C QUAN HP TC QUC T NHT BN (JICA) CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

BO CO TIN (2) Tp 01

Thng 3 nm 2011

CNG TY TNHH NIPPON KOEI CNG TY TNHH YACHIYO ENGINEERING

Bn v tr khu vc d n

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Mc lc
Bn khu vc d n Danh mc cc Bng Danh mc cc Hnh Danh mc cc t vit tt Chng 1 Gii thiu chung 1 1.1 C s lun chng v mc tiu ca Nghin cu 1 1.2 Ni dung ca Nghiu cu Qun l mi trng th (SUEM) 1 1.2.1 Khu vc Nghin cu 1 1.2.2 Cc ch ca SUEM 1 1.2.3 K hoch ca SUEM 2 1.2.4 Thnh phn nhm Nghin cu JICA 4 1.3 Bo co tin (2) 4 Chng 2 Cc phng php tip cn k thut ca SUEM 5 2.1 Phng php tip cn -1 5 2.2 Phng php tip cn -2 5 2.3 Phng php tip cn -3 7 2.4 Phng php tip cn -4 8 2.5 Phng php tip cn -5 9 Chng 3 Tin ca SUEM n thng 3 nm 2011 10 3.1 Tin chung ca SUEM 10 3.2 Tin ca SUEM theo tng ngnh/ ch nghin cu 14 3.2.1 Tin Nghin cu v Tng quan v nhim nc 14 3.2.2 Tin Nghin cu v Qun l lu vc sng ti ba lu vc sng chnh 14 3.2.3 Tin Nghin cu v Qun l nc thi cng nghip 16 3.2.4 Tin ca Nghin cu v qun l cht thi rn 17 3.2.5 Tin ca Nghin cu v Qun l cht lng khng kh 20 3.2.6 Tin ca Nghin cu v gii php nt c chai cho cc d n CDM 22 3.2.7 Tin Nghin cu v ng dng v Qun l dng chy ti thiu 24 3.2.8 Tin Nghin cu l trnh thnh lp Ban qun l lu vc sng 25 3.2.9 Tin Nghin cu ng ph vi bin i kh hu trong pht trin c s h tng qun l mi trng th 26 3.2.10 Tin nghin cu v cp thot nc 28 Chng 4 K hoch hot ng ca Nghin cu trong giai on tip theo 29

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Danh mc cc Bng Bng 1-1: Bng 1-2: Bng 1-3: Bng 2-1 Bng 3-1 Bng 3-2 Bng 3-3 Bng 3-4 Bng 3-5 Bng 3-6 Bng 3-7 Bng 3-8 Cc ch Nghin cu v khu vc nghin cu Thnh phn nhm nghin cu JICA Ni dung bo co tin 2 (P/R (2)) Hin trng khung php l v qun l cht lng nc Vit Nam Cc c quan / t chc cung cp thng tin v cc a im tin hnh kho st thu thp thng tin/ s liu n thng 3 nm 2011 Tm tt cc Hp ng t vn Ni dung kho st v qun l lu vc sng Ni dung kho st v qun l cht thi rn th Ni dung kho st v qun l cht thi rn cng nghip v cht thi v nc thi y t Ni dung kho st lu lng giao thng ti thnh ph H Ch Minh Ni dung o c kh thi nh my ti thnh ph H Ni Cc vn bn lin quan n dng chy ti thiu Danh mc cc Hnh Hnh 1-1: Hnh 1-2: Hnh 2-1: Hnh 3-1 Hnh 3-2 Cc lnh vc / ch ca Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th K hoch tng qut ca Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Chng trnh qun l cht thi rn thng qua gim thiu cht thi v xc tin 3R Nghin cu v khi nim dng chy , gii php cho nt tht c chai ca cc d n CDM ti Vit Nam Quy trnh tip cn nghin cu v nh hng kh hu

ii

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Danh mc cc t vit tt Air MP Study BIZA CCFSC CEM CEMM CEMMA CEN TEMA DARD DF/R DN DOC DONREs DIZA DMHCC DWRM EPA F/R HACEM HA-DONRE HN HCMC HEPA HEPZA HP IC/R ICD IWRM IEZA ISPONRE ISWM IT/R MARD MOC MONRE MPI MSWM MWWM JICA JST RBCs PCD P/R RBC RBEP Nghin cu quy hoch qun l cht lng khng kh Ban qun l khu cng nghip tnh B Ra Vng Tu y ban phng chng lt bo trung ng Trung tm quan trc mi trng (MONRE) Trung tm quan trc v m phng mi trng (i hc khoa hc H Ni) Trung tm quan trc v phn tch ti nguyn v mi trng H Ni (DONRE) Trung tm cng ngh v qun l mi trng (i hc Vn Lang) S Nng nghip v pht trin nng thn (ti cc tnh) D tho bo co tng kt Da Nng S Xy dng (ti cc tnh) S Ti nguyn Mi trng Ban qun l khu cng nghip tnh ng Nai Cc kh tng thy vn v bin i kh hu (MONRE) Cc Qun l ti nguyn nc (MONRE) Chi cc Bo v mi trng (DONRE) Bo co tng kt Trung tm quan trc mi trng Hi Phng Hi Phng DONRE H Ni H Ch Minh Thnh ph H Ch Minh Ban qun l khu cng nghip v khu ch xut thnh ph H Ch Minh Hi Phng Bo co khi ng V hp tc quc t Qun l tng hp ti nguyn nc Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip v khu ch xut Vin chnh sch v chin lc Ti nguyn v mi trng (MONRE) Qun l cht thi rn cng nghip Bo co gia k B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn B Xy dng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng B K hoch v u t Qun l cht thi rn th Qun l cht thi v nc thi y t C quan hp tc quc t Nht Bn Nhm Nghin cu JICA y ban lu vc sng Cc kim sot nhim (VEA) Bo co tin y ban lu vc sng Bo v mi trng lu vc sng

iii

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

SEVEPA SP-RCC SUEM SWM TOR TTH IPA URENCO VAST IET VEA VEPF 3R

Chi cc bo v mi trng min ng Nam b (MONRE) Chng trnh h tr ng ph vi bin i kh hu Nghin cu qun l mi trng th Vit Nam Qun l cht thi rn Ti liu tham kho Ban qun l khu cng nghip tnh Tha Thin Hu Cng ty mi trng th Vin cng ngh mi trng/ Vin khoa hc cng ngh Vit Nam (MONRE) Tng cc mi trng Qu bo v mi trng Vit Nam Gim thiu, ti s dng, ti ch

iv

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Chng 1 Gii thiu chung

1.1 C s lun chng v cc mc tiu ca Nghin cu Nht Bn v Vit Nam ang cng thc hin nhiu d n hp tc v cp thot nc, x l nc thi, qun l cht lng khng kh, qun l cht thi rn nhm ci thin qun l mi trng th ti cc thnh ph ln Vit Nam. Chng trnh h tr quc gia do Nht Bn xy dng cho Vit Nam nm 2009 t qun l v ci thin mi trng l mt trong nhng lnh vc hp tc chnh. Xt n xu hng suy thoi mi trng do th ho v cng nghip ho nhanh Vit Nam, chng trnh ny nu r, hp tc qun l mi trng th l pht trin/phc hi c s h tng cng nh xy dng nng lc qun l hnh chnh v mt mi trng th tt hn. phc v mc ch ny, cn phi xem xt hin trng, cc vn cn tn ti cng nh lm r xu hng trong tng lai gii quyt hp l cc vn qun l mi trng th Vit Nam, t c th xy dng v thit k cc hot ng hp tc v cc d n gia hai nc ty theo tnh cp bch v mc u tin ca tng nhu cu khc nhau trong qun l mi trng th. Vi nhn thc trn, Nghin cu v qun l mi trng th ti Vit Nam (SUEM) nhm mc ch i) xem xt hin trng lnh vc qun l mi trng th Vit Nam tp trung vo cng tc ban hnh v thc thi chnh sch, xy dng v thc hin d n, vn hnh v bo tr cc c s h tng, trang thit b v ii) xc nh cc vn v xut ng li ph hp trong xy dng cc d n hp tc trong lnh vc ny. 1.2 1.2.1 Ni dung Nghin cu Khu vc nghin cu Khu vc nghin cu gm i) nm (5) thnh ph H Ni, Hi Phng, Nng, Hu v thnh ph H Ch Minh (HCM), ii) cc tnh xung quanh thnh ph H Ch Minh nh ng Nai, B Ra Vng Tu v Bnh Dng, v iii) cc lu vc sng Cu, Nhu - y, ng Nai - Si Gn, (xem bn ). Cc ch Nghin cu SUEM bao gm cc nghin cu thnh phn cho tng lnh vc/ ch qun l mi trng th v nu r cc khu vc nghin cu tng ng vi mi lnh vc/ ch . Tuy vy, khu vc nghin cu ca mt s ch khng c nu r do c th ca lnh vc/ch

1.2.2

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

M c tiu chng trnh Cc lnh v c/ch

((Mc tiu d nh) M c gim thi nhim cn thit cc th Vit Nam

Mi trng nc

Qun l cht lng khng kh

Cc ch lin quan n SP-RCC-

Qun l l u v c sng -Qun l mi trng l u v c sng -Hin trng qun l ti nguyn nc C p thot nc Nc thi cng nghip Nc thi y t

Qun l cht thi rn

Gii php nt c chai CDM ng ph vi bin i kh h ln h tng qun l mi trng th p dng dng chy ti thiu

Qun l cht thi sinh hot Qun l cht thi cng nghip Qun l cht thi y t

L trnh y ban l u v c sng

Pht tri n ngun nhn l c

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA Ghi ch: SP-RCC: Chng trnh h tr ng ph bin i kh hu Hnh 1-1 Cc lnh vc/ ch ca SUEM Bng 1-1 Cu trc ca SUEM v khu vc nghin cu Lnh vc/ Ch Khu vc nghin cu
Qun l lu vc sng - Qun l mi trng lu vc sng - Hin trang qun l ti nguyn nc Cp thot nc Cht thi cng nghip/ Y t Qun l cht thi rn Ba (3) lu vc sng Lu vc sng Cu Lu vc sng Nhu - y Lu vc sng ng Nai Si Gn

Nm (5) thnh ph H Ni, Hi Phng, Nng, Hu, thnh ph H Ch Minh Ba (3) tnh ng Nai, B Ra Vng Tu, Bnh Dng

Qun l cht lng khng kh

Hai (2) thnh ph H Ni, thnh ph H Ch Minh Khng ch ra khu vc nghin cu

Ch lin quan n SP-RCC

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA Ghi ch: SP-RCC: Chng trnh h tr ng ph bin i kh hu 1.2.3 K hoch ca SUEM SUEM c tin hnh trong vng mt nm ri t thng 3 nm 2010 n thng 9 nm 2011. Cng vic ca SUEM c chia lm hai (2) giai on. Giai on mt l t thng 3 n thng 11 nm 2010 tm hiu hin trng v pht hin cc vn trong tng lnh vc/ ch qun l th. Ngc li, giai on hai (2) xut cc bin php v hng ci thin mi trng th trong mi lnh vc nghin cu. Hnh tip theo m t k hoch ca SUEM theo tng lnh vc/ ch nghin cu..

