Design Patterns Text - Projektni Obrasci

Projektni obrasci..................................................................................................................5 Kreacioni obrasci (Creational Patterns)...............................................................................7 Apstraktna fabrika (Abstract Factory) ............................................................................7 Definicija......................................................................................................................7 UML ija!ra" klasa....................................................................................................
7 #le"enti.......................................................................................................................$ Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'(.............................................................................................$ )ra itelj (*%il er)..........................................................................................................+5 Definicija....................................................................................................................+5 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................+5 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................+5 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'(...........................................................................................+, Fabri-ki "eto (Factory Met.o )................................................................................../0 Definicija..................................................................................................................../0 UML Dija!ra" klasa................................................................................................./0 #le"enti...................................................................................................................../0 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'(.........................................................................................../1 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta............................................................................................./5 Prototip (Prototype)......................................................................................................./3 Definicija..................................................................................................................../3 UML Dija!ra" klasa................................................................................................./3 #le"enti...................................................................................................................../3 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'(...........................................................................................04 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................0+ Usa"ljenik (5in!leton)..................................................................................................05 Definicija....................................................................................................................05 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................05 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................05 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'(...........................................................................................05 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................0, 5tr%kt%rni obrasci (5tr%ct%ral Patterns).............................................................................03 Pre!o2ara- (A apter).....................................................................................................03 Definicija....................................................................................................................03 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................03 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................03 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................14 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................1+ Most (*ri !e).................................................................................................................15 Definicija....................................................................................................................15 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................15 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................15 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................1, Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................1$ Ko"po&icija (Co"posite)..............................................................................................5/ Definicija....................................................................................................................5/ UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................5/
#le"enti.....................................................................................................................5/ Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'(...........................................................................................50 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................5, Dekorater (Decorator)....................................................................................................53 Definicija....................................................................................................................53 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................53 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................53 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................,4 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................,/ Fasa a (Fa6a e).............................................................................................................,, Definicija....................................................................................................................,, UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................,, #le"enti.....................................................................................................................,, Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................,7 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................,3 5%perlaki (Fly7ei!.t) ...................................................................................................7/ Definicija....................................................................................................................7/ UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................7/ #le"enti.....................................................................................................................7/ Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................70 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................75 Poslanik (Pro8y).............................................................................................................73 Definicija....................................................................................................................73 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................73 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................73 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................$4 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................$+ 9brasci pona:anja (*e.a2ioral Patterns)...........................................................................$0 Ko"an ni lanac (C.ain of ;esponsibility)....................................................................$0 Definicija....................................................................................................................$0 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................$0 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................$0 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'(...........................................................................................$1 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................$, Ko"an a (Co""an )....................................................................................................$3 Definicija....................................................................................................................$3 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................$3 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................$3 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................34 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................3+ <nterpretator (<nterpreter)...............................................................................................35 Definicija....................................................................................................................35 UML Dija!ra" klasa.................................................................................................35 #le"enti.....................................................................................................................35 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'............................................................................................3, Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta.............................................................................................37
*roja- (<terator)...........................................................................................................+4+ Definicija..................................................................................................................+4+ UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................+4+ #le"enti...................................................................................................................+4+ Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+4/ Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................+41 Posre nik (Me iator)...................................................................................................+47 Definicija..................................................................................................................+47 UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................+47 #le"enti...................................................................................................................+47 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+47 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................++4 Po se=anje (Me"ento).................................................................................................++0 Definicija..................................................................................................................++0 UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................++0 #le"enti...................................................................................................................++0 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................++1 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................++5 >a &ornik (9bser2er)..................................................................................................++3 Definicija..................................................................................................................++3 UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................++3 #le"enti...................................................................................................................++3 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+/4 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................+// 5tanje (5tate)................................................................................................................+/5 Definicija..................................................................................................................+/5 UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................+/5 #le"enti...................................................................................................................+/5 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+/5 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................+/7 5trate!ija (5trate!y).....................................................................................................+00 Definicija..................................................................................................................+00 UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................+00 #le"enti...................................................................................................................+00 Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+01 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................+05 ?ablonski "eto (@e"plate Met.o )...........................................................................+0$ Definicija..................................................................................................................+0$ UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................+0$ #le"enti...................................................................................................................+0$ Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+0$ Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................+14 Posetilac (Aisitor)........................................................................................................+10 Definicija..................................................................................................................+10 UML Dija!ra" klasa...............................................................................................+10 #le"enti...................................................................................................................+10
Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+11 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................+17
Projektni obrasci
Projektni obrasci su reenja za najee probleme na koje se nailazi u toku razvijanja softvera. Obrasci najee slue da unaprede dizajn i mogunost interagovanja meu objektima, a takoe unapreuju i komunikaciju meu objektima nudei elegantna, ponovno upotrebljiva reenja za najoptije programerske izazove. akozvani Gang of Four !"o#$ obrasci, koji e ovde biti opisani, predstavljaju osnovu za sve ostale obrasce. Oni su kategorisani u tri grupe% kreacioni, strukturni i obrasci ponaanja. &a bi ovi obrasci bili bolje s'vaeni svaki od nji' je predstavljen !preko () koda$ i kao strukturni i kao primer iz stvarnog sveta. Primer iz stvarnog sveta predstavlja upotrebu obrasca u nekoj situaciji veoma bliskoj realnoj. Kreacioni obrasci (Creational Patterns) *pstraktna fabrika !Abstract Factory$ "raditelj !Builder$ #abriki metod !Factory Method$ Prototip !Prototype$ ,samljenik !Singleton$ +reira instane nekoliko familija klasa
Odvaja kreiranje objekata od njegovog predstavljanja
+reira instance razliiti' izvedeni' klasa
Potpuno inicijalizovana instanca koja moe biti kopirana ili klonirana
+lasa koja moe imati samo jedan ivi objekat.
Strukturni obrasci (Structural Patterns) Pregovara !Adapter$ -ost !Bridge$ +ompozicija !Composite$ &ekorater Obezbeuje interfejs izmeu razliiti' klasa
.azdvaja interfejs nekog objekta od njegove implementacije .ealizuje strukturu stabla u koju mogu da se smeste i prosti i sloeni objekti. &inamiki dodaje uloge objektima.
!Decorator$ #asada !Facade$ 0uperlaki !Flyweight$ Poslanik !Proxy$ /edna klasa koja predstavlja ceo podsistem. /ednostavnija instanca neke klase koja se kreira u cilju efikasnijeg deljenja ili slanja Objekat koji reprezentuje neki drugi objekat
Obrasci ponaanja (Behavioral Patterns) +omandni lanac !Chain of Resp $ +omanda !Command$ uma !!nterpreter$ 2roja !!terator$ Posrednik !Mediator$ Podseanje !Memento$ 4adzornik !"bser#er$ 0tanje !State$ 0trategija !Strategy$ 5ablonski metod !$emplate Method$ Posetilac !%isitor$ Prosleivanje za'teva kroz lanac objekata
1nkapsulacija komandne u objekat
,kljuivanje elemenata jezika u program.
0ekvencijalni pristup elementima kolekcije.
&efinisanje uproene komunikacije meu klasama
3raanje objekta u preanje stanje
Prosleivanje informacije o nekoj promeni objektima veeg broja klasa
-enjanje ponaanja nekog objekta u zavisnosti od promene stanja
1nkapsuliranje algoritma unutar klase
&efinisanje konkretni' algoritamski' koraka koji se razlikuju u potklasama
&efinisanje nove operacije u klasi bez njene ekspilicitne promene
Kreacioni obrasci (Creational Patterns)
Apstraktna fabrika (Abstract Factory)

Definicija
Obezbeuje interfejs za kreiranje familije povezani' i meusobno zavisni' objekata bez specificiranja nji'ovi' konkretni' klasa.
U ! "ijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% %bstractFactor& (ContinentFactor&) o deklarie interfejs za operacije koje kreiraju odreene apstraktne objekte
ConcreteFactor& (%fricaFactor&' %#ericaFactor&) o implemetira operacije za kreiranje odreene vrste konkretni' objekata
%bstractPro"uct ((erbi)ore' Carni)ore) o deklarie interfejs za odreenu vrstu objekata
Pro"uct (*il"ebeest' !ion' Bison' *olf) o definie objekat koji e biti kreiran u skladu sa odgovarajuom (oncrete#actor7 klasom o implementira interfejs koji definie klasa *bstractProduct
Client (%ni#al*orl") o +orisniki interfejs ka klasama *bstract#actor7 i *bstractProduct
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,0ledei strukturni kod prikazuje obrazac *bstract #actor7 kako kreira paralelne 'ijerar'ije objekata. +reiranje objekata je uraeno na apstraktnom nivou tako da nije potrebno upisivati imena klasa u korisnikom kodu.
// Abstract Factory -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Abstract.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { public static !oi" Main#$ { // Abstract factory %& AbstractFactory factory& ' ne( )oncreteFactory&#$; )lient c& ' ne( )lient#factory&$; c&.*un#$; // Abstract factory %+ AbstractFactory factory+ ' ne( )oncreteFactory+#$; )lient c+ ' ne( )lient#factory+$;
c+.*un#$; // ,ait for user input )onsole.*ea"#$; // .AbstractFactory. abstract class AbstractFactory { public abstract Abstract/ro"uctA )reate/ro"uctA#$; public abstract Abstract/ro"uct0 )reate/ro"uct0#$; // .)oncreteFactory&. class )oncreteFactory& 1 AbstractFactory { public o!erri"e Abstract/ro"uctA )reate/ro"uctA#$ { return ne( /ro"uctA&#$; public o!erri"e Abstract/ro"uct0 )reate/ro"uct0#$ { return ne( /ro"uct0&#$; // .)oncreteFactory+. class )oncreteFactory+ 1 AbstractFactory { public o!erri"e Abstract/ro"uctA )reate/ro"uctA#$ { return ne( /ro"uctA+#$; public o!erri"e Abstract/ro"uct0 )reate/ro"uct0#$ { return ne( /ro"uct0+#$; // .Abstract/ro"uctA. abstract class Abstract/ro"uctA { // .Abstract/ro"uct0. abstract class Abstract/ro"uct0 { public abstract !oi" 2nteract#Abstract/ro"uctA a$;
// ./ro"uctA&. class /ro"uctA& 1 Abstract/ro"uctA { // ./ro"uct0&. class /ro"uct0& 1 Abstract/ro"uct0 { public o!erri"e !oi" 2nteract#Abstract/ro"uctA a$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame 7 . interacts (it4 . 7 a.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // ./ro"uctA+. class /ro"uctA+ 1 Abstract/ro"uctA { // ./ro"uct0+. class /ro"uct0+ 1 Abstract/ro"uct0 { public o!erri"e !oi" 2nteract#Abstract/ro"uctA a$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame 7 . interacts (it4 . 7 a.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // .)lient. class )lient { pri!ate Abstract/ro"uctA Abstract/ro"uctA; pri!ate Abstract/ro"uct0 Abstract/ro"uct0; // )onstructor public )lient#AbstractFactory factory$ { Abstract/ro"uct0 ' factory.)reate/ro"uct0#$; Abstract/ro"uctA ' factory.)reate/ro"uctA#$; public !oi" *un#$ { Abstract/ro"uct0.2nteract#Abstract/ro"uctA$; -
8zlaz
/ro"uct0& interacts (it4 /ro"uctA& /ro"uct0+ interacts (it4 /ro"uctA+
Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta ili real&world code opisuje stvaranje razliiti' ivotinjski' svetova za npr. neku igricu korienjem razliiti' fabrika. 2ez obzira to su kreirane ivotinje razliite u zavisnosti od kontinenta, interakcija meu njima ostaje ista.
// Abstract Factory -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Abstract.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { public static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate an" run t4e Africa animal (orl" )ontinentFactory africa ' ne( AfricaFactory#$; Animal,orl" (orl" ' ne( Animal,orl"#africa$; (orl".*unFoo")4ain#$; // )reate an" run t4e America animal (orl" )ontinentFactory america ' ne( AmericaFactory#$; (orl" ' ne( Animal,orl"#america$; (orl".*unFoo")4ain#$; // ,ait for user input )onsole.*ea"#$; // .AbstractFactory. abstract class )ontinentFactory { public abstract 9erbi!ore )reate9erbi!ore#$;
public abstract )arni!ore )reate)arni!ore#$; // .)oncreteFactory&. class AfricaFactory 1 )ontinentFactory { public o!erri"e 9erbi!ore )reate9erbi!ore#$ { return ne( ,il"ebeest#$; public o!erri"e )arni!ore )reate)arni!ore#$ { return ne( 3ion#$; // .)oncreteFactory+. class AmericaFactory 1 )ontinentFactory { public o!erri"e 9erbi!ore )reate9erbi!ore#$ { return ne( 0ison#$; public o!erri"e )arni!ore )reate)arni!ore#$ { return ne( ,olf#$; // .Abstract/ro"uctA. abstract class 9erbi!ore { // .Abstract/ro"uct0. abstract class )arni!ore { public abstract !oi" :at#9erbi!ore 4$; // ./ro"uctA&. class ,il"ebeest 1 9erbi!ore { // ./ro"uct0&. class 3ion 1 )arni!ore {
public o!erri"e !oi" :at#9erbi!ore 4$ { // :at ,il"ebeest )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame 7 . eats . 7 4.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // ./ro"uctA+. class 0ison 1 9erbi!ore { // ./ro"uct0+. class ,olf 1 )arni!ore { public o!erri"e !oi" :at#9erbi!ore 4$ { // :at 0ison )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame 7 . eats . 7 4.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // .)lient. class Animal,orl" { pri!ate 9erbi!ore 4erbi!ore; pri!ate )arni!ore carni!ore; // )onstructor public Animal,orl"#)ontinentFactory factory$ { carni!ore ' factory.)reate)arni!ore#$; 4erbi!ore ' factory.)reate9erbi!ore#$; public !oi" *unFoo")4ain#$ { carni!ore.:at#4erbi!ore$; -
8zlaz
3ion eats ,il"ebeest ,olf eats 0ison
Graditelj (Builder)
Definicija
.azdvaja kreiranje sloeni' objekata od nji'ove reprezentacije tako da se za isti proces konstruisanja mogu kreirati razliite reprezentacije.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Buil"er (.e/icleBuil"er) o specificira apstraktni interfejs za kreiranje delova objekata klase Product.
ConcreteBuil"er ( otorC&cleBuil"er' CarBuil"er' ScooterBuil"er) o kreira i sklapa delove objekta one klase koja implementira interfejs definisan od strane klase 2uilder o o vodi rauna o objektima koje kreira obezbeuje interfejs za pribavljanje objekata klase Product
Director (S/op) o konstruie objekte na osnovu interfejsa koji obezbeuje klasa 2uilder
Pro"uct (.e/icle) o predstavlja sloeni objekat koji treba kreirati. +lasa (oncrete2uilder kreira internu reprezentaciju objekata klase Product i definie postupke na osnovu koji' se oni sklapaju.
ukljuuje klase koje definiu delove objekta koji treba kreirati, ukljuujui i interfejs za za sklapanje njegovi' delova u finalni objekat
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,0ledei strukturni kod pokazuje upotrebu obrasca 2uilder gde se kreiraju sloeni objekti korak9po9 korak. Proces kreiranja objekata se moe razlikovati od jedne do druge reprezentacije objekta, i bitno je napomenuti da ovaj obrazac obezbeuje kontrolu sklapanja delova objekta na viem nivou.
// 0uil"er pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.0uil"er.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a public class MainApp { public static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate "irector an" buil"ers Director "irector ' ne( Director#$; 0uil"er b& ' ne( )oncrete0uil"er&#$; 0uil"er b+ ' ne( )oncrete0uil"er+#$; // )onstruct t(o pro"ucts "irector.)onstruct#b&$; /ro"uct p& ' b&.Get*esult#$; p&.S4o(#$; "irector.)onstruct#b+$; /ro"uct p+ ' b+.Get*esult#$; p+.S4o(#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Director. class Director { // 0uil"er uses a comple; series of steps public !oi" )onstruct#0uil"er buil"er$ { buil"er.0uil"/artA#$;
buil"er.0uil"/art0#$; // .0uil"er. abstract { public public public class 0uil"er abstract !oi" 0uil"/artA#$; abstract !oi" 0uil"/art0#$; abstract /ro"uct Get*esult#$;
// .)oncrete0uil"er&. class )oncrete0uil"er& 1 0uil"er { pri!ate /ro"uct pro"uct ' ne( /ro"uct#$; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"/artA#$ { pro"uct.A""#./artA.$; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"/art0#$ { pro"uct.A""#./art0.$; public o!erri"e /ro"uct Get*esult#$ { return pro"uct; // .)oncrete0uil"er+. class )oncrete0uil"er+ 1 0uil"er { pri!ate /ro"uct pro"uct ' ne( /ro"uct#$; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"/artA#$ { pro"uct.A""#./art<.$; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"/art0#$ { pro"uct.A""#./art=.$; public o!erri"e /ro"uct Get*esult#$ { return pro"uct;
// ./ro"uct. class /ro"uct { Array3ist parts ' ne( Array3ist#$; public !oi" A""#string part$ { parts.A""#part$; public !oi" S4o(#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n/ro"uct /arts -------.$; foreac4 #string part in parts$ )onsole.,rite3ine#part$; -
8zlaz
/ro"uct /arts ------/artA /art0 /ro"uct /arts ------/art< /art=

