$ Fæzp ("Fi Ÿgø-: (36) Fæøøp (Hfi E D Æ (' (3) ÷. 1 1

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E<¥K ÷¥ÆØ„T¥¶<gN¥ ∑g¶„ $ <¥K √¶„≤>∂ - <GK¶÷϶ - ¥¯T¶„Ødfi¶¥∑¶Æ¶∑’ ∑g¶„ $ jg¶„&zZæ∑’ ¥g∑N¥ «√T∏¶„ gÆbgƶT∂KTxg¶∑¥¶<gN¥ $ <¥K √¶„dF
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 1 [1]

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c - ¥¶„Ƶg¶b ¥¯T √∑ÆK¶∑’ ∑g¶„ $ <¥K ¥æ√æŒ - Ø„T¶∑’ ∑g¶„ $ LLL ˚∂¸FÆzP{“fi¥‡Ÿgø- LLL fi∂Ê>P{¶«¶hd√¶Z¶: "808' j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ c
c c
c <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏¶g„ ¶Ïfiϵ¸„ ∏<«∆„ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "1002'$1$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏¶g„ ¶Ïfiϵ¸„ <«∆„ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "1036'$2$ P{hfib c
c c
c <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ fiß„{ ¶Ïfiϵ¸„ <«∆„ T¶ ∏<«∆„ T¶ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $3$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂∑’ fiß„{ ¶Ïfiϵ¸„ ∏<«∆„ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $4$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂∑’ fiß„{ c
c ¶Ïfiϵ¸„ <«∆„ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[®, ¥„&<T d <T<Æ<«∆„, j¶„ ~„T ∑’ ∏<T<Æ<«∆„ (fiϵ¸fi√K∑’ "1089') $5$ ¥„ √¶g’<¥ T¶ j√K’<¥ T¶ Á„≤>’<¥ T¶ P{Ω¸≤>’<¥ T¶ c
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c fiu>∑’<¥ T¶ g≤>µ¸’<¥ T¶ ∏¶√K’<¥ T¶ ض„∑gæ’Æ<¥ T¶ <j√g’<¥ T¶ K¶dƶ<∑*¥∂ T¶ ∏¶¥g’<¥ T¶ ¥’<jT„¥’<¥ T¶ ¥’T¶Æ’<¥ T¶ O¶„¥’<¥ T¶ ∏’<¥d’<¥ T¶ fiæ≤>«„d∑’<¥ c
c c
c T¶ ¥fiKaÁ„T’<¥ ∏¸¶<ÆKd’<¥ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ Æ„gªÂ<√µÆ¶¥æ ®√’ g¶¥’ TzZ® $6$ ¥„ √¶g’<¥ T¶ G¶T K¶dƶ<∑*<¥ T¶ ¥fiKaÁ„T’<¥ ¥¸¶<ÆKd’<¥ P{hfib c
c c
c <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ Æ„gªÂ<√µÆ¶¥æ ض„ g¶¥„ TzZ®, ∏ªÂ¶„ ®√’ g¶¥’ ¸¶<Æ* ®√’ g¶¥’, ∏ªÂ¶„ T¥g¶∑¶∑’ ∏ªÂ¶„ <«Pø{Á¶dKd¶ ¸¶<Æ* T¥g¶∑∂∑’ ¸¶<Æ* <«Pø{Á¶dKd¶ $7$ ¥„ c
c c
c √¶g’<¥ T¶ G¶T K¶dƶ<∑*<¥ T¶ ¥fiKaÁ„T’<¥ ∏¸¶<ÆKd’<¥ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂∑’ Æ„gªÂ<√µÆ¶¥æ ض„ g¶¥„ TzZ® $8$ ¥„ √¶g’<¥ T¶ G¶T K¶dƶ<∑*<¥ T¶ ¥fiKaÁ„T’<¥ c
c c
c ¥¸¶<ÆKd’<¥ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ Æ„g’Â<√µÆ¶¥æ ~[¶K g¶¥„ TzZ®, ∏’¶„ ض„ g¶¥„ ¸¶<Æ* ض„ g¶¥„, ∏’¶„ T¥g¶∑∂∑’ ∏’¶„ <«aÁ¶dKd¶ ¸¶<Æ* T¥g¶∑∂∑¶’ ¸¶<Æ* c
c c
c <«aÁ¶dKd¶, "21-30'$9$0 ¥„ √¶g’<¥ T¶ G¶T K¶dƶ<∑*<¥ T¶ ®√T√≤>¶® ®√ØÿT¶K¶® ,√<jPø{Ág∑fiT„¥¶® j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ d <j‘√’Z∂∑ d ®√d∏¶„ c
c c
c TzZ® $10$ ¥„ √¶¥’<¥ T¶ G¶T K¶dƶ<∑*<¥ T¶ ∏<«<j¯T√≤>¶® ∏<«<jØøØÿT¶K¶® ∏<« (∑„√) <jaÁg∑fiT„¥¶® P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑ d ®√d∏¶„ TzZ® "2300'$11$ c
c c
c j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ ∏¶T∑<√Æ’<¥ T¶ KzZ¶gæÆ’<¥ T¶ <¥]ø{O¶≤>√’<¥ T¶ <Âd’<¥ T¶ ~÷ß’{<¥ T¶ ~ÇK’<¥ T¶ ∏’ÂK¶T∑’<¥ T¶ TzZ® $12$ P{hfi’b <j‘√’Z¶∑’ c
c c
c ∏¶T∑<√Æ’<¥ T¶ G¶T ∏’ÂK¶T∑’<¥ T¶ TzZ® "2330'$13$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ ∏T]ø{√ædØÿT¶K® ÷TN¥® TzZ®, ®√’ fizZ¶K’ ∏’¶„ P{Ƕ ®√’ fizZ¶K’ ¸¶<Æ* c
c c
c P{Ƕ ∏¶„ƶ≤>d<~<Ï<g<Ïd¶√’<¥ ®TrÆ’ P{hfib TzZ® "2357'$14$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑’ ∏T]ø{√ædØÿT¶K® ÷TN¥® TzZ® "2366'$15$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ c
c c
c ∏’¶„<Ï[d’ O≤>g[d’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "2369'$16$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑’ ∏’¶„<Ï[d’ O≤>g[d’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "2375'$17$ P{hfib c
c c
c <j‘√’Z¶∑’ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ~„Ï<~<Ï<g<Ïd’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "2387'$18$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ Ø√Â∂K’<¥ <~X>[® T¶ <j¥∂b[® c
c c
c T¶ Âædu>[® T¶ <jW¶b[® T¶ fid϶b[® T¶ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 ∏¶Æ¶Kg¶Æ¶K„[® T¶ ÷ǶK’ T¶ fi¶¥T∑’ T¶ Á„Ï’ T¶ <¥*O¶∑’ T¶ fiKX>T„[®, ¥¢D¶d’ T¶ P{K„[®, c
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c cµgG¶√Kd’ T¶ G¶√K[®, D¶∑’ T¶ D¶b[®, P{¶÷N¥√’ T¶ P{K[®, Ê>¶∑’ T¶ Ê>¶b[® "2430'$19$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ¥<~[P{µg„ ÷TN¥® c
c c
c TzZ® $20$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏<~[P{µg„ ÷TN¥® TzZ® "2438'$21$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ ¥¶√¶Kd’ ∏<jN¥¶® TzZ® $22$ P{hfib c
c c
c <j‘√’Z∂∑’ ¥¶√¶Kd<jN¥¶® TzZ® "2450'$23$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑’ ¥¶√¶Kd<jN¥¶® T¶ ∏<jN¥¶® T¶ TzZ® "2453'$24$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ c
c T¶ ¥¶√¶K® ÷TN¥® TzZ®, P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏hfi¥¶√¶K® ÷TN¥® TzZ® "2555'$25$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑’ b\zZ¥¶√¶K® ÷TN¥® TzZ® c
c c
c $26$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑’ fiæK¥¥¶√¶K® ÷TN¥® TzZ® $27$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ fiæK¥¥¶√¶K® ÷TN¥® TzZ® $28$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ b\zZ¥¶√¶K® ÷TN¥® c
c c
c TzZ® "2587'$29$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑’ fi≤>¸x¶® ¥„ɶ® TzZ® $30$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ fi≤>¸x¶® ¥„ɶ® TzZ® "2633'$31$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑’ c
c c
c √¶Æ¶TbPæ{ÏN¥ g¢D’g¢D„∑’ √’Â’æ TzZ® $32$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ √¶Æ¶TbPæ{ÏN¥ g¢D’g¢D„∑’ √æ’Âæ’ TzZ® "2680'$33$ <«aÁ‡ d ∏<Æ√K∑’ P{tø>tæ> Â’ ∏<Æ√K∑’ c
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H Æb…DıÒK :- #¶. Æb…. Á“V◊fib Á÷“Zfi Ê“b÷Á“Ïœ® Æb˙Tb - PDıfiT - j˙T Á“·Gı (g®ÆÏb˙bÍb
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(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 1,2 [2]