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

2010

2011

1
Inoue Norihiko

2
Shoji Tadasih

3
Masayuki OGINO

4
Yamauchi Hisashi

5
Hamada Yoshinosuke

6
Ikeguchi Takashi

7
Takahashi Keiichi

8
Ishikawa Masaru

9 10 11 12
Yuko NOZUE Yasuhiro AZUMA Masayuki OGINO

N i dung cng vic 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Tm tt cng tc chu n b Thu th p cc thng tin c b n v cc ngnh Vit Nam Hin trng v cc v n m cc c quan th c hin ca m i ngnh ang ph i i mt Xy d ng chnh sch iu tra Chu n b bo co kh i ng (IC/R) Gii trnh v th i lu n v IC/R Cp thot n c v x l n c th i Xc nh hin trng nhim ch t lng n c t i cc thnh ph v khu cng nghip mc tiu Thu th p d liu v thng tin s n c, ph ng v n cc c quan lin quan Phn tch hin trng v xc nh v n v cp thot n c Nghin cu hin trng, cc v n n y sinh v cc v n cn gii quy t ca cc d n vay v n ti tr khc ca JICA ang c tin hnh trong khu v c nghin cu xu t nh h ng v cc bin php nh m ci thin h tng cp thot n c Xc nh hin trng v cc v n v ci thin n c th i cng nghip v n c th i y t Nc th i cng nghip Nc th i y t Qu n l lu v c sng Hiu c hin tr ng ba lu v c sng Tin hnh ph ng v n kh o st v qu n l lu v c sng t i ba lu v c Phn tch hin trng v xc nh v n v qu n l lu v c sng ti ba lu v c Khuy n ngh cc cch tip cn tin hnh thu n li cc k ho ch qu n l lu v c sng ba lu v c Nghin cu qu n l lu v c sng trn quan i m qu n l ti nguyn n c Qu n l ch t th i rn Xc nh hin trng thu gomG, v n chuy n v tiu h y ch t th i rn t i cc thnh ph v khu cng nghip mc tiu Thu th p cc ti liu, d li u s n c v ph ng v n cc c quan lin quan Kh o st ly mu Phn tch hin trng, rt ra cc v n ti cc thnh ph v khu cng nghip mc tiu xu t nh h ng v cc bin php xy d ng quy ho ch SWM v pht trin cc c s SWM ti cc thnh ph v khu cng nghip mc tiu Xc nh hin trng, rt ra cc v n v xu t cc bin php cho ch t th i cng nghip v ch t th i y t Qu n l ch t lng khng kh Nghin cu hin trng nhim khng kh H N i v thnh ph H Ch Minh Thu th p cc thng tin s liu s n c v ph ng v n cc c quan lin quan Phn tch giao thng thnh ph H Ch Minh, o c th c t o kh th i ti H N i v cc vng ln cn, o c th c t Phn tch hin trng v rt ra cc v n v qu n l ch t lng khng kh ti cc thnh ph mc tiu (H N i v H Ch Minh) xu t nh h ng v cc bin php qu n l ch t lng khng kh t i cc thnh ph mc tiu (H N i v H Ch Minh) Bin i kh h u Nghin cu gii php nt c chai ca cc d n CDM Nghin cu ng ph v i bin i kh h u trong vic pht tri n h tng v qu n l mi trng th Nghin cu vic thnh lp y ban lu v c sng Nghin cu ch s dng ch y t i thiu Nghin cu v pht trin ngu n nhn lc trong qu n l mi trng th (c trnh by trong m i bo co nghin cu chuyn ngnh) Nghin cu v phaant ch hin trng, xc nh v n v ngu n nhn lc ti cc t ch c lin quan xu t v pht trin ngu n nhn lc ti cc t ch c lin quan Gii thch kt qu nghin cu ca m i ngnh Xy d ng, gii thch v th o lu n i v i m i bo co chuyn Xy d ng v n p bo co t ng kt Lm vic ti Vi t Nam Lm vic t i Nh t Bn

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

Hnh 1-2 K hoch tin hnh SUEM (cp nht thng 3 nm 2011) 3
Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

1.2.4

Cn b nhm nghin cu JICA Bng di l k hoch lm vic ca thnh vin nhm nghin cu JICA trong thi gian tin hnh SUEM. Bng 1-2 K hoch t chc cn b nhm nghin cu JICA

Giai on

2010 TT Tiu Tn chuyn gia 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4

2011 5 6 7 8 9

Giai doan 1

Nghi Tet

Giai doan 2 Trng nhm/ 1 Qu n l mi trng t h 2 Qu n l lu vc sng ( mi trng nc/ qun l nc thi cng nghip )

Norihiko INOUE Tadashi SHOJI Masayuki OGINO Hisashi YAMAUCHI Yoshinosuke HAMADA Takashi IKEGUCHI Keiichi TAKAHASHI Masaru ISHIKAWA Yuko NOZUE Norio TAKAYANAGI Yasuhiro AZUMA Masayuki OGINO

3 Cp thot nc/ thot nc th

4 Qu n l ch t th i rn

Staff and Work Schedule

5 Qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p

6 Qu n l ch t th i y t/ X l nc th i y t

7 Qu n l ch t lng khng kh

8 Bi n i kh h u/ i u phi (2) o c kh thi/ kh o st giao thng/ i u phi Qu n l lu vc sng (Qun l ti nguyn nc/ ki m sot l lt)

10

11 T chc v th ch qun l lu vc sng

12 Qu n l dng chy ti thi u

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

1.3

Bo co tin (2) Bo co tin (2) c xy dng gii thch tin SUEM n thng 3 nm 2011 bao gm cc nh hng gii quyt cc vn da trn cc thng tin, s liu thu thp c v hin trng ca tng ngnh/ ch nghin cu. Ni dung bo co c trnh by di y bao gm tn cc tp bo co chnh trong b Bo co tin (2) ny. Bng 1-3 Ni dung ca bo co SUEM (P/R (2))
Tp 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 Tn cc bo co ngnh/ ch trong b bo co SUEM <d kin> Bo co chnh Bo co tng quan v nhim nc Bo co nghin cu v cp thot nc Bo co nghin cu v qun l lu vc sng ti ba lu vc sng Bo co nghin cu v qun l nc thi cng nghip Bo co nghin cu ngnh qun l cht thi rn Bo co nghin cu qun l cht lng khng kh Bo co nghin cu v gi php nt c chai ca cc d n CDM Bo co nghin cu v ng ph vi bin i kh hu trong pht trin h tng qun l mi trng th Bo co nghin cu v ng dng qun l dng chy ti thiu Bo co nghin cu l trnh thnh lp y ban lu vc sng P/R (2) O O O O O O -

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA *1:Bn ny c coi l d tho bo co tng kt

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Chng 2
2.1

Phng php tip cn ca SUEM

Phng php tip cn th nht: xut v l trnh v k hoch hot ng v hp tc k thut v ti chnh trong qun l mi trng th Nh nu trn, cc th Vit Nam, ngy cng thy r cc vn mi trng do nh hng ca tng trng kinh t v th ho nhanh vi mc trung bnh 7% trong vng mi nm tr li y. Cht lng nc sng v knh o cc th b suy thoi do nc thi sinh hot v cng nghip c thi trc tip m cha qua x l. Cht lng khng kh cng gim st, vt qu gii hn cho php khng ch trung tm th, m cn khu vc dn c. Cht thi rn c nhiu vn cn tn ti nh cha bin php i ph vi s gia tng nc thi v cht thi c hi cha qua x l, thiu c s thit b x l v cc bin php mi trng ph hp. Hn na s dn th Vit Nam sng ti nm thnh ph ln l H Ni, H Ch Minh, Hi Phng, Nng, Hu, v th, nhim mi trng ti cc thnh ph ny v cc khu vc ph cn ngy cng xu i. Chnh ph Vit Nam v ang i ph vi cc vn mi trng th bng nhiu gii php khc nhau nh thnh lp B Ti nguyn Mi trng, xy dng chin lc bo v mi trng, sa i lut bo v mi trng. Mt s d n v lnh vc qun l mi trng th c thc hin vi vn vay ODA t Nht Bn. Tuy nhin, mi trng th vn tip tc suy thoi do tng trng kinh t nhanh, tng dn s cao hn mc 1.3% tng hng nm, v s chm tr trong pht trin c s h tng th. Mc d chnh ph Nht Bn h tr Vit Nam vi nhiu d n cho vay ODA pht trin cc c s phng chng v gim thiu nhim mi trng th, nhng vn cn nhiu vn v vn hnh, bo tr, qun l cc c s x l nc thi v h thng x thi ny, ngoi ra, t l thc hin cc dch v ny cn rt thp. Thiu nng lc thc hin qun l mi trng cng l mt vn trong qun l mi trng th, bao gm c "gim st, nh gi, phn tch" => "xy dng chnh sch v k hoch" => "thc hin cc bin php". Trong Nghin cu ny, d tho l trnh trin khai cc bin php h tr k thut v ti chnh s c xut nhm xy dng chng trnh v qun l mi trng th, c xt n s cc d n hp tc ODA do Nht Bn ti tr trc y v nhu cu ca chnh ph Vit Nam. Trong iu kin ny, nhng vn cn thit s c chn b trong SUEM nhm kim tra hp tc pht trin vi Nht Bn sau ny, ch yu cc d n ODA ca Nht Bn: . a) b) c) D tho ti liu ngnh v qun l mi trng th xut cc bin php v qun l mi trng th tt hn D tho k hoch hnh ng v k hoch thc hin cc bin php xut nu trn

2.2

Phng php tip cn th 2: xut cc gii php tng hp v nhim nc Vit Nam c h thng php lut c bn v qun l cht lng nc. Tuy nhin, khng th ni rng cc hot ng kim sot ngun nhim gp phn gim thiu nhim mt cch hiu qu.

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Bng 2-1 Hin trng H thng php lut v qun l cht lng nc Vit Nam Hin trng Hng mc
Tiu chun cht lng nc Tiu chun dng thi H thng thanh tra X pht hnh chnh Tiu chun cht lng nc mt c quy nh ti QCVN 08: 2008/BTNMT. Tiu chun nc ngm c quy nh tiQCVN 09:2008/BTNMT. Tiu chun dng thi i vi tng ngnh cng nghip c quy nh ti QCVN 24: 2009/BTNMT. H thng thanh tra c quy nh trong "Lut Thanh tra" (thng 6/2004), v Ngh nh 41/2005/ND-CP "Quy nh v hng dn p dng Lut Thanh tra". X pht hnh chnh c quy nh trong Quy nh s 80/2006/PL-UBTQH10 v "Quy nh x pht hnh chnh", Ngh nh s134/ 2003/ ND-CP Ngh nh v x pht hnh chnh v Ngh nh s 117/2009/ND-CP v X l vi phm php lut trong bo v mi trng Cc bin php bo v mi trng c quy nh ti Ngh nh s 80 "Quy nh v Hng dn p dng Lut bo v mi trng" v thng t s . 05/ 2008/ TT-BTNMT hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng v Ngh nh s 21/2008/ND-CP hng dn v b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/ 2006. Qun l lu vc c quy nh ti Ngh nh s 120/2008/ND-CP. H thng h tr ti chnh nhm s dng ngn sch Nh nc kim sot ngun nhim c quy nh ti Ngh nh s 64/2003QD-TTg v Thng t s 7 /2007/TT-BTNMT. Qu bo v mi trng Vit Nam (VEPF) l h thng h tr ti chnh nhm xy dng cho cc c s nhng thit b kim sot nhim. Tiu chun k thut Vit Nam quy nh cc phng php phn tch cht lng nc c xy dng theo tng thng s.

Cc bin php bo v mi trng

Qun l lu vc H thng h tr ti chnh Bin php phn tch cht lng nc

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

Da vo hin trng, SUEM s xut kin cho cc lnh vc lin quan n mi trng nc ci thin cc vn trnh by di y, cng nh cc nh hng v/hoc cc bin php thc hin. a) Hin ti, cc bin php kim sot nhim c p dng thng qua cc vn bn php lut v kim sot nhim nh Ngh nh s 64/2003/QD-TTg, nhng khng phi tt c cc ngun nhim mc tiu u c p dng do thiu c s d liu c bn xc nh cc ngun nhim ny. Cn nng cao h thng kim sot cc ngun nhim nghim trng. b) Nc thi sinh hot thng c x thi vo ngun nc cng cng m cha qua x l do thiu c s h tng gip gim ti lng nhim t cc ngun nhim. V vy, cn xy dng c s h tng cn thit qun l cht lng nc. c) Cc h thng h tr ti chnh nh Qu bo v mi trng Vit Nam (VEPF) cn c tng cng gp phn qun l cht lng nc. d) H thng php lut hin thnh v qun l cht lng nc cn c nh gi v chnh sa khi cn thit. V d, Lut thanh tra quy nh trc khi tin hnh thanh tra, cc i tng thanh tra phi c thng bo trc. Nh vy, nu tin hnh ng lut, th kh c th thc hin kim tra t xut. e) thc hin yu cu ca h thng qun l cht lng nc, cn nng cao nng lc ca tng cn b v chnh quyn a phng v qun l cht lng nc, MONRE nn c chng trnh pht trin nng lc c th cho i tng ny. f) Vic cng b thng tin cn c s dng hiu qu qun l cht lng nc, v d nh cng b trng hp x pht hnh chnh ca cng ty Vedan. 1.

Vedan Vit Nam, cng ty do i Loan u t sn xut v bt ngt, x nc thi khng qua x l xung sng Th Vi, lm nh hng n nui trng thy sn v iu kin sng ti ia phng. MONRE thanh tra tnh trng x nc thi ca Veodan Vit Nam v cng b kt qu thanh tra trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng. Khi thng tin ny c cng b, d lun gy sc p v yu cu p dng x pht vi phm hnh chnh viVedan Vit Nam

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

2.3

Phng php tip cn th 3: Cung cp chng trnh SWM cng vi vic gim thiu cht thi bng cch thc y 3R. Gim thiu v ti ch cht thi l vn cp thit Vit Nam. Vn chnh ca cht thi thnh ph l tui th ca cc bi chn lp cht thi rn thng rt hn ch. Vic thc y 3R (gim, ti s dng v ti ch) c nu r trong Quyt nh s 2149/Q-TTg ca Th tng chnh ph v chin lc qun l cht thi rn tng hp ti nm 2025 v Tm nhn ti nm 2050. Chng trnh SWM xem xt cc bin php gim thiu cht thi thng qua vic thc y 3R c th hin trong hnh di y. Trn c s phn tch hin trng khu vc nghin cu, cc phng php la chn k thut cho tng ni dung di y s c trnh by.