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje sluaj sklapanja razliiti' vozila, i to deo po deo. +lasa 0'op koristi 3e'icle2uilders da bi kreirala razliite objekte klase 3e'icles. Ovi objekti se kreiraju nakon niza sekvencijalni' koraka.
// 0uil"er pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.0uil"er.*eal,orl"
{ // MainApp test aplikaci a public class MainApp { public static !oi" Main#$ { // ?reiran e ob ekta s4op i ob ekata klase @e4icle0uil"er S4op s4op ' ne( S4op#$; @e4icle0uil"er b& ' ne( Scooter0uil"er#$; @e4icle0uil"er b+ ' ne( )ar0uil"er#$; @e4icle0uil"er bA ' ne( Motor)ycle0uil"er#$; // ?onstruisan e i prika8i!an e !o8ila s4op.)onstruct#b&$; b&.@e4icle.S4o(#$; s4op.)onstruct#b+$; b+.@e4icle.S4o(#$; s4op.)onstruct#bA$; bA.@e4icle.S4o(#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Director. class S4op { // Meto"a ko a "efiniBe sloCen ni8 koraka ko e De koristiti klasa 0uil"er public !oi" )onstruct#@e4icle0uil"er !e4icle0uil"er$ { !e4icle0uil"er.0uil"Frame#$; !e4icle0uil"er.0uil":ngine#$; !e4icle0uil"er.0uil",4eels#$; !e4icle0uil"er.0uil"Doors#$; // .0uil"er. abstract class @e4icle0uil"er { protecte" @e4icle !e4icle; public @e4icle @e4icle { get{ return !e4icle; public abstract !oi" 0uil"Frame#$;
public abstract !oi" 0uil":ngine#$; public abstract !oi" 0uil",4eels#$; public abstract !oi" 0uil"Doors#$; // .)oncrete0uil"er&. class Motor)ycle0uil"er 1 @e4icle0uil"er { public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"Frame#$ { !e4icle ' ne( @e4icle#.Motor)ycle.$; !e4icleE.frame.F ' .Motor)ycle Frame.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil":ngine#$ { !e4icleE.engine.F ' .GHH cc.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil",4eels#$ { !e4icleE.(4eels.F ' .+.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"Doors#$ { !e4icleE."oors.F ' .H.; // .)oncrete0uil"er+. class )ar0uil"er 1 @e4icle0uil"er { public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"Frame#$ { !e4icle ' ne( @e4icle#.)ar.$; !e4icleE.frame.F ' .)ar Frame.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil":ngine#$ { !e4icleE.engine.F ' .+GHH cc.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil",4eels#$ { !e4icleE.(4eels.F ' .I.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"Doors#$ { !e4icleE."oors.F ' .I.;
// .)oncrete0uil"erA. class Scooter0uil"er 1 @e4icle0uil"er { public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"Frame#$ { !e4icle ' ne( @e4icle#.Scooter.$; !e4icleE.frame.F ' .Scooter Frame.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil":ngine#$ { !e4icleE.engine.F ' .GH cc.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil",4eels#$ { !e4icleE.(4eels.F ' .+.; public o!erri"e !oi" 0uil"Doors#$ { !e4icleE."oors.F ' .H.; // ./ro"uct. class @e4icle { pri!ate string type; pri!ate 9as4table parts ' ne( 9as4table#$; // )onstructor public @e4icle#string type$ { t4is.type ' type; // 2n"ekser ko i nam omoguDa!a pristup Jlano!ima ni8a na osno!u n i4o!og imena public ob ect t4isEstring keyF { get{ return partsEkeyF; set{ partsEkeyF ' !alue; public !oi" S4o(#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n---------------------------.$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.@e4icle 5ype1 {H-.K type$;
)onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. -
Frame 1 {H-.K partsE.frame.F$; :ngine 1 {H-.K partsE.engine.F$; %,4eels1 {H-.K partsE.(4eels.F$; %Doors 1 {H-.K partsE."oors.F$;
8zlaz
--------------------------@e4icle 5ype1 Scooter Frame 1 Scooter Frame :ngine 1 none %,4eels1 + %Doors 1 H --------------------------@e4icle 5ype1 )ar Frame 1 )ar Frame :ngine 1 +GHH cc %,4eels1 I %Doors 1 I --------------------------@e4icle 5ype1 Motor)ycle Frame 1 Motor)ycle Frame :ngine 1 GHH cc %,4eels1 + %Doors 1 H
Fabriki
etod (Factory !ethod)
Definicija
&efinie interfejs za kreiranje objekata, ali dozvoljava da izvedena klasa odlui koju e klasu da instancira. Ovaj obrazac omoguuje da se jasno razlui instancijacija objekata izvedeni' klasa.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Pro"uct (Page) o definie interfejs za objekat koji e biti kreiran
ConcretePro"uct (SkillsPage' $"ucationPage' $0periencePage) o implementira interfejs klase Product
Creator (Docu#ent) o deklarie #actor7-et'od koji treba da vrati objekat tipa Product. +lasa (reator moe, takoe, da definie osnovnu implementaciju ovog metoda koji e vratiti najjednostavniji !onaj koji se kreira default konstruktorom$ objekat klase (oncreteProduct. o moe da definie poziv za kreiranje objekata klase Product.
ConcreteCreator (1eport' 1esu#e) o predefinie #actor7-et'od kako bi vraao instancu klase (oncreteProduct.
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,Ovaj strukturni kod prikazuje svu fleksibilnost koju obrazac #actor7-et'od nudi prilikom kreiranja razliiti' objekata. *pstraktna klasa Product moe da obezbedi default objekat, ali svaka izvedena klasa moe instancirati proirenu verziju osnovnog objekta.
// Factory Met4o" pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Factory.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // 6i8 kreatorski4 ob ekata )reatorEF creators ' ne( )reatorE+F; creatorsEHF ' ne( )oncrete)reatorA#$; creatorsE&F ' ne( )oncrete)reator0#$; // ?reDe se o" kreatora "o kreatora i kreira ob ekte foreac4#)reator creator in creators$ { /ro"uct pro"uct ' creator.FactoryMet4o"#$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.)reate" {H-.K pro"uct.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // ./ro"uct. abstract class /ro"uct { // .)oncrete/ro"uctA. class )oncrete/ro"uctA 1 /ro"uct { -
// .)oncrete/ro"uct0. class )oncrete/ro"uct0 1 /ro"uct { // .)reator. abstract class )reator { public abstract /ro"uct FactoryMet4o"#$; // .)oncrete)reator. class )oncrete)reatorA 1 )reator { public o!erri"e /ro"uct FactoryMet4o"#$ { return ne( )oncrete/ro"uctA#$; // .)oncrete)reator. class )oncrete)reator0 1 )reator { public o!erri"e /ro"uct FactoryMet4o"#$ { return ne( )oncrete/ro"uct0#$; -
8zlaz
)reate" )oncrete/ro"uctA )reate" )oncrete/ro"uct0

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje fleksibilnost koju #actor7-et'od nudi pri kreiranju razliiti' dokumenata. +lase .eport i .esume su izvedene iz klase &ocument i zapravo instanciraju proirene verzije objekata klase &ocument. , metodi #actor7-et'od se zapravo poziva konstruktor osnovne klase : klase &ocument.
// Factory Met4o" -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Factory.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // ?onstruktori treba "a po8i!a u FactoryMet4o" DocumentEF "ocuments ' ne( DocumentE+F; "ocumentsEHF ' ne( *esume#$; "ocumentsE&F ' ne( *eport#$; // /rika8u e "okumente foreac4 #Document "ocument in "ocuments$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n. 7 "ocument.Get5ype#$.6ame7 .--.$; foreac4 #/age page in "ocument./ages$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. . 7 page.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // Leka korisnika )onsole.*ea"#$; // ./ro"uct. abstract class /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct. class Skills/age 1 /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct. class :"ucation/age 1 /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct.
class :;perience/age 1 /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct. class 2ntro"uction/age 1 /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct. class *esults/age 1 /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct. class )onclusion/age 1 /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct. class Summary/age 1 /age { // .)oncrete/ro"uct. class 0ibliograp4y/age 1 /age { // .)reator. abstract class Document { pri!ate Array3ist pages ' ne( Array3ist#$; // ?onstruktor 8o!e FactoryMet4o" public Document#$ { t4is.)reate/ages#$; public Array3ist /ages { get{ return pages; // FactoryMet4o" public abstract !oi" )reate/ages#$;
// .)oncrete)reator. class *esume 1 Document { // implementaci a FactoryMet4o"-a public o!erri"e !oi" )reate/ages#$ { /ages.A""#ne( Skills/age#$$; /ages.A""#ne( :"ucation/age#$$; /ages.A""#ne( :;perience/age#$$; // .)oncrete)reator. class *eport 1 Document { // implementaci a FactoryMet4o"-a public o!erri"e !oi" )reate/ages#$ { /ages.A""#ne( 2ntro"uction/age#$$; /ages.A""#ne( *esults/age#$$; /ages.A""#ne( )onclusion/age#$$; /ages.A""#ne( Summary/age#$$; /ages.A""#ne( 0ibliograp4y/age#$$; -
8zlaz
*esume ------Skills/age :"ucation/age :;perience/age *eport ------2ntro"uction/age *esults/age )onclusion/age Summary/age 0ibliograp4y/age
Prototip (Prototype)
Definicija
Ovaj obrazac slui za specificiranje vrste objekata koji e biti kreirani pomou tzv. prototipne instance, kao i za kreiranje novi' objekata kopiranjem prototipa.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Protot&pe (ColorProtot&pe) o deklarie interfejs pomou koga objekat moe da klonira sebe samog
ConcreteProtot&pe (Color) o implementira operaciju kloniranja sebe samog
Client (Color anager) o kreira novi objekat tako to od prototipa za'teva da se iskopira
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,Ovaj strukturni kod predstavlja obrazac Protot7pe u kome se novi objekti kreiraju kopiranjem ve postojei' objekata !prototipova$ iste klase.
// /rototype -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour./rototype.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // ?reiran e "!e instance i n i4o!o kloniran e )oncrete/rototype& p& ' ne( )oncrete/rototype&#.2.$; )oncrete/rototype& c& ' #)oncrete/rototype&$p&.)lone#$; )onsole.,rite3ine #.)lone"1 {H-.K c&.2"$; )oncrete/rototype+ p+ ' ne( )oncrete/rototype+#.22.$; )oncrete/rototype+ c+ ' #)oncrete/rototype+$p+.)lone#$; )onsole.,rite3ine #.)lone"1 {H-.K c+.2"$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // ./rototype. abstract class /rototype { pri!ate string i"; // ?onstruktor public /rototype#string i"$ { t4is.i" ' i"; public string 2" { get{ return i"; -
public abstract /rototype )lone#$; // .)oncrete/rototype&. class )oncrete/rototype& 1 /rototype { // ?onstruktor public )oncrete/rototype&#string i"$ 1 base#i"$ { public o!erri"e /rototype )lone#$ { // :g8aktna kopi a return #/rototype$t4is.Member(ise)lone#$; // .)oncrete/rototype+. class )oncrete/rototype+ 1 /rototype { // ?onstruktor public )oncrete/rototype+#string i"$ 1 base#i"$ { public o!erri"e /rototype )lone#$ { // :g8aktna kopi a return #/rototype$t4is.Member(ise)lone#$; -
8zlaz
)lone"1 2 )lone"1 22

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje obrazac Protot7pe pomou koga se kreiraju nove instance klase (olor kopiranjem pret'odno postojei' objekata istog tipa koje je korisnik ve definisao.
// /rototype -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour./rototype.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { )olorManager colormanager ' ne( )olorManager#$; // 2nici ali8aci a stan"ar"ni4 bo a colormanagerE.re". F ' ne( )olor#+GGK HK H$; colormanagerE.green.F ' ne( )olor# HK +GGK H$; colormanagerE.blue. F ' ne( )olor# HK HK +GG$; // 0o e ko e e "efinisao korisnik colormanagerE.angry.F ' ne( )olor#+GGK GIK H$; colormanagerE.peace.F ' ne( )olor#&+MK +&&K &+M$; colormanagerE.flame.F ' ne( )olor#+&&K AIK +H$; )olor color; // Npotreba o"abrani4 bo a string name ' .re".; color ' colormanagerEnameF.)lone#$ as )olor; name ' .peace.; color ' colormanagerEnameF.)lone#$ as )olor; name ' .flame.; color ' colormanagerEnameF.)lone#$ as )olor; // Lekan e na korisniJki unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // ./rototype. abstract class )olor/rototype { public abstract )olor/rototype )lone#$; -
// .)oncrete/rototype. class )olor 1 { pri!ate int pri!ate int pri!ate int )olor/rototype re"; green; blue;
// ?onstruktor public )olor#int re"K int greenK int blue$ { t4is.re" ' re"; t4is.green ' green; t4is.blue ' blue; // ?reiran e eg8aktne kopi e public o!erri"e )olor/rototype )lone#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine# .)loning color *G01 {HKA-K{&KA-K{+KA-.K re"K greenK blue$; return t4is.Member(ise)lone#$ as )olor/rototype; // ?lasa ko a !o"i raJuna o bo ama class )olorManager { 9as4table colors ' ne( 9as4table#$; // 2n"ekser po imenu public )olor/rototype t4isEstring nameF { get { return colorsEnameF as )olor/rototype; set { colors.A""#nameK !alue$; -
8zlaz
)loning color *G01 +GGK HK H )loning color *G01 &+MK+&&K&+M )loning color *G01 +&&K AIK +H
"sa ljenik (Sin#leton)
Definicija
Obezbeuje da odreena klasa ima maksimalno jedan aktivni objekat, i obezbeuje nain za pristup njemu.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Singleton (!oa"Balancer) o definie operaciju 8nstance koja obezbeuje korisniku pristup jedinom kreiranom objektu o definie konstruktor koji je odgovoran za kreiranje i odravanje svog jedinog objekta
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,Ovaj strukturni kod demonstrira upotrebu klase koja je napravljena po obrascu 0ingleton.
// Singleton O Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Singleton.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$
{ // ?onstruktor e Pprotecte"Q O ne moCe se instancirati sa Pne(Q Singleton s& ' Singleton.2nstance#$; Singleton s+ ' Singleton.2nstance#$; if #s& '' s+$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.Ob ects are t4e same instance.$; // Lekan e na korisniJki unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Singleton. class Singleton { pri!ate static Singleton instance; // Pprotecte"Q konstruktor protecte" Singleton#$ { public static Singleton 2nstance#$ { // O!o se 8o!e Plen aQ inici ali8aci a if #instance '' null$ { instance ' ne( Singleton#$; return instance; -
Ob ects are t4e same instance

