: Standard Drawings for Long Span Bridge

3
: Standard Drawings for Long Span Bridge
:
: 1.

0-2354-1042-3

30 30

(Box
Girder Bridge)
Balance Cantilever (Approach Bridge) Span
by Span 60 80
1 , 3 5 40

 Box-Girder

20

I-Girder

(Long Span Bridge)

Project Information


.
.
9/2546 26 2546

Box Girder

(3x60),
60), (5
(5x60),
60), ((33x80)
80)
(5x80)
80) 2 3

60
80 1

Project Information





Approach Structure

Project Information

INTRODUCTION TO
BOX - GIRDER BRIDGE
BALANCE CANTILEVER

Tromso Bridge, Norway

80 m Span, Built in 1958

Introduction

Raftsundet Bridge, Norway

298 m Span, Built in 1998

Nangklao Bridge, Thailand

84 m Span, Built in 1983

Introduction

Pinklao Bridge , Thailand

114 m Span, Built in 1971

Rama III Bridge , Thailand

226 m Span, Built in 1996

Introduction

Rama V Bridge , Thailand

130 m Span, Built in 1999

New Nonthaburi Bridge , Thailand

160 m Span

Introduction

New Nangklao Bridge , Thailand

229 m Span

FREE CANTILEVER METHOD

Introduction

THE PRINCIPLE OF FREE CANTILEVERING

PROCEDURE OF BALANCED CANTILEVERING

1) ASSEMBLY OF FIRST TRAVELLER
2) FIRST TRAVELLER READY FOR CONCRETING
ASSEMBLY OF SECOND TRAVELLERS
3) SECOND TRAVELLER READY FOR CONCRETING
4) STRESSING OF CABLES

Introduction

5) ADVANCING OF TRAVELLERS CONCRETING OF THIRD SEGMENT

FIRST TRAVELLERS READY FOR CONCRETING OF FOURTH SEGMENT

TYPICAL CABLE LAYOUT

TWIN WALL TYPE PIER

Introduction

CROSS - SECTION

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

Introduction

PIERHEAD AND FIRST SEGMENT

CANTILEVERING ON ONE PIER

Introduction

CANTILEVERING ON ANOTHER SIDE

CANTILEVERING

Introduction

10

MID SPAN CLOUSURE

COUNTER WEIGHT

Introduction

11

CONNECTED AT MIDSPAN

MULTISPAN BRIDGE

Introduction

12

STAGE OF CONSTRUCTION

Stage 1 Concreting finished

Stage 2 Moving into next span

Stage 1 Ready for concreting

LAUNCHING

Introduction

13

READY FOR CONCRETEING

CONCRETEING

Introduction

14

GANTRY FOR PRECAST SEGMENT

Introduction

15

PRECAST SEGMENT

PRECAST SEGMENT

Introduction

16

EXTERNAL PRESTRESSING

Introduction

17


BOX
BOX--GIRDER
1

Bridge Construction

 Jetty

Bridge Construction

Bridge Construction

 Platform Precast Element

Precast Element

Bridge Construction

Pierhead

10

Bridge Construction

 Pierhead

11

12

Bridge Construction

13

14

Bridge Construction

15

Segment

16

Bridge Construction

 Segment

17

18

Bridge Construction

19

20

Bridge Construction

10

21

Concrete Barrier

22

Bridge Construction

11

 Aphetic Topping

23

24

Bridge Construction

12

25

Bridge Construction

13

(Main Bridge
Crossing River)
(Elevated UU-Turn Bridge)

(Main Bridge
Crossing River)

40
40..0+3x60.
60.0+40 .
40
40+
+5x60
60..0+40 .
50
50+
+1x80
80..0+50 .
50
50+
+3x80.
80.0+50 .
50
50+
+5x80
80..0+50 .

2 3

Main Bridge Analysis

Design Criteria

Dead Load
Live Load

1.5 HS 2020-44 according to agreement with DOH to

accommodate 28 tons truck and 56 tons semisemi-trailer

Earthquake

Max horizontal ground acceleration 0.2 g

Details for hoops reinforcement according to earthquake
zone

MATERIALS

Main Bridge Analysis

Concrete
Grade 50 for Superstructure
Grade 40 for Substructure
Grade 30 for piles
Steel minimum yield strength 400 MPa
Steel,
Prestressing steel, breaking stress 1860 MPa

Main Bridge Analysis


(LAYOUT)

Main Bridge Analysis

Construction of Foundation and Pier Head

Main Bridge Analysis

1) ASSEMBLY OF FIRST TRAVELLER

2) FIRST TRAVELLER READY FOR CONCRETING
ASSEMBLY OF SECOND TRAVELLERS
3) SECOND TRAVELLER READY FOR CONCRETING
4) STRESSING OF CABLES
5) ADVANCING OF TRAVELLERS CONCRETING OF THIRD SEGMENT
FIRST TRAVELLERS READY FOR CONCRETING OF FOURTH SEGMENT

Main Bridge Analysis

Segment Coupling

Main Bridge Analysis

TYPICAL CABLE LAYOUT

TWIN WALL TYPE PIER

Main Bridge Analysis

Structural Analysis

Main Bridge Analysis

Structural Models

Separate between main bridge and viaduct as

standard drawing must accommodate all
possible combination of span length.
For other problems, the complete bridge may
be modeled accurately