<Cht thi thnh ph>

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

Hnh 2-1 Chng trnh SWM vi vic gim thiu cht thi bng cch thc y 3R 1. Phn loi cht thi ti ngun, ti s dng v ti ch <cc bin php giai on pht thi> 2. Gim thiu v ti ch rc hu c (bao gm c ch bin phn hu c), vn hnh hiu qu vic thu gom, vn chuyn rc thi gm u t vo trm trung chuyn cht thi, gim cht thi/kh cht c/ti to nng lng bng cch t, ti ch cc cht c th ti ch <cc bin php giai on x l cht thi> 3. X thi hp l, thu kh cc bi chn lp v.v. <cc bin php giai on tiu hy cht thi> <Cht thi cng nghip v cht thi y t> Cc bin php sau s c kim tra c tnh n kh nng gim thiu cht thi ti ngun, cc bin php x l, tiu hy cht thi ph hp. 1. Gim thiu cht thi ti ngun v gim kh GHG bng cch thc y 3R (i vi cht thi cng nghip khng c hi) a. Thc y vic thu thp, trao i, ti ch cc cht c th ti ch (st ph thi, giy v nha ph thi v.v) b. Gim kh GHG/methane bng cch sp xp v thu kh GHG t bi chn lp rc thi. 7
Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

c. Thc y cc hot ng nghin cu v pht trin v cng ngh ti ch 2. u t c s h tng a. u t c s x l cht thi cng nghip b. p dng x l bng cch t v x l nhit cc cht thi c gi tr nhit cao (cao su, nha v.v) c. Thc y khu cng nghip sinh thi d. Thc y hot ng nghin cu v pht trin i vi cc cht c hi 3. Qun l cht thi cng nghip c hi a. Tng cng p dng quy nh v cht thi c hi (kim sot, gim st v x pht) b. m bo p dng h thng r rng (lm r trch nhim ca ngi to ra cht thi, tng cng c ch ph duyt i vi cc cng ty thu gom/vn chuyn v lu tr/x l/tiu hy) 4. Qun l cht thi y t (cht thi ly nhim) a. Tng cng p dng quy nh v cht thi y t (gim thiu cht thi, phn loi cht thi ti ngun, lu tr/x thi, x l v tiu hy ph hp) b. Thng nht x l cht thi y t ti cc c s x l ln (l t rc), u t thit b c s tiu hy/x l cht thi y t. 2.4 Phng php tip cn th 4: Nghin cu (cc) vng u tin v (cc) hnh ng tng cng qun l cht lng khng kh nhim khng kh c coi l vn ni cm, nht l khi cc ngun ng gy nhim khng kh cc thnh ph ln nh H Ni v H Ch Minh ngy cng gia tng. H thng lut php v th ch trong qun l cht lng khng kh ang trong qu trnh pht trin Vit Nam. Tuy nhin, cn y mnh vic pht trin c s tip cn hnh chnh nh tp hp v gii thch s liu gim st khng kh. Da trn nhng hiu bit trn, Nht Bn ang hp tc vi Vit Nam trong lnh v ci thin v qun l cht lng khng kh v nhng hp tc sau ny. Nghin cu trong lnh vc ny ang c thc hin trn quan im nhm ci thin hn na hp tc vi Nht Bn v qun l cht lng khng kh nh sau: (1) H tr cho cc hot ng ca Cc Kim sot nhim thuc B Ti Nguyn v Mi Trng (PCD/MONRE) T nm 2009 n 2010, Cc Kim sot nhim thc hin nhiu hot ng xy dng chin lc khng kh quc gia vi s hp tc ca JICA v c vn JICA ti B Ti nguyn v mi trng. V th, mt trong nhng mc tiu ca Nghin cu ny l h tr Cc kim sot nhim xy dng chin lc quc gia ni trn bao gm cc h tr k thut v kho st thc a (v d: kho st lu lng giao thng ti H Ni do c thc hin bi mt n v t vn ti H Ni k hp ng vi JICA) di s gim st ca Cc kim sot nhim. Mt kho st na do n v t vn quc t ca B Mi trng Nht Bo tin hnh trong khun kh nghin cu nhm tng cng hp tc vi Cc kim sot nhim. (2) H tr xy dng Quy hoch qun l cht lng khng kh Nghin cu Quy hoch qun l cht lng khng kh (Air MP Study) c thc hin ti H Ni v thnh ph H Ch Minh di khun kh hp tc k thut dnh cho cc Nghin cu pht trin ca JICA. Mt trong nhng mc tiu ca Nghin cu l chun b cho Nghin cu Quy hoch qun l cht lng khng kh c tin hnh thun li. Cng vic chun b bao gm kho st thc a v lu lng giao thng ti thnh ph H Ch Minh v o pht thi kh ti cc nh my H Ni. Cng vic ny c thc hin qua n v t vn.

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

2.5

Chnh ph Nht Bn thng qua Chng trnh h tr ng ph bin i kh hu (SP-RCC) cho Vit Nam. Chnh ph Vit Nam ang tin hnh rt nhiu cc bin php v hnh ng chnh sch khc nhau theo c ch SP-RCC nhm i ph vi bin i kh hu. Tuy nhin, cc hot ng ny vn cn c h tr trong thi gian ti. V th, mt s nghin cu c tin hnh c lp di y ang c trin khai nhm h tr cc hot ng ny ca Vit Nam. Nghin cu gii php ca cc d n CDM Cho ti nay hn 120 d n CDM c lp k hoch hoc ang c thc hin ti Vit Nam. Tuy nhin, hu nh tt c cc d n ny cha c ang k bi Ban iu hnh CDM. V th, Nghin cu s xem xt cc kh khn ca cc d n CDM ti Vit Nam nh nghin cu cc chnh sch v quy nh hin hnh v bin i kh hu. Cc xut v gii php cho cc vn ny chnh l kt qu ca Nghin cu.

(1)

(2)

Nghin cu ng ph vi bin i kh hu trong pht trin h tng qun l mi trng th Ngn hng th gii nh gi Vit Nam l mt trong nc chu nh hng ln ca bin i kh hu xt v iu kin a l v a hnh vi ng b bin di v nhiu lu vc sng. V th, trong thit k v quy hoch pht trin h tng, khng th b qua vic nh gi tc ng ca bin i kh hu. V th, mc tiu nghin cu nhm hiu c nhng hng mc thc hin giai on qui hoch/ thit k chng li bin i kh hu, cng nh xy dng cc iu khon tham chiu (TOR) i vi dch v t vn ng ph vi bin i kh hu, nhm pht trin h tng qun l mi trng th nh cc c s cp thot nc, v qun l cht thi rn.

(3)

Nghin cu v l trnh thnh lp y ban lu vc sng Chnh ph Vit Nam ban hnh ngh nh 120/2008/N-CP thng 12 nm 2008 qui nh thnh lp lu vc sng hin thc ha vic lp k hoch v thc hin qun l tng hp lu vc sng v cc d n lu vc sng. Cho n thng 11 nm 2010, y ban lu vc sng ca cc lu vc sng vn cha c thnh lp. V th, Nghin cu s xut l trnh thnh lp cc y ban lu vc sng theo ngh nh trn, sau khi nm c tnh hnh ca cc t chc v i tng lin quan, xc nh cc vn ny sinh khi thnh lp cc y ban ny v xut cc hnh ng c th.

(4)

Nghin cu v ng dng v qun l dng chy ti thiu trn sng V Vit Nam vn thiu cc nguyn tc v lut nh v dng chy ti thiu trn sng , nn cc ti liu hng dn tnh ton dng chy ti thiu trn sng ang c nghin cu v xut. Cn nhc nhng iu kin hin ti ca Vit Nam, xem xt nhng kinh nghim nc ngoi, v nhng khi nim v dng chy ti thiu trn sng ti Vit Nam, hng dn qun l dng chy ti thiu trn sng c xy dng. D tho k hoch nghin cu kim tra dng chy ti thiu trn sng Ba (d kin) c coi l ng dng th nghim ca ti liu hng dn ny.

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

CHNG 3 TIN CA SUEM N THNG 11 NM 2010

3.1 Tin chung ca SUEM 1. Cng vic chun b v khi ng ca SUEM Bo co khi ng (IC/R) c xy dng khi bt u SUEM vo thng 3 nm 2010, da trn nhng thng tin v d liu c trc khi trin khai SUEM. Bui hp khi ng Nghin cu c t chc vo ngy 2 thng 4 nm 2010 vi s tham gia ca V Hp tc quc t thuc B Ti nguyn v Mi trng. Bo co khi ng ca Nghin cu c trnh by ti cuc hp nhm gii thiu cc mc tiu v k hoch ca SUEM cng nh tho lun thc hin SUEM gia JICA, nhm nghin cu JICA (JST), v c quan Vit Nam c lin quan. 2. Thu thp thng tin v d liu

D liu v thng tin theo cc lnh vc/ ch ca SUEM c thu thp tm hiu hin trng khu vc nghin cu. Nhng thng tin v d liu c thu thp qua cc bui hp v gp mt vi cc c quan c thm quyn cp trung ng v a phng. Nhiu chuyn kho st thc a c tin hnh nm r c hin trng mi trng v nhim in hnh Bng di y lit k nhng c nhn/t chc lm vic v cung cp thng tin cho JST v cc v tr c JST kho st tnh n thng 03 nm 2011. Bng 3-1 Danh sch cc c nhn/ t chc lm vic v cung cp thng tin Lnh vc/ Ch
nhim nc

n thng 11 nm 2010 C quan

- Tng cc mi trng, Vin khoa hc v cng ngh mi trng (VEA, MONRE) - Trung tm quan trc mi trng (CEM) - Vn phng quyt nh 64 (VEA, MONRE), Cc qun l ti nguyn nc, MONRE (DWRM) - Trung tm quan trc v phn tch mi trng H Ni, DONRE (CENMA) - B K hoch v u t (MPI) Cc Kinh t i ngoi - Chi cc bo v mi trng Nng - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip v ch xut Nng (DIEPZA) - S ti nguyn v mi trng tnh Tha Thin Hu. - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip Tha Thin Hu - Ban qun l khu cng nghip Thng Long - Chi cc bo v mi trng thnh ph H Ch Minh (HEPA, DONRE) - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip v khu ch xut thnh ph H Ch Minh - S Ti nguyn mi trng thnh ph Hi Phng - S ti nguyn v mi trng tnh B Ra Vng Tu - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip B Ra - S ti nguyn v mi trng ng Nai - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip ng Nai Vng Tu - S ti nguyn v mi trng tnh Bnh Dng

Kho st thc a
-Knh, hin trng nhim Than Hu

10

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Lnh vc/ Ch

C quan
- Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip H Ni - Khu cng nghip bc Thng Long - S ti nguyn v mi trng Bc Giang - S ti nguyn v mi trng Thi Nguyn - S ti nguyn v mi trng Nam nh - S ti nguyn v mi trng Ninh Bnh - V khoa hc, gio dc, ti nguyn v Mi trng, B k hoch v u t - Ban qun l khu cng nghip Hi Phng - Ban qun l khu kinh t Hi Phng -VIWASEEN (T nhn, H Ni) -DOC, Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin cp thot nc Hi Phng (thnh ph Hi Phng) -DOC, Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin cp nc Nng (thnh ph Nng) -VIWACO, Gamuda (H Ni) - DOC, Cng ty TNHH Nh nc mt thnh vin xy dng v cp nc, Cng ty TNHH Nh nc mi trng v cng trnh th (Tnh Tha Thin Hu) -DOC, Cng ty cp thot nc H Ni (thnh ph H Ni) - -Tng cc mi trng, MONRE - Trung tm quan trc mi trng - Cc qun l ti nguyn nc - Trung tm quan trc v phn tch ti nguyn mi trng H Ni - Chi cc bo v mi trng Nng - Chi cc bo v mi trng Tha Thin Hu - S ti nguyn v mi trng ng Nai - S ti nguyn v mi trng Bnh Dng - S ti nguyn v mi trng Bc Giang - S ti nguyn v mi trng Thi Nguyn - S ti nguyn v mi trng Nam nh - S ti nguyn v mi trng Ninh Bnh - B k hoch v u t - Chi cc qun l cng trnh thy li, DWRM, MONRE - y ban phng chng lt bo trung ng (CCFSC) -Tng cc Thy sn, MARD - Cc chn nui, MARD - Hanoi DARD -Bac Kan DARD -Dong Nai DARD

Kho st thc a

Cp thot nc

Qun l lu vc sng

- Hin trng

B Ra - Vng Tu

- Kho st thc a sng ng Nai, Sng Si Gn -Lu vc sng Cu (th x Bc Kn) -H Ni Cc ti sng Cng (lu vc sng Cu), tnh Thi Nguyn -Sng Thi Bnh ti huyn Ph Li, tnh Hi Dng (hp ngun vi sng Cu) -H Sng My (huyn Trng Bom) ti lu vc sng ng Nai - Cng Lin Mc ti sng Nhu y (huyn Thanh Tr, H Ni)