Ovaj primer prikazuje primenu obrasca 0ingleton na objekat klase ;oad2alancing. +reirae se samo jedna instanca klase zato to server moe dinamiki da menja stanje iz on9line u off9line. <bog toga e se za'tev prosleivati kroz jedan objekat koji e voditi rauna o stanju cele =eb farme.
// Singleton pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; using System.54rea"ing;
namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Singleton.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { 3oa"0alancer b& ' 3oa"0alancer b+ ' 3oa"0alancer bA ' 3oa"0alancer bI '
3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$; 3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$; 3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$; 3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$;
// 2ste instanceR if #b& '' b+ SS b+ '' bA SS bA '' bI$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.Same instance>n.$; // /oBto su s!i 8apra!o ista instanca b& De se koristiti arbitrarno // NJita!an e &G 8a4te!a ser!eru for #int i ' H; i T &G; i77$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#b&.Ser!er$; // Lekan e na korisniJki unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Singleton. class 3oa"0alancer { pri!ate static 3oa"0alancer instance; pri!ate Array3ist ser!ers ' ne( Array3ist#$; pri!ate *an"om ran"om ' ne( *an"om#$; // Sin4roni8acioni ob ekat pri!ate static ob ect sync3ock ' ne( ob ect#$; // ?onstruktor #protecte"$ protecte" 3oa"0alancer#$ { // 3ista raspoloCi!i4 ser!era ser!ers.A""#.Ser!er2.$; ser!ers.A""#.Ser!er22.$; ser!ers.A""#.Ser!er222.$; ser!ers.A""#.Ser!er2@.$; ser!ers.A""#.Ser!er@.$; -
public static 3oa"0alancer Get3oa"0alancer#$ { // /o"rBka 8a aplikaci u sa !iBe niti kro8 t8!. // UDouble c4ecke" lockingU meto"u sin4roni8aci e. // O!o De omoguDiti "a ka"a se e"nom kreira instancaK 8akl uJa!an e // se neDe !rBiti pri s!akom 8a4te!u if #instance '' null$ { lock #sync3ock$ { if #instance '' null$ { instance ' ne( 3oa"0alancer#$; return instance; // Ve"nosta!no kreriran e ser!era public string Ser!er { get { int r ' ran"om.6e;t#ser!ers.)ount$; return ser!ersErF.5oString#$; -
8zlaz
Same instance Ser!er222 Ser!er22 Ser!er2 Ser!er22 Ser!er2 Ser!er222 Ser!er2 Ser!er222 Ser!er2@ Ser!er22 Ser!er22 Ser!er222 Ser!er2@ Ser!er22 Ser!er2@
Strukturni obrasci (Structural Patterns)
Pre#ovara (Adapter)
Definicija
+onvertuje interfejs jedne klase u interfejs kakav oekuje druga klasa. Obrazac *dapter omoguava da klasa, koje inae ne bi mogle zbog razliiti' interfejsa, funkcioniu zajedno.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% 2arget (C/e#icalCo#poun") o definie specifini interfejs koji koristi klasa (lient.
%"apter (Co#poun") o adaptira interfejs klase *daptee prema interfejsu klase.
%"aptee (C/e#icalDatabank) o definie postojei interfejs koji treba adaptirati.
Client (%"apter%pp) o vodi rauna o objektima koji za'tevaju interfejs klase arget
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,

Ovaj strukturni primer pokazuje upotrebu obrasca *dapter koji definie preslikavanje interfejsa jedne klase u drugu. Ovakve nekompatibilne klase mogu da potiu kako iz razliiti' tako i iz istog prostora imena !namespace$.
// A"apter -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.A"apter.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate a"apter an" place a reWuest 5arget target ' ne( A"apter#$; target.*eWuest#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .5arget. class 5arget { public !irtual !oi" *eWuest#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" 5arget *eWuest#$.$; // .A"apter. class A"apter 1 5arget { pri!ate A"aptee a"aptee ' ne( A"aptee#$; public o!erri"e !oi" *eWuest#$ { // O!"e e moguDe ura"iti na pre i neki "rugi posao // pa tek on"a po8!ati Specific*eWuest a"aptee.Specific*eWuest#$; -
// .A"aptee. class A"aptee { public !oi" Specific*eWuest#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" Specific*eWuest#$.$; -
8zlaz
)alle" Specific*eWuest#$

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu banke podataka 'emijski' jedinjenja. 0loena 'emijska jedinjenja pristupaju banci podataka na osnovu interfejsa koji im je omoguio interfejs klase *dapter.
// A"apter -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.A"apter.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // 6ea"aptirano 4emi sko e"in en e )ompoun" stuff ' ne( )ompoun"#.Nnkno(n.$; stuff.Display#$; // A"aptirano 4emi sko e"in en e )ompoun" (ater ' ne( *ic4)ompoun"#.,ater.$; (ater.Display#$; )ompoun" ben8ene ' ne( *ic4)ompoun"#.0en8ene.$; ben8ene.Display#$; )ompoun" alco4ol ' ne( *ic4)ompoun"#.Alco4ol.$; alco4ol.Display#$; // Lekan e na korisniko! unos
)onsole.*ea"#$; // .5arget. class )ompoun" { protecte" string name; protecte" float boiling/oint; protecte" float melting/oint; protecte" "ouble molecular,eig4t; protecte" string molecularFormula; // ?onstruktor public )ompoun"#string name$ { t4is.name ' name; public !irtual !oi" Display#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n)ompoun"1 {H- ------ .K name$; // .A"apter. class *ic4)ompoun" 1 )ompoun" { pri!ate )4emicalDatabank bank; // ?onstruktor public *ic4)ompoun"#string name$ 1 base#name$ { public o!erri"e !oi" Display#$ { bank ' ne( )4emicalDatabank#$; boiling/oint ' bank.Get)ritical/oint#nameK .0.$; melting/oint ' bank.Get)ritical/oint#nameK .M.$; molecular,eig4t ' bank.GetMolecular,eig4t#name$; molecularFormula ' bank.GetMolecularStructure#name$; base.Display#$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. // .A"aptee.
Formula1 {H-.K molecularFormula$; ,eig4t 1 {H-.K molecular,eig4t$; Melting /t1 {H-.K melting/oint$; 0oiling /t1 {H-.K boiling/oint$;
class )4emicalDatabank { // banka po"ataka preu8eto sa Ulegacy A/2U public float Get)ritical/oint#string compoun"K string point$ { float temperature ' H.HF; // 5aJka mrCn en a if #point '' .M.$ { s(itc4 #compoun".5o3o(er#$$ { case .(ater. 1 temperature ' case .ben8ene. 1 temperature case .alco4ol. 1 temperature // 5aJka kl uJan a else { s(itc4 #compoun".5o3o(er#$$ { case .(ater. 1 temperature ' case .ben8ene. 1 temperature case .alco4ol. 1 temperature return temperature; public string GetMolecularStructure#string compoun"$ { string structure ' ..; s(itc4 { case case case return public "ouble GetMolecular,eig4t#string compoun"$ { "ouble (eig4t ' H.H; s(itc4 #compoun".5o3o(er#$$ { case .(ater. 1 (eig4t ' &M.H&G; break; case .ben8ene. 1 (eig4t ' XM.&&AI; break; case .alco4ol. 1 (eig4t ' IY.HYMM; break; return (eig4t; #compoun".5o3o(er#$$ .(ater. 1 structure ' .9+H.; break; .ben8ene. 1 structure ' .)Y9Y.; break; .alco4ol. 1 structure ' .)+9YO+.; break; structure;
H.HF; break; ' G.GF; break; ' -&&I.&F; break;
&HH.HF; break; ' MH.&F; break; ' XM.AF; break;
8zlaz
)ompoun"1 Nnkno(n -----)ompoun"1 ,ater -----Formula1 9+H ,eig4t 1 &M.H&G Melting /t1 H 0oiling /t1 &HH )ompoun"1 0en8ene -----Formula1 )Y9Y ,eig4t 1 XM.&&AI Melting /t1 G.G 0oiling /t1 MH.& )ompoun"1 Alco4ol -----Formula1 )+9YO+ ,eig4t 1 IY.HYMM Melting /t1 -&&I.& 0oiling /t1 XM.A
!ost (Brid#e)
Definicija
.azdvaja apstrakciju od njene implementacije tako da se ove dve stvari kasnije mogu menjati nezavisno.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% %bstraction (BusinessObject) o o definie interfejs apstrakcije. uva referencu na objekat klase koja implementira apstrakciju.
1efine"%bstraction (Custo#ersBusinessObject) o proiruje interfejs koji definie klasa *bstraction.
3#ple#entor (DataObject) o definie interfejs za implementacione klase. Ovaj interfejs ne mora da apsolutno odgovara interfejsu definisanom u klasi *bstraction> zapravo, ova dva interfejsa mogu biti prilino razliita. 4ajee interfejs klase 8mplementor sadri samo
primitivne operacije dok klasa *bstraction definie defines operacije vieg nivoa bazirane na tim primitivama. Concrete3#ple#entor (Custo#ersDataObject) o 8mplementira interfejs iz klase 8mplementor za konkretni sluaj.

Ovaj strukturni kod predstavlja implementaciju obrasca 2ridge. Obrazac 2ridge razdvaja interfejs od implementacije. 8mplementacija se sada moe raditi bez uticaja na klijentske klase koje koriste apstrakciju implementirani' objekata.
// 0ri"ge pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.0ri"ge.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { Abstraction ab ' ne( *efine"Abstraction#$; // /osta!i implementaci u i po8o!i operaci u ab.2mplementor ' ne( )oncrete2mplementorA#$; ab.Operation#$; // /romeni implementaci u i po8o!i operaci u ab.2mplementor ' ne( )oncrete2mplementor0#$; ab.Operation#$; // Lekan e na korisniJki ula8 )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Abstraction. class Abstraction { protecte" 2mplementor implementor; public 2mplementor 2mplementor { set{ implementor ' !alue; -
public !irtual !oi" Operation#$ { implementor.Operation#$; // .2mplementor. abstract class 2mplementor { public abstract !oi" Operation#$; // .*efine"Abstraction. class *efine"Abstraction 1 Abstraction { public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#$ { implementor.Operation#$; // .)oncrete2mplementorA. class )oncrete2mplementorA 1 2mplementor { public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncrete2mplementorA Operation.$; // .)oncrete2mplementor0. class )oncrete2mplementor0 1 2mplementor { public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncrete2mplementor0 Operation.$; -
8zlaz
)oncrete2mplementorA Operation )oncrete2mplementor0 Operation

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta pokazuje upotrebu obrasca 2ridge pomou koga je apstrakcija podataka !interfejs$ u klasi 2usinessObject razdvojena od implementacije u klasi &ataObject. 8mplementacije instanci klase &ataObject mogu se dinamiki menjati bez ikakvi' uticaja na klase koje i' koriste !klijente$.
// 0ri"ge -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.0ri"ge.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // ?reira *efine"Abstraction ob ekat )ustomers customers ' ne( )ustomers#.)4icago.$; // /osta!i )oncrete2mplementor customers.Data ' ne( )ustomersData#$; // :;ercise t4e bri"ge customers.S4o(#$; customers.6e;t#$; customers.S4o(#$; customers.6e;t#$; customers.S4o(#$; customers.6e(#.9enry @elasWue8.$; customers.S4o(All#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Abstraction. class )ustomers0ase
{ pri!ate DataOb ect "ataOb ect; protecte" string group; public )ustomers0ase#string group$ { t4is.group ' group; public DataOb ect Data { set{ "ataOb ect ' !alue; get{ return "ataOb ect; public !irtual !oi" 6e;t#$ { "ataOb ect.6e;t*ecor"#$; public !irtual !oi" /rior#$ { "ataOb ect./rior*ecor"#$; public !irtual !oi" 6e(#string name$ { "ataOb ect.6e(*ecor"#name$; public !irtual !oi" Delete#string name$ { "ataOb ect.Delete*ecor"#name$; public !irtual !oi" S4o(#$ { "ataOb ect.S4o(*ecor"#$; public !irtual !oi" S4o(All#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)ustomer Group1 . 7 group$; "ataOb ect.S4o(All*ecor"s#$; // .*efine"Abstraction. class )ustomers 1 )ustomers0ase { // ?onstruktor public )ustomers#string group$ 1 base#group$ {
public o!erri"e !oi" S4o(All#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#$; )onsole.,rite3ine #.------------------------.$; base.S4o(All#$; )onsole.,rite3ine #.------------------------.$; // .2mplementor. abstract { public public public public public public class DataOb ect abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract !oi" !oi" !oi" !oi" !oi" !oi" 6e;t*ecor"#$; /rior*ecor"#$; 6e(*ecor"#string name$; Delete*ecor"#string name$; S4o(*ecor"#$; S4o(All*ecor"s#$;
// .)oncrete2mplementor. class )ustomersData 1 DataOb ect { pri!ate Array3ist customers ' ne( Array3ist#$; pri!ate int current ' H; public )ustomersData#$ { customers.A""#.Vim Vones.$; customers.A""#.Samual Vackson.$; customers.A""#.Allen Goo".$; customers.A""#.Ann Stills.$; customers.A""#.3isa Giolani.$; public o!erri"e !oi" 6e;t*ecor"#$ { if #current T' customers.)ount - &$ { current77; public o!erri"e !oi" /rior*ecor"#$ { if #current Z H$ { current--; -
public o!erri"e !oi" 6e(*ecor"#string name$ { customers.A""#name$; public o!erri"e !oi" Delete*ecor"#string name$ { customers.*emo!e#name$; public o!erri"e !oi" S4o(*ecor"#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#customersEcurrentF$; public o!erri"e !oi" S4o(All*ecor"s#$ { foreac4 #string name in customers$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. . 7 name$; -
8zlaz
Vim Vones Samual Vackson Allen Goo" -----------------------)ustomer Group1 )4icago Vim Vones Samual Vackson Allen Goo" Ann Stills 3isa Giolani 9enry @elasWue8 ------------------------
$o po%icija (Co posite)

