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21 13 Nov 2009
21 13 Nov 2009
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System) qdkwJh pum;vHk; owif;aqmif;yg;rsm;rSm r=umc% awG@vm &
ygw,f?
uJ 'gjzifh b&ifwef0kpepf qkdwm bmygvdrfh?
b&ufwef0kpepfqdkwm[m urBmht"du pufr_EkdifiH}uD;rsm; t
=um;&SdwJh ukefoG,fa&;eJ@ bma&;qufqHr_ pnf;rsOf;Oya'orsm;ukd
wnfaqmufay;vdkufwJh aiGa=u;qkdif&m pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_pepfw&yfom jzpf
ygw,f?
'kwd,urBmppf+yD;cgeD; ppft+yD; EkdifiHwumhpD;yGm;a&;pepf jyef
vnfwnfaqmufzkd@ jyifqifwJhtaeeJ@ EkdifiHwumaiGa=u;eJ@bma&;
uGefz&ifh}uD;ukd tar&duef e,l;[Jrf_dif;,m;jynfe,f b&ufwef0k t
&yf&Sd 0g&Sifwefa[mfw,frSm 1944 ckESpf ZlvkdifvtwGif;rSm usif;ycJhyg
w,f? r[mrdwfEkdifiHaygif; 44 EkdifiHu ukd,fpm;vS,faygif; 730 wuf
a&mufcJhygw,f? tJ'DrSm ukd,fpm;vS,ftrsm;tjym; tjyeftvSef aqG;
aEG;=u+yD; b&ufwef0koabmwlnDcsufukd csKyfqkdcJh=uw,f?
tJ'DoabmwlnDr_uae+yD; EkdifiHwum aiGa=u;pepfukd pepfw
us xdef;odrf;tkyfcsKyfr,fh Oya'rsm;/ enf;Oya'rsm;/ tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;/
enf;vrf;rsm;/ pepfrsm;udk azmfxkwfcJh+yD; tJ'Duae EkdifiHwum aiGa=u;
&efyHkaiGtzGJ@ (IMF) wkd@/ urBmhb%fjzpfvmr,fhtzGJ@wdk@ ay:xGef;cJhygw,f?
34
topf jyefvnfae&mcs
xm;a&;twGuf vrf;cif;ay;wJhpepf w&yfom jzpfygw,f?
'gayrJh 20 &mpktukef tar&duefa':vm aiGa=u;wefzkd; us
qif;vmr_u 'Dpepf&J@ ,kdifeJ@csnfheJ@vmr_ukd jzpfay:apcJh+yD; tck 21 &mpk
tprSmawmh aemufpepfw&yfay:zdk@ }udK;pm;ae=uyg+yD?
2009 {+yDv vef'efrSm usif;yr,fh EkdifiH 20 (G 20) nDvmcH
[m pepfopftwGuf tpysdK;csufrsm;jzpf+yD; 'Dwcg ay:vmr,fh EkdifiHw
umh aiGa=u;pepfu zGH@+zdK;qJEkdifiHtrsm;tjym;tygt0if EkdifiHtrsm;pkt
wGuf aumif;usdK;awGo,fvmygapa=umif; qENjyKvkdufygw,f?
(International political & economic order)
ukd;um; ?
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39
0oefOD;
urBmrSm ta&S@awmiftm&Sa'o[m bmompum;rsm;jym;pkHvifwJh &yf
0ef;}uD;wckjzpfygw,f? ta&S@awmiftm&S&yf0ef;xJrSmyg0ifwJh Armjynf
rSmvnf; bmompum; trsm;tjym;&Sdaewm awG@jrif&ygw,f? bm
ompum;aA'ynm&SifawGtwGuf wefzdk;xm;avhvmae&wJh wkdif;jynf
xJrSm Armjynfvnf;yg0ifygw,f?
wu,fvkd@om ArmjynfrSm 'Drkdua&pDxGef;um;jyD; vlrsdK;wkdif;
wef;wl&nfwlqufqH+yD; jidrf;csrf;pGm twlzGH@jzdK;}ur,fqkd&if Armjynf
[m vlrsdK;aygif;pkH/ bmompum;aygif;pkH a0pnfxGef;um;wJh acwfrDwJh
wkdif;jynfwjynf jzpfrSmtrSefygyJ? rEk\aA'ynm&SifawG bmomp
um;aA'ynm&SifawG&J@ pl;prf;p&m/ avhvmp&m yduwfwkduf}uD; jzpf
aerSm trSefyg?
tckawmh ArmjynfrSmaexkdif=uwJh Armtygt0ifwkdif;&if;om;
vlrsdK;awG[m olwkd@vlrsdK;/ olwkd@bmompum; yaysmufwdrfaumawmh
r,fhtE&m,f/ 'grSr[kwf ysufpD;,dk,Gif;oGm;r,fhtE&m,feJ@ }uKHawG@
ae&ygw,f? rEk\aA'ynm&Sifrsm;/ bmompum;aA'ynm&Sifrsm;/
&ifwrr ESajrmwooeJ@ Armjynfukdapmifh}unfhae&wJh tajctaejzpf
aeygw,f?