Qun l nc thi cng nghip

- - Vn phng quyt nh 64, VEA, MONRE - Phng qun l bo v mi trng, B k hoch v u t - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip Nng - Khu cng nghip Thng Long - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip H Ni - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip Hi Phng - S Ti nguyn v Mi trng thnh ph Hi Phng

- - Thm khu cng nghip bc Thng Long Thm trung tm x l nc thi trong cc khu cng nghip B Ra Vng Tu, khu cng nghip M Xun, Ban qun l khu cng nghip ng Nai, khu cng nghip M Xun

11

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Lnh vc/ Ch

C quan
- S ti nguyn v mi trng B Ra Vng Tu - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip B Ra Vng Tu - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip ng Nai - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip thnh ph H Ni - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip thnh ph Hi Phng Ban qun l khu kinh t Hi Phng

Kho st thc a

Qun l cht thi - -Phng k thut h tng v qun l cng trnh ngm, S -Tt c cc bi rc v nh my ch bin phn hu c H Ni, Hi rn
xy dng H Ni Ni - Chi cc bo v mi trng Hi Phng - Cng ty mi trng th Hi Phng - Cng ty mi trng th Nng - Trung tm hp tc quc t, y ban nhn dn thnh ph Hu - Phng qun l cht thi rn, S TN-MT tp H Ch Minh - Ban mi trng v pht trin bn vng, Vin chin lc v chnh sch ti nguyn mi trng - Cc h tng k thut, B xy dng - Cc qun l cht thi v ci thin mi trng - V quan h quc t, B y t - Hip hi mi trng th v cng nghip Vit Nam - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip H Ni - Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip ng Nai Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip v khu ch xut tp. H Ch Minh -Qu Ti ch, S Ti nguyn v mi trng HCM - Chi cc bo v mi trng, S Ti nguyn v mi trng tnh Bc Ninh -Hanoi DONRE/ CENMA -MONRE/ Cc kim sot nhim (PCD) -MONRE/ CEM -i hc Khoa hc t nhin H Ni, trung tm quan trc v m phng mi trng (CEMM) -Vin cng ngh mi trng/ Vin khoa hc v cng ngh Vit Nam (VAST IET) -Chi cc thy vn v mi trng pha Nam -Trung tm cng ngh v qun l mi trng/ i hc Vn Lang (CEN TEMA) - C quan bo v mi trng ng Nam b (SEVEPA/MONRE/VEA) -trng i hc khoa hc t nhin -Chi cc Bo v mi trng thnh ph H Ch Minh - Cng ty TNHH Clearth -Cng ty Kajima -Vin k thut kinh t nng lng Nht Bn -Kyotoenergy -Cng ty c phn nng lng v mi trng RCEE -Cng ty pht trin dch v sch Toshiba -Trung tm quan trc mi trng thnh ph Hi Phng (HACEM) -S Ti nguyn v mi trng thnh ph Hi Phng (HA-DONRE) - Phng hp tc quc t, Cng ty mi trng th H

Qun l cht lng khng kh

Phng, Hu, Nng, tp. H Ch Minh -Trm trung chuyn ti Nng v tp. H Ch Minh -L t rc y t thuc bnh vin trung ng Hu -L t rc y t v cng nghip trong khu x l cht thi Ha Khnh ti Nng -C s x l cht thi nguy hi cng ty Green Environment Company v Vina Ausen Company ti tp. H Ch Minh -Khu x l tp trung Quang Trung ng Nai -Vit xanh v cng ty mi trng th Bnh Dng -Khu Cng nghip Thang Long (HN) -Khu cng nghip quang Minh (HN), nh V (HP), Ha Khnh (N), L Minh Xun (tp. HCM), Bin Ha 1 v 2 (ng Nai), Tn Uyn (Bnh Dng) - lng ti ch Minh Khai (Hng Yn), a Hi, Vn Mn, Phong Kh (Bc Ninh) -C s x l cht thi cng nghip ti Khu lin hp x l cht thi ng Thnh, tp. H Ch Minh - L t cht thi y t (Hi Phng) -cc im kho st lu lng giao thng H Ni v tp. H Ch Minh -Cng ty c phn xi mng Tin Sn -Cng ty c phn xi mng Si Sn -Nh my gch Viglacera Bnh Minh -Cng ty c phn ru bia v nc gii kht H Ni -Cng ty c phn nhit in Ph Li -Cng ty c phn xi mng Hong Thch

Gii php nt c chai cho d n CDM

12

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Lnh vc/ Ch
ng dng qun l dng chy ti thiu trn sng L trnh thnh lp y ban qun l lu vc sng

C quan
-Phng qun l cht thi rn, S Ti nguyn mi trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng/ Cc Qun l Ti nguyn nc (MONRE/ DWRM) -IUCN Vit Nam -Vin t vn kh tng thy vn v mi trng -MONRE/ DWRM

Kho st thc a

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

Cc thng tin v s liu v hin trng ca cc ngnh/ ch nghin cu gn thu thp . Trong qu trnh nghin cu tip theo, s vn tip tc thu thp cc thng tin/ s liu cn thit. Nghin cu trin khai mt s hot ng thng qua cc n v t vn bn ngoi hiu r v hin trng cc ngnh/ ch nghin cu, danh sch cc hot ng ny c tm tt trong bng di y. Ni dung c th ca cc hot ng kho st ny c trnh by c th ti cc bo co nghin cu theo tng ngnh/ ch . Bng 3-2 Tng hp cc n v t vn thc hin kho st
Lnh vc/ ch Qun l lu vc sng Tiu kho st: n v t vn: Thi gian kho st: Tiu kho st: n v t vn: Thi gian kho st: Tiu kho st: n v t vn: Thi gian kho st: Qun l cht lng khng Tiu kho st: kh n v t vn: Thi gian kho st: D nh Tiu kho st: n v t vn: Thi gian kho st Tiu kho st v.v Kho st tm hiu v qun l lu vc sng Vin k thut nc v cng ngh mi trng T thng 4 n thng 8 2010 Kho st v khi lng v thnh phn cht thi rn th ti Vit Nam Cng ty TNHH v u t ton din T thng 4 n thng 8 nm 2010 Kho st v rc thi cng nghip, rc thi y t, qun l nc thi y t ti Vit Nam Vin cc sn phm ha hc t nhin T thng 4 n thng 10 nm 2010 Kho st lng giao thng/ cc bin php nh gi nhim khng kh ti tp. H Ch Minh Khoa Ha, i hc khoa hc t nhin, i hc quc gia TP. H Ch Minh T thng 8 nm 2010 n thng 1 nm 2011 o pht thi ng khi nh my (kh v bi) nh gi v nhim khng kh ti thnh ph H Ni Cng ty TNHH OSUMI (Nht Bn) T thng 10 nm 2010 n thng 12 nm 2010

Qun l cht thi rn

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

(3)

Xy dng IT/R (2) Bo co tin (1) (IT/R (1)) ca Nghin cu vo thng 8 nm 2010 bao gm cc thng tin v d liu c thu thp theo tng lnh vc/ ch nghin cu. Bo co ny c gi n cc c quan chuyn trch cho tng lnh vc/ ch Vit Nam ly kin tham kho. B bo co gia k ca Nghin cu c xy dng vo thng 12 nm 2010 nhm nu r hin trng, cc vn theo tng lnh vc/ ch nghin cu v cc nh hng/ bin php cho cc vn ny. Ngoi ra, bo co gia k cng cn nhc v tng hp nhng gp v xut ca cc c quan Vit Nam cho IT/R (1). Cc tp bo co gia k c gi n cc c quan c lin quan vo cui thng 12 nm 2010. B bo co tin P/R (2) c xy dng nhm i)tp hp cc pht hin v cc ngnh/ ch nghin cu ca SUEM bao gm vic cng c cc thng tin/ s liu thu thp c v ii) xut nh hng v cc bin php gii quyt vn hng ti vic qun l mi trng th

13

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

hiu qu hn Vit Nam. Tin v cc thnh qu ca mi nghin cu trong b bo co tin 2 ny (P/R (2)) c trnh by c th trong tng tp bo co tng ng. Bo co tin (2) (P/R (2)) c chia s vi cc c quan lin quan Vit Nam vi mong mun nhn c s nh gi, gp ca cc c quan ny. T , nhm nghin cu c th a ra nhng kin ngh ph hp trong giai on cui ca SUEM. 3.2 Tin ca cc lnh vc/ ch trong SUEM 3.2.1 Tin nghin cu tng quan nhim nc SUEM nghin cu mt s lnh vc/ ch ca ngnh nc. Chnh v vy, tng quan v nhim nc c nghin cu c c ci nhn c bn v nhim nc theo tng ch nghin cu nh ca ngnh ny, nhm: a) Xc nh hin trng v xu hng nhim nc ti khu vc nghin cu b) Ch r nguyn nhn v hu qu nhim nc ti khu vc nghin cu Nghin cu ny c thc hin bng cch phng vn cc c quan/ c nhn c thm quyn ti Vit nam v cc thng tin/ d liu hin c v c kho st thc a. Cc ngun thng tin/ d liu cho nghin cu c ly t cc bo co hin trng mi trng quc gia do B ti nguyn mi trng pht hnh, v bo co hin trng mi trng cc tnh/ thnh ph do cc S ti nguyn cc tnh/ thnh ph pht hnh. Nhng thng tin b sung khc cng c thu thp tham kho cho nghin cu ny. Nghin cu ny s miu t: a) Xu hng nhim nc cp quc gia bao gm cc tiu chun quc gia/ nhng qui nh v nh hng chnh n ngun nhim , b) Hin trng nhim nc ti khu vc nghin cu lin quan n cc lnh vc/ ch nc ca SUEM, c) Xem xt v phn tch tng th hin trng nhim nc c phn chia nh trn. Tin Nghin cu n thng 11 bao gm: i) thu thp cc thng tin v d liu hin c v nhim nc trn ton quc v ti khu vc Nghin cu, ii) cng c thng tin v d liu ti H Ni, Hi Phng, Nng, Hu v thnh ph H Ch Minh cng cc tnh ln cn hiu c tnh hnh nhim nc, v iii) cc pht hin v c trng tnh hnh nhim nc Vit Namm b sung vo cc nghin cu tip theo nc ca SUEM. Mc d khng c gi km trong b (P/R (2) ny, nhng tp bo co v tng quan nhim nc c trong tp Bo co gia k c gi vo thng 12 nm 2010. (xem tp 2, Bo co tng quan v nhim nc, Bo co gia k, thng 12 nm 2010). Tin nghin cu qun l lu vc sng ti ba lu vc sng Khi qut v mc tiu ca nghin cu qun l lu vc sng th ha v cng nghip ha din ra nhanh chng ti Vit Nam ang l nguyn nhn dn n nhim mi trng ti cc thnh ph chnh v cc vng ph cn bao gm suy gim mi trng nc v nc thi sinh hot v cng nghip khng c x l cng nh kim sot khng ph hp i vi cc ngun gy nhim nc. Trong khi chnh ph Vit Nam v cc c quan qun l mi trng nh nc ang c gng kim sot nhim, cho n nay cc bin php hnh chnh vn cn hn ch khng hiu qu so snh vi gia tng p ca lc ca nhim. gii quyt tnh trng trn, chnh ph Vit Nam ang y mnh tip cn qun l mi trng lu vc sng, gi l Bo v mi trng lu vc sng (RBEP). Trong bo v mi trng lu vc sng, chnh ph ch ra ba (3) lu vc sng chnh (sng Cu, sng Nhu - y, sng ng Nai Sai Gn) v cng ban hnh cc ch th php l php nhm tng cng vic thc thi lut php v qun l lu vc sng.

