0
Solution
Time

UH

11.3

70.8

124.5

169.8

121.3

172.6

141.5

116

Q, H

11.3*2.5 = 28.8

177

311..25

424.5

303.25

431.5

353.75 290

Continue
Time 9

10

11

12

13

14

15

UH

90.6

67.9

45.3

25.5

11.3

5.7

Q, H

226.5 169.75 113.25 63.75 28.25 14.25 0

Q (unit hydrograph) = 1174.1 m3/s

Volume

= 1174.1 *1.0 * 60 * 60 = 4226760 m3

volume 4226760

area
A

= 1.0 cm = 0.01 m

A=
A=

422670
0.01

= 422676000 m2
= 422.67 km2