Definicija
,reuje objekte u 'ijerar'ijsku strukturu stabla. Obrazac (omposite dozvoljava klijentu da i posebne objekte i kompozicije tretira na isti nain.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Co#ponent (Dra4ing$le#ent) o o o deklarie interfejs za objekte koji mogu da ine kompoziciju implementira osnovno ponaanje za interfejs zajedniki svim klasama deklarie interfejs za pristup i manipulaciju njegovim podelementima !c'ild components$ o !opciono$ definie i implementira interfejs za pristup roditeljskom elementu u rekurzivnim strukturama !eaf (Pri#iti)e$le#ent)
predstavlja objekat koji uestvuje u kompoziciji. Ovako se predstavljaju tzv. listovi !elementi koji nemaju podelemente$
definie ponaanje za primitivne objekte u kompoziciji
Co#posite (Co#posite$le#ent) o o o definie ponaanje elemenata koji mogu da imaju podelemente uva podelemente implementira operacije koje se odnose na podelemente u interfejsu klase (omponent
Client (Co#posite%pp) o manipulie objektima kompozicije kroz interfejs koji obezbeuje klasa (omponent
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,Ovaj strukturni kod prikazuje obrazac (omposite koji omoguava kreiranje strukture stabla gde se svakom voru pristupa na potpuno isti nain bez obzira da li je on list ili grana.
// )omposite -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.)omposite.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // ?reiran e strukture stabla )omposite root ' ne( )omposite#.root.$; root.A""#ne( 3eaf#.3eaf A.$$; root.A""#ne( 3eaf#.3eaf 0.$$; )omposite comp ' ne( )omposite#.)omposite <.$; comp.A""#ne( 3eaf#.3eaf <A.$$; comp.A""#ne( 3eaf#.3eaf <0.$$; root.A""#comp$; root.A""#ne( 3eaf#.3eaf ).$$; // Do"a!an e i i8baci!an e listo!a
3eaf leaf ' ne( 3eaf#.3eaf D.$; root.A""#leaf$; root.*emo!e#leaf$; // *ekur8i!ni prika8 stabla root.Display#&$; // Lekan e na korisniko! unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)omponent. abstract class )omponent { protecte" string name; // ?onstruktor public )omponent#string name$ { t4is.name ' name; public abstract !oi" A""#)omponent c$; public abstract !oi" *emo!e#)omponent c$; public abstract !oi" Display#int "ept4$; // .)omposite. class )omposite 1 )omponent { pri!ate Array3ist c4il"ren ' ne( Array3ist#$; // ?onstruktor public )omposite#string name$ 1 base#name$ { public o!erri"e !oi" A""#)omponent component$ { c4il"ren.A""#component$; public o!erri"e !oi" *emo!e#)omponent component$ { c4il"ren.*emo!e#component$; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#int "ept4$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#ne( String#U-UK "ept4$ 7 name$;
// *ekur8i!ni prika8 po"elemenata foreac4 #)omponent component in c4il"ren$ { component.Display#"ept4 7 +$; // .3eaf. class 3eaf 1 )omponent { // ?onstruktor public 3eaf#string name$ 1 base#name$ { public o!erri"e !oi" A""#)omponent c$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)annot a"" to a leaf.$; public o!erri"e !oi" *emo!e#)omponent c$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)annot remo!e from a leaf.$; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#int "ept4$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#ne( String#U-UK "ept4$ 7 name$; -
8zlaz
-root ---3eaf A ---3eaf 0 ---)omposite < -----3eaf <A -----3eaf <0 ---3eaf )

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje ulogu obrasca (omposite u kreiranju grafike strukture stabla koja je sainjena od primitivni' elemenata !linija, krugova$ i sloeni' vorova !grupe elemenata za crtanje od koji' se prave sloeniji elementi$
// )omposite -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.)omposite.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // ?reiran e strukture stabla )omposite:lement root ' ne( )omposite:lement#./icture.$; root.A""#ne( /rimiti!e:lement#.*e" 3ine.$$; root.A""#ne( /rimiti!e:lement#.0lue )ircle.$$; root.A""#ne( /rimiti!e:lement#.Green 0o;.$$; )omposite:lement comp ' ne( )omposite:lement#.5(o )ircles.$; comp.A""#ne( /rimiti!e:lement#.0lack )ircle.$$; comp.A""#ne( /rimiti!e:lement#.,4ite )ircle.$$; root.A""#comp$; // Do"a!an e i brisan e primiti!ni4 elemenata /rimiti!e:lement pe ' ne( /rimiti!e:lement#.=ello( 3ine.$; root.A""#pe$; root.*emo!e#pe$; // *ekur8i!ni prika8 stabla root.Display#&$; // Lekan e na korisniko! unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)omponent. O J!or u stablu
abstract class Dra(ing:lement { protecte" string name; // ?onstruktor public Dra(ing:lement#string name$ { t4is.name ' name; public abstract !oi" A""#Dra(ing:lement "$; public abstract !oi" *emo!e#Dra(ing:lement "$; public abstract !oi" Display#int in"ent$; // .3eaf. class /rimiti!e:lement 1 Dra(ing:lement { // ?onstruktor public /rimiti!e:lement#string name$ 1 base#name$ { public o!erri"e !oi" A""#Dra(ing:lement c$ { )onsole.,rite3ine# .)annot a"" to a /rimiti!e:lement.$; public o!erri"e !oi" *emo!e#Dra(ing:lement c$ { )onsole.,rite3ine# .)annot remo!e from a /rimiti!e:lement.$; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#int in"ent$ { )onsole.,rite3ine# ne( String#U-UK in"ent$ 7 . . 7 name$; // .)omposite. class )omposite:lement 1 Dra(ing:lement { pri!ate Array3ist elements ' ne( Array3ist#$; // ?onstruktor public )omposite:lement#string name$ 1 base#name$ { -
public o!erri"e !oi" A""#Dra(ing:lement "$ { elements.A""#"$; public o!erri"e !oi" *emo!e#Dra(ing:lement "$ { elements.*emo!e#"$; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#int in"ent$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#ne( String#U-UK in"ent$ 7 .7 . 7 name$; // Display eac4 c4il" element on t4is no"e foreac4 #Dra(ing:lement c in elements$ { c.Display#in"ent 7 +$; -
8zlaz
-7 /icture --- *e" 3ine --- 0lue )ircle --- Green 0o; ---7 5(o )ircles ----- 0lack )ircle ----- ,4ite )ircle
&ekorater (&ecorator)
Definicija
0lui za dinamiko dodavanje novi' funkcija nekom objektu. Obrazac &ecorator takoe omoguava fleksibilan nain za unapreenje funkcionalnosti ve dodati' potklasa.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Co#ponent (!ibrar&3te#) o definie interfejs za objekte kojima se dinamiki mogu dodavati nove funkcije
ConcreteCo#ponent (Book' .i"eo) o predstavlja klasu ijim se objektima mogu dinamiki dodavati funkcije
Decorator (Decorator)
uva referencu na objekat klase (omponent i definie interfejs koji se slae sa interfejsom klase (omponent
ConcreteDecorator (Borro4able) o dodaje nove funkcije komponenti

Ovaj strukturni kod demonstrira upotrebu obrasca &ecorator koji dinami>ki dodaje funkcionalnosti postojeem objektu.
// Decorator -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Decorator.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // ?reira e"an ob ekat )oncrete)omponent i "!a ob ekta klase Decorator )oncrete)omponent c ' ne( )oncrete)omponent#$; )oncreteDecoratorA "& ' ne( )oncreteDecoratorA#$; )oncreteDecorator0 "+ ' ne( )oncreteDecorator0#$; // /o!e8i!an e "ekoratora "&.Set)omponent#c$; "+.Set)omponent#"&$; "+.Operation#$; // Lekan e na korisniJki unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)omponent. abstract class )omponent { public abstract !oi" Operation#$; -
// .)oncrete)omponent. class )oncrete)omponent 1 )omponent { public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncrete)omponent.Operation#$.$; // .Decorator. abstract class Decorator 1 )omponent { protecte" )omponent component; public !oi" Set)omponent#)omponent component$ { t4is.component ' component; public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#$ { if #component [' null$ { component.Operation#$; // .)oncreteDecoratorA. class )oncreteDecoratorA 1 Decorator { pri!ate string a""e"State; public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#$ { base.Operation#$; a""e"State ' .6e( State.; )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncreteDecoratorA.Operation#$.$; // .)oncreteDecorator0. class )oncreteDecorator0 1 Decorator { public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#$ { base.Operation#$; A""e"0e4a!ior#$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncreteDecorator0.Operation#$.$; -
!oi" A""e"0e4a!ior#$ { -
8zlaz
)oncrete)omponent.Operation#$ )oncreteDecoratorA.Operation#$ )oncreteDecorator0.Operation#$

Ovaj primer pokazuje kako obrazac &ecorator ?pozajmljuje@ funkcionalnost postojeim elementima biblioteke.
// Decorator pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Decorator.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // ?reira kn igu 0ook book ' ne( 0ook #.,orley.K .2nsi"e AS/.6:5.K &H$; book.Display#$; // ?reira !i"eo @i"eo !i"eo ' ne( @i"eo #.Spielberg.K .Va(s.K +AK \+$; !i"eo.Display#$; // Npotrebi patern )onsole.,rite3ine#.>nMaking !i"eo borro(able1.$; 0orro(able borro(!i"eo ' ne( 0orro(able#!i"eo$; borro(!i"eo.0orro(2tem#.)ustomer %&.$; borro(!i"eo.0orro(2tem#.)ustomer %+.$;
borro(!i"eo.Display#$; )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)omponent. abstract class 3ibrary2tem { pri!ate int num)opies; public int 6um)opies { get{ return num)opies; set{ num)opies ' !alue; public abstract !oi" Display#$; // .)oncrete)omponent. class 0ook 1 3ibrary2tem { pri!ate string aut4or; pri!ate string title; // ?onstruktor public 0ook#string aut4orKstring titleKint num)opies$ { t4is.aut4or ' aut4or; t4is.title ' title; t4is.6um)opies ' num)opies; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n0ook ------ .$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. Aut4or1 {H-.K aut4or$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. 5itle1 {H-.K title$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. % )opies1 {H-.K 6um)opies$; // .)oncrete)omponent. class @i"eo 1 3ibrary2tem { pri!ate string "irector; pri!ate string title; pri!ate int play5ime;
// ?onstruktor public @i"eo#string "irectorK string titleK int num)opiesK int play5ime$ { t4is."irector ' "irector; t4is.title ' title; t4is.6um)opies ' num)opies; t4is.play5ime ' play5ime; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n@i"eo ----- .$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. Director1 {H-.K "irector$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. 5itle1 {H-.K title$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. % )opies1 {H-.K 6um)opies$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. /laytime1 {H->n.K play5ime$; // .Decorator. abstract class Decorator 1 3ibrary2tem { protecte" 3ibrary2tem library2tem; // ?onstruktor public Decorator#3ibrary2tem library2tem$ { t4is.library2tem ' library2tem; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#$ { library2tem.Display#$; // .)oncreteDecorator. class 0orro(able 1 Decorator { protecte" Array3ist borro(ers ' ne( Array3ist#$; // )onstructor public 0orro(able#3ibrary2tem library2tem$ 1 base#library2tem$ { public !oi" 0orro(2tem#string name$ { borro(ers.A""#name$; library2tem.6um)opies--;
public !oi" *eturn2tem#string name$ { borro(ers.*emo!e#name$; library2tem.6um)opies77; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#$ { base.Display#$; foreac4 #string borro(er in borro(ers$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. borro(er1 . 7 borro(er$; -
8zlaz
0ook -----Aut4or1 ,orley 5itle1 2nsi"e AS/.6:5 % )opies1 &H @i"eo ----Director1 Spielberg 5itle1 Va(s % )opies1 +A /laytime1 \+
Making !i"eo borro(able1 @i"eo ----Director1 Spielberg 5itle1 Va(s % )opies1 +& /laytime1 \+ borro(er1 )ustomer %& borro(er1 )ustomer %+
Fasada (Fa'ade)
Definicija
Obezbeuje jedinstveni interfejs ka celom podsistemu. Obrazac #asada definie interfejs na viem nivou koji olakava upotrebu podsistema.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Faca"e ( ortgage%pplication) o o zna koje klase podsistema treba da pri'vate spoljni za'tev delegira klijentski za'tev odgovarajuem objektu iz podsistema
Subs&ste# classes (Bank' Cre"it' !oan) o o o implementiraju funkcionalnost podsistema obrauju za'teve koji im dolaze od objekta klase #acade nemaju pojma o fasadi i ne uvaju nikakvu referencu na nju

Ovaj strukturni kod prikazuje kreiranje uproenog i uniformnog interfejsa ka velikom podsistemu.
// Faca"e pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Faca"e.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { public static !oi" Main#$ { Faca"e faca"e ' ne( Faca"e#$; faca"e.Met4o"A#$; faca"e.Met4o"0#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Subsystem )lassA. class SubSystemOne { public !oi" Met4o"One#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. SubSystemOne Met4o".$; // Subsystem )lass0. class SubSystem5(o { public !oi" Met4o"5(o#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. SubSystem5(o Met4o".$; // Subsystem )lass). class SubSystem54ree
{ public !oi" Met4o"54ree#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. SubSystem54ree Met4o".$; // Subsystem )lassD. class SubSystemFour { public !oi" Met4o"Four#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. SubSystemFour Met4o".$; // .Faca"e. class Faca"e { SubSystemOne one; SubSystem5(o t(o; SubSystem54ree t4ree; SubSystemFour four; public Faca"e#$ { one ' ne( SubSystemOne#$; t(o ' ne( SubSystem5(o#$; t4ree ' ne( SubSystem54ree#$; four ' ne( SubSystemFour#$; public !oi" Met4o"A#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>nMet4o"A#$ ---- .$; one.Met4o"One#$; t(o.Met4o"5(o#$; four.Met4o"Four#$; public !oi" Met4o"0#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>nMet4o"0#$ ---- .$; t(o.Met4o"5(o#$; t4ree.Met4o"54ree#$; -
8zlaz
Met4o"A#$ ---SubSystemOne Met4o" SubSystem5(o Met4o" SubSystemFour Met4o" Met4o"0#$ ---SubSystem5(o Met4o" SubSystem54ree Met4o"

Ovaj primer pokazuje upotrebu obrasca #acade kao objekta klase -ortgage*pplication !mortgage znai 'ipoteka$ koji obezbeuje uproeni interfejs ka skupu klasa koje imaju ulogu da odrede kreditnu sposobnost klijenta.
// Faca"e pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Faca"e.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // Fasa"a Mortgage mortgage ' ne( Mortgage#$; // *aJunan e 4ipoteke 8a kupca )ustomer customer ' ne( )ustomer#.Ann Mc?insey.$; bool eligable ' mortgage.2s:ligible#customerK&+GHHH$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n. 7 customer.6ame 7 . 4as been . 7 #eligable R .Appro!e". 1 .*e ecte".$$; // Lekan e na korisniJki unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Subsystem )lassA. class 0ank { public bool 9asSufficientSa!ings#)ustomer cK int amount$
{ )onsole.,rite3ine#.)4eck bank for . 7 c.6ame$; return true; // .Subsystem )lass0. class )re"it { public bool 9asGoo")re"it#)ustomer c$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)4eck cre"it for . 7 c.6ame$; return true; // .Subsystem )lass). class 3oan { public bool 9as6o0a"3oans#)ustomer c$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)4eck loans for . 7 c.6ame$; return true; class )ustomer { pri!ate string name; public )ustomer#string name$ { t4is.name ' name; public string 6ame { get{ return name; // .Faca"e. class Mortgage { pri!ate 0ank bank ' ne( 0ank#$; pri!ate 3oan loan ' ne( 3oan#$; pri!ate )re"it cre"it ' ne( )re"it#$; public bool 2s:ligible#)ustomer custK int amount$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- applies for {&1)- loan>n.K
cust.6ameK amount$; bool eligible ' true; // /ro!era kre"itne sposobnosti if #[bank.9asSufficientSa!ings#custK amount$$ { eligible ' false; else if #[loan.9as6o0a"3oans#cust$$ { eligible ' false; else if #[cre"it.9asGoo")re"it#cust$$ { eligible ' false; return eligible; -
8zlaz
Ann Mc?insey applies for ]&+GKHHH.HH loan )4eck bank for Ann Mc?insey )4eck loans for Ann Mc?insey )4eck cre"it for Ann Mc?insey Ann Mc?insey 4as been Appro!e"
Superlaki (Fly(ei#ht)
Definicija
+oristi princip deljenja resursa!s'aring$ da bi obezbedio efikasniju podrku veem broju mali' objekata.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su% Fl&4eig/t (C/aracter) o deklarie interfejs kroz koji superlaki objekti !fl7=eig'ts$ mogu funkcionisati i kroz neodreena !eAtrinsic$ stanja ConcreteFl&4eig/t (C/aracter%' C/aracterB' 555' C/aracter6) o implementira #l7=eig't interfejs i uve podatke o neodreenim stanjima objekata, ako postoje. Objekti klase (oncrete#l7=eig't moraju biti deljivi !s'arable$. Uns/are"ConcreteFl&4eig/t ( not use" )
nije neop'odno sa sve podklase klase #l7=eig't budu deljive. 8nterfejs klase #l7=eig't omoguava deljenje ali ga ne forsira. <ajedniko svim objektima klase ,ns'ared(oncrete#l7=eig't je da imaju objekte klase (oncrete#l7=eig't u svojoj strukturi.
Fl&4eig/tFactor& (C/aracterFactor&) o o kreira i vodi rauna o ?fl7=eig't@ onjektima obezbeuje da ?fl7=eig't@ objekti budu zaista deljevi. +ada klijent za'teva ?fl7=eig't@ objekat klasa #l7=eig't#actor7 mu prosleuje odgovarajui ?fl7=eig't@, ili kreira jedan takav objekat ako nijedan ne postoji.
Client (Fl&4eig/t%pp) o o uve reference na fl7=eig't objekte proraunava i uva podatke o neodreenim stanjima fl7=eig't objekata