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c ÷T¥g„ɶ bÚE>¶® fiK¶„ j¶„ ÷T¥g„ɶ, G¶„ ÷T¥gb ÂN¥ ∏\zZ ∏¶K¶Æ∑¶ G¶„ j ÷T¥gb ÂN¥ j\zZ ∏¶K¶Æ∑¶, µƶ ∏hfi∑¶ ~„T ÷T¥<gd¯T’. ¥„ P{g¶Æÿ «’„ ? c
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c ÷T¥g¥¶K’ Áæ ¥¶gr∑’ "2738'$34$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ T¶¥¶T¶¥¶¥æ ~¶K® $35$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ Æ„g’Â<√µÆ¶¥æ ~¶K® c
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c "2763'$36$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ T„KÉ<Tm{xKÉ’<¥ ¥É’ √g∑’ ¥É’ ∏¶√g∑’ ¥É’ √g∑¶√g∑’ P{K„[®, G„ ÁÏæ <j‘√’Z„ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂ T¶ c
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c T„KÉ<Tm{x’KÉ’<¥ ¥É’ √g∑’ ∏¶√g∑’ ¥É’ √g∑¶√g∑’ P{K„b P{K„*Â’ T¶ ¥¶bÉb ¥„ ØÿÆ∏¶„ T∂bß{gg¶∑„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ c
c c
c "2795'$37$ <j‘√’Z’ ~ ∑’ √¶Æ¶TbPæ{Ï’ <fi*≤>T¶dfi≤>d¶® ∏∑æhfi<TX>’ P„{by TzZ„∑ T¶ fi≤>‘√Æ„∑ T¶ P{µ¸Ï„∑ T¶ fi¶dfiæ’E>∑„∑ T¶ ÷T<jg’„ɶ P{hfib ¥„ ¥¶√¶KP{≤>’ c
c c
c √ƶd ∏¶dKdfi¶dg‡Ï„ Ê>T„[¶ ض„Ç’<fi ÷‘√Æ’ ∏∑æ∆T„[¶ fiKƶK’ fiKÆK[® "2818'$38$ <j‘√’Z’ ~ ∑’ ¸<Æd¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ <T*ƶK«‡<g* T¶ <jaÁ’Â’ ¥g¶∑’ c
c c
c P„{b TzZ„∑ T¶ fi≤>‘√Æ„∑ T¶ P{µ¸Ï„∑ T¶ fi¶dfiæ’E>∑„∑ T¶ ÷T<jg’„ɶ P{hfib ¥„ ¥¶√¶KP{≤>’0 "2819'$39$ <j‘√’<Z* ~ ∑’ √¶Æ¶TbPæ{Ï’ <fi*≤>T¶dfi≤>d¶® c
c c
c ∏∑æhfi<TX>’Â’ ~„T ∑TK’ fiT<[∑∂fi¶dg‡Ï„ Ê>T„[¶0$40$ <j‘√’<Z* ~ ∑’ ¸<Æd¶ <TƶK«‡<g* T¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ G¶T fiKƶK’ fiKÆK[® "2840'$41$ j¶„ P{hfib c
c c
c <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $42$ j∆zZ ®√„∑’ fiæ¯Tfi≤>Ï„<Æ®∑’ ¥„ɶ¥’Z¶K®∑’ "2873'$43$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ c
c c
c T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ TzZ’ T¶ fi≤>‘√Æ’ T¶ P{µ¸Ï’ T¶ fi¶dfiæME>∑’ T¶ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "3005'$44$ j∆zZ ®√¶® ÆKd¶Æ≤>d¶®, ¥¶<T d fiK«æ[¶ c
c c
c T¶ c¶„d¶ T¶ K[¶ T¶ OX>¶ T¶ gX>¶ T¶ ¥’fic‡<gd¶ T¶ "3042' $45$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ ∏x¶∑√g∑’ ®[® "3142' c
c c
c $46$0 ¥’Á≤>* T¶ ¥’Á≤>fi≤>d¶® ∏x¶∑√g∑’ ®[® "3210'$47$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZN¥ ®√¶<∑dN¥ K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ ¸<Æd¶ <TƶK«‡<g* T¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ c
c c
c <jaÁ<g[® T¶ fi<T<¥[® T¶, P{hfib ¥„ ∏hfi<¸bdN¥ T¶ ∏hfiÂbdN¥ T¶ K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ ¸<Æd¶ <TƶK«‡<g* T¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ <jaÁ<g[® T¶ fi<T<¥[® c
c c
c T¶ "3225' $48$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂® ®√¶<∑d¶® K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ ¸<Æd¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ <TƶK«‡<g* T¶ <jaÁ<g[® T¶ fi<T<¥[® T¶, P{hfib ¥„ ∏hfiÂbd¶® c
c c
c T¶ ∏hfi~÷zZ∂® T¶ K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ ¸<Æd¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ <TƶK«‡<g* T¶ <jaÁ<g[® T¶ fi<T<¥[® T¶ "3243'$49$ fiæK\zZg„∑’ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ c
c <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ G¶T ∏åg√ƶ∏¶„ ®[® Ø\aÁ∑„∑’0 G¶T P{¶„¥µ¸∂∏¶„ ®[® fiÇ\zZg„∑’0 G¶T Zæ∑¶<T¥d¶∏¶„ ®[® ÷[K„∑’ G¶T Pæ{∑¶Ï¶<T¥d¶∏¶„ ®[®, c
c c
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c ®d¶Td¶T P{hfib, ®d¶Td¶T ∏¶K® Á„[„, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ®[¶„ ¸¶<Æ*, „∑ fiK’ GzZ j¶∑Ø’¥∑~K[¶b’ ÷N¥hfi\ªÂ<[¸„<g "3293'$  50$$ fi >g¶„ c
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c ÷W„¥∏¶„ 1$$  ÷TN¥dN¥ ∏ªÂ¶„ T√≤>¶® ¥¶Ï∂<∑ T¶ T∂Æ∂<∑ T¶ gæ‘√¶<∑ T¶ g¶¥¶<∑ T¶ <Â϶<∑ T¶ Pæ{ÏzZ¶<∑ T¶ √¶„c‡g¶<∑ T¶ GT¶<∑ T¶ c
c c
c GTGT¶<∑ T¶ ∏¶„P{r∑¶<∑ T¶ <T\aÁr∑¶<∑ T¶ <TP{r∑¶<∑ T¶ <Thfibr∑¶<∑ T¶ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏ƶϪØg<T TzZ® "20'$1$ ∏Æ c
c c
c fiæ∑ ®T’ G¶∑„ɶ-j¶„ ∏¶„P{r∑¶<∑ j¶„ <T\aÁr∑¶b’ j¶„ <TP{r∑¶<∑ j¶„ <Thfibr∑¶b’ K¶<¥P{≤>¶<∑ T¶ <«<[P{≤>¶<∑ T¶ fiæ’GP{≤>¶<∑ T¶ Pæ{<ÏdP{≤>¶<∑ T¶ Ï\ME>d¶<∑ c
c c
c T¶ gæ<Wd¶<∑ T¶ <fi<Æd¶<∑ T¶ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ Æ„gªÂ<√µÆ¶¥æ TzZ® "103'$2$ ∏Æ fiæ∑ ®T’ G¶∑„ɶ-j¶„ K¶<¥P{≤>¶b’ j¶„ fiæÄP{≤>¶b’ j¶„ c
c c
c <«<[P{≤>¶b’ j¶„ Pæ{<ÏdP{≤>¶b’ P{¶„X>¶÷[¶<∑ T¶ fiѶ÷[¶<∑ T¶ gŶ÷[¶<∑ T¶ g¶Ï¶÷[¶<∑ T¶ ∏¶„<Ï[¶<∑ T¶ <T<Ï[¶<∑ T¶ Ï\ME>d¶<∑ T¶ gæ<Wd¶<∑ T¶ c
c c
c <fi<Æd¶K T¶ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ T¶¥¶T¶¥’ TzZ® "186'$3$ ÷TN¥dN¥ ∏’¶„ T√≤>¶® ¥æK¶<Td≤>Pæ{µ«„ T¶ ¥¶„T∂Kd<Td≤>Pæ{µ«„ T¶ ÷T<j\aÁ[„ c
c <¥d¶ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏ƶϪØg<T TzZ®, ÆÿKzZ¶ d ÷TN¥d’ fi≤>Ï„Æg¶∑„ j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ®√K¶d’ T¶ ØÿK¶d’ T¶ <TzZ®, j¶„ ¥„ c