Design Steps

Section Selection
Local Analysis
Transverse Bending
Horizontal Shear transfer
Anchor block (blisters)

Global Analysis
Longitudinal reinforcement for Flexure for ULS and SLS
Shear and Torsion for ULS

Detailing

Main Bridge Analysis

10

Section Selection
Depth

l
l

15 25

= span length at pier head varies to 2.0000-

2.50 m at centerline

Top slab thickness depends of transverse moment (length between webs)

usually 200 mm -280 mm

Web thickness (control by shear requirement) approximately 400 mm for

cast--in
cast
in--place concrete highway bridge with normal loading

Bottom Slab Thickness varies with maximum value at pier head due to
negative moment.

Main Bridge Analysis

11

Design for Transverse Bending

Dead Load by hand calculation or computer
model
Live Load by influence surface chart by
Pucher ((1977
1977)) or Homberg
In ggeneral, Influence Chart is good
g
enough
g for
design purpose

Main Bridge Analysis

12

Misc.
Horizontal Shear Transfer

Main Bridge Analysis

VQ may be used
Ib
Blisters, provision in AASHTO 9.21 may be
adopted

13

Global Analysis

For Superstructures
Group 1 normally controls

For Substructure
Group 6 or 7 normally controls for multiple spans
space frame structure

Main Bridge Analysis

14

Design of Superstructure

Unlike buildings, bridge must be designed

according to the construction sequence
Design Check must be carried out for
During Construction
At bridge opening
At long
g term

Effect of moment redistribution due to creep

Construction Sequence Analysis

Pier Head

Main Bridge Analysis

15

Complete Bridge

Typical Bending Moment Diagram

Dead Load (Construction)

*** European sign convention

Main Bridge Analysis

16

 Live Load

Top Slab Tendon (total Moment due to Top

Slab Tendon)

Main Bridge Analysis

17

 Bottom Slab Tendon (total Moment) for SLS

Bottom Slab (Secondary Moment) for ULS

Main Bridge Analysis

18

Creep Redistribution

Check for the Capacity of the Cross Section

From calculated M,V from dead and live

load, estimate the number of tendon

required
At Serviceability Limit State P Mc
Check for Bending Stress

Check for Flexural Strength at ULS

Check for Shear and Torsion

Main Bridge Analysis

19

Main Bridge Analysis

20

Main Bridge Analysis

21

Design of Substructure

Calculate the factored load from the global

analysis. Normally, group 6 or 7 dominate the
design
Estimate the strength of column > force
demand
Iterate if required

Balanced Cantilever
Camber
Time Dependent Deformation of Concrete due to
creep and shrinkage
Depends of Construction Sequence
Accuracy within tolerable limit to avoid problems
att coupling
li

Main Bridge Analysis

22


(Approach Bridge)

Construction Procedure

Main Bridge Analysis

23

Construction Sequence (continued.)

Use of Falsework
Erection truss

Type of Erection Truss

- Under Slung Truss
- Over Head Truss

Main Bridge Analysis

24

Under Slung Truss

Main Bridge Analysis

25


- Segment Over Head
-
-

-
-

Over Head Truss

Main Bridge Analysis

26

Main Bridge Analysis

27

,
- R >/= 85 .

- Truss
-
-

Design Step

Similar to Main Bridge only the construction

procedure are different
Selection of Construction Joint Location=
point of Contraflexure

Main Bridge Analysis

28

STAGE 1

STAGE 2

Main Bridge Analysis

29

STAGE 2

STAGE 3

Main Bridge Analysis

30

Main Bridge Analysis

31

Main River Crossing Bridge and Viaduct

Main Bridge
40
40++3-60+
60+40
40
40++5-60+
60+40
50
50++1-80+
80+50
50
50++3-80+
80+50
50
50++5-80+
80+50

Main Bridge Application

maximum column height 20

20m
m
Viaduct
typical span 40 m, end span 32 m
Expansion joint for the last 3 span near abutment
Maximum 5 continuous spans for the rest

Main Bridge Application

Bridge Geometry, Profile Grade

Span Length, River Width
Navigational Channel
Clearance for uu--turn under the bridge (if any)
Clearance for crossing roads and elevated bridges
(if any)
Estimated Pile Tip Elevations (Soil Condition)

Main Bridge Application

Example 1
Design Criteria
River Width 330 m.
Navigational Channel 40m
40m width required
clearance height 5.60 m from HWL
No uu--turn and crossing road
Max profile grade 4%

Layout

Main Bridge Application

Alternative 1

Alternative 2

Main Bridge Application

Example 2
Design Criteria
River Width 330 m.
Navigational Channel 40m
40m width required
clearance height 5.60 m from HWL
Clearance for uu-turn 5.50 m
Max profile
f l grade
d 4%

Selected Bridge

Main Bridge Application

Case Study

Design Criteria
River Width 440 m.
Navigational Channel width 60m,
60m, required
clearance height 10
10..00 m from HWL
No uu-turn and crossing road
Max profile
f l grade
d 4%

Main Bridge Application

Selected Bridge

Main Bridge Application