Ovaj strukturni kod demonstrira upotrebu #l7=eig't obrasca koji vodi rauna o deljenju relativno malog broja objekata. Ovi objekti su deljeni vie puta od strane vie razliiti' klijenata.
// Fly(eig4t pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Fly(eig4t.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // /roi8!ol no e;trinsic stan e int e;trinsicstate ' ++; Fly(eig4tFactory f ' ne( Fly(eig4tFactory#$; // *a" sa ra8liJitim fly(eig4t obrascima Fly(eig4t f; ' f.GetFly(eig4t#.<.$; f;.Operation#--e;trinsicstate$; Fly(eig4t fy ' f.GetFly(eig4t#.=.$; fy.Operation#--e;trinsicstate$; Fly(eig4t f8 ' f.GetFly(eig4t#.^.$;
f8.Operation#--e;trinsicstate$; Nns4are")oncreteFly(eig4t fu ' ne( Nns4are")oncreteFly(eig4t#$; fu.Operation#--e;trinsicstate$; // Lekan e na korisniJki unos )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Fly(eig4tFactory. class Fly(eig4tFactory { pri!ate 9as4table fly(eig4ts ' ne( 9as4table#$; // )onstructor public Fly(eig4tFactory#$ { fly(eig4ts.A""#.<.K ne( )oncreteFly(eig4t#$$; fly(eig4ts.A""#.=.K ne( )oncreteFly(eig4t#$$; fly(eig4ts.A""#.^.K ne( )oncreteFly(eig4t#$$; public Fly(eig4t GetFly(eig4t#string key$ { return##Fly(eig4t$fly(eig4tsEkeyF$; // .Fly(eig4t. abstract class Fly(eig4t { public abstract !oi" Operation#int e;trinsicstate$; // .)oncreteFly(eig4t. class )oncreteFly(eig4t 1 Fly(eig4t { public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#int e;trinsicstate$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncreteFly(eig4t1 . 7 e;trinsicstate$; // .Nns4are")oncreteFly(eig4t. class Nns4are")oncreteFly(eig4t 1 Fly(eig4t { public o!erri"e !oi" Operation#int e;trinsicstate$
{ )onsole.,rite3ine#.Nns4are")oncreteFly(eig4t1 . 7 e;trinsicstate$; -
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)oncreteFly(eig4t1 +& )oncreteFly(eig4t1 +H )oncreteFly(eig4t1 &\ Nns4are")oncreteFly(eig4t1 &M

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje kako je relativno mali broj karaktera !('aracter$ deljen mnogo puta od strane dokumenta koji je zapravo sainjen od mnogo karaktera.
// Fly(eig4t pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Fly(eig4t.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // 0uil" a "ocument (it4 te;t string "ocument ' .AA^^00^0.; c4arEF c4ars ' "ocument.5o)4arArray#$; )4aracterFactory f ' ne( )4aracterFactory#$; // e;trinsic state int pointSi8e ' &H; // For eac4 c4aracter use a fly(eig4t ob ect foreac4 #c4ar c in c4ars$ { pointSi8e77; )4aracter c4aracter ' f.Get)4aracter#c$; c4aracter.Display#pointSi8e$;
// ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Fly(eig4tFactory. class )4aracterFactory { pri!ate 9as4table c4aracters ' ne( 9as4table#$; public )4aracter Get)4aracter#c4ar key$ { // Nses .la8y initiali8ation. )4aracter c4aracter ' c4aractersEkeyF as )4aracter; if #c4aracter '' null$ { s(itc4 #key$ { case UAU1 c4aracter ' ne( )4aracterA#$; break; case U0U1 c4aracter ' ne( )4aracter0#$; break; //... case UÛ1 c4aracter ' ne( )4aracter^#$; break; c4aracters.A""#keyK c4aracter$; return c4aracter; // .Fly(eig4t. abstract class )4aracter { protecte" c4ar symbol; protecte" int (i"t4; protecte" int 4eig4t; protecte" int ascent; protecte" int "escent; protecte" int pointSi8e; public abstract !oi" Display#int pointSi8e$; // .)oncreteFly(eig4t. class )4aracterA 1 )4aracter { // )onstructor public )4aracterA#$ { t4is.symbol ' UAU;
t4is.4eig4t ' &HH; t4is.(i"t4 ' &+H; t4is.ascent ' XH; t4is."escent ' H; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#int pointSi8e$ { t4is.pointSi8e ' pointSi8e; )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.symbol 7 . #pointsi8e . 7 t4is.pointSi8e 7 .$.$; // .)oncreteFly(eig4t. class )4aracter0 1 )4aracter { // )onstructor public )4aracter0#$ { t4is.symbol ' U0U; t4is.4eig4t ' &HH; t4is.(i"t4 ' &IH; t4is.ascent ' X+; t4is."escent ' H; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#int pointSi8e$ { t4is.pointSi8e ' pointSi8e; )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.symbol 7 . #pointsi8e . 7 t4is.pointSi8e 7 .$.$; // ... )K DK :K etc. // .)oncreteFly(eig4t. class )4aracter^ 1 )4aracter { // )onstructor public )4aracter^#$ { t4is.symbol ' UÛ; t4is.4eig4t ' &HH; t4is.(i"t4 ' &HH; t4is.ascent ' YM; t4is."escent ' H; public o!erri"e !oi" Display#int pointSi8e$
{ t4is.pointSi8e ' pointSi8e; )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.symbol 7 . #pointsi8e . 7 t4is.pointSi8e 7 .$.$; -
8zlaz
A A ^ ^ 0 0 ^ 0 #pointsi8e #pointsi8e #pointsi8e #pointsi8e #pointsi8e #pointsi8e #pointsi8e #pointsi8e &&$ &+$ &A$ &I$ &G$ &Y$ &X$ &M$
Poslanik (Pro)y)
Definicija
Obezbeuje surogat !place'older$ za objekat koji treba biti kontrolisan.
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+lase i6ili objekti koje uestvuju u ovom obrascu su%
Proxy (MathProxy) o Ao i ra-%na o referenci koja koja proksij% o&2olja2a prist%p ka ;eal5%bject objekt%. 9bjekat Pro8y se "oBe o nositi i na objekat klase 5%bject ako s% interfejsi klasa ;eal5%bject i 5%bject i enti-ni. o 9be&beC%je interfejs i enti-an interfejs% klase 5%bject. U proti2no" objekat Pro8y ne bi "o!ao %2ek a &a"eni objekat 5%bject. o Ao i ra-%na o prist%p% instanci klase ;eal5%bject i "oBe biti o !o2oran &a nje!o2o kreiranje i brisanje. o 9stale o !o2ornosti &a2ise o 2rste proksija( remote proxies s% o !o2orni &a ko iranje &a.te2a i nje!o2i. ar!%"enataD kao i &a slanje o2ako ko irano! &a.te2a realni" objekti"a (;eal5%bjects) koji se nala&e % ra&li-iti" a resni" prostori"a. virtual proxies "o!% -%2ati o atne infor"acije o realni" objekti"a tako a "o!% s"anjiti %-estanost obra=anja.
protection proxies 2o e ra-%na o to"e a li objekat koji i. po&i2a i"a o2oljan ni2o pri2ile!ija a bi se prosle io &a.te2. Subject (IMath) o Defini:e &aje ni-ki interfejs &a klase ;eal5%bject i Pro8yD kako bi Pro8y "o!ao biti %potrebljen s2% a ! e se ;eal5%bject o-ek%je. RealSubject (Math) o Defini:e realne objekte koje repre&ent%je Pro8y objekat.

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je obra&ac Pro8y koji kreira objekat koji 2o i ra-%na o prist%p% r%!o" sli-no" objekt%.
// /ro;y pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour./ro;y.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate pro;y an" reWuest a ser!ice /ro;y pro;y ' ne( /ro;y#$; pro;y.*eWuest#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Sub ect. abstract class Sub ect { public abstract !oi" *eWuest#$; // .*ealSub ect. class *ealSub ect 1 Sub ect { public o!erri"e !oi" *eWuest#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" *ealSub ect.*eWuest#$.$; // ./ro;y.
class /ro;y 1 Sub ect { *ealSub ect realSub ect; public o!erri"e !oi" *eWuest#$ { // Nse Ula8y initiali8ationU if #realSub ect '' null$ { realSub ect ' ne( *ealSub ect#$; realSub ect.*eWuest#$; 28la8 )alle" *ealSub ect.*eWuest#$

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu obrasca ProA7 za matematike objekte koji su predstavljeni -at'ProA7 objektom.
// /ro;y pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour./ro;y.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate mat4 pro;y Mat4/ro;y p ' ne( Mat4/ro;y#$; // Do t4e mat4 )onsole.,rite3ine#.I )onsole.,rite3ine#.I )onsole.,rite3ine#.I )onsole.,rite3ine#.I // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Sub ect. public interface 2Mat4 { 7 _ / + + + + ' ' ' ' . . . . 7 7 7 7 p.A""#IK p.Sub#IK p.Mul#IK p.Di!#IK +$$; +$$; +$$; +$$;
"ouble "ouble "ouble "ouble -
A""#"ouble Sub#"ouble Mul#"ouble Di!#"ouble
;K ;K ;K ;K
"ouble "ouble "ouble "ouble
y$; y$; y$; y$;
// .*ealSub ect. class Mat4 1 2Mat4 { public "ouble A""#"ouble public "ouble Sub#"ouble public "ouble Mul#"ouble public "ouble Di!#"ouble // ./ro;y Ob ect. class Mat4/ro;y 1 2Mat4 { Mat4 mat4; public Mat4/ro;y#$ { mat4 ' ne( Mat4#$; public "ouble A""#"ouble { return mat4.A""#;Ky$; public "ouble Sub#"ouble { return mat4.Sub#;Ky$; public "ouble Mul#"ouble { return mat4.Mul#;Ky$; public "ouble Di!#"ouble { return mat4.Di!#;Ky$; 28la8 I 7 + I - + I _ + I / + ' ' ' ' Y + M + ;K "ouble y$
;K ;K ;K ;K
"ouble "ouble "ouble "ouble
y${return y${return y${return y${return
; ; ; ;
7 _ /
y;y;y;y;-
;K "ouble y$
;K "ouble y$
;K "ouble y$
Obrasci ponaanja (Be/a)ioral Patterns)
$o andni lanac (Chain of *esponsibility)

Definicija
5l%Bi a se na najje nosta2niji na-in prosleC%je ni& s%kcesi2ni. po&i2a. 9bjekat koji :alje &a.te2 treba a po:alje sa"o je an objekat % lanac. Lanac pre%&i"a taj objekat i prosleC%je !a o kona-no! o re i:ta. ;e&%ltat se &ati" pre%&i"a i 2ra=a se lance" objekt% koji je inicirao po&i2.
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Klase iEili objekti koje %-est2%j% % o2o" obrasc% s%(
Handler (Approver) o Defini:e interfejs &a obra % &a.te2a o (opciono) i"ple"entira i"ple"entira operacij% po2e&i2anja ka ele"ent% ko"e se prosleC%je po&i2 ConcreteHandler (Director, icePre!ident, Pre!ident) o 9braC%je &a.te2e koji s% "% %p%=eni o MoBe a prist%pi s2o" sle benik% (ele"ent% ko"e :alje &a.te2) o Ako objekat klase ConcreteFan ler "oBe a obra i &a.te2 ona to i -iniD % s%protno"D prosleC%je &a.te2 s2o" sle benik% % lanc% Client (ChainApp) o <nicira &a.te2 objekt% klase ConcreteFan ler kro& lanac
Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je %potreb% lanca o !o2ornosti ! e nekoliko po2e&ani. objekata (lanac) n% e "o!%=nost a o !o2ore na &a.te2 iliD ako ne "o!%D prosleC%j% !a alje.
// )4ain of *esponsibility -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.)4ain.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // 2nicira lanac o"go!ornosti 9an"ler 4& ' ne( )oncrete9an"ler&#$; 9an"ler 4+ ' ne( )oncrete9an"ler+#$; 9an"ler 4A ' ne( )oncrete9an"lerA#$; 4&.SetSuccessor#4+$; 4+.SetSuccessor#4A$; // GeneriBe i obraù e 8a4te! intEF reWuests ' {+K GK &IK ++K &MK AK +XK +H-; foreac4 #int reWuest in reWuests$ { 4&.9an"le*eWuest#reWuest$; )onsole.*ea"#$; // .9an"ler. abstract class 9an"ler { protecte" 9an"ler successor; public !oi" SetSuccessor#9an"ler successor$ { t4is.successor ' successor; public abstract !oi" 9an"le*eWuest#int reWuest$; // .)oncrete9an"ler&. class )oncrete9an"ler& 1 9an"ler { public o!erri"e !oi" 9an"le*eWuest#int reWuest$ { if #reWuest Z' H SS reWuest T &H$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- 4an"le" reWuest {&-.K
t4is.Get5ype#$.6ameK reWuest$; else if #successor [' null$ { successor.9an"le*eWuest#reWuest$; // .)oncrete9an"ler+. class )oncrete9an"ler+ 1 9an"ler { public o!erri"e !oi" 9an"le*eWuest#int reWuest$ { if #reWuest Z' &H SS reWuest T +H$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- 4an"le" reWuest {&-.K t4is.Get5ype#$.6ameK reWuest$; else if #successor [' null$ { successor.9an"le*eWuest#reWuest$; // .)oncrete9an"lerA. class )oncrete9an"lerA 1 9an"ler { public o!erri"e !oi" 9an"le*eWuest#int reWuest$ { if #reWuest Z' +H SS reWuest T AH$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- 4an"le" reWuest {&-.K t4is.Get5ype#$.6ameK reWuest$; else if #successor [' null$ { successor.9an"le*eWuest#reWuest$; 28la8 )oncrete9an"ler& )oncrete9an"ler& )oncrete9an"ler+ )oncrete9an"lerA )oncrete9an"ler+ )oncrete9an"ler& )oncrete9an"lerA )oncrete9an"lerA 4an"le" 4an"le" 4an"le" 4an"le" 4an"le" 4an"le" 4an"le" 4an"le" reWuest reWuest reWuest reWuest reWuest reWuest reWuest reWuest + G &I ++ &M A +X +H