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˚∂ ∏¶√g√æ∑g’Gœ‡ ¶ - 1442
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EP{hfib ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ TzZ®, G„ ÂzZ ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ T¥„ɶ ¥„ ¥ªÂK¶ E>„® T¶ fiKƶK„ T¶ $4$ ÷TN¥dN¥ ∏ªÂ¶„ T√≤>F
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 2 [3]

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c c
c j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ®√K¶d’ T¶ ØÿK¶d’ T¶ TzZ®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ TzZ®, G„ ÂzZ ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ T¥„ɶ ¥„ c
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c ¥ªÂK¶ E>„® T¶ fiKƶK„ T¶ "221'$5$ ÷TN¥®N¥ ∏ªÂ¶„ T√≤>¶® ¥¯TK¶b® G¶„by <Dd¶®É¶ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏ƶϪØg<T TzZ®, ÆÿKzZ¶ c
c c
c d ÷TN¥d’ fi≤>Ï„Æg¶∑„ j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ®√K¶d’ T¶ ØÿK¶d’ T¶ TzZ®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ TzZ®, G„ ÂzZ ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ c
c c
c ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ T¥„ɶ ¥„ ¥ªÂK¶ E>„® T¶ fiKƶK„ T¶ "250'$6$ ÷TN¥dN¥ ∏’¶„ T√≤>¶® ¥¯TK¶b® fibyT„ <Øhfi„ɶ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ<Í ¥K c
c c
c ∏ƶÏgªØ<T TzZ®, ÆÿKzZ¶ d ÷TN¥d’ fi≤>Ï„Æg¶∑„ j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ®√K¶d’ T¶ ØÿK¶d’ T¶ TzZ®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ TzZ®, c
c c
c G„ ÂzZ ®√K¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ ØÿK¶d¶∏¶„ T¶ fiK’ T¥„ɶ ¥„ ¥ªÂK¶ E>„® T¶ fiKƶK„ T¶ "263'$7$ ÷TN¥dN¥ ∏’¶„ T√≤>¶® <fir≤>® T¶ ϶„d® T¶ Á∂K’ T¶ Ø<Æ* T¶ ¥\hfi* c
c c
c T¶ jT∑∂® T¶ „ф T¶ ◊{¶<∑d’ T¶ fi‡T„ T¶ ¥ßæ{Ï∂ T¶ <¥<ÆK∑∂ T¶ ∏¶„P{r∑¶<∑ T¶ <TP{r∑¶<∑ T¶ <Tb<√r∑¶<∑ T¶ <Thfibr∑¶<∑ T¶ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ c
c c
c <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏ƶϪØg<T TzZ® "269'$8$ ∏Æ fiæ∑ ®T’ G¶∑„ɶ j¶„ ∏¶„P{r∑¶b’0 K¶<¥P{≤>¶<∑ T¶ fiæÄP{≤>¶<∑ T¶ <«<[P{≤>¶<∑ T¶ Pæ{<ÏdP{≤>¶<∑ T¶ c
c c
c Ï\ME>T<∑ ¥K gæ<Wd¶<∑ T¶ <fi<Æd¶<∑ T¶ T¶ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ Æ„g’Â<√µÆ¶¥æ TzZ® "272'$9$ ∏Æ fiæ∑ ®T’ G¶∑„ɶ-j¶„ K¶<¥√≤>¶b’ G¶T j¶„ c
c c
c <«<[P{≤>¶b’ P{¶„X>¶÷[¶<∑ T¶ fiѶ÷[¶<∑ T¶ gŶ÷[¶<∑ T¶ g¶Ï÷[¶<∑ T¶ Pæ{\µ«÷[¶<∑ T¶ P{K<«÷[¶<∑ T¶ ∏¶„<Ï[¶<∑ T¶ <T<Ï[¶<∑ T¶ <fi<Æd¶<∑ T¶ c
c c
c Ï\ME>d¶<∑ T¶ gæ<Wd¶<∑ T¶ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ T¶¥¶T¶¥’ TzZ® "274' $10$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ ∏Æ„ ∏¶√g∑<√Æ’<¥ T¶ <Td≤><√Æ’<¥ T¶ c
c c
c T’¥∂g‡Ï’<¥ T¶ ŒaÁg‡Ï’<¥ T¶ ∏Ω«¶T√¶<¥d’<¥ T¶ TzZ® "300'$11$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ ∏Æ„ ∏¶√g∑<√Æ’<¥ T¶ <Td≤><√Æ’<¥ T¶ T’¥∂g‡Ï’<¥ T¶ m{aÁg‡Ï’<¥ c
c c
c T¶ ∏Ω«¶T√¶<¥d’<¥ T¶ TzZ® "308'$12$ ®√„ ¥¶√¶K® fi¶KƶK® ض„ <Â\r∑ ~[¶K fiÅ ¥¶√¶Kd¶ fi¶KƶKd¶ ®√’ ÂzZ P{hfi¶√’ Ê>Tb[¶ ∏T¥„¥„ <j\¯T¥„ɶ c
c c
c "375'$13$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ¥¶√¶Kd<fir≤>’ ¸<Æd¶ ∏j∂Æ≤>’ ∏¥’¥X>’ ¥’¥X>’ T¶ fi≤>‘√¶Æ¶„[® "386'$14-15$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ c
c c
c <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ¥¶√¶Kd<fir≤>’ ¸<Æd¶ j∂Æ≤>’ ∏¥’¥X>’ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $16$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ¥¶√¶Kd<fir≤>’ ¸<Æd¶ j∂Æ≤>’ ¥’¥X>’ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® c
c $17$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªÂ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ¥¶√¶Kd<fir≤>’ ¸<Æd¶ j∂Æ≤>’ ∏¥’¥X>’ ¥’¥X>’ P{K„[®, G¶„ ÁÏæ <j‘√ªZ¶„ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂ T¶ ¥¶√dK<fi‚>’ ¸<Æd¶ j∂Æ≤>’ c
c c
c ∏¥’¥X>’ ¥’¥X>’ P{K„b P{K„ªÂ’ T¶ ¥¶bÉb ¥„ ØÿÆ∏¶„ T∂bß{gg¶∑„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ "401'$18$ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ ∏¶Æ≤>d¶ ¥¶√¶K®∑’ c
c c
c fi≤>‘√<ƶ µƶ ضT® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $19$ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ ∏¶Æ≤>d¶ ¥¶√¶K®∑’ ∏fi≤>‘√<ƶ µƶ ضT® ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "420'$20$ c
c c
c ¥¶√¶KdN¥ j∂Æ≤>d¶ fiK„∑ ∏fi≤>‘√<ƶ µƶ ضT® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $21$ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ j∂Æ≤>d¶ fiK„∑ fi<Æ‘√<ƶ µƶ ضT® ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib c
c c
c fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "428'$22$ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ ∏’<¥d¶∏¶„ ∏<T«[¶∏¶„ ∏¯T¶„\ÚE>∆¶∏¶„ ∏¯T¶„√≤>¶∏¶„ ∏<jɇ >¶∏¶„ µƶ ضT® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $23$ c
c c
c ¥¶√¶KdN¥ ∏’<¥d¶∏¶„ <T«[¶∏¶„ T¶„\ÚE>∆¶∏¶„ T¶„√≤>¶∏¶„ <jɇ >¶∏¶„ µƶ ضT® ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "438'$24$ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fi‡d¶«[„ ÷W„<¥® ~„b® c
c c
c fi¶Æÿ≤>d¶® ¥¶√¶KdN¥ ÷T√K∑G¶® <jX>® <j¥X>„ fi¶≤>ƶK® Â’ ¥¶√¶K∏¶„ Ø„b ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fiKG∑¶„ Ø„b µƶ ضT® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "443'$25$ c
c c
c ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fi‡d¶«[„ ÷W„<¥® ~„b® fi¶Æÿ≤>d¶® ¥¶√¶KdN¥ ÷T√K∑G¶® <jX>® <j¥X>„ ∏fi≤>ƶK® Â’ ¥¶√¶K∏¶„ Ø„b j¶„ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fiKG∑¶„ Ø„b ¥¶√¶KdN¥ c
c c
c fi‡d¶ Ø„b µƶ ضT® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib0 $26$ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fi‡d¶«[„ ÷W„<¥® ~„b® fi¶Æÿ≤>d¶® ¥¶√¶KdN¥ ÷T√K∑G¶® <jX>® <j¥X>„ ∏fi≤>ƶK® Â’ ¥¶√¶K∏¶„ Ø„b c

H cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
˚∂ ∏¶√g√æ∑g’Gœ‡ ¶ - 1443
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E¥¶√¶KdN¥ fiKG∑¶„ T¶ Ø„b µƶ ضT® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® $27$ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fi‡d¶«[„ G¶T ∏fi≤>ƶK® Â’ j¶„ ¥¶√¶K∏¶„ Ø„b j¶„ ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fiKG∑¶„F
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 2,3 [4]

c c
c Ø„b ¥¶√¶KdN¥ fi‡d¶ Ø„b µƶ ضT® ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "444'$28$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ bg¶b’ fiÅ TzZ¶b’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶, c
c c
c Â’ Gå® «å® ¥¶∑® fi¶„[® <ÂK∂≤>fiÒt>„ j¶g’ fiÅg„ "458"$29$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ bg¶b’ fiÅ KdÆK∑¶b’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶, Â’Gƶ- c
c c
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∏¶„\r∑® ÷u>® ¥¶∑® ¸x¶<~ (<Thfi¶<T) hfi® gæÅ<~\hfi®<T j¶g fiÅg„<[¸„<g "464'$ 30$$ <¸b∏¶„ ÷W„¥∏¶„ 2$$  j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ c
c
c <j‘√ªZ∂∑’ ÷TN¥d’<¥ ∏¶¥b[® T¶ <~X>[® T¶ <j¥∂b[® T¶ Âædu>[® T¶ <jW¶b[® T¶ fid϶b[® T¶ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 ∏¶Æ¶K’ ∏¶Æ¶K„[® ÷ǶK’ T¶ fi¶¥T∑’ T¶ c
c c
c Á„Ï’ T¶ <¥å¶∑’ T¶ fiKX>T„[® ¥¢D¶d’ T¶ P{K„[® D¶∑’ T¶ D¶b[® P{¶÷N¥‘√’ T¶ P{K„[® Ê>¶∑’ T¶ Ê>¶b[® "123'$1$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂∑’ <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ c
c c
c ÷TN¥d’<¥ ∏¶¥b[® G¶T Ê>¶∑’ Ê>¶b[® "126'$2$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑’ ¥Ï¶„g¶b’ ~µg¶b’ ∏<ÆX>[® "140'$3$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ ¥Ï¶„g¶b’ ~µg¶b’ ∏<ÆX>[®, c
c c
c ¥„<T d fiK«‡Â„ j¶„ ~„T ∑’ ∏fiK«‡Â„, ¥„<T d fi¶≤>ƶK® j¶„ ~„T ∑’ ∏fi≤>ƶK®, ¥„<T d ®√K¶b® j¶„ ~„T ∑’ ∏∑„√K¶b® "164'$4$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ c
c c
c <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ P{<¥∑¶b’ ~µg¶b’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "191'$5$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏P{<¥∑¶b’ ~µg¶b’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ c
c c
c "198'$6$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ P{<¥∑¶b’ TzZ¶b’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶, P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏P{<¥∑¶b’ TzZ¶b’ c¶K„[® c
c c
c T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "237'$7$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏<«∆¶b’ TzZ¶b’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ <«∆¶b’ c
c c
c TzZ¶b’ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "417'$8$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑’ ÷‘√Æ∑ªÂ√’ T¶ ÷‘√Æfiu>√’ T¶ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "422'$9$ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂∑’ c
c c
c ÷‘√Æ∑ªÂ√’ T¶ ∏¶„√¶Æ∑fiu>√’ T¶ c¶K„[® T¶ fiKÆK[® T¶ "465'$10$ <j‘√ªZ∂® d √¶Æ¶TbPæ{Ï’ <fir≤>T¶dfi≤>d¶® ∏∑æhfi<TX>¶® ~„ÏX>„ ¥gæhfiɄɶ j¶„ ¥„ c
c c
c P{hfib ∏hfi∑¶„ <jN¥¶® ~„϶b’ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[®, P{hfib ¥„ fiT<[∑∂<jN¥¶® ~„϶b’ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[®, j¶„ d ¥„ ÂzZ fiT<[∑∂ ¥g¶∑∂ <¥d¶ G„ ÂzZ ¥g¶∑„ ∏¶dK® T¶ c
c c
c ÷T¢D¶® T¶ fiT[∂ T¶ Z„K„ T¶ √∑∂ T¶ √∑ÆK„ T¶ √∑¶TÚE>„b® T¶ G’ ~ ∑’ fiæK∏¶„ P{tø>tæ> <TÆK< P{hfib ¥„ Â∆∂¥¶® ~„϶b’ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[® "505'$11$ <j‘√ªZN¥ c
c c
c Âhfi >gd¶® ¥’fi¯Tdg¶∑N¥ P{hfib KdÆK∑√¶„ÚE>√fi≤>‘√Æg¶d¶® <Â<Æ d P{<¥∑„<Æ* TzZ„<Æ* ∏¶d¶® ¥’fi¯Tb[®, ¥„ d fiæ¯T¶„TX>®, ¥„ d fiæ¯T¶„TX>® <¥d¶ ®T’ c
c c
c ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib KdÆK∑fi≤>‘√Æ√¶„ÚE>√g¶d¶® <Â<Æ d P{<¥∑„<Æ* TzZ„<Æ* ∏¶d¶® ¥’fi¯Tb[®. P{hfib ¥„ ∏ƶfiK‘√<Æd¶b’ TzZ¶b’ √ƶd ∏¶d¶® ¥’fi¯Tb[® c
c c
c "550'$12$ <j‘√ªZ∂® ∑’ Âhfi >gd¶® ¥’fi¯Tdg¶∑∂® P{hfib ¥„ KdÆK∑√¶„ÚE>√fi≤>‘√Æg¶d¶® ~÷<Æ* P{<¥∑„<Æ* TzZ„<Æ* ∏¶d¶® ¥’fi¯Tb[®, ¥¶ d fiæ¯T¶„TX>d¶ c
c c
c <¥d¶ ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib KdÆK∑√¶„ÚE>√fi≤>‘√Æg¶d¶® ~÷<Æ* P{<¥∑„<Æ* TzZ„<Æ* ∏¶d¶® ¥’fi¯Tb[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏ƶfiK‘√<Æd¶b’ TzZ¶b’ √ƶd ∏¶d¶® ¥’fi¯Tb[® c
c c
c "552'$13$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ fi >g¥g¶„¥K∑æW„¥fi[¶b’ ~„϶b’ fi≤>√¶Æ„[®, P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ض„Ç¥g¶„¥K∑æW„¥fi[¶b’ c
c c
c ~„϶b’ fi≤>√¶Æ„[® "624'$14$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏ƶK¶b<∑d¶® ~„϶b fi≤>√¶Æ„[® "683'$15$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏ƶK¶b<∑d¶® c
c ¥„ɶ¥’Z¶Kd’ fi≤>√¶Æ„[® "729'$16$ P{hfib <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏ƶK¶b<∑d¶® P{bP{µg’ P{K„[® "869'$17$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ c
c c
c ∏’ÂK<√Æ’<¥ <~X>[® T¶ ∏¶¥b[® T¶ <j¥∂b[® T¶ Âædu>[® T¶ <jW¶b[® T¶ fid϶b[® T¶ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 ∏¶Æ¶Kg¶Æ¶K„[® ÷ǶK’ T¶0 fiKX>T„[® ¥¢D¶d’ T¶ c
c c
c P{K„[® D¶∑’ T¶ D¶b[® P{¶÷N¥‘√’ T¶ P{K„[® Ê>¶∑’ T¶ Ê>¶b[®, ∏Æ fiæ∑ ®T’ G¶∑„ɶ GK¶Gær∑„ T¶<Æ® Z„K„ ÂTN¥∂ ØÿΩ¸Ï„ P{Ϫ„ GÉK® gæÚE>„É T¶ c
c c
c fiT≤>„GG T¶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏’ÂK<√Æ’<¥ <~X>[® T¶ G¶T Ê>¶∑’ T¶ Ê>¶b[® "881'$18$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏’ÂK<√Æ’<¥ G¶T ~÷√¶Æ’ T¶ c
c c
c fi’~√¶Æ’ T¶ ∏¶b\aÁ[® T¶ <T«¶<T[® T¶ P{u>[® T¶ fiT„b[® T¶ j∆zZ ®√j¶®∑ T¶ ®√T¶√K∑„∑ T¶ ®√√¶Æ¶® T¶ ®√<¥Ï¶„®∑ T¶, ¥„<T d Ê>Ƕ, j¶„ ~„T c

H cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
˚∂ ∏¶√g√æ∑g’Gœ‡ ¶ - 1444
G
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E∑’ ∏X>Ƕ "905'$19$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ∏’ÂK<√Æ’<¥ bg¶b’ fi’~ gƯTd¶b’ ¥«¶T∑¶b’ ∏¶b\aÁ[® T¶ G¶T fiT„b[® T¶ j∆zZ ®√j¶®∑F
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 3,4 [5]