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twdtus wcgrS aumuf,ljcif;r&Sdyg? teD;pyfqkH;rSef;ajcpm&if;om &SdcJh
ygw,f?
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pjzpfwJh 20 &mpktpykdif; 1917 ckESpf ArmjynfvlrsdK;rsm;/ bmomp
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40
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50
wkwfjynfu
bma=umifh ,Hk=unfcsuf &SdaeovJ
(&JabmfxGef;jrwf )
2009 ckESpf Zefe0g&DvurS topfwufvmwJh tar&dueforRw tkd
bm;rm;&J@ tpkd;&tzGJ@0if EdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD; rpPuf[Dvm&Duvifwefu
wkwfjynfukd EkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;tjzpf yxrqHk; vma&mufvnfywf
pOfu tckusa&mufaewJh urBmhpD;yGm;a&;tusyftwnf;}uD;xJu u
rBm}uD;wckvHk;ukd tar&duefeJ@wkwf vufwGJOD;aqmif+yD; qGJwifoGm;
=ur,fvkd@ ajymoGm;ygw,f?
wkwfynm&Sif trsm;tjym;uvnf; urBmhpD;yGm;a&; ysufuyf
xJu wkwfjynf[m yxrqHk; kef;xGufvmEdkifwJh EkdifiHjzpfr,fvdk@ oHk;
oyf=uw,f?
wkwfjynf[m 2008 aemufqHk; 4 vywfrSm zGH@+zdK;r_E_ef;[m
r}uHKpzl; 6 'or 8 &mckdifE_ef;ukd xkd;usoGm;ygw,f? ykd@ukefawG usqif;
vdk@ pufHkawG axmifeJ@csDydwfvkduf&+yD; aus;vufrsm;uae +rdK@wuf t
vkyfvkyfaewJh ysHustvkyform; (migrant worker) aygif; oef; 20 t
vkyfvufrJh jzpfoGm;+yD; aus;&Gmrsm;ukd jyefoGm;&yg+yD? 'DESpf wuUokdvf
rsm;u bGJ@&vm+yD; tvkyfcGif0ifr,fholaygif;u 6 oef;ausmfygw,f?
'Dvkd &ifav;zG,fjzpf&yfawG &SdaeygvsufueJ@ bma=umifh w
kwfawG[m olwkd@EkdifiH pD;yGm;a&;ysufuyfxJu kef;xGufEkdifvdrfhr,fvdk@
oHk;oyf=uovJ? 'D,Hk=unfcsuf (confidence) ukd b,fu&ovJ?
tck rwfv 3 &ufae@u pvkd@ rwfv 13 &ufae@txd usif;y
+yD;pD;oGm;cJhwJh wkwfjynfv$wfawmf 2 &yftwGif; ajym=um;cJhwJh wkwf
tpkd;&acgif;aqmifrsm;/ Oya'ynm&Sirf sm;/ pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Sifrsm; pwm
awG&J@ ajym=um;csufrsm;udk =unfh&atmifyg?
51
? CCTV rS Dialogues
rsm;?
14-3-09?
55
ajrmufukd;&D;,m;&J@ +*dK[fwkeJ@
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60
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(armifoef;jra&$)
2008 =o*kwfv 12 &ufae@wGif xkdif0rfjynfxJa&;XmerS xkdif0rf 'Drkd
u&ufwpf uGefjrLepfygwD (Taiwan Democratic Communist Party) ukd
EkdifiHawmf&J@ 141 ajrmuf EkdifiHa&;ygwDtjzpf rSwfyHkwifjcif;ukd w&m;0if
vufcHvkdufw,f?