3.2.2 (1)

14

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

V th, nghin cu v lnh vc ny s tp trung vo cc ni dung v mi trng nh nhim nc v bo v mi trng lu vc. Theo cch tip cn ny, Nghin cu s hng ti chin lc qun l lu vc ba lu vc sng ln Vit Nam (Chng 5- Tp 4/ Phn A). Tuy nhin, trong qun l lu vc sng, quan im qun l v pht trin ti nguyn nc cng rt cn c tho lun, thm ch lch s qun l lu vc ti ba lu vc sng thng nghing v pha mi trng. Cc thng tin v s liu v qun l ti nguyn nc bt u c thu thp vo thng 11 nm 2010 v l c s hiu r hin trng qun l lu vc sng. Cc nghin cu tng t v hin trng s c trnh by tp bo co ny, c bit l cc c im ti nguyn nc v cc iu kin thy vn tim nng. Cc pht hin chnh ca nghin cu v ti nguyn nc s c trnh by v tng hp Bo co tng kt. Tnh n thng 2 nm 2011, kt qu nghin cu ca ngnh ny c trnh by thnh hai tp Bo co 4A v bo v mi trng lu vc sng v bo co 4B v qun l ti nguyn nc. Nghin cu v bo v mi trng lu vc sng (bo co 4A) vn gi nguyn tin c trnh by trong tp Bo co gia k (IT/R) (thng 11 nm 2010). Bo co 4B bao gm nhng thng tin v pht hin mi nht v qun l ti nguyn nc ti ba lu vc sng n thng 2 nm 2011. Tin ca nghin cu ny c trnh by di y. (2) Nhn thc v hin trng ca ba lu vc sng v qun l lu vc sng Nhn thc v phn tch cc vn bo v mi trng lu vc sng, hin trng ca ba lu vc sng c tm hiu bng cch thu thp cc thng tin/ d liu, phng vn c nhn/ t chc lin quan cp trung ng v a phng kho st mt s khu vc chnh. Ni dung hin trng ca ba lu vc sng c trnh by nh sau: g) S lc v ba (3) lu vc sng bao gm c m t tm tt, c im t nhin v kinh t x hi, v.v h) Tnh trng nhim nc, s phn b v nh hng ca cc ngun nhim ch yu, li tc ng bi nhim nc, v cc bin php i ph vi tnh hnh nhim ti ba (3) lu vc sng c thc hin n nay. i) N lc quc gia v bo v mi trng lu vc sng, v d chnh sch v chin lc quc gia bo v mi trng, xy dng lut php, khung thi gian thc hin bo v mi trng lu vc sng v.v.. j) Tnh trng cc hot ng bo v lu vc sng ti ba (3) lu vc sng chnh nh Khung k hoch tng th pht trin ti (3) ba lu vc sng, cc bin php c th v d n u tin trong Quy hoch, t chc thit lp thc hin quy hoch, v tin thc hin Quy hoch tng th cho tng lu vc. . (3) Kho st nhn thc v qun l lu vc sng Kho st nhn thc v qun l lu vc sng c thit k thu thp thng tin/ d liu hin trng qun l lu vc sng trong SUEM. Bng sau y trnh by tm tt ni dung kho st. Phm vi nghin cu khng ch bao gm cc ni dung bo v mi trng lu vc sng m cn cc ni dung v qun l ti nguyn nc v cc cng vic nghin cu c tin hnh u thng 8 nm 2010. Cc pht hin v kt qu c trnh by trong Tp 4 v ni dung kho st chi tit c trnh by trong ph lc nh km cng tp bo co ny. Bng 3-3 Kt qu kho st nhn thc v qun l lu vc sng
Tiu kho st Mc tiu v phm vi ca kho st Nhn thc v Qun l lu vc sng nm bt kin thc, s hiu bit, nhn thc v k vng ca cc bn lin quan ti ba (3) lu vc sng v cht lng nc v ti nguyn nc, chng hn nh: - Tng quan, hiu bit v k vng ca cc bn lin quan, cc hot ng hin ti, v.v.. v qun l lu vc sng. - Tnh trng ca hp tc thc hin qun l lu vc sng, nhn thc v s cn thit hp tc

(2)

15

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

- Ngun lc thc hin qun l lu vc sng Phng php kho st - Phng vn cc bn lin quan bng cch s dng phiu kho st - Tng s gn 200 mu phng vn dnh cho c cn b nh nc cp trung ng v a phng, cc i tng s dng nc (thy li, thy sn, cng nghip, trong nc), cng dn, t chc phi chnh ph, v.v.. - Tt c cc cng vic kho st c hon thnh vo u thng 8 nm 2010. - Bo co nghin cu c hon thin bi n v t vn v tng hp trong Tp 4, b Bo co tin (2) ny.

Tin kho st

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

(4)

Tin v cc kt qu nghin cu v bo v mi trng lu vc sng (Phn A, tp 4) n thng 11 nm 2010, tin ca nghin cu ny nh sau: i) tp hp thng tin/ s liu hiu c hin trng ti ba (3) lu vc sng bao gm c cc kho st hin trng, ii) tp hp v nh gi cc thng tin/ s liu hiu hin trng, iii) xc nh cc vn cn gii quyt da trn hin trng, v iv) xut nh hng v bin php qun l lu vc sng tt shown bng cch vt qua cc vn hin c ba (3) lu vc sng. Di y l nhng nh hng c xut qun l tt hn mi trng lu vc sng, c bit trn quan im RBEP. Cc nh hng di y nhm t c mc tiu ci thin RBEP, l: ci thin mi trng nc lu vc sng bng cch nng cao cng tc bo v mi trng lu vc sng v cng c qun l nh nc v mi trng. a. Cng c chc nng ca cc y ban ch o thc hin RBEP, b. Cng c c ch qun l c bn trong qun l nh nc v mi trng, c. Tng cng thc thi qun l nh nc v mi trng cp c s, d. y mnh cc bin php bo v mi trng ti cc ngun nhim, v e. y mnh vic pht trin h thng thot nc th t c mc tiu trn, tp 4A ca b P/R (2) phi a ra c cc xut km theo cc cc bin php/ hnh ng tng ng, bao gm c cc vn c xc nh.

(5)

Tin v kt qu nghin cu v qun l ti nguyn nc (Phn B, tp 4) Nghin cu ny nhm i) xc nh cc vn v nhu cu trong qun l lu vcj sng, c bit trn quan im v s dng nc v gim nh hu qu thin tai lin quan n nc, v ii) xc nh v trnh cc bin php hiu qu ci thin vic qun l lu vc sng v gii php ph hp JICA c th hp tc trong tng tai. Kt qu nghin cu ny s b tr cho nghin cu v nghin cu qun l mi trng lu vc sng phn A. Tin ca nghin cu ny n thng 3 nm 2011 nh sau: i) hon thin vic thu thp thng tin/ s liu v s dng nc v gim nh thin tai ti ba (3) lu vc sng da trn cc thng k c cng b, cc bo co nghin cu, phng vn cc c quan lin quan tri cc tnh, thnh ph mc tiu, kho st thc a, v ii) nm c hin trng thy vn, tim nng ti nguyn nc v nhu cu v nc trong tng lu vc. Cc vn cng s c xc nh trong giai on nghin cu tip theo, bao gm c nhng khuyn ngh gii quyt vn da trn quan im qun l ti nguyn nc, c lin h vi bo v mi trng ti ba lu vc sng.

3.2.3 (1)

Tin nghin cu v qun l nc thi cng nghip Bi cnh v mc tiu ca nghin cu qun l nc thi cng nghip Cng nghip ha v th ha nhanh chng Vit Nam gy quan ngi nghim trng v nhim mi trng ti cc trung tm th ln v cc khu vc ca h xung quanh, bao gm c s suy thoi mi trng nc. Vic x nc thi cng nghip vo cc ngun nc vi s kim sot khng thch hp c coi l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh gp phn gia tng p lc ln ti lng nhim nc, mc d Chnh ph Vit Nam v cc c quan qun l nh nc v mi trng rt n lc trong gii quyt nhim. Nghin cu lnh vc ny nhm i) xc nh r hin trng nhim ngun nc do nc thi 16
Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

cng nghip, v qun l nc thi cng nghip (bin php gim thiu ti ngun nhim v qun l hnh chnh ca lnh vc qun l nh nc) trong khu vc nghin cu, v ii) xc nh cc vn v kh khn trong qun l nc thi cng nghip v nng cao cc bin php ci tin i vi cc kh khn. (2) Xc nh hin trng qun l nc thi cng nghip Nhm xc nh cc vn v qun l nc thi cng nghip, hin trng nc thi cng nghip ti khu vc nghin cu c nhn nh thng qua vic thu thp cc s liu/ thng tin hin hnh, phng vn cc t chc/ c nhn cp trung ng v a phng, kho st thc a ti cc v tr quan trng. Cc vn hin trng c lit k di y: a) Tng quan v ngnh cng nghip ton quc b) Hot ng cng nghip v tnh trng nhim nc do hot ng cng nghip 5 thnh ph v 3 tnh trong khu vc nghin cu c) Chnh sch, chin lc quc gia, php l v th ch v phng chng nhim cng nghip d) Cc bin php bo v ca cc ngnh cng nghip v qun l nh nc v kim sot nhim nc thi cng nghip (3) Tin nghin cu v cc kt qu chnh Nghin cu ngy gn c hon tt vo thng 11 nm 2010, bao gm i) thu thp s liu hiu c hin trng qun l nc thi cng nghip ti khu vc nghin cu (5 thnh ph v 3 tnh), ii) tp hp v nh gi cc thng tin/ s liu thu thp c hiu r hin trng, iii) xc nh cc vn cn gii quyt da trn hiu bit v hin trng, v iv) xut nh hng v bin php qun l nhim nc thi cng nghip tt hn bng cch gii quyt cc vn ang hin h ti khu vc nghin cu. Di y l nhng nh hng c xut qun l tt hn vn nhim nc thi cng nghip. Cc nh hng di y nhm t c mc tiu ci thin nhim nc thi cng nghip, l: nng cao cng tc qun l nc thi cng nghip gim thiu ti lng nhim cng nghip vo mi trng cng vi cc hot ng hp tc khc gia cc c quan qun l nh nc v cc doanh nghip sn xut cng nghip. a) Cng c c ch chung v qun l nc thi cng nghip b) Cng c cp thc thi v qun l nc thi cng nghip, v c) y mnh cc bin php bo v ti cc ngun nhim. Mc d khng c trong b P/R (2), nhng tp bo co ny c gi cng b bo co gia k (IT/R) c xy dng thng 12 nm 2010, cp nht nhng kt qu mi nht ca nghin cu. (xem tp 5, Bo co v qun l nc thi cng nghip, Bo co gia k, thng 12 nm 2010) 3.2.4 (1) Tin nghin cu v qun l cht thi rn Khi qut Lnh vc nghin cu ny gm c ba (3) ni dung: i), qun l cht thi rn th (MSWM) ti nm (5) thnh ph, ii) qun l cht thi rn cng nghip (ISWM) ti nm (5) thnh ph v ba ( 3) tnh, v iii) qun l cht thi y t v nc thi y t (MWWM) ti (5) thnh ph. Do cc khu cng nghip lin quan nm ba tnh tip gip vi thnh ph H Ch Minh (Bnh Dng, ng Nai v B Ra-Vng Tu), ngoi nm (5) thnh ph chnh, nghin cu v ISWM bao gm thm c cc tnh ny. Xc nh hin trng qun l cht thi rn xc nh cc vn v qun l cht thi rn, hin trng ti khu vc nghin cu bng cch 17
Bo co tin (2)

(2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

thu thp cc d liu/ thng tin hin c, phng vn cc c nhn v t chc cung cp thng tin/ s liu cp trung ng v a phng, v kho st thc a ti cc v tr quan trng. Cc ni dung tng hp hin trng c trnh by di y: d) Tng quan ton quc v qun l cht thi rn e) Khung hnh chnh v khung php l, chnh sch v chin lc MSWM, ISWM, v MWWM tng ng f) iu kin hin ti cc thnh ph v cc tnh cn nghin cu v MSWM, ISWM, v MWWM tng ng (3) Kho st thc a do n v t vn tin hnh Hai (2) kho st thc a c trin khai trong khun kh nghin cu v qun l cht thi rn. Bng di y trnh by ni dung cc kho st ny. Kho st v khi lng v thnh phn cht thi rn t h Vit nam c hon thnh vo thng 8 nm 2010 v kho st v cht thi rn cng nghip v nc v cht thi rn y t (ISWM v MWWM) c hon thnh vo thng 10 nm 2010 Bng 3-4 Tm tt kho st MSWM
Tiu kho st Mc tiu v phm vi ca iu tra Kho st v khi lng v thnh phn ca cht thi rn th Vit Nam - nm c tnh trng hin hnh v cht thi rn th nm (5) cc thnh ph. - Thu thp cc thng tin/ d liu v khung php l, thit lp t chc, chnh sch v chin lc v m, trang thit b MSWM, n v pht thi, dng thi, hot ng ca cc nh ti tr, vv - Phm vi kho st khi lng v thnh phn cht thi ti ngun Hu, Nng v thnh ph H Ch Minh. Tng cng khong 2.800 mu. - Phm vi v ni dung kho st khi lng v thnh phn cht thi ti cc c s SWM trong nm (5) cc thnh ph. Tng cng khong 70 mu. - Cc ni dung kho st thc a hon thnh vo thng 7 nm 2010 v bo co kho st hon thnh vo thng 8 nm 2010 - Cc kt qu trong kho st c tng hp trong Tp 6, b P/R (2) ny

Tin kho st

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

Bng 3-5 Tm tt kho st ISWM v MWWM

Tiu kho st Mc tiu v phm vi ca iu tra Kho st v cht thi cng nghip, cht thi v nc thi y t Vi Nam nm c Hin trng cht thi rn cng nghip, cht thi v nc thi y t trong khu vc nghin cu 1. Cht thi rn cng nghip ti nm (5) thnh ph v ba (3) tnh - Thu thp cc d liu / thng tin hin c v kim k cht thi ti cc khu cng nghip ln, kim k cht thi ti cc c s x l v tiu hy cht thi cng nghip, hot ng ca cc nh ti tr, v.v.. - Cu hi kho st v tnh hnh pht sinh v qun l cht thi cng nghip ti cc nh my v khu cng nghip. Tng cng khong 300 mu. - Trc tip phng vn kho st cc nh my in hnh / khu cng nghip da trn nhng pht hin ca cuc kho st cu hi. 2. Cht thi v nc thi y t ti nm (5) thnh ph - Thu thp cc d liu / thng tin hin c v kim k cht thi v nc thi ti cc bnh vin / phng khm. - Kho st bng cc phiu kho st v hin trng x cht thi v nc thi y t v qun l nc thi ti cc bnh vin / phng khm. Tng cng khong 200 mu. - Kho st bng cch phng vn trc tip ti cc bnh vin in hnh / phng khm da vo kt qu ca cuc kho st cu hi. - Cc ni dung kho st thc a hon thnh vo thng 8 nm 2010, bo co kho st hon thnh vo thng 10 nm 2010 - Cc kt qu kho st c tng hp trong Tp 6, b P/R (2) ny.