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu obrasca ('ain of .esponsibilit7 gde nekoliko rukovodioca !'ijerar'ijski ureeni'$ mogu ili da odgovore na narudbinu ili da je proslede svom pretpostavljenom. 0vaka pozicija moe imati svoj skup pravila na osnovu koji' obrauje za'teve.
// )4ain of *esponsibility -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.)4ain.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // 2nici ali8aci a e"nog a)4ain of *esponsibilityP Director 3arry ' ne( Director#$; @ice/resi"ent Sam ' ne( @ice/resi"ent#$; /resi"ent 5ammy ' ne( /resi"ent#$; 3arry.SetSuccessor#Sam$; Sam.SetSuccessor#5ammy$; // GeneriBi i obra"i 8a4te!e /urc4ase p ' ne( /urc4ase#+HAIK AGH.HHK .Supplies.$; 3arry./rocess*eWuest#p$; p ' ne( /urc4ase#+HAGK A+G\H.&HK ./ro ect <.$; 3arry./rocess*eWuest#p$; p ' ne( /urc4ase#+HAYK &++&HH.HHK ./ro ect =.$; 3arry./rocess*eWuest#p$; // Jekan e na korisnika )onsole.*ea"#$; // .9an"ler. abstract class Appro!er { protecte" Appro!er successor; public !oi" SetSuccessor#Appro!er successor$ { t4is.successor ' successor; public abstract !oi" /rocess*eWuest#/urc4ase purc4ase$; // .)oncrete9an"ler. class Director 1 Appro!er {
public o!erri"e !oi" /rocess*eWuest#/urc4ase purc4ase$ { if #purc4ase.Amount T &HHHH.H$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- appro!e" reWuest% {&-.K t4is.Get5ype#$.6ameK purc4ase.6umber$; else if #successor [' null$ { successor./rocess*eWuest#purc4ase$; // .)oncrete9an"ler. class @ice/resi"ent 1 Appro!er { public o!erri"e !oi" /rocess*eWuest#/urc4ase purc4ase$ { if #purc4ase.Amount T +GHHH.H$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- appro!e" reWuest% {&-.K t4is.Get5ype#$.6ameK purc4ase.6umber$; else if #successor [' null$ { successor./rocess*eWuest#purc4ase$; // .)oncrete9an"ler. class /resi"ent 1 Appro!er { public o!erri"e !oi" /rocess*eWuest#/urc4ase purc4ase$ { if #purc4ase.Amount T &HHHHH.H$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- appro!e" reWuest% {&-.K t4is.Get5ype#$.6ameK purc4ase.6umber$; else { )onsole.,rite3ine# .*eWuest% {H- reWuires an e;ecuti!e meeting[.K purc4ase.6umber$; // *eWuest "etails class /urc4ase { pri!ate int number; pri!ate "ouble amount; pri!ate string purpose; // )onstructor public /urc4ase#int numberK "ouble amountK string purpose$ {
t4is.number ' number; t4is.amount ' amount; t4is.purpose ' purpose; // /roperties public "ouble Amount { get{ return amount; set{ amount ' !alue; public string /urpose { get{ return purpose; set{ purpose ' !alue; public int 6umber { get{ return number; set{ number ' !alue; 28la8 Director 3arry appro!e" reWuest% +HAI /resi"ent 5ammy appro!e" reWuest% +HAG *eWuest% +HAY reWuires an e;ecuti!e meeting[
$o anda (Co
Definicija
and)
#nkaps%lira &a.te2 kao objekat :to o"o!%=%je para"etri&acij% klijenta ra&li-iti" &a.te2i"aD ni&o2i"a por%ka i o"o!%=a2a reali&acij% operacija na koji"a je "o!%=e i&2r:iti G%n oH operacij%.
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Co""and (Co""and) o Deklari:e interfejs &a i&2r:enje operacija ConcreteCo""and (CalculatorCo""and) o Defini:e 2e&% i&"eC% objekta klase ;ecei2er i akcije koja "% se %p%=%je o <"ple"etira G#8ec%teH "eto e po&i2aj%=i o !o2araj%=e operacije % klasi ;ecei2er Client (Co""andApp) o Kreira objekat klase ConcreteCo""an i posta2lja objekat koji =e pri.2atiti nje!o2e po&i2e (;ecei2er) Invo#er ($!er) o @raBi a "% ko"an a obra i &a.te2
Receiver (Calculator) o Ina kako a i&2r:a2a operacije koje s% po2e&ane sa &a.te2i"a

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je %potreb% obrasca Co""an koji -%2a &a.te2e kao objekte koji klijent% o"o!%=a2aj% i&2r:enje ili opo&i2anje &a.te2a.
// )omman" pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.)omman".Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { *ecei!er recei!er ' ne( *ecei!er#$; )omman" comman" ' ne( )oncrete)omman"#recei!er$; 2n!oker in!oker ' ne( 2n!oker#$; // 2nicira i i8!rBa!a koman"u in!oker.Set)omman"#comman"$; in!oker.:;ecute)omman"#$; )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)omman". abstract class )omman" { protecte" *ecei!er recei!er; // )onstructor public )omman"#*ecei!er recei!er$ { t4is.recei!er ' recei!er; public abstract !oi" :;ecute#$; // .)oncrete)omman". class )oncrete)omman" 1 )omman" { // )onstructor public )oncrete)omman"#*ecei!er recei!er$ 1 base#recei!er$
{ public o!erri"e !oi" :;ecute#$ { recei!er.Action#$; // .*ecei!er. class *ecei!er { public !oi" Action#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" *ecei!er.Action#$.$; // .2n!oker. class 2n!oker { pri!ate )omman" comman"; public !oi" Set)omman"#)omman" comman"$ { t4is.comman" ' comman"; public !oi" :;ecute)omman"#$ { comman".:;ecute#$; 28la8 )alle" *ecei!er.Action#$

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje obrazac (ommand upotrebljen za unapreenje jednostavnog kalkulatora, na taj nain to omoguuje neogranien broj ?undo@ i ?redo@ operacija. Obratite panju da je u jeziku () ?operator@ kljuna re, a da smo ga mi iskoristili kao promenljivu tako to smo ispred njega stavili znak BCB .
// )omman" pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.)omman".*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a
class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate user an" let 4er compute Nser user ' ne( Nser#$; user.)ompute#U7UK user.)ompute#U-UK user.)ompute#U_UK user.)ompute#U/UK // Nn"o I comman"s user.Nn"o#I$; // *e"o A comman"s user.*e"o#A$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)omman". abstract class )omman" { public abstract !oi" :;ecute#$; public abstract !oi" Nn:;ecute#$; // .)oncrete)omman". class )alculator)omman" 1 )omman" { c4ar boperator; int operan"; )alculator calculator; // )onstructor public )alculator)omman"#)alculator calculatorK c4ar boperatorK int operan"$ { t4is.calculator ' calculator; t4is.boperator ' boperator; t4is.operan" ' operan"; public c4ar Operator { set{ boperator ' !alue; public int Operan" { set{ operan" ' !alue; public o!erri"e !oi" :;ecute#$ { calculator.Operation#boperatorK operan"$; &HH$; GH$; &H$; +$;
public o!erri"e !oi" Nn:;ecute#$ { calculator.Operation#Nn"o#boperator$K operan"$; // /ri!ate 4elper function pri!ate c4ar Nn"o#c4ar boperator$ { c4ar un"o; s(itc4#boperator$ { case U7U1 un"o ' U-U; break; case U-U1 un"o ' U7U; break; case U_U1 un"o ' U/U; break; case U/U1 un"o ' U_U; break; "efault 1 un"o ' U U; break; return un"o; // .*ecei!er. class )alculator { pri!ate int curr ' H; public !oi" Operation#c4ar boperatorK int operan"$ { s(itc4#boperator$ { case U7U1 curr 7' operan"; break; case U-U1 curr -' operan"; break; case U_U1 curr _' operan"; break; case U/U1 curr /' operan"; break; )onsole.,rite3ine# .)urrent !alue ' {HKA- #follo(ing {&- {+-$.K currK boperatorK operan"$; // .2n!oker. class Nser { // 2nitiali8ers pri!ate )alculator calculator ' ne( )alculator#$; pri!ate Array3ist comman"s ' ne( Array3ist#$; pri!ate int current ' H; public !oi" *e"o#int le!els$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n---- *e"o {H- le!els .K le!els$; // /erform re"o operations for #int i ' H; i T le!els; i77$ { if #current T comman"s.)ount - &$ { )omman" comman" ' comman"sEcurrent77F as )omman"; comman".:;ecute#$; -
public !oi" Nn"o#int le!els$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n---- Nn"o {H- le!els .K le!els$; // /erform un"o operations for #int i ' H; i T le!els; i77$ { if #current Z H$ { )omman" comman" ' comman"sE--currentF as )omman"; comman".Nn:;ecute#$; public !oi" )ompute#c4ar boperatorK int operan"$ { // )reate comman" operation an" e;ecute it )omman" comman" ' ne( )alculator)omman"# calculatorK boperatorK operan"$; comman".:;ecute#$; // A"" comman" to un"o list comman"s.A""#comman"$; current77; 28la8 )urrent )urrent )urrent )urrent !alue !alue !alue !alue ' &HH #follo(ing 7 &HH$ ' GH #follo(ing - GH$ ' GHH #follo(ing _ &H$ ' +GH #follo(ing / +$ #follo(ing #follo(ing #follo(ing #follo(ing _ / 7 +$ &H$ GH$ &HH$
---- Nn"o I le!els )urrent !alue ' GHH )urrent !alue ' GH )urrent !alue ' &HH )urrent !alue ' H
---- *e"o A le!els )urrent !alue ' &HH #follo(ing 7 &HH$ )urrent !alue ' GH #follo(ing - GH$ )urrent !alue ' GHH #follo(ing _ &H$
+nterpretator (+nterpreter)
Definicija
5l%Bi a &a ati je&ikD efini:e repre&entacij% nje!o2e !ra"atike &aje no sa pra2ili"a interpretiranja re-enica.
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Ab!tract%xpre!!ion (%xpre!!ion) o Deklari:e interfejs &a i&2r:enje operacija &er"inal%xpre!!ion ( &hou!and%xpre!!ion, Hundred%xpre!!ion, &en%xpre!!ion, 'ne%xpre!!ion ) o <"ple"entira operacij% <nterpret koja je asocirana %& ter"inalne si"bole !ra"atike. o Ia s2aki ter"inalni si"bol potrebna je po je na instanca ter"inalno! si"bola i& re-enice. (onter"inal%xpre!!ion ( not u!ed ) o Po je na o2ak2a klasa je potrebna &a s2ako o pra2ila tipa ; ((J ;+;/...;n koje postoji % !ra"atici o Ao i ra-%na o instanca"a tipa Abstract#8pression &a s2aki o ;Ko2a (;+...;n. ) o <"ple"entira operacij% <nterpret &a neter"inalne si"bole % !ra"atici. <nterpretacija tipi-no &o2e sebe sa"% rek%r&i2no &a s2aki o ;Ko2a.
Context (Context) o 5a rBi !lobalne infor"acije potrebne interpretator% Client (InterpreterApp) o )ra i apstraktno sintaksno stablo koje pre sta2lja o reCen% re-enic% % je&ik% koji je efinisan !ra"atiko". Po"en%to sintaksno stablo je sa-injeno o instanca klasa >onter"inal#8pression i @er"inal#8pression. o Po&i2a operacij% <nterpret

92aj str%kt%rni pri"er pre sta2lja %potreb% obrasca <nterpreter &a re-enice (iska&e) kreirane na osno2% o reCene !ra"atike.
// 2nterpreter pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.2nterpreter.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { )onte;t conte;t ' ne( )onte;t#$; // Nsually a tree Array3ist list ' ne( Array3ist#$; // /opulate Uabstract synta; treeU list.A""#ne( 5erminal:;pression#$$; list.A""#ne( 6onterminal:;pression#$$; list.A""#ne( 5erminal:;pression#$$; list.A""#ne( 5erminal:;pression#$$; // 2nterpret foreac4 #Abstract:;pression e;p in list$ { e;p.2nterpret#conte;t$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)onte;t. class )onte;t { -
// .Abstract:;pression. abstract class Abstract:;pression { public abstract !oi" 2nterpret#)onte;t conte;t$; // .5erminal:;pression. class 5erminal:;pression 1 Abstract:;pression { public o!erri"e !oi" 2nterpret#)onte;t conte;t$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" 5erminal.2nterpret#$.$; // .6onterminal:;pression. class 6onterminal:;pression 1 Abstract:;pression { public o!erri"e !oi" 2nterpret#)onte;t conte;t$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" 6onterminal.2nterpret#$.$; 28la8 )alle" )alle" )alle" )alle" 5erminal.2nterpret#$ 6onterminal.2nterpret#$ 5erminal.2nterpret#$ 5erminal.2nterpret#$

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu obrasca 8nterpreter koji je upotrebljen za konverziju rimski' u arapske brojeva.
// 2nterpreter pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.2nterpreter.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { string roman ' .M)M<<@222.; )onte;t conte;t ' ne( )onte;t#roman$;
// 0uil" t4e Uparse treeU Array3ist tree ' ne( Array3ist#$; tree.A""#ne( 54ousan":;pression#$$; tree.A""#ne( 9un"re":;pression#$$; tree.A""#ne( 5en:;pression#$$; tree.A""#ne( One:;pression#$$; // 2nterpret foreac4 #:;pression e;p in tree$ { e;p.2nterpret#conte;t$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- ' {&-.K romanK conte;t.28la8$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .)onte;t. class )onte;t { pri!ate string input; pri!ate int 28la8; // )onstructor public )onte;t#string input$ { t4is.input ' input; // /roperties public string 2nput { get{ return input; set{ input ' !alue; public int 28la8 { get{ return 28la8; set{ 28la8 ' !alue; // .Abstract:;pression. abstract class :;pression { public !oi" 2nterpret#)onte;t conte;t$ { if #conte;t.2nput.3engt4 '' H$ return; if #conte;t.2nput.Starts,it4#6ine#$$$ { conte;t.28la8 7' #\ _ Multiplier#$$; conte;t.2nput ' conte;t.2nput.Substring#+$; else if #conte;t.2nput.Starts,it4#Four#$$$
{ conte;t.28la8 7' #I _ Multiplier#$$; conte;t.2nput ' conte;t.2nput.Substring#+$; else if #conte;t.2nput.Starts,it4#Fi!e#$$$ { conte;t.28la8 7' #G _ Multiplier#$$; conte;t.2nput ' conte;t.2nput.Substring#&$; (4ile #conte;t.2nput.Starts,it4#One#$$$ { conte;t.28la8 7' #& _ Multiplier#$$; conte;t.2nput ' conte;t.2nput.Substring#&$; public public public public public // 54ousan" c4ecks for t4e *oman 6umeral M // .5erminal:;pression. class 54ousan":;pression 1 :;pression { public o!erri"e string One#$ { return .M.; public o!erri"e string Four#${ return . .; public o!erri"e string Fi!e#${ return . .; public o!erri"e string 6ine#${ return . .; public o!erri"e int Multiplier#$ { return &HHH; // 9un"re" c4ecks )K )DK D or )M // .5erminal:;pression. class 9un"re":;pression 1 :;pression { public o!erri"e string One#$ { return .).; public o!erri"e string Four#${ return .)D.; public o!erri"e string Fi!e#${ return .D.; public o!erri"e string 6ine#${ return .)M.; public o!erri"e int Multiplier#$ { return &HH; // 5en c4ecks for <K <3K 3 an" <) // .5erminal:;pression. class 5en:;pression 1 :;pression { public o!erri"e string One#$ { return .<.; public o!erri"e string Four#${ return .<3.; public o!erri"e string Fi!e#${ return .3.; public o!erri"e string 6ine#${ return .<).; public o!erri"e int Multiplier#$ { return &H; // One c4ecks for 2K 22K 222K 2@K @K @2K @2K @22K @222K 2< // .5erminal:;pression. abstract abstract abstract abstract abstract string One#$; string Four#$; string Fi!e#$; string 6ine#$; int Multiplier#$;
class One:;pression 1 :;pression { public o!erri"e string One#$ { return .2.; public o!erri"e string Four#${ return .2@.; public o!erri"e string Fi!e#${ return .@.; public o!erri"e string 6ine#${ return .2<.; public o!erri"e int Multiplier#$ { return &; 28la8 M)M<<@222 ' &\+M
Broja (+terator)
Definicija
9be&beC%je sek2encijalni prist%p ele"enti"a objekta nastalo! a!re!acijo" (Gni&olikiH objekat) be& potrebe &a prist%panje" nje!o2oj st2arnoj repre&entaciji.
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Iterator (Ab!tractIterator) o Defini:e interfejs &a prist%panje ele"enti"a i kretanje o je no! o r%!o! ConcreteIterator (Iterator) o <"ple"entira interfejs klase <terator o Ao i ra-%na o po&iciji tek%=e! ele"enta % a!re!aciji (ni&%) A))re)ate (Ab!tractCollection) o Defini:e interfejs &a kreiranje objekata klase <terator ConcreteA))re)ate (Collection) o <"ple"etira interfejs &a kreiranje <terator objekata i 2ra=a reference na o !o2araj%=e Concrete<terator objekte