c c
c T¶ G¶T ®√<¥Ï¶„®∑ T¶, ¥„<T d Ê>Ƕ, j¶„ ~„T ∑’ ∏X>Ƕ "913'$20$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ fi¶≤>ƶKd’ ¥„ɶ¥’Z¶K√’ ∏¶d¶® ∏fi≤>Ætø>tæ> c
c c
c ¥’fi¯Tb[¶® "925'$21$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ¥¶√¶Kd¥’<Âd’ ¥„ɶ¥’Z¶K√’ ∏¶d¶® ∏<Æ√K∑’ (241) P{tø>tæ> ¥’fi¯Tb[®, P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ c
c c
c <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ fi¶≤>ƶKd’ T¶ ¥¶√¶Kd¥’<Âd’ T¶ ¥„ɶ¥’Z¶Kd’ ∏¶d¶® <T√K∑’ P{tø>tæ> ¥’fi¯Tb[® "930'$22$ bÆ ÁÏæ <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ fi¶≤>ƶK® T¶ c
c c
c ¥¶√¶Kd¥’<® T¶ ¥„ɶ¥’Z¶K® <Thfi∑¥„ɶ (fiK«X>„ <¥d¶) ¥„ d ∏∑æ√T„<¥d¯T„ <¥d¶, ¥„ d ∏∑æ√T„¥g¶∑„ Ï«„ɶ ÂN¥„T fi≤> (∏∑æfi) ضd¯T„ <¥d¶, ¥„ c
c c
c d ∏∑æ√T„¥g¶∑„ j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ض„Ç’<fi ÷‘√Æ’ ∏∑ær∑T„[¶ fiKƶK’ fiKÆK[® "964'$23$ G<WT¥’ ~ ∑’ ¥g∑¶ <j‘√’Z¶ ¥„ɶ¥’Z¶Kd’ <ThfiGÆ< c
c c
c Â<WT¥’ ~ ∑’ ∏TK„ ¥g∑¶ <j‘√’Z¶ ƯTg¶√ÚE>„ɶ ¥ Ç„T ∏¶„‘√ÆN¥ fiæ¯T¶∑æ∆T∑¶ <~X>b ∏ƶϪØg<T ÷‘√Æ’ $24$ ∏\zZ d¶ bzZ P„{b ÷TN¥dfiKd¶T∆® c
c c
c ∏<~[„ fiKÆK∑¶KÆ„ ¥ ~„T ÷‘√ÆN¥ fiæ¯T¶∑æ∆T∑¶ <~X>b ∏ƶϪØg<T ÷‘√Æ’ "178'$25$ ¥„ TzZæ¥æ ∏¯T¶T≤>„¥æ ∏¯T¶„√≤>„¥æ ∏fiKfiK‘√Æ∂®¥æ ¥Ç„T c
c c
c ÷‘√ÆN¥ fiæ¯T¶∑æ∆T∑¶ <~X>b ∏ƶϪØg<T ÷‘√Æ’ $26$ ¥„ TzZæ¥æ T¶T≤>„¥æ T¶„√≤>„¥æ fiKfiK‘√Æ∂®¥æ <«aÁ櫶TN¥ ∏X>¶® ض„Ç’<fi ÷‘√Æ„ ∏∑æ∆T„d¯T„ <¥d¶ c
c c
c ∏ƶϪØg<T ÷‘√Æ’ "1104'$27$ ¥„ ∏∑æPæ{≤ø>≤>„¥æ T¶ ∏∑æ<«[∂¥æ T¶ ∏∑æ~Kd¶¥æ T¶ ∏∑æ◊{Kƶ¥æ T¶ ∏∑æfi’Z„¥æ T¶ ∏∑æg„K¶¥æ T¶ ¥Ç„T ÷‘√’ÆN¥ fiæ¯T¶∑æ∆T∑¶ c
c c
c <~X>b ∏ƶϪØg<T ÷‘√Æ’ "1110'$28$ ¥„ √¶g’<¥ T¶ G¶T K¶d’ƶ∑∂® (¥’<jT„¥’<¥) T¶ ¸<Æd¶ ¥„r∑’ ¥’<j<TX>’ fi„ƶ® P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ c
c c
c Â<WT¥’ <«aÁ¶dKd¶® √’‡∑’ fi≤><jd[®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib Â’ Kd<∑* ÂzZ„T ÷T¶b∑¶T„[®, G¶„ ÁÏæ <j‘√’Z„ T¶ <j‘√’Z∂ T¶ Â’ Kd<∑ ÂzZ„T ÷T¶b∑¶T„b ÷T¶b∑¶T„*Â’ c
c c
c T¶ ¥¶bÉb ¥„ ØÿÆ∏¶„ T∂bß{gg¶∑„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ "1155'$29$ ¥„ √¶g’<¥ T¶ G¶T ¥’<jT„¥’<¥ T¶ P{hfib <j‘√’Z¶∑ T¶ c
c c