Tin kho st

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

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Tin Nghin cu v cc kt qu chnh

18

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Tin ca nghin cu ny n thng 3 nm 2011 l i) hon thin vic thu thp thng tin/ s liu hiu c hin trng ti khu vc nghin cu bao gm hai (2) kho st thc a c thc hin bi n v t vn, ii) tng hp v nh gi cc thng tin/ s liu thu thp c v hin trng, iii) xc nh cc vn cn gii quyt da trn hin trng, v iv) xut nh hng v bin php qun l tt hn MSWM, ISWM, v MWWM bng cch gii quyt c cc vn hin c ti khu vc nghin cu. Di y l cc vn chnh m Vit Nam cn gii quyt qun l MSWM tt hn. Tp 6 ca b bo co ny cng xut l trnh cho cc chng trnh v hot ng cn thit qun l cht thi rn th hiu qu. a) Thiu st trong vic thc hin chin lc quc gia v qun l cht thi rn tng hp, b) Thiu st v s liu/ thng tin v qun l cht thi rn c cp trung ng v a phng c) Cha iu kin thc hin quy hoch v cht thi cng nghip cp a phng d) Thiu st trong vic trin khai chnh sch quc gia v 3R/ gim thiu v ti ch cht thi, e) Cha iu kin h tr cc hot ng ti ch cht thi ca Chnh ph, f) Tin b k thut trong x l v tiu hy cht thi trn ton quc, g) Thiu st trong nng cao nhn thc v 3R, v sinh cng cng v SWM cng ng v h) Thiu st trong qun l t nhn v x hi ha. Cc vn chnh trong MSWM cng c nghin cu ti nm (5) thnh ph theo cc ni dung sau: i) php l, th ch v k hoch, ii) t chc, iii) cng ngh, iv) ti chnh, v) mi trng, vi) nhn thc, v vii) x hi ha v t nhn. V ISWM, di y l cc vn chung m Vit Nam cn gii quyt qun l cht thi cng nghip tt hn. Tp 6 cng xut cc nh hng v bin php gii quyt cc vn ny. a) Cc vn v qun l bao gm i) thiu cc s liu thc t hiu r hin trng, ii) thiu k hoch ca tnh/ thnh v cp IP v x l cht thi cng nghip, v iii) h thng tng hp v thanh tra, gim st, quan trc v x l ca cc n v lin quan. b) Cc vn v php l v quy nh bao gm i) thiu hiu bit v lut php/ quy nh, ii) ngoan c trong vic tun th cc tiu chun mi trng, v iii) thiu hng dn/ s tay v cng ngh x l, vn hnh/ bo tr. c) Cc c s x l bao gm i) thiu cc c s x l cht thi cng nghip c hi, ii) cha cn nhc cn trng vic lp t cc thit b bo v mi trng trong cc c s x l, v iii) khng vn hnh ng cc c s x l d) Cc vn cn quan tm bao gm i) thiu hiu bit v cc phng php x l v bo v mi trng cc c quan pht thi (cc doanh nghip) v cc cng ty x l, v ii) thiu st trong vic xc tin phn loi rc thi cng nghip c hi v ti ch cht thi cng nghip khng c hi. Di y l cc vn chung m Vit Nam cn gii quyt qun l nc thi y t (MWWM) tt hn Tp 6 cng xut cc nh hng v bin php gii quyt cc vn ny. Cc vn php l bao gm i) thiu tnh thc thi hoc tnh p dng trong cc vn bn php lut bao gm EIA v cc tiu chun v kh thi, dng thi cho cc c s y t (c bit l cc c s y t c nh) v khng ph hp hoc thiu st trong vic xem xt hin trng v hot ng ca cc c s y t, ii) s khng nht qun hoc tri ngc trong cc vn bn php l cng nh thiu hoc c hng dn chi tit nn cc c s y t cn lng tng hoc hiu sai, v iii) cha sn sng trong quy hoch v thc hin quy hoch cp a phng. a) Cc vn qun l bao gm i) thiu quyt tm trong qun l nc thi y t t 19
Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

cc cp lnh o ti cc c s, thiu nhn thc v o to c cc lnh o cao cp v cc nhn vin y t v cc nhn vin khc cng tc ti c s y t, bao gm c vic thiu quy trnh chuyn trch v x pht vi phm v iv) thiu ngn sch p dng MWWM ti cc c s y t. b) Cc vn k thut bao gm i) thiu s liu/ thng tin c bn v s b trong qun l nc thi y t (MWWM), ii) s bt cp ca cng ngh s dng ti cc c s y t cng thm thiu k nng trong vn hnh v bo tr, iii) thiu h thng k khai (ghi chp) theo di chu trnh cht thi nguy hi, v iv) cha quan tm n cht thi phng x cng nh dng thi mang bnh hoc nhim cao Tp 6, bo co nghin cu v qun l cht thi rn trnh by tin cc kt qu nghin cu n thng 3 nm 2011. 3.2.5 (1) Tin ca nghin cu v qun l cht lng khng kh Thu thp thng tin v d liu sn c Di y l cc thng tin v s liu v qun l cht lng khng kh c thu thp n thng 3 nm 2011. Cc thng tin v s liu ny ang c x l v phn tch, v th kt qu nghin cu s c trnh by trong b bo co tip theo ca SUEM, bao gm cc vn cn gii quyt cng nh xut cc nh hng v bin php gii quyt cc vn ny. 1) D liu / thng tin lin quan n hin trng cht lng khng kh hiu hin trng cht lng khng kh H Ni v thnh ph H Ch Minh, cc s liu v thng tin lin quan c thu thp, khng ch s liu quan trc khng kh xung quanh m cng c cc thng tin v ngun nhim. Cc s liu quan trc khng kh nm 2005 c thu thp t Trung tm Quan trc mi trng/ Tng cc Mi trng (CEM/ VEA), S Ti nguyn v mi trng H Ni, thnh ph H Ch Minh bao gm TSP, v gn y, cc thng s SO2, NOx, CO, O3 v VOCs (khng metan). Cc s liu thu c s c nh gi v phn tch, so snh vi tiu chun mi trng. Cc hot ng ca nghin cu ny c JST tin hnh vi s tham gia ca cc cc b CEM/ MONRE nhm chuyn giao k thut nh gi v din gii s liu cho cc cn b ny. Ngoi ra, thng tin v s liu v cc ngun nhim khng kh c tp hp theo nhng ni dung sau: a) Cc ngun ng ti H Ni, c tng hp bi n v t vn Vit nam di s gim st ca JICA b) Cc ngun ng ti TP H Ch Minh c tin hnh bi n v t vn ca JST trong khun kh SUEM, v c) Ngun tnh trong thnh ph H Ni, l v d v p dng th nghim phng php o kh thi ca mt s nh my quanh H Ni, c thc hin bi n v t vn Nht Bn ca JST trong khun kh SUEM. Cc ni dung kho st do cc n v t vn tin hnh ti mc b) v c) c gii thch trong cc phn tip theo. 2) Thu thp cc d liu kh tng D liu kh tng c thu thp ti Trung tm s liu kh tng thy vn thuc B Ti nguyn v Mi trng bao gm hng v tc gi theo gi, nhit mi gi v lng my trong mi 6 gi ti H Ni v thnh ph H Ch Minh vo cng thi gian o cc d liu quan trc khng kh xung quanh. Cc d liu kh tng s gp phn din gii hin trng nhim khng kh cc thnh ph vi cc d liu quan trc cng nh thng tin ngun nhim. 3) Thng tin v lut php

20

Bo co tin (2)

Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

H thng lut v qun l cht lng khng kh v kim sot ngun nhim khng kh ti Vit Nam, H Ni v thnh ph H Ch Minh c nh gi. Cc thng tin c thu thp qua cc kho st do n v t vn ca JICA tin hnh (i hc Khoa hc t nhin H Ni / Trung tm quan trc v m phng mi trng (CEMM)) cng c tng hp (2) Kho st do n v t vn tin hnh Nghin cu qun l cht lng khng kh thit k hai (2) kho st c thc hin bi n v t vn. Tnh n cui thng 11 nm 2010, hai kho st ny gn kt thc. Cc bng sau y trnh by ni dung v kt qu ca 2 kho st ny. Kho st lu lng giao thng thnh ph H Ch Minh hon thnh vo thng 1 nm 2011, kho st v o c kh thi nh my ti H Ni c hon thnh vo thng 12 nm 2010. Bng 3-6 Tm tt kho st lu lng giao thng ti thnh ph H Ch Minh
Tiu kho st Mc tiu v phm vi ca iu tra Kho st lu lng giao thng / o nhim khng kh ti thnh ph H Ch Minh - cp nht d liu lu lng cho kho st thu c trong nm 2002 ti TP H Ch Minh. - Kho st giao thng m xe, o tc li xe, v thu thp d liu thng k hin c lin quan n phng tin giao thng c tnh kim k pht thi nhim khng kh. 1. Cng vic kho st - m lu lng giao thng hng gi theo loi xe trong ngy lm vic ti 29 im trong cc con ng chnh (24 gi), ti 20 trong nhng con ng nh (14 gi), v ti 2 ng tnh l (14 gi) - Li xe o tc ti bn (4) con ng c la chn trong cng mt ngy m lu lng giao thng. 2. Cng vic thu thp d liu hin c, nh i) d liu thng k ng k phng tin giao thng, ii) tnh trng tiu th du diesel ca phng tin giao thng, iii) quy nh v kh thi xe v cht lng nhin liu, v iv) tnh trng ca cc chng trnh kim nh phng tin giao thng v.v - Cc ni dung kho st bao gm c cc cng tc thc a kt thc vo thng 11 nm 2010, bo co kho st c hon thnh vo thng 1 nm 2011, - Cc kt qu kho st s c tng hp trong b bo co tip theo ca SUEM

Tm tt phm vi cng vic

Tin kho st

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

Bng 3-7 Tm tt kho st o kh thi ng khi ti thnh ph H Ni

Tiu kho st Mc tiu ca kho st o c kh thi (kh v bi) ng khi ti nh my nh gi nhim khng kh ti thnh ph H Ni - o pht thi ng khi bng phng php c quc t nh phng php ly mu bi isokinetic,(tin hnh th nghim). - So snh cc yu t pht thi trong nc vi quc t. - Kim tra tnh kh thi khi p dng phng php o s dng k thut quc t o ng khi nh my ti Vit Nam, chun b cho nghin cu qui hoch khng kh. - o lng kh thi ti ng khi hoc cc c s t ca 2 hoc 3 nh my quy m va trong thnh ph H Ni. - o pht thi ng khi hay ng dn kh ca 2 nh my c quy m sn xut ln nh nh my nhit in, nh my xi mng, hoc nh my thp ti cc tnh ln cn vi H Ni. - Thng s nhim c o: SO2, NOx, CO, Bi - Thng s cn o ng thi: O2, CO2, m - Trnh din k thut o cho cc c quan c trch nhim quan trc khng kh ca Vit Nam nhm chuyn giao k thut

Tm tt phm vi cng vic

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Tin kho st

- Kho st c tin hnh bi mt cng ty Nht Bn vi nng lc k thut o kh thi ng khi theo phng php quc t - Cng tc o c v trnh din ti cc nh my thnh ph H Ni v cc tnh ln cn c tin hnh vo thng 11 nm 2010 xung quanh s c tin hnh trong thng 11 nm 2010. -Tp hp v phn tch cc s liu o c s c tin hnh vo cui thng 11 nm 2011 Ton b cc cng tc kho st hon thnh vo thng 12 nm 2010. - Kt qu kho st s c tng hp trong bo co tip theo ca SUEM

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

(3)