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je %potreb% obrasca <terator koji o"o!%=%je prist%panje ra&li-iti" ele"enti"a kolekcije be& 2oCenja ra-%na o njenoj %n%tra:njoj str%kt%ri.
// 2terator pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.2terator.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { )oncreteAggregate a ' ne( )oncreteAggregate#$; aEHF ' .2tem A.; aE&F ' .2tem 0.; aE+F ' .2tem ).; aEAF ' .2tem D.; // )reate 2terator an" pro!i"e aggregate )oncrete2terator i ' ne( )oncrete2terator#a$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.2terating o!er collection1.$; ob ect item ' i.First#$; (4ile #item [' null$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#item$; item ' i.6e;t#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Aggregate. abstract class Aggregate { public abstract 2terator )reate2terator#$; // .)oncreteAggregate. class )oncreteAggregate 1 Aggregate { pri!ate Array3ist items ' ne( Array3ist#$; public o!erri"e 2terator )reate2terator#$ { return ne( )oncrete2terator#t4is$; -
// /roperty public int )ount { get{ return items.)ount; // 2n"e;er public ob ect t4isEint in"e;F { get{ return itemsEin"e;F; set{ items.2nsert#in"e;K !alue$; // .2terator. abstract { public public public public class 2terator abstract abstract abstract abstract ob ect First#$; ob ect 6e;t#$; bool 2sDone#$; ob ect )urrent2tem#$;
// .)oncrete2terator. class )oncrete2terator 1 2terator { pri!ate )oncreteAggregate aggregate; pri!ate int current ' H; // )onstructor public )oncrete2terator#)oncreteAggregate aggregate$ { t4is.aggregate ' aggregate; public o!erri"e ob ect First#$ { return aggregateEHF; public o!erri"e ob ect 6e;t#$ { ob ect ret ' null; if #current T aggregate.)ount - &$ { ret ' aggregateE77currentF; return ret; public o!erri"e ob ect )urrent2tem#$ { return aggregateEcurrentF; public o!erri"e bool 2sDone#$ { return current Z' aggregate.)ount R true 1 false ; -
28la8 2terating o!er collection1 2tem A 2tem 0 2tem ) 2tem D

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu obrasca 8terator koji slui za prolaenje kroz lanove kolekcije tako to preskae odgovarajui broj njeni' lanova u svakom prolazu.
// 2terator pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.2terator.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // 0uil" a collection )ollection collection ' ne( )ollection#$; collectionEHF ' ne( 2tem#.2tem H.$; collectionE&F ' ne( 2tem#.2tem &.$; collectionE+F ' ne( 2tem#.2tem +.$; collectionEAF ' ne( 2tem#.2tem A.$; collectionEIF ' ne( 2tem#.2tem I.$; collectionEGF ' ne( 2tem#.2tem G.$; collectionEYF ' ne( 2tem#.2tem Y.$; collectionEXF ' ne( 2tem#.2tem X.$; collectionEMF ' ne( 2tem#.2tem M.$; // )reate iterator 2terator iterator ' ne( 2terator#collection$; // Skip e!ery ot4er item iterator.Step ' +; )onsole.,rite3ine#.2terating o!er collection1.$; for#2tem item ' iterator.First#$; [iterator.2sDone; item ' iterator.6e;t#$$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#item.6ame$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; -
class 2tem { string name; // )onstructor public 2tem#string name$ { t4is.name ' name; // /roperty public string 6ame { get{ return name; // .Aggregate. interface 2Abstract)ollection { 2terator )reate2terator#$; // .)oncreteAggregate. class )ollection 1 2Abstract)ollection { pri!ate Array3ist items ' ne( Array3ist#$; public 2terator )reate2terator#$ { return ne( 2terator#t4is$; // /roperty public int )ount { get{ return items.)ount; // 2n"e;er public ob ect t4isEint in"e;F { get{ return itemsEin"e;F; set{ items.A""#!alue$; // .2terator. interface 2Abstract2terator { 2tem First#$; 2tem 6e;t#$; bool 2sDone{ get; 2tem )urrent2tem{ get; // .)oncrete2terator.
class 2terator 1 2Abstract2terator { pri!ate )ollection collection; pri!ate int current ' H; pri!ate int step ' &; // )onstructor public 2terator#)ollection collection$ { t4is.collection ' collection; public 2tem First#$ { current ' H; return collectionEcurrentF as 2tem; public 2tem 6e;t#$ { current 7' step; if #[2sDone$ return collectionEcurrentF as 2tem; else return null; // /roperties public int Step { get{ return step; set{ step ' !alue; public 2tem )urrent2tem { get { return collectionEcurrentF as 2tem; public bool 2sDone { get { return current Z' collection.)ount R true 1 false; 28la8 2terating o!er collection1 2tem H 2tem + 2tem I 2tem Y 2tem M
Posrednik (!ediator)
Definicija
Defini:e objekat koji enkaps%lira na-in &a interakcij% i&"eC% sk%pa objekata. 9bra&ac Me iator o-%2a2a slab% 2e&% 2o e=i ra-%na o to"e a objekti i& po"en%to! sk%pa eksplicitno ne pa"te reference je ni na r%!e. @akoCeD o2aj obra&ac o&2olja2a objekti"a sk%pa a ne&a2isno "enjaj% "eC%sobne 2e&e po koji"a intera!%j%.
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Mediator (IChatroo") o Defini:e interfejs &a ko"%nikacij% "eC% objekti"a klase Collea!%e ConcreteMediator (Chatroo") o <"ple"entira "e.ani&"e kooperati2no! pona:anja i koorini:e objekte klase Collea!%e Collea)ue cla!!e! (Participant) o 52aka Collea!%e klasa &na s2oj Me iator objekat o 52aka instanca klase Collea!%e ko"%nicira sa"o sa s2oji" posre niko" be& ob&ira a li ko"%nicira sa r%!i" instanca"a klase Collea!%e ili ne

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je obra&ac Me iator kao centralni ele"enta kro& koji se oba2ljaj% s2e ko"%nikacije "eC% objekti"a.
// Me"iator pattern -- Strukturni primer using System;
using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Me"iator.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { )oncreteMe"iator m ' ne( )oncreteMe"iator#$; )oncrete)olleague& c& ' ne( )oncrete)olleague&#m$; )oncrete)olleague+ c+ ' ne( )oncrete)olleague+#m$; m.)olleague& ' c&; m.)olleague+ ' c+; c&.Sen"#.9o( are youR.$; c+.Sen"#.FineK t4anks.$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Me"iator. abstract class Me"iator { public abstract !oi" Sen"#string messageK )olleague colleague$; // .)oncreteMe"iator. class )oncreteMe"iator 1 Me"iator { pri!ate )oncrete)olleague& colleague&; pri!ate )oncrete)olleague+ colleague+; public )oncrete)olleague& )olleague& { set{ colleague& ' !alue; public )oncrete)olleague+ )olleague+ { set{ colleague+ ' !alue; public o!erri"e !oi" Sen"#string messageK )olleague colleague$ { if #colleague '' colleague&$ { colleague+.6otify#message$; else { colleague&.6otify#message$; -
// .)olleague. abstract class )olleague { protecte" Me"iator me"iator; // )onstructor public )olleague#Me"iator me"iator$ { t4is.me"iator ' me"iator; // .)oncrete)olleague&. class )oncrete)olleague& 1 )olleague { // )onstructor public )oncrete)olleague&#Me"iator me"iator$ 1 base#me"iator$ { public !oi" Sen"#string message$ { me"iator.Sen"#messageK t4is$; public !oi" 6otify#string message$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)olleague& gets message1 . 7 message$; // .)oncrete)olleague+. class )oncrete)olleague+ 1 )olleague { // )onstructor public )oncrete)olleague+#Me"iator me"iator$ 1 base#me"iator$ { public !oi" Sen"#string message$ { me"iator.Sen"#messageK t4is$; public !oi" 6otify#string message$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)olleague+ gets message1 . 7 message$; 28la8 )olleague+ gets message1 9o( are youR
)olleague& gets message1 FineK t4anks

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje kako obrazac -ediator obezbeuje slabo povezanu komunikaciju svi' instanci klase 1lements koje su registrovane u okviru jedne instance klase ('atroom. ('atroom je centralno mesto kroz koje tee svaka vrsta komunikacije. Ovde je implementirana samo jedan : jedan komunikacija, ali je trivijalno prepraviti ('atroom da obezbeuje komunikaciju vie : vie.
// Me"iator pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Me"iator.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate c4atroom )4atroom c4atroom ' ne( )4atroom#$; // )reate :lementi an" register t4em /articipant George ' ne( 0eatle#.George.$; /articipant /aul ' ne( 0eatle#./aul.$; /articipant *ingo ' ne( 0eatle#.*ingo.$; /articipant Vo4n ' ne( 0eatle#.Vo4n.$ ; /articipant =oko ' ne( 6on0eatle#.=oko.$; c4atroom.*egister#George$; c4atroom.*egister#/aul$; c4atroom.*egister#*ingo$; c4atroom.*egister#Vo4n$; c4atroom.*egister#=oko$; // )4atting :lementi =oko.Sen" #.Vo4n.K .9i Vo4n[.$; /aul.Sen" #.*ingo.K .All you nee" is lo!e.$; *ingo.Sen"#.George.K .My s(eet 3or".$; /aul.Sen" #.Vo4n.K .)anUt buy me lo!e.$; Vo4n.Sen" #.=oko.K .My s(eet lo!e.$ ; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Me"iator. abstract class Abstract)4atroom { public abstract !oi" *egister#/articipant participant$;
public abstract !oi" Sen"# string fromK string toK string message$; // .)oncreteMe"iator. class )4atroom 1 Abstract)4atroom { pri!ate 9as4table :lementi ' ne( 9as4table#$; public o!erri"e !oi" *egister#/articipant participant$ { if #:lementiEparticipant.6ameF '' null$ { :lementiEparticipant.6ameF ' participant; participant.)4atroom ' t4is; public o!erri"e !oi" Sen"# string fromK string toK string message$ { /articipant pto ' #/articipant$:lementiEtoF; if #pto [' null$ { pto.*ecei!e#fromK message$; // .Abstract)olleague. class /articipant { pri!ate )4atroom c4atroom; pri!ate string name; // )onstructor public /articipant#string name$ { t4is.name ' name; // /roperties public string 6ame { get{ return name; public )4atroom )4atroom { set{ c4atroom ' !alue; get{ return c4atroom; public !oi" Sen"#string toK string message$ { c4atroom.Sen"#nameK toK message$; public !irtual !oi" *ecei!e# string fromK string message$
{ )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- to {&-1 U{+-U.K fromK 6ameK message$; //. )oncrete)olleague&. class 0eatle 1 /articipant { // )onstructor public 0eatle#string name$ 1 base#name$ { public o!erri"e !oi" *ecei!e#string fromK string message$ { )onsole.,rite#.5o a 0eatle1 .$; base.*ecei!e#fromK message$; //. )oncrete)olleague+. class 6on0eatle 1 /articipant { // )onstructor public 6on0eatle#string name$ 1 base#name$ { public o!erri"e !oi" *ecei!e#string fromK string message$ { )onsole.,rite#.5o a non-0eatle1 .$; base.*ecei!e#fromK message$; 28la8 5o a 0eatle1 =oko to Vo4n1 U9i Vo4n[U 5o a 0eatle1 /aul to *ingo1 UAll you nee" is lo!eU 5o a 0eatle1 *ingo to George1 UMy s(eet 3or"U 5o a 0eatle1 /aul to Vo4n1 U)anUt buy me lo!eU 5o a non-0eatle1 Vo4n to =oko1 UMy s(eet lo!eU
Podse,anje (!e ento)

Definicija
*e& nar%:a2anja enkaps%lacijeD .2ata i -%2a interno stanje objekta kako bi oni kasnije "o!li biti 2ra=eni % sa-%2ano stanje.
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Me"ento (Me"ento) o L%2a interno stanje objekta klase 9ri!inator. Me"ento treba a sa-%2a o2oljno po ataka o stanj% objekta 9ri!inator kako bi o"o!%=io nje!o2% kasnij% resta%racij%. o L%2a objekte klase 9ri!inator o neBeljeno! "enjanja. Me"ento &apra2o i"a 2a interfejsaD je an pre"a klasi Caretaker i je an pre"a klasi 9ri!inator. Klasa Caretaker 2i i %&an interfejs pre"a objekt% klase Me"ento M ona &apra2o sa"o "oBe a prosle i je an Me"ento objekat r%!i" objekti"a. 5 r%!e straneD 9ri!inator 2i i :irok interfejs koji "% o"o!%=%je a posta2i 2re nosti s2i. neop.o ni. polja koja =e "% o"o!%=iti kasnij% resta%racij%. U i ealno" sl%-aj% sa"o =e 9ri!inator koji je kreirao Me"ento "o=i a prist%pi "e"ento2o" %n%tra:nje" stanj%. 'ri)inator (Sale!Pro!pect) o Kreira Me"ento koji sa rBi sni"ak nje!o2o! tren%tno! stanja o Koristi Me"ento a rest%rira s2oje %n%tra:nje stanje Careta#er (Careta#er) o Ne o !o2aoran &a Me"ento2o %spe:no -%2anje
>ika a ne ispit%je niti ot2ara sa rBaj Me"ento objekta

92aj str%kt%rni ko e"onstrira obra&ac Me"ento koji sl%Bi a pri2re"eno sni"i i oBi2i stanja r%!i. objekata.
// Memento pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Memento.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { Originator o ' ne( Originator#$; o.State ' .On.; // Store internal state )aretaker c ' ne( )aretaker#$; c.Memento ' o.)reateMemento#$; // )ontinue c4anging originator o.State ' .Off.; // *estore sa!e" state o.SetMemento#c.Memento$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Originator. class Originator { pri!ate string state; // /roperty public string State { get{ return state; set { state ' !alue; )onsole.,rite3ine#.State ' . 7 state$; public Memento )reateMemento#$ { return #ne( Memento#state$$; -
public !oi" SetMemento#Memento memento$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.*estoring state1.$; State ' memento.State; // .Memento. class Memento { pri!ate string state; // )onstructor public Memento#string state$ { t4is.state ' state; // /roperty public string State { get{ return state; // .)aretaker. class )aretaker { pri!ate Memento memento; // /roperty public Memento Memento { set{ memento ' !alue; get{ return memento; 28la8 State ' On State ' Off *estoring state1 State ' On