'D&v'f[m xkdif0rfw&m;a&;aumifpD OuHk;taxGaxGt
wGif;a&;rSL;a[mif; csefppfrifrS jynfol@toif;tzGJ@Oya' (Civil
Association Act) . w&m;0ifr_tay: jyefvnfpDppf&ef apm'uwufr_
t& ay:xGufvmjcif; jzpfw,f? Oya' yk'fr (2) u tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;/
vlxkv_yf&Sm;r_rsm;ukd uGefjrLepf0g'aomfvnf;aumif;/ e,fajrcGJxGuf
a&;aomfvnf;aumif;v_H@aqmfr_rjyK&[k txl;jyKydwfyifxm;w,f?
Oya'u uGefjrLepf0g'ukd wkdif;jynf'kuQa&mufaprnfh xkwfazmfcsufrsm;
[k owfrSwfum v_H@aqmfaom tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;/ vlxkv_yf&Sm;r_rsm;ukd
ydwfyifwm;jrpfxm;w,f?
1998 u csefppfrif[m xkdifaywGif xkdif0rfvGwfvyfa&;t
zGJ@qkdwmukd xlaxmifzkd@ }udK;pm;cJhaomfvnf; CAA t& ydwfyifcH&
w,f? olu zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHkqdkif&m w&m;Hk;okd@ apm'uwufcJh+yD; ESpf
aygif;rsm;pGm w&m;a&;pepft& ckcHav#mufvJ+yD; aemufqHk; atmifjrifr_
&cJhygw,f?
2008 ZGef 20 aom=umae@wGif zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk Oya'qkdif&m
teuft"dy`m,fzGifhqkdr_t& EkdifiHa&;ygwDw&yf&J@ EkdifiHa&;tjriftay:
ydwfyifwm;qD;ykdifcGifh r&Sda=umif; xkdif0rfw&m;kH;csKyfaumifpD (Council
of Grand Justices) rS qHk;jzwfcsuf cscJhw,f? w&m;Hk;csKyfaumifpD&J@ qHk;
jzwfcsuf[m twdwfutrSm;rsm; pkd;&GH@r_rsm;ukd z,f&Sm;um vGwfvyf
pGmajymqkdcGifh vGwfvyfpGm,Hk=unfcGifh vGwfvyfpGmpkHk;cGifhrsm;ukd tjynfh
66
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67
tu,fIfom
roef;at;
tu,fIom urBm}uD;[m vlaygif; 1000 (waxmif) &SdwJh &Gm}uD;
w&Gmqkdygpkd@? b,folawG [m tJ'DrSm aexkdifolawG jzpfrvJ?
tm&Swkdufom; 585 OD;
awmiftar&duwkdufom; 123 OD;
ta&S@ESifh taemufOa&myom; 95 OD;
vufwiftar&duom;rsm; 84 OD;
k&Sm;ESifh ,cif qkdAD,uf,leD,Hom;rsm; 55 OD;
ajrmuftar&duom; 52 OD;
ypPdzdwfom; 6 OD; wdk@
jzpfygvdrfhr,f?
tJ'D&Gmol&Gmom;rsm;[m tcsif;csif; qufoG,fzkd@ tawmft
oifh tcuftcJ &SdEkdifygw,f?
ref'&if; (ac:) wkwfpum;ajymol 165 OD;
t*Fvdyfpum; ajymol
*6 OD;
[dENL (okd@) tl&'lpum; ajymol *3 OD;
pydefpum;ajymol 64 OD;
k&Sm;pum;ajymol 58 OD;
tm&ADpum;ajymol 37 OD;
'Dpm&if;uawmh rl&if;rdcif bmompum;ajymol &Gmol&Gm
om;w0uf&J@ pm&if;omjzpfygw,f? usefw0ufuawmh (toHk;rsm;wJh
bmompum;tvkduf pDxm;=unfh&if) b*FgvD/ ay:wl*D/ tif'kdeD;&Sm;/
*syef/ *smreD/ jyifopfESifh tjcm;bmompum; 200 cef@ &Sdygw,f?
'D&Gm;om;aygif; 1000 &SdwJh&GmrSm 68
roef;at;
70
uGefjrLepfygwDa=unmpmwrf;eJ@ ywfouf+yD;
EkdifiHwum ynm&Sifrsm;&J@ tjrifwcsdK@
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uGefjrLepfygwDa=unmpmwrf;[m rmhufpf0g'usrf;rsm;teuf vkyfief;
pOf oabmaqmifwJh ta&;}uD;qHk;usrf; jzpfw,f? tus,fjyef@qHk; ysH@ESH
aewJh ody`Henf;ustawG;tac: usr;f wqlvnf;jzpfw,f? urBm}uD;ukd
us,fus,fjyef@jyef@ eufeuf_dif;_dif; *,ufkdufcJhwJh usrf;wql jzpfw,f
qkd&ifvnf; rrSm;bl;?