c <j‘√’Z∂∑ T¶ ¥¯T∏¶„ ¥g’¶ ¥ß{¶„¥’ G¶„d∑’ ÷‘√Æ’ ∏¶„<√\rÆ[¶∑’ <~X>[®<[¸„<¥ "1192'  $30$$ Âb∏¶„ ÷W„¥¶„ 3$$  Â∏¶„ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd¶ c
c c
c fi∆¶ Â’Gƶ-ÆzZP{µg’ P{K„g¶∑„ g„Æÿ∑’ fi≤>¥„Tg¶∑„ K¶b«¶„d∑’ «æÄg¶∑„ "92'$1$ Â∏¶„ fi¶K’<~d¶ fi∆[¶ Â’Gƶ-ØÿX>„ fi¶K’<~® fig[„ fi¶K’<~® ∏∆g∆’ P{K„g¶∑„ c
c c
c fi¶K’<~® "181'$2$ Â∏¶„ ∏∑æTX>hfi¶ fi’0 Â’0-¥¶Æ\µgd¶∑’ „∆’ P{K„g¶∑„ fiKc\µgd¶∑’ „∆’ P{K„g¶∑„ ÆzZ¶d¶Ï’ ØÏg¶∑„ "262'$3$ Â∏¶„ j¶„ P{hfi\ªÂ T¶®[® c
c c
c Â’0-fir≤>® P{IT„ T¶b® "314'$4$ ®T’ gær≤>¶T„[® <¥aÁ¶T„[® ¥„ƶ<T[® ÷TX>¶T„[® ¥’«æ<Ä[® ¥’T¶<¥[® "321'$5$ Â∏¶„ j¶„ P{hfi\ªÂ T¶®[® Â’0-∏<T∑∂® c
c c
c <T√byfi≤>¸x„ ∏<T∏¶„¥<Tdfi¶Æÿ≤>„, Â∏¶„ P{hfi\ªÂ T¶®[® Â’0-<T∑∂® j¶„ <T√byfi≤>¸x„ <T∏¶„¥<Tdfi¶Æÿ≤>„ "335'$6$ Â∏¶„ ØÿN¥∆hfi¶ fi’0 Â’0-ØÿX>„ g‡ >„ Tæ‘√¶<Æ® c
c c
c "358'$7$ Â∏¶„ ¥æN¥∆hfi¶ fi’0 Â’0-∏ØÿX>„ ∏g‡ >„ ∏Tæ‘√¶<Æ® "360'$8$ <j‘√’Z’ ~ ∑’ <√϶dg¶∑’ g¶d¶ T¶ «<√∑∂ T¶ c‡d¶ T¶ fi<ÏN¥®É¶ Â’ ~ \‘√ªZ„ c
c c
c ¥¶bɄɶ g„Æ∑æfi≤>¥„T∑fi[„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ $9$ <j‘√’<Z* ~ ∑’ <√϶dg¶<∑* <fid¶ T¶ «¶d¶ T¶ fiæ[„ T¶ fi<ÏN¥®É¶ Â’ ~ c
c c
c <j‘√ªZ∂ ¥¶bɄɶ g„Æÿ∑fi<Æ¥„T∑fi[¶ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ "387'$10$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 c
c fi >g¶® fi¶„K¥∂® fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[¶ ~÷zZ’ fi\ÚE>g’ fi¶„K<¥* ÷T¶b∑¶T„[®, ¥„ d ∏¶’Ç ÷T¶b∑¶<T® <¥d¶ Â’ j¶„ ∏hfi∑¶ «æÄɶ j¶„ ∏∆„<¥* ∏∑æhfi؄ɶ ®√ªÂgªÂ„ c
c c
c ¸Æÿ◊{¶¥æ® fi®¥„ (Z’≤>Ï„) fi≤>Ï„<Æ[¶ fig<É[¶ fiKX>T„d¯T„ <¥d¶, Â’ ∏hfi∑¶ «æÄg¶∑„ ∏∆„<¥* T¶ ØÏ (∏∑æhfiØ„) g¶∑„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ c
c c
c ÷‘O¶bd’ $11$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 fiK’ ∏xG„d∑g„K¶® ÷T¶b∑¶T„[®, ¥„ d ∏¶ÆÇ ÷T¶b∑¶<T® <¥d¶ Â’ j¶„ ∏hfi∑¶ «æĄɶ j¶„ c
c c
c ∏∆„<¥* ∏∑æhfi؄ɶ ®√ªÂgªÂ„ ¸Æÿ◊{¶¥æ® fi®¥„ fi≤>Ï„<Æ[¶ fig<É[¶ fiKX>T„d¯T„ <¥d¶, Â’ ∏hfi∑¶ «æÄg¶∑„ ∏∆„<¥* T¶ ØÏg¶∑„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ c
c c
c fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ÷‘O¶bd’ "439'$12$ <j‘√ªZ„∑ d √¶Æ¶TbPæ{Ï’ <fir≤>¸¶dfi≤>d¶® ∏∑æhfi<TX>„∑’ ∏∆dK„ ∏<~[„ ∏∑„¥<∑É„ fi¶∑«¶„d∑„ fi≤>‘√<Æ® <¥d¶ ∏\zZ d c

H cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
˚∂ ∏¶√g√æ∑g’Gœ‡ ¶ - 1445
G
cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc

EbzZ P„{b ¥„ÆÂK¶® ∏∑æTX>¶<Td® P{hfib ¥„ ÂN¥ ض÷’ T¶ ∏∑æhfiض÷’ T¶, j\zZ d bzZ P„{b ¥„ÆÂK¶® ∏∑æTX>¶<Td® Â’ j¶„ ∏hfi∑¶ «Ä„ɶ j¶„ ∏∆„<¥* ضT®F
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 4 [6]

c c
c (∏∑æhfi؄ɶ) ®√ªÂ„ ¸Æÿ◊{¶¥æ® fi®¥„ fi≤>Ï„<Æ[¶ fig<É[¶ fiKX>T„d¯T„ <¥d¶ "463'$13$ G„ P{≤>„ P{hfiX>d¶∑’ P{hfib ¥„ ∏P{hfiX>d¶∑’ j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib P{hfi<Q>d¶∑’, c
c c
c ∏P{hfiÊ>d¶∑’ j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib P{hfiÊ>d¶∑’ P{hfib ¥„ ∏P{hfit>Ê>d¶∑’, P{hfi„ Ê>d¶ P{hfiÊ>d¶ ∏P{hfi„ Ê>d¶ ∏P{hfit>Ê>d¶ "486'$14$ <«aÁ‡ d √∑¶∏¶„ ∏Tß{g c
c c
c bÚE>„ɶ ∏∆’ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∑¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶∑’ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ ÷T¢D¶d’ T¶ fiT<[* T¶ Z„K’ T¶ √<∑* T¶ √∑ÆK’ T¶ √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ c
c c
c ∏∆ √∑’ ÷fi¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® "574'$15$ √∑¶TÚE>„b® d c
c c
c √∑¶∏¶„ ∏Tß{µg bÚE>„ɶ ∏Ÿ’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® j¶„ P{hfib √∑¶TÚE>„bdN¥ √∑¶TÚE>„bd[’ ∏<j\aÁ<T[¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, c
c c
c P{hfib ¥„ √∑¶TÚE>„bdN¥ √∑¶TÚE>„bd[’ <j\aÁ<T[¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∑¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ c
c c
c √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ <TdK„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∆’ c
c c
c √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ j¶„ <TdK\ªÂ ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® $16$ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶® d √∑¶∏¶„ ∏Tß{µg bÚE>„ɶ c
c c
c ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶dN¥ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d[’ ∏<j\aÁ<T[¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶® d √∑¶∏¶„ ∏Tß{µg c
c c
c bÚE>„ɶ ∏∆ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶dN¥ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d[’ <j\aÁ<T[¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’~<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, j¶„ ¥„ c
c c
c P{hfib ∏∑¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ c
c c
c ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ <TdK„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ <TdK„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ c
c c
c <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ j¶„ <TdK„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® "577'$17$ <«aÁ‡ d √∑¶∏¶„ ∏Tß{µg bÚE>„ɶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® c
c c
c ÷T¥’<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∑¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ ÷T¢D¶d’ T¶ fiT<[* T¶ Z„K’ T¶ √<∑* T¶ √∑ÆK’ T¶ √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® c
c c
c ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ <TdK„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ c
c c
c P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ j¶„ <TdK„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, GzZæ[Kd’ c
c cµg<T∑d’ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, GzZæ[Kd’ cµg<T∑d’ j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„j¶„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® c
c c
c ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, "594'$18$ √∑¶TÚE>„b® d √∑¶∏¶„ ∏Tß{µg bÚE>„ɶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib √∑¶TÚE>„bdN¥ c
c c
c √∑¶TÚE>„bd[’ ∏<j\aÁ<T[¶0 <TÆK[® P{hfib ¥„ √∑¶TÚE>„bdN¥ √∑¶TÚE>„bd[’ <j\aÁ<T[¶∑’ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, j¶„ ¥„ c
c c
c P{hfib ∏∑¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ c
c c
c T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ <TdK’< ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ j¶„ <TdK’< ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ c
c c
c ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, GzZæ[Kd’ cµg<T∑d’ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, GzZæ[Kd’ cµg<T∑d’ c
c c
c j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √K’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® $19$ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶® d √∑¶∏¶„ ∏Tß{µg bÚE>„ɶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® c
c c
c ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶dN¥ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d[’ ∏<j\aÁ<T[¶0 <TÆK[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶dN¥ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d[’ c
c c
c <j\aÁ<T[¶∑’ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∑¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® c

H ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ <TdK’< ®T’ ¥„
cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
˚∂ ∏¶√g√æ∑g’Gœ‡ ¶ - 1446
G
cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc

EP{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, „ d ¥„ j¶„ <TdK’< ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶®, ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, GzZæ[Kd’F
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 4 [7]

c c
c cµg<T∑d’ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[®, GzZæ[Kd’ cµg<T∑d’ j¶„ Ï«„ɶ ®T’ ¥„ j¶„ P{hfib ∏∆’ √∑’ ¥’«¶„√fi≤>d¶® c
c c
c ÷T¥’fi<É[¶∑’ <TÆK[® $20$ <«aÁ‡ d bÚE>„ɶ ∏∆’ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d’ ÷<W¥¶T„[® j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ∏∑¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ c
c c
c ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d’ ÷<W¥¶T„[®, P{hfib ¥„ ∏¶fiæ\ÚE>[¶ ∏¶dKd’ T¶ G¶T √∑¶TÚE>„bd’ T¶ ∏∆’ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d’ ÷<W¥¶T„[®, „ d ¥„ <TdK’< ®T’ ¥„ P{hfib c
c c
c ∏∆’ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d’ ÷<W¥¶T„[®, P{hfib ¥„ „<¥* P{¶K∑’ Ø∂T„[¶0$21$ √∑¶T„ÚE>„b® d bÚE>„ɶ ∏∆’ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d’ ÷<W¥¶T„[®, j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib c
c c
c √∑¶TÚE>„bdN¥ √∑¶TÚE>„bd[’ ∏<j\aÁ<T[¶ ∏∆’ ∏¶dKd÷T¢D¶d’ ÷<W¥¶T„[®, P{hfib ¥„ √∑¶TÚE>„¥dN¥ √∑¶TÚE>„bd[’ <j\aÁ<T[¶0 ÷<W¥¶T„[®, c
c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
c ∏<T∏¶„¥T„[¶ j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib √¶Æ¶TbPæ{Ï’ «[¶® T¶ fi¶∑¶® T¶ <jaÁ<g[® T¶ fi<T<¥[® T¶, <«aÁ‡0 j¶„ ¥„ P{hfib ¸<Æd¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ <TƶK«‡<g*T¶ <jaÁ0 c
c c
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c P{hfib ¥„ ÂN¥\ªÂ® ∏¶Ï¶„®[® fi≤>ß{<g[® <j\ªØ[® √K<Æ[® <T÷u>[® <T¥¶„<Æ[® ∏P{K∑¶® ∏Ω«æX>[® ∏ƶKÆ’ fi¶d\ÚE>[’ ÂT¶„P{µg’ fi≤>T<É[®, ¥„ c
c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
c P{hfib ∏’¶„ g¶¥N¥ ØÿaÁæ[¶„ T¶ <ÂaÁæ[¶„ T¶ ÷[K[® T¶ ¥’ÂK[® T¶, GzZ ®T’ j¶„ ~ß{d¶ ®T’ ∑’ j¶„ P{hfib ∏’¶„ g¶¥N¥ ØÿaÁæ[¶„ T¶ <ÂaÁæ[¶„ T¶ ÷[K[® c
c c
c T¶ ¥’ÂK[® T¶ "788'$28$ ¥„ Â∑„¥æ T¶ Â∑fiæÄ„¥æ T¶ fi϶τ¥æ T¶ fi϶ÏfiæÄ„¥æ T¶ ∏hfi’≤>„¥æ ∏hfifi¶∑„¥æ ∏hfi¸∂®¥æ ∏hfiÆK®¥æ ∏hfi¶„¥„¥æ c