Tin Nghin cu Nghin cu v qun l cht lng khng kh s xc nh cc vn cn gii quyt v xut hng dn qun l tt hn cht lng khng kh hai (2) thnh ph, thng qua cc hot ng nghin cu h tr PCD cng nh chun b cho Nghin cu qui hoch khng kh trong tng lai.. Tin bo co n thng 3 nm 2011 nh sau: i) hon thnh vic thu thp thng tin/ s liu cn thit nm c hin trng v nhim khng kh nh l s liu quan trc v TSP v cc thng s kh, s liu kh tng, vn bn php lut, lu lng giao thng H Ni v cc ngun nhim ng ii) hon thnh cc kho st o cc n v t vn thc hin v lu lng giao thng ti thnh ph H Ch Minh, v iii) hon thnh kho st v o c kh thi nh my ti nm (5) nh my ti H Ni v tnh ln cn do n v t vn Nht Bn tin hnh v vi s tham gia ca cc c quan pha Vit Nam. Tnh n thng 3 nm 2011, cc thng tin/ s liu vn tip tc c cng c song song vi vic xc nh cc nh hng v bin php gii quyt. Cc kt qu ny s c trnh by trong bo co tip theo ca SUEM. Mc d khng c trong b P/R (2) ny, nhng bo co v qun l cht lng khng kh c gi trong tp bo co gia k (IT/R) (thng 12 nm 2010) m t tin cp nht ca nghin cu n thng 11 nm 2010. (xem tp 7, Bo co v qun l cht lng khng kh, Bo co tin , thng 12 nm 2010)

3.2.6 (1)

Tin ca nghin cu v gii php nt c chai cho cc d n CDM Mc tiu v phm vi ca ca nghin cu v gii php nt c chai cho cc d n CDM Da trn c s trnh by trong phn (1) ca mc 2.5 trong bo co ny, mc tiu nghin cu ch ny ny nhm thc y cc d n CDM ti Vit Nam bng cch cng nhn cc chnh sch hin hnh v bin i kh hu (c bit l gim nh bin i kh hu), xut cc gii php nt c chai ca cc d n CDM ti Vit Nam. Phm vi nghin cu ca ch ny c trnh by di y, cng vi khi nim dng chy ca nghin cu. a) Phng vn kho st vi ch u t, nh u t tim nng v nh pht trin CDM nm bt cc vn hin ti, vn tc nghn. Phn tch v nt c chai CDM da trn nhng kt qu phng vn. b) Xem xt cc d n CDM ti Vit Nam thng qua vic thu thp s liu v phng vn cc c quan nh B TN & MT / DMHCC, DNA, B Nng lng, c quan xy dng CDM, PDD v.v, phn tch cc vn nt c chai ca cc d n CDM xt trn gii hn ca cc d n v nh gi ca DNA Vit Nam. c) Sau khi nh gi nt c chai CDM Vit Nam, cc nh hng v bin php xc tin cc d n CDM Vit Nam s c xut. d) Khuyn ngh cc nh hng xc tin CDM trong tng lai n MONRE/ DMHCC da trn cc kt qu trn.

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BC 1 1) nh gi chung v cc d n CDM -Phn tch chnh sch quc gia v cc d n CDM lin quan - Phn tch h thng hnh chnh v th ch lin quan n cc d n CDM 2) Kho st phng vn cc bn xy dng PDD v cc nh u t - Phn tch cc vn v trin khai CDM Vit Nam nh y thc CER. - Phn tch cc ro cn tim n i vi cc d n CDM Vit Nam

BC 2 3) Phn tch nh hng v cc bin php xc tin cc d n CDM La chn cc ngnh c th xc tin CDM - Xc nh v phn tch cc nt c chai cn gii quyt - xut nh hng v cc bin php thc y CDM

BC 3 4) nh gi cc kt lun v cc khuyn ngh - Kt lun v nghin cu nt c chai CDM - Khuyn ngh cc gii php cho nt c chai CDM
Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

S khi nim gii php tht nt c chai ca d n CDM Vit Nam (2) Tin nghin cu v cc kt qu chnh Tnh n thng 3 nm 2011, Nghin cu gn hon tt, bao gm cc ni dung sau: i) thu thp thng tin/ s liu gm c kt qu kho st phng vn vi cc nh u t/ nh u t tim nng cng nh cc bn xy dng CDM, ii) r sot v nh gi hin trng cc d n CDM Vit Nam, so snh vi hin trng cc quc gia khc, v iii) rt ra cc vn v xut xc tin cc d n CDM Vit Nam, phn tch cc nt c chai. Vic ly kin t vn ca cc c quan qun l chnh Vit Nam (DMHCC /MONRE) cng s c thc hin trong qu trnh a ra kt qu cui cng ca nghin cu. Di y l cc kt qu chnh ca cc nt c chai CDM m Vit Nam cn gii quyt c th xc tin nhiu d n CDM hn. Mt s nt c chai di y ang c DMHCC v cc c quan khc pha Vit Nam ci thin dn. Cc nh hng v gii php v khuyn ngh trin khai cc d n CDM Vit Nam cng c xut trong tp bo co 8 ny. e) Cha c quy trnh v thi gian c th cho vic ph huyt d n CDM ti Vit Nam f) Kh khn trong vic truy cp s cc yu t pht thi ca mng li quc gia Vit Nam, bao gm c s thiu nht qun v s liu gia cc c quan Vit Nam. g) Kh khn vi cc nh xy dng/ t vn CDM khi th thp cc s liu/ thng tin xy dng PDD. h) Kh khn trong trin khai d n CDM khi khng c cc chuyn gia/ cn b h tr thng hiu v h thng ti a phng. i) Kh khn trong vic tin hnh cng vic/ d n v qu trnh ng k d n CDM j) Khng c cc kin chnh thc/ nhn xt thng nht ca cc chnh quyn a phng v vic iu chnh b sung cc vn kin d n/ kinh doanh.

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Tp 01: Bo co chnh

Tp 8 ca IT/R c tn Nghin cu gii php nt c chai cho cc d n CDM trnh by cc kt qu v tin tnh n thng 3 nm 2011. Tp bo co ny c coi l bo co tng kt. Tin ca nghin cu ng dng v qun l dng chy ti thiu trn sng Bi cnh v Mc tiu ca nghin cu ng dng v qun l dng chy ti thiu trn sng Vic qun l cc dng chy sng c coi l mt trong nhng vn chnh Vit Nam xt theo quan im v ti nguyn nc v qun l mi trng i vi cc lu vc sng. Do , trong khun kh ca SP-RCC, "Xem xt kinh nghim quc t v phng php lun cho vic thit lp dng chy ti thiu trn sng v xc nh nhim v trong tng lai c cng nhn l mt hnh ng chnh sch cn t c trong nm nay. Theo , B TN & MT chun b cc Thng t, "Qui nh xc nh dng chy ti thiu trn sng" da trn cc Ngh nh c lin quan n ti nguyn nc v qun l mi trng i vi cc lu vc sng. Thng t d kin s c hon thin trong thi gian ti v cn c hin thc ha c th p dng ti lu vc sng Nghin cu ny nhm xut kin ngh vi MONRE trin khai cc phng php tip cn thc hin Thng t ny. (2) Phm vi ca nghin cu 1) Xem xt cc ti liu tham kho v kinh nghim quc t c lin quan n dng chy ti thiu Cc ti liu lin quan n dng chy ti thiu tham kho hiu c cc phng php tip cn chung v dng chy ti thiu. Cc ti liu tham kho chnh c lit k nh sau. Bng 3-8 Cc ti liu chnh c tham kho v dng chy ti thiu
Ti liu ca T chc nc ngoi Dng chy S cn thit ca dng chy mi trng (IUCN, 2003) Ti nguyn nc v Mi trng - Ghi chp k thut (Ngn hng Th gii, 2003) D tho hng dn nghin cu v cc dng mi trng (Nht Bn, 2001) Thng t, "Qui inh xc nh dng chy ti thiu trn sng" (trong qu trnh chun b ca B TN & MT) xut Quy trnh Xc nh dng chy ti thiu v phng php tip cn dng chy sinh thi (Trung tm T vn thy vn, kh tng v mi trng, Vin kh tng, thy vn v mi trng) Dng chy mi trng - nh gi nhanh dng chy mi trng cho lu vc sng Hng, min Trung Vit Nam, Bo co cui, Rapid GDCMN Workshop, Ngy 13-14 thng 12 nm 2004 (IUCN Vit Nam, 2005)

3.2.7 (1)

Ti liu ti Vit Nam

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

2) Nghin cu l trnh thc hin thng t Thng t trnh by khun kh quc gia v xc nh dng chy ti thiu v qun l dng chy ti thiu nh l mt phn ca qun l tng hp ti nguyn nc (IWRM). hin thc ha cng tc qun l dng chy ti thiu, nghin cu ny s c trin khai a ra mt l trnh c cc mc thi gian quan trng thc hin thng t ny. 3) Xy dng d tho iu khon tham chiu (TOR) ca Nghin cu th nghim v nh gi dng chy ti thiu Trong qu trnh xy dng thng t, cn tin hnh nghin cu th nghim v nh gi dng chy ti thiu tch ly kinh nghim cn thit trong xc nh dng chy ti thiu. V th, d tho TOR cn c bin son h tr nghin cu th nghim ny cho mt lu vc sng c th. TOR s c bin son ph hp vi cc yu cu ca thng t cng nh kt qu cc nghin cu v hin trng lu vc sng c chn bng cch nh gi cc s liu sn c v kho st thc a. (3) Tin nghin cu v cc kt qu chnh Tin ca nghin cu tnh n thng 11 nm 2010 nh sau: i) hon thin vic xem xt cc ti liu tham kho c xt n cc kinh nghim quc t v cc ti liu ca Vit nam v dng chy 24
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Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

ti thiu, v ii) xc nh cc nhim v trong tng lai p dng v gii thiu dng chy ti thiu trong qun l lu vc sng. Di y l cc nhim v c xc nh gii thiu dng chy ti thiu trong qun l lu vc sng. Tp 10 ca IT/R trnh by nguyn tc c bn tin hnh xc nh dng chy ti thiu nh sau: a) Khun kh chung v lp k hoch lu vc sng b) Nghin cu lu vc sng c) Xc nh mc ch v khun kh xc nh dng chy ti thiu d) Xc nh dng chy ti thiu e) Cc ct mc v khong thi gian ch yu f) T chc xc nh dng chy ti thiu Da trn vic nh gi, TOR c th v xc nh dng chy ti thiu c d tho chun b p dng vo mt lu vc sng c th ti Vit Nam. Tuy nhin, vn cn c mt s vn cn phi hp vi DWRM/ MONRE lm r thm. Sau , TOR s tip tc c sa i theo nhng ni dung c DWRM/ MONRE t vn. Mc d khng c trong b P/R (2) ny, tp bo co c gi km b Bo co gia k (IT/R) (thng 12 nm 2010) nu r cc kt qu mi nht ca nghin cu. (xem Tp 10, Bo co nghin cu v p dng v qun l dng chy ti thiu, Bo co gia k, thng 12 nm 2010). 3.2.8 (1) Tin nghin cu v l trnh thnh lp ban qun l lu vc sng C s v mc ch nghin cu Chnh ph Vit nam ban hnh Ngh nh s 120 v Qun l lu vc sng vo ngy 1/12/2008 (Ngh nh 12/2008), vi mc tiu gim st v phi hp cc hot ng qun l tng hp lu vc sng v cc kha cnh i) Bo v cht lng nc v cc vn lin quan n mi trng nc, ii) Pht trin v iu phi hiu qu ti nguyn nc v iii) phng v chng thin tai do nc gy nn. iu 30 ca Ngh nh 120/2008 quy nh vic thnh lp y ban Lu vc sng nhm thc hin qun l tng hp cc lu vc sng. Trong phm vi khung Chng trnh h tr i ph vi Bin i kh hu (Support Program to Response to Climate Change, vit tt SP-RCC), vic ban hnh hng dn thnh lp v hot ng ca y ban lu vc sng cho mt s lu vc sng chnh c xem l mt chnh sch hnh ng cn t c trong nm nay. ng thi B Ti nguyn v Mi trng (BTNMT) ang ln k hoch son tho thng t hng dn xy dng iu l hot ng ca cc y ban qun l lu vc sng. Nghin cu c thc hin nhm xut nhng khuyn ngh vi MONRE h tr cho vic thnh lp cc y ban lu vc sng theo Ngh nh s 120/ 2008 ny. (2) Phm vi nghin cu 1) R sot cc vn bn tham kho v cc thng tin lin quan n qun l lu vc sng Cc vn bn lin quan n qun l lu vc sng s c r sot hiu c hin trng. Cc vn bn/ thng tin cn c nh gi l i) chnh sch quc gia v khung php l bao gm cc ngh nh, quyt nh, ii) cc nghin cu tin hnh trc y v qun l lu vc sng, v iii) cc kt qu ca cc nghin cu trc y v cc y ban tng t v d nh y ban bo v mi trng lu vc sng 2) Nghin cu cc vn / nhu cu thnh lp v chc nng ca RBCs Cc vn cn thit thnh lp RBCs s c nghin cu v tho lun vi DWRM/ MONRE cng vi cc t c quan khc.