2008 ckESpf[m 'Dusrf; tESpf 160 jynfhESpfjzpfw,f? tJ'Dae@
ukd txdrf;trSwfjyKwJhtaeeJ@ avmavmq,fq,f ESpfrsm;twGif; +Ad
wdef/ tar&dueJ@ k&Sm;pwJhEkdifiHawGrSm 'Dusrf;ukd jyefvnf xkwfa0cJh=u
ao;w,f? tJ'Dvkd xkwfa0=u&mrSm tajctaeeJ@tnD tuJjzwfcsuf
opfrsm;vnf; yl;wGJazmfjyxm;=uw,fvkd@ qkdygw,f? (ArmjynfuGefjrL
78
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okd@r[kwf
ukd,fusdK;pD;yGm;umuG,fa&;0g'
jyefvnfay:xGufvmjcif;
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'Dae@}uHKawG@ae&wJh _yfaxG;vSwJh pD;yGm;a&;tusyftwnf;ukd ajz&Sif;zkd@
qkd&if toHus,fus,favmifavmif atmfaeHk/ avSeH"m;xpfvkdufem
aqmif&GufaeHkrsdK;eJ@ r+yD;ygbl;? vkdav;ao;r&Sdatmif aphpyfaocsm+yD;
vufawG@usus aqmif&Gufzkd@ vkdygw,f? aiGpkaiGacs;aps;uGufukd t
axmuftuljzpfa&;twGuf tpkd;&[m 0ifa&muftmrcH yHhykd;ay;a&;
awG vkyfrvm;? 'grSr[kwf raumif;wJhb%fawG ray:aygufatmif vkyf
rvm;? wu,fawmh 2 ckvHk;ukd aqmif&Gufoifhygw,f? bma&;eJ@
pD;yGm;a&; E_d;qGr_awGukd b,fvkdvkyf&if tusdK;oufa&mufr_ t&SdqHk;
jzpfrvJ? 'gukdawmh EkdifiHtoD;oD;&J@ yuwdtajctaet& qHk;jzwfoifh
ygw,f? b%fawGukd EkdifiHawmfykdif vkyfoifhovm;? wcsdK@ tajctae
atmufrSm vkyfoifhygw,f? rkdufl;&J w,loefawG &Sdae&ifom 'gukd
vHk;0vufcHa&; jywfjywfom;om; jiif;qkdygvdrfhr,f?
'gayrJh rsufarSmufacwforkdif; tarSmifqHk;umv&J@ 0dnmOfu
jyefay:vmawmh vHk;0rwluJjG ym;wJh avoHawG ay:vmwmudkyJ tpG,f
waigaigeJ@ wkH@jyefwkdufckdufvmaew,f? pD;yGm;a&;rsdK;cspfpdwf"mwfu
tvkyftukdif tcGifhtvrf;awGeJ@ t&if;tESD;awGukd jynfwGif;rSm xm;&Sd
a&;ukd tylwjyif; awmif;qdkae&if 'DpD;yGm;a&;tusyftwnf;[m EkdifiH
a&;tusyftwnf;w&yftjzpfomru urBm}uD;ukd pD;yGm;a&; qkwf
,kwfusqif;r_}uD;eJ@ }uHKawG@ &ifqkdif&apvdrfhr,f? 'D0dnmOfukdom csuf
79
84
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awG@qkHGaqG;aEG;a&; pm;yGJ0kdif;qDokd@
95
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tdkbm;rm;&J@pdwfysufp&mvkyf&yfawG
orRwoufwrf; &ufaygif;w&mjynfhqdk+yD; tar&dueforRw
tdkbm;rm;&J@tvkyfawGudk oHk;oyfolawGxJrSm xl;xl;jcm;jcm; oHk;oyf
olwOD;u tcktxdqdk&if ol@udkrJay;cJholawGudkpdwfysufapwJh tcsuf
udk;csuf usL;vGefcJhw,fvdk@ tifwmeufay:rSmeHygwfpOfeJ@azmfjyxm;wm
atmufygtwdkif;awG@vdkuf&ygw,f?
1? *gZmrSm tar&duefvkyfav,mOfawG/ AHk;awGeJ@t&yfom;
awG/ uav;awGudkowfjzwfaewkef;u E_wfydwfa&iHkaewm?