H ∏hfiæ<Âåfi∑√Ø√gu>*dgß{≤>¥’¶∑®¥æ ∏Æ„¥„T∑g¶d¶® j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ÂÆhfi√¶K„ ÷TN¥® Æ„gªÂ<√µÆ¶¥æ TzZ® $29$ ¥„ Â∑„¥æ T¶
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˚∂ ∏¶√g√æ∑g’Gœ‡ ¶ - 1447
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EG¶T ¥’¶∑®¥æ T¶ ÷\hfi*¥„T∑g¶d¶® P{hfib <j‘√ªZ¶∑ T¶ <j‘√ªZ∂∑ T¶ ÂÆhfi√¶K„ ÷TN¥® Æ„gªÂ<√µÆ¶¥æ TzZ® $30$ ¥„ Â∑„¥æ T¶ G¶T ¥’¶∑®¥æF
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 4,5 [8]

c c
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c c
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c c
c Â’ ~ <j‘√ªZ„ ¥¶bɄɶ g„Æÿ∑fi≤>¥„T∑fi[„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKtø>Ê>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ $1$ Ø„T„ d fiæK¥m{T’ <T÷\¯T[¶ <j‘√\ªZ* fi≤>‘√Ƅɶ Â’ ~ c
c <j‘√ªZ„ ¥¶bɄɶ g„Æÿ∑fi≤>¥„T∑fi[„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKtø>Ê>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ $2$ Ø„T∂ d b\zZm{T’ <T÷\¯T[¶ <j‘√ªZ’ fi≤>‘√¶Æ„ɶ Â’ ~ <j‘√ªZ„ c
c c
c ¥¶bɄɶ g„Æÿ∑fi≤>¥„T∑fi[„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ $3$ Ø„T∂ d fiæK¥m{T’ <T÷\¯T[¶ <j‘√\ªZ* fi≤>‘√¶Æ„ɶ Â’ ~ <j‘√ªZ∂ ¥¶bɄɶ c
c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
c G¶∑„ɶ-∏∑æ‘√® ¥‡K® ∏zZ<g® T¶ ¥„G’ ~ ∏¶¥d’<¥ G’ ~ fi¶<∑*<¥ G’ ~ fi≤>‘√Æ„ Â’ <T<√Åg¶∑„ T¶ <T¥¶„Æ„g¶∑„ T¶ j¶„ ∏bß{gb, Â’ ∏hfi∑¶ «æÄ„g¶∑„ ∏∆„<¥* c
c c
c T¶ ØÏg¶∑„ K¶b«¶„d∑fi≤>¥„T∑fi[„ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ $6$ <«aÁ‡ d ÷√d<T[∂® ∏∑zZ<gd¥’P{hfi„ ¥’Z≤>® <Tb<√ÚE>¶¥g¶T∆„∑’ c
c c
c ∏hfi¶∑„∑’ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[¶ ∏¶Æ¶Kg¶Æ¶K„g¶∑„ ∏Æ fiÚE>¶ G¶∑„ɶ-∏∑æ‘√® ¥‡K® ∏zZ<g® T¶, ¥„ G’ ~ ∏¶¥d’<¥ G’ ~ fi¶<∑*<¥ G’ ~ fi≤>‘√Æ„ Â’ c
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c c
c <«aÁ‡ d ÷‘√d<T[∂® ∏∑zZ<gd¥’afi„ ∏¥’Z≤>® <j\¯Tb<√ÚE>¥g¶Tr∑„∑’ ∏hfi¶∑„∑’ ∏¥∑’ T¶0 fi≤>‘√¶Æ„[¶ ∏¶Æ¶Kg¶Æ¶K„g¶∑„ ∏Æ fiÚE>¶0 G¶∑„ɶ- c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c c
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c <T<√Å[® T¶ <T¥¶„Æ„[® T¶ Â’ j¶„ ∏hfi∑¶ «æĄɶ j¶„ ∏∆„<¥* ضT® ®√ªÂ„ ¸Æÿ◊{¶¥æ® fi®¥„ Z’≤>Ï„ fi≤>Ï„<Æ[¶ fig<É[¶ fiKX>T„d¯T„ <¥d¶ "213'$11$ c
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c c
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c c
c fiK¶g楄ɶ Â’ ~ <j‘√ªZ∂ ¥¶bɄɶ ÆzZP{µgfi≤>¥„T∑fi[¶ ∏¶TÉb ~¶÷µg¶<¥d’ fiKƶKX>¶∑’ ∏∑æ‘O¶bd’ $13$ <j‘√ªZ∂® d K¶∏¶„ T¶ <Td¶Ï„ T¶ ÷ǶK’ T¶ c

H cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
˚∂ ∏¶√g√æ∑g’Gœ‡ ¶ - 1448
G
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Efi¶¥T∑’ T¶ <T<√Åg¶∑∂® T¶ <T¥¶„Æ„g¶∑∂® T¶ ∏∆dK„ fi¥æG¶b® T¶ fi\aÁG¶b® T¶ ∏∆dK’<¥ ¥¶„d’<¥ ∏¶„√¶Æ„ɶ Â’ ~ <j‘√ªZ∂ ¥¶bɄɶ g„Æÿ∑fi≤>¥„T∑fi[¶F
(36) ¸FÆØøP{hfi¶„ E>„d¥æ[’ (3) ÷. 5,6 [9]

c c
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c c
c T¶ fi¶∑¶® T¶ <jaÁ<g[® T¶ fi<T<¥[® T¶ $16$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂® ®√¶<∑d¶® ¸<Æd¶ <Td¶K«‡<g* T¶ <T*ƶK«‡<g* T¶ <jaÁ<g[® T¶ fi<T<¥[® T¶ $17$ j¶„ c
c c
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c c
c ƶ„[® "256'$20$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂® fi„bd¶® ƶ„[® "260'$21 j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªÂ∂® T¶„¥X>P{¶bd¶® ƶ„[® "261'$22$ j¶„ P{hfib <j‘√ªZ∂® ¸<Æd¶ c
c c
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c c
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