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3) Nghin cu l trnh thnh lp RBCs Da trn cc kt qu v s hiu bit thu c t cc nghin cu trn, Nghin cu s xut l trnh thnh lp y ban lu vc sng. Cc ni dung d kin ca l trnh c li k di y: xut thnh lp c cu t chc v th ch bao gm cc cp c thm quyn/ cc i tng lin quan n y ban lu vc sng Xc nh thm quyn ca y ban cc lu vc sng, cng nh vai tr, quyn hn, chc nng v trch nhim ca thnh vin ca cc y ban xut phn b qu/ ngn sch cho cc hot ng ca y ban Lu vc sng cng nh vic lp k hoch v thc hin qun l lu vc sng ph hp vi mc tiu v yu cu ca Ngh nh 120/2008. (3) Tin nghin cu Tin nghin cu n thng 11 nm 2010 bao gm i) hon thin vic nh gi cc ti liu v thng tin hin c v thnh lp, chc nng, nhim v ca y ban lu vc sng (RBC), v ii) nh gi quy trnh thnh lp cc RBC v vn phng RBC theo lut nh. Qua cc bui lm vic vi DWRM/ MONRE trong thng 1 nm 2011, tin thnh lp cc ban qun l lu vc sng (RBCs) cng nh hin trng cc t chc qun l lu vc sng c lin quan v d nh Ban qun l quy hoch lu vc sng thuc MARD (MARD thnh lp cc Ban qun l quy hoch lu vc sng ti tm (8) lu vc v tiu lu vc sng theo cc Quyt nh tng t nh Quyt nh s 39 ngy 9 thng 4 nm 2001v vic thnh lp Ban qun l quy hoch lu vc sng Hng v sng Thi Bnh). Da vo nhng pht hin trn y, l trnh thnh lp RBCs s c xy dng song song vi vic xc nh cc kh khn v nhu cu trong giai on tip theo ca SUEM. Trong khun kh nghin cu ny, nhm nghin cu s tip tc lm vic vi DWRM xy dng l trnh thnh lp RBCs, c xt n cc yu cu php l trong Ngh nh s 120/2008. Mc khng c trong b P/R (2) ny, nhng bo co nghin cu v l trnh thnh lp ban qun l lu vc sng c gi trong b bo co gia k IT/R (thng 12 nm 2010) nu r cc kt qu nghin cu mi nht tnh n thng 11 nm 2010. (xem tp 11, Bo co nghin cu l trnh thnh lp y ban lu vc sng, Bo co gia k, thng 12 nm 2010) 3.2.9 (1) Tin Nghin cu v ng ph vi bin i kh hu i vi vic pht trin h tng trong qun l mi trng th Mc tiu v phm vi Nghin cu Gn y, bin i kh hu mang li nhiu hu qu nghim trng trong i sng con ngi. c bit l th ca cc nc ang pht trin, c rt nhiu vn cn sm c quan tm do c s h tng th s d b tc ng. V th, khi nim ng ph vi bin i kh hu l rt cn thit khi nghin cu, thit k xy dng h tng qun l mi trng th, nh cp thot nc v x l cht thi. Do , nghin cu ny c tin hnh nhm nh gi TOR b sung, cng c cho TOR trc y t vn cc dch v trong giai on nghin cu kh thi hay thit k. Phm vi nghin cu cho ch ny c lit k di y cng mt s thut ng nghin cu. g) Thu thp TOR v cc chnh sch i vi dch v t vn v p ng vi bin i kh hu trong h tng qun l mi trng th. h) nh gi TOR hin c i vi dch v t vn bao gm cc d n xy dng h 26
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Tp 01: Bo co chnh

tng hoc ang trin khai ph hp vi khi nim ng ph vi bin i kh hu ca Vit Nam. i) Nghin cu cc TOR i vi dch v t vn ng ph vi bin i kh hu trong qun l mi trng th

BC 1 Xc nh cc khi nim v ng ph vi bin i kh hu - Thu th p d liu v cc ti liu/ bo co lin quan n ng ph vi bin i kh hu - Rt ra cc khi nim v ng ph vi bin i kh h u trong cc ti liu/ bo co hin hnh -Xc nh hin tr ng cc khi nim v ng ph vi bin i kh hu

BC 2 a) nh gi cc TOR v cc chnh sch v cc d ch v t v n, tng quan - Thu thp d liu v cc T v cc chnh sch thch ng vi bin i kh h u - R sot cc T v cc chnh sch v ng ph vi bin i kh h u - Xy dng ma tr n gii quyt cc vn v TOR v chnh sch lin quan n bin i kh hu b) nh gi cc TOR v cc chnh sch hin hnh v cc dch v t vn VN - Thu thp mu TOR v cc chnh sch ng ph vi bin i kh h u - nh gi cc TOR v chnh sch hin hnh v ng ph vi bin i kh hu VN

BC 3 nh gi cc kt lu n v khuy n ngh - Kt lun v cc nghin cu ng ph vi bin i kh h u - Khuyn ngh b sung cc khi nim v ng ph vi bin i kh hu - Khuyn ngh v xy dng TOR cho cc dch v t v n v ng ph vi bin i kh hu trong pht trin h t ng qu n l th

Ngun: Nhm nghin cu JICA

Hnh 3-2 S khi nim nghin cu ng ph vi bin i kh hu (2) Tin nghin cu Tin ca nghin cu n thng 11 nm 2010 nhm i) tp hp cc thng tin, d liu thu thp c v chnh sch cho cc dch v t vn v ng ph vi bin i kh hu, v ii) r sot cc chnh sch c bit l cc d n ang c cc nh ti tr nc ngoi tin hnh. Vic thu thp thng tin/ d liu v nh gi cac chnh sch ca Vit Nam cng c tin hnh. n thng 3 nm 2011, nhm nghin cu vn tip tc thu thp thng tin v cc TORs cho cc dch v t vn ng ph vi bin i kh hu do cc thng tin thu thp trc y vn cha kt lun v a ra cc khuyn ngh v vic xy dng TOR. Trong b P/R (2) ny, tp 9, bo co nghin cu v ng ph vi bin i kh hu trong pht trin h tng qun l mi trng th trnh by cc kt qu nghin cu n thng 3 nm 2011.

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Tp 01: Bo co chnh

3.2.10 Tin Nghin cu v cp thot nc (1) Mc tiu v phm vi Nghin cu ci thin iu kin mi trng th v mt cp thot nc, Chnh ph Vit Nam cng vi cc nh ti tr, khi t nhn n lc pht trin h tng v cung cp nhng dch v tt hn tha mn cc iu kin v sinh v nhu cu ca con ngi. Trong nhiu thp k gn y, cc n lc ny em li nhng kt qu ng k, tuy nhin cng cn mt s vn cn gii quyt c th ci thin tt hn vn cp thoatas nc, v d nh vn hnh v bo tr cc cng trnh/ c s cp thot nc, gii quyt cc kh khn v ti chnh c c dch v bn vng hn V th, nghin cu ny c tin hnh hiu c v nh gi cc vn cn gii quyt di y ti nm (5) thnh ph v cc th ln ti ba (3) tnh nm trong khu vc nghin cu. T xc nh cc nh hng/ gii php cho cc vn ny. a) Tng quan v cc dch v hin hnh, chnh sch quc gia, cc vn bn php lut, cc quy nh, cc cp c thm quyn cp trung ng v a phng v cp thot nc b) Tng quan v hin trng cc cng trnh, dch v cp thot nc cp trung ng v cp a phng, tnh hnh t chc ca cc cp c thm quyn, cc cng ty, h thng thu quan, hot ng ca khi t nhn, hng pht trin, k hoch trong thi gian ti c) Xc nh cc vn v khuyn ngh cc nh hng, bin php gii quyt vn . (2) Tin nghin cu n thng 3 nm 2011, tin ca Nghin cu nh sau: i) thu thp cc thng tin/ s liu v tnh hnh kinh t x hi cp trung ng v a phng, ii) tng hp nhng h tr ca cc nh ti tr cho ngnh cp thot nc ti khu vc nghin cu, v iii) kho st v phng vn cc c quan lin quan, cc cng ty cp thot nc ti min Bc v min Trung. Tip tc nghin cu trong giai on tip theo cc ni dung nh iv) kho st, phng vn cc c quan lin quan ti min Nam, v v) xc nh cc vn v xut cc bin php gii quyt. Tp 3, bo co nghin cu v cp thot nc trong b P/R (2) ny trnh by tin nghin cu n thng 3 nm 2011.

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Tp 01: Bo co chnh

CHNG 4 K HOCH HOT NG TRONG GIAI ON TIP THEO

(1) K hoch hot ng ca cc Nghin cu ngnh n thng 3 nm 2011, cng tc thu thp s liu, thng tin ca cch nghin cu theo ngnh gn nh hon tt. Cc kho st c thc hin bi n v t vn cng kt thc, kt qu ca cc kho st ny c s dng hiu r thm v hin trng tng ngnh. B P/R (2) ny c tng hp v i) hin trng ca tng ngnh, ii) xc nh cc vn , v iii) cc kt qu s b v cc nh hng v bin php gii quyt cc vn xc nh. Mt s ngnh nh i) qun l cht lng khng kh v ii) cp thot nc ang trong qu trnh phn tch hin trng xc nh cc vn . Cc nh hng v bin php gii quyt vn vn s tip tc c lm r v pht trin trong giai on nghin cu tip theo, v c tng hp trong d tho bo co tng kt (DF/R) vo thng 5/ thng 6 nm 2011. n thng 3 nm 2011, nghin cu v qun l cht lng khng kh vn ang trong qu trnh thu thp s lu do vic chun b v tin hnh kho st thng qua cc n v t vn chim phn ln thi gian trong giai on u ca nghin cu. n giai on tip theo, nghin cu ny tip tc xc nh cc vn cn tn ti v cc nh hng/ gii php cho cc vn ny. Nghin cu v cp thot nc ang trong qu trnh thu thp thng tin do y l lnh vc lin quan nhiu i tng khc nhau. Tin ca nghin cu c trnh by r trong Tp 3 ca b bo co ny. Nghin cu ny s tip tc lm r cc vn v xut nh hng/ bin php gii quyt da trn hin trng ca ngnh v c tng hp trong bo co tip theo. (2) K hoch cu cc nghin cu theo ch SP-RCC Nghin cu gii php c chai cho cc d n CDM gn c hon thin vo thng 11 nm 2010, d tho cui cng ca bo co c xy dng. D tho bo co c chnh sa da trn cc kin ca cc i tng lin quan pha Nht Bn ng gp n thng 2 nm 2011. Nhm nghin cu s tip tc cng tc vi c quan Vit Nam c lin quan (DMHCC/ MONRE) hon thin bo co ny. Nghin cu v ng ph vi bin i kh hu trong xy dng h tng qun l th hon thnh mt na k hoch. Nghin cu ny s tip tc c tin hnh xc nh mu TOR cho cc dch v t vn trong giai on nghin cu kh thi (F/S) hay giai on thit k cc d n pht trin h tng, da trn cc pht hin t trc n nay. Nghin cu p dng v qun l dng chy ti thiu gn hon thin bao gm vic a ra cc nguyn tc xc nh dng chy ti thiu cng nh khuyn ngh v TOR chun xc nh dng chy ti thiu. Nhm nghin cu bt u lm vic vi DWRM / MONRE t thng 12 nm 2010. Qua , cc vn s c xc nh r rng hn v kt qu nghin cu s hiu qu hn . Nghin cu l trnh thnh lp y ban lu vc sng hon thin c mt na k hoch. Vic nh gi cc vn bn c hon thin v nghin cu ang giai an xy dng l trnh thnh lp cc y ban. T thng 1 nm 2011, nhm nghin cu bt u lm vic vi DWRM / MONRE v s tip tc cng tc vi DWRM trong thi gian ti c th thng nht c hin trng v s sn sng thnh lp cc y ban v xc nh cc nhu cu/ kh khn trong thnh lp v a cc y ban ny vo hot ng. (3) C ch bo co ca SUEM Theo tin ca SUEM, cc kt qu ca Nghin cu s c tng hp theo trnh t thi gian nh sau; i) D tho bo co tng kt (DF/R) vo thng 5/ hoc thng 6 nm 2011, v ii) Bo co tng kt (F/R) vo thng 8 nm 2011. Ngoi ra, bo co ca cc nghin cu theo tng ch v chnh sch SP-RCC s c xy dng ring vi bo co cho Nghin cu v cc lnh vc 29
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Nghin cu Qun l mi trng th Vit Nam

Tp 01: Bo co chnh

trn. Cc bo co s c chia s vi cc c quan Vit Nam c ng gp kin v ci thin ni dung trong cc kt qu tip theo

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