2? tdkbm;rm;[m ol@&J@orRwtjzpf usrf;opPmusdefqdkwJhrdef@
cGef;xJrSm rmwifvlomuif;uvlom;awGtay: usL;vGefwJhjypfr_}uD;
vdk@ _wfcscJhwJh AD,uferfppfyGJudk &nf!ef;+yD; acqef; (AD,uferfppfyGJ
wkef;u wdkufyGJ}uD;wckjzpfyGm;cJhwJh ae&mwck)u|efawmfwdk@twGufwdkuf
cdkuf toufay;cJh=uwJholawGvdk@*k%fycJhwm?
3? ol@&J@ tJ'DorRwtjzpf usrf;opPmusdefqdkwJhrdef@cGef;xJrSmyJ
Oa&myrSae+yD; tar&duwdkuf}uD;odk@vma&mufI taemufbufudk
wdk;csJ@cJh=uolawG&J@ aus;Zl;udk tr$ef;wifvdkufwm? 'g[mtJ'DOa&my
om;awGu a'ocHvleDawGtay: &uf&ufpufpufusihf}uHvk,ufcJhwm
awGudk zHk;uG,f&musw,f?
4? tpdk;&Hk;rSm tpPa&;EdkifiH&J@vHkcHa&;ta=umif; tdkbm;rm;u
ajymwJhtcgrSm ol[m tm&yfygvufpwdkif;awG ESpfaygif; ajcmufq,f
vHk;vHk; cHpm;ae&wJh'kuQawG cHpm;ae&wJhta=umif;/ tpPa&;u olwdk@t
96
owif;
eJ@
rSwfcsuf
ArmjynfuaxmufvSrf;a&;eJ@tydif tar&duefpDtdkifat
+yD;cJhwJhvtwGif;u pDtdkifatu xkwfjyefcJhwJhrSwfwrf;awGxJ
rSm tar&duefEdkifiHrSm t=urf;zuform;qdk+yD; zrf;xm;olawGudk a&ESpf
ppfaq;cJhw,fvdk@ azmfjyxm;wmudk urBmu wtHhw=oawG@cJh=u&yg
w,f? 'g[musL;bm;u *Gmwmemrdk/ tmz*efeJ@ tD&wfu tbl*g&uf
tusOf;pcef;awGrSm pDtdkifat&J@ vlrqefwJh ESdyfpufr_awGta=umif; pHk
prf;&mu ay:xGufvmwJh owif;tpteawG jzpfygw,f? yifv,fxJ
rSmarsmaewJh a&cJwHk;}uD;&J@ tay:zsm;av;vdk@qdkEdkifygw,f?
'gayrJh tJJ'Dtpav;udk qGJxkwfvdkufawmh woD}uD; qufay:
vmygw,f? wcsufuawmh 'DESdyfpufr_awGudk a*smhbk&Sfvufxufu 0ef
}uD;a'gufwmuGef'dkvpfZmdkufpfu cGifhycJhw,fqdkwmygyJ? ydkpdwf0ifpm;
p&maumif;jyefwJhwcsufu uGef'dkvpfZmdkufpf[m 'Dowif;xGufvm
awmh olutJ'Dvdkppfaq;zdk@pDtdkifatu cGifhycsufawmif;wJh tpnf;t
a0;rSm olwuf+yD; em;axmifcJhwmoufoufygvdk@ ajym+yD;r=umcifrSm
tJ'Dtpnf;ta0; rSwfwrf;wdyfacGawGudk xkwfjyefvdkufawmh ol@toHeJ@
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98
99
owif;
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wm0ef,lr_r,lr_
ruUqDudkEdkifiHu pvdkufwJh Swine Flu ac: 0ufwkyfauG;udpP
xdyfwef;a&mufaecsdef?
W.H.O xkwfjyefcsuf wckkt& 24 EdkifiHrSm tul;pufcHxm;
&wJhvlem 1700 ausmf+yD ajymw,f? tcktxd aoqHk; ol 31 OD; &Sd
oGm;yg+yD?
a&m*g p &SmawG@vdk@ owif;awGvnf; jyef@oGm;a&m wkwf
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116
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120
atmifyifv,f
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wkwfbmomjzifh xkwfa0onfh
(2) Studies on Marxism- (November. 2008)
(3) The Inherent Mechanism of Marxist Sinicization
(Sur Tanghou a&;)
(4) &mpkopf- wkwforkdif;tusOf; (twGJ- 3)
130
131
10/3/08
132
133