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta demonstrira primenu obrasca -emento koji privremeno snima i pamti stanja objekata klase 0alesProspect.
// Memento pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System;
namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Memento.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { Sales/rospect s ' ne( Sales/rospect#$; s.6ame ' .6oel !an 9alen.; s./4one ' .#I&+$ +GY-H\\H.; s.0u"get ' +GHHH.H; // Store internal state /rospectMemory m ' ne( /rospectMemory#$; m.Memento ' s.Sa!eMemento#$; // )ontinue c4anging originator s.6ame ' .3eo ,elc4.; s./4one ' .#A&H$ +H\-X&&&.; s.0u"get ' &HHHHHH.H; // *estore sa!e" state s.*estoreMemento#m.Memento$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Originator. class Sales/rospect { pri!ate string name; pri!ate string p4one; pri!ate "ouble bu"get; // /roperties public string 6ame { get{ return name; set { name ' !alue; )onsole.,rite3ine#.6ame1 . 7 name$; public string /4one { get{ return p4one; set { p4one ' !alue; )onsole.,rite3ine#./4one1 . 7 p4one$; public "ouble 0u"get { get{ return bu"get; -
set { bu"get ' !alue; )onsole.,rite3ine#.0u"get1 . 7 bu"get$; public Memento Sa!eMemento#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>nSa!ing state -->n.$; return ne( Memento#nameK p4oneK bu"get$; public !oi" *estoreMemento#Memento memento$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.>n*estoring state -->n.$; t4is.6ame ' memento.6ame; t4is./4one ' memento./4one; t4is.0u"get ' memento.0u"get; // .Memento. class Memento { pri!ate string name; pri!ate string p4one; pri!ate "ouble bu"get; // )onstructor public Memento#string nameK string p4oneK "ouble bu"get$ { t4is.name ' name; t4is.p4one ' p4one; t4is.bu"get ' bu"get; // /roperties public string 6ame { get{ return name; set{ name ' !alue; public string /4one { get{ return p4one; set{ p4one ' !alue; public "ouble 0u"get { get{ return bu"get; set{ bu"get ' !alue; // .)aretaker. class /rospectMemory { pri!ate Memento memento;
// /roperty public Memento Memento { set{ memento ' !alue; get{ return memento; 28la8 6ame1 6oel !an 9alen /4one1 #I&+$ +GY-H\\H 0u"get1 +GHHH Sa!ing state -6ame1 3eo ,elc4 /4one1 #A&H$ +H\-X&&& 0u"get1 &HHHHHH *estoring state -6ame1 6oel !an 9alen /4one1 #I&+$ +GY-H\\H 0u"get1 +GHHH
-ad%ornik (.bserver)
Definicija
Defini:e &a2isnosti tipa je anK2i:e "eC% ra&li-iti" objekti"a i obe&beC%je a se pro"ena stanja % je no" objekt% a%to"atski reflekt%je % s2i" &a2isni" objekti"a.
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Subject (Stoc#) o -%2a referenc% pre"a s2o" na &ornik%. Ne an objekat "oBe a i"a i 2i:e 9bser2er objekata. o obe&beC%je interfejs &a o a2anje i %klanjanje 9bser2er objekata. ConcreteSubject (I*M) o -%2a stanje koje =e biti o interesa Concrete9bser2er objekti"a o :alje notifikacij% s2oji" na &ornici"a ka a pro"eni stanje 'b!erver (IInve!tor) o efini:e interfejs &a aB%riranje objekata nakon :to se % objekti"a klase 5%bject esi pro"ena Concrete'b!erver (Inve!tor) o -%2a referenc% na Concrete5%bject objekte o -%2a stanje koje treba a ostane kon&istentno sa stanje" ro iteljske klase
i"ple"entira interfejs &a aB%riranje objekata koji je efinisan % klasi 9bser2er.

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je %potreb% obrasca 9bser2er ! e se re!istro2ani objekti o&na-a2aj% a &ati" i aB%riraj% ka a se pro"eni stanje.
// Obser!er pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Obser!er.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // )onfigure Obser!er pattern )oncreteSub ect s ' ne( )oncreteSub ect#$; s.Attac4#ne( )oncreteObser!er#sK.<.$$; s.Attac4#ne( )oncreteObser!er#sK.=.$$; s.Attac4#ne( )oncreteObser!er#sK.^.$$; // )4ange sub ect an" notify obser!ers s.Sub ectState ' .A0).; s.6otify#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Sub ect. abstract class Sub ect { pri!ate Array3ist obser!ers ' ne( Array3ist#$; public !oi" Attac4#Obser!er obser!er$ { obser!ers.A""#obser!er$; public !oi" Detac4#Obser!er obser!er$ { obser!ers.*emo!e#obser!er$; public !oi" 6otify#$ {
foreac4 #Obser!er o in obser!ers$ { o.Np"ate#$; // .)oncreteSub ect. class )oncreteSub ect 1 Sub ect { pri!ate string sub ectState; // /roperty public string Sub ectState { get{ return sub ectState; set{ sub ectState ' !alue; // .Obser!er. abstract class Obser!er { public abstract !oi" Np"ate#$; // .)oncreteObser!er. class )oncreteObser!er 1 Obser!er { pri!ate string name; pri!ate string obser!erState; pri!ate )oncreteSub ect sub ect; // )onstructor public )oncreteObser!er# )oncreteSub ect sub ectK string name$ { t4is.sub ect ' sub ect; t4is.name ' name; public o!erri"e !oi" Np"ate#$ { obser!erState ' sub ect.Sub ectState; )onsole.,rite3ine#.Obser!er {H-Us ne( state is {&-.K nameK obser!erState$; // /roperty public )oncreteSub ect Sub ect { get { return sub ect; set { sub ect ' !alue; 28la8 Obser!er <Us ne( state is A0) Obser!er =Us ne( state is A0)
Obser!er Ûs ne( state is A0)

92aj pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta prika&%je obra&ac 9bser2er % ko"e se re!istro2ani in2estitori se oba2e:ta2aj% s2aki p%t ka a akcije pro"ene s2oje 2re nosti.
// Obser!er pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Obser!er.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // )reate in!estors 2n!estor s ' ne( 2n!estor#.Sorros.$; 2n!estor b ' ne( 2n!estor#.0erks4ire.$; // )reate 20M stock an" attac4 in!estors 20M ibm ' ne( 20M#.20M.K &+H.HH$; ibm.Attac4#s$; ibm.Attac4#b$; // )4ange ibm./rice ibm./rice ibm./rice ibm./rice priceK (4ic4 notifies in!estors ' &+H.&H; ' &+&.HH; ' &+H.GH; ' &+H.XG;
// ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Sub ect. abstract class Stock { protecte" string symbol; protecte" "ouble price; pri!ate Array3ist in!estors ' ne( Array3ist#$; // )onstructor public Stock#string symbolK "ouble price$ { t4is.symbol ' symbol; t4is.price ' price;
public !oi" Attac4#2n!estor in!estor$ { in!estors.A""#in!estor$; public !oi" Detac4#2n!estor in!estor$ { in!estors.*emo!e#in!estor$; public !oi" 6otify#$ { foreac4 #2n!estor in!estor in in!estors$ { in!estor.Np"ate#t4is$; )onsole.,rite3ine#..$; // /roperties public "ouble /rice { get{ return price; set { price ' !alue; 6otify#$; public string Symbol { get{ return symbol; set{ symbol ' !alue; // .)oncreteSub ect. class 20M 1 Stock { // )onstructor public 20M#string symbolK "ouble price$ 1 base#symbolK price$ { // .Obser!er. interface 22n!estor { !oi" Np"ate#Stock stock$; // .)oncreteObser!er. class 2n!estor 1 22n!estor { pri!ate string name; pri!ate Stock stock;
// )onstructor public 2n!estor#string name$ { t4is.name ' name; public !oi" Np"ate#Stock stock$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.6otifie" {H- of {&-Us . 7 .c4ange to {+1)-.K nameK stock.SymbolK stock./rice$; // /roperty public Stock Stock { get{ return stock; set{ stock ' !alue; 28la8 6otifie" Sorros of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+H.&H 6otifie" 0erks4ire of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+H.&H 6otifie" Sorros of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+&.HH 6otifie" 0erks4ire of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+&.HH 6otifie" Sorros of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+H.GH 6otifie" 0erks4ire of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+H.GH 6otifie" Sorros of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+H.XG 6otifie" 0erks4ire of 20MUs c4ange to ]&+H.XG
Stanje (State)
Definicija
Do&2olja2a a objekat pro"eni pona:anje ka a se nje!o2o interno stanje pro"eni.
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Context (Account) o efini:e interfejs koji je potreban klijent% o 2o i ra-%na o instanci klase Concrete5tate koja efini:e tren%tno stanje State (State) o efini:e interfejs &a enkaps%lacij% pona:anja koje je asocirano sa o reCeni" stanje" klase Conte8t. Concrete State (RedState, SilverState, +oldState) o s2aka po klasa i"ple"entira pona:anje koje je asocirano sa o !o2araj%=i" stanji"a klase Conte8t

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je %potreb% obrasca 5tate koji o&2olja2a objekt% a se pona:a r%!a-ije % &a2isnosti o s2o! interno! stanja. ;a&lika % pona:anj% je ele!irana objekt% koji pre sta2lja o !o2araj%=e stanje.
// State pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.State.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // Setup conte;t in a state )onte;t c ' ne( )onte;t#ne( )oncreteStateA#$$; // 2ssue reWuestsK (4ic4 toggles state c.*eWuest#$; c.*eWuest#$; c.*eWuest#$; c.*eWuest#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .State. abstract class State { public abstract !oi" 9an"le#)onte;t conte;t$; // .)oncreteStateA. class )oncreteStateA 1 State { public o!erri"e !oi" 9an"le#)onte;t conte;t$ { conte;t.State ' ne( )oncreteState0#$; // .)oncreteState0. class )oncreteState0 1 State { public o!erri"e !oi" 9an"le#)onte;t conte;t$ { conte;t.State ' ne( )oncreteStateA#$; // .)onte;t. class )onte;t { pri!ate State state; // )onstructor public )onte;t#State state$ {
t4is.State ' state; // /roperty public State State { get{ return state; set { state ' !alue; )onsole.,rite3ine#.State1 . 7 state.Get5ype#$.6ame$; public !oi" *eWuest#$ { state.9an"le#t4is$; 28la8 State1 State1 State1 State1 State1 )oncreteStateA )oncreteState0 )oncreteStateA )oncreteState0 )oncreteStateA

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu obrasca 0tate koji dozvoljava da se objekat klase *ccount !.aun$ ponaa drugaije u zavisnosti od koliine raspoloivi' sredstava. .azlika u ponaanju je delegirana kroz objekte .ed0tate, 0ilver0tate i "old0tate. Ova stanja opisuju raun koji je minusu, tek otvoreni raun i raun sa ?dobrom istorijom@ sukcesivno.
// State pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.State.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // Open a ne( account Account account ' ne( Account#.Vim Vo4nson.$; // Apply financial transactions account.Deposit#GHH.H$; account.Deposit#AHH.H$; account.Deposit#GGH.H$; account./ay2nterest#$;
account.,it4"ra(#+HHH.HH$; account.,it4"ra(#&&HH.HH$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .State. abstract class State { protecte" Account account; protecte" "ouble balance; protecte" "ouble interest; protecte" "ouble lo(er3imit; protecte" "ouble upper3imit; // /roperties public Account Account { get{ return account; set{ account ' !alue; public "ouble 0alance { get{ return balance; set{ balance ' !alue; public abstract !oi" Deposit#"ouble amount$; public abstract !oi" ,it4"ra(#"ouble amount$; public abstract !oi" /ay2nterest#$; // .)oncreteState. // Account is o!er"ra(n class *e"State 1 State { "ouble ser!iceFee; // )onstructor public *e"State#State state$ { t4is.balance ' state.0alance; t4is.account ' state.Account; 2nitiali8e#$; pri!ate !oi" 2nitiali8e#$ { // S4oul" come from a "atasource interest ' H.H; lo(er3imit ' -&HH.H; upper3imit ' H.H; ser!iceFee ' &G.HH; public o!erri"e !oi" Deposit#"ouble amount$
{ balance 7' amount; State)4ange)4eck#$; public o!erri"e !oi" ,it4"ra(#"ouble amount$ { amount ' amount - ser!iceFee; )onsole.,rite3ine#.6o fun"s a!ailable for (it4"ra(al[.$; public o!erri"e !oi" /ay2nterest#$ { // 6o interest is pai" pri!ate !oi" State)4ange)4eck#$ { if #balance Z upper3imit$ { account.State ' ne( Sil!erState#t4is$; // .)oncreteState. // Sil!er is non-interest bearing state class Sil!erState 1 State { // O!erloa"e" constructors public Sil!erState#State state$ 1 t4is# state.0alanceK state.Account$ { public Sil!erState#"ouble balanceK Account account$ { t4is.balance ' balance; t4is.account ' account; 2nitiali8e#$; pri!ate !oi" 2nitiali8e#$ { // S4oul" come from a "atasource interest ' H.H; lo(er3imit ' H.H; upper3imit ' &HHH.H; public o!erri"e !oi" Deposit#"ouble amount$ { balance 7' amount; State)4ange)4eck#$; public o!erri"e !oi" ,it4"ra(#"ouble amount$ { balance -' amount; State)4ange)4eck#$;
public o!erri"e !oi" /ay2nterest#$ { balance 7' interest _ balance; State)4ange)4eck#$; pri!ate !oi" State)4ange)4eck#$ { if #balance T lo(er3imit$ { account.State ' ne( *e"State#t4is$; else if #balance Z upper3imit$ { account.State ' ne( Gol"State#t4is$; // .)oncreteState. // 2nterest bearing state class Gol"State 1 State { // O!erloa"e" constructors public Gol"State#State state$ 1 t4is#state.0alanceKstate.Account$ { public Gol"State#"ouble balanceK Account account$ { t4is.balance ' balance; t4is.account ' account; 2nitiali8e#$; pri!ate !oi" 2nitiali8e#$ { // S4oul" come from a "atabase interest ' H.HG; lo(er3imit ' &HHH.H; upper3imit ' &HHHHHHH.H; public o!erri"e !oi" Deposit#"ouble amount$ { balance 7' amount; State)4ange)4eck#$; public o!erri"e !oi" ,it4"ra(#"ouble amount$ { balance -' amount; State)4ange)4eck#$; public o!erri"e !oi" /ay2nterest#$ { balance 7' interest _ balance;
State)4ange)4eck#$; pri!ate !oi" State)4ange)4eck#$ { if #balance T H.H$ { account.State ' ne( *e"State#t4is$; else if #balance T lo(er3imit$ { account.State ' ne( Sil!erState#t4is$; // .)onte;t. class Account { pri!ate State state; pri!ate string o(ner; // )onstructor public Account#string o(ner$ { // 6e( accounts are USil!erU by "efault t4is.o(ner ' o(ner; state ' ne( Sil!erState#H.HK t4is$; // /roperties public "ouble 0alance { get{ return state.0alance; public State State { get{ return state; set{ state ' !alue; public !oi" Deposit#"ouble amount$ { state.Deposit#amount$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.Deposite" {H1)- --- .K amount$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. 0alance ' {H1)-.K t4is.0alance$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. Status ' {H->n. K t4is.State.Get5ype#$.6ame$; )onsole.,rite3ine#..$; public !oi" ,it4"ra(#"ouble amount$ { state.,it4"ra(#amount$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.,it4"re( {H1)- --- .K amount$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. 0alance ' {H1)-.K t4is.0alance$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. Status ' {H->n. K t4is.State.Get5ype#$.6ame$; public !oi" /ay2nterest#$
{ state./ay2nterest#$; )onsole.,rite3ine#.2nterest /ai" --- .$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. 0alance ' {H1)-.K t4is.0alance$; )onsole.,rite3ine#. Status ' {H->n. K t4is.State.Get5ype#$.6ame$; 28la8 Deposite" ]GHH.HH --0alance ' ]GHH.HH Status ' Sil!erState Deposite" ]AHH.HH --0alance ' ]MHH.HH Status ' Sil!erState Deposite" ]GGH.HH --0alance ' ]&KAGH.HH Status ' Gol"State 2nterest /ai" --0alance ' ]&KI&X.GH Status ' Gol"State ,it4"re( ]+KHHH.HH --0alance ' #]GM+.GH$ Status ' *e"State 6o fun"s a!ailable for (it4"ra(al[ ,it4"re( ]&K&HH.HH --0alance ' #]GM+.GH$ Status ' *e"State
Strate#ija (Strate#y)
Definicija
Defini:e fa"ilij% al!orita"aD enkaps%lira s2aki o nji.D i -ini i. "eC%sobno ost%pni". 5trate!ija o&2olja2a al!orit"% "oBe biti pro"enlji2 ne&a2isno o klijenata koji !a koriste.
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Strate)y (SortStrate)y) o eklari:e &aje ni-ki interfejs &a s2e po rBane al!orit"e. 9bjekti klase kontekst koriste o2aj interfejs a po&o2% al!orit"e efinisane Concrete5trate!y fa"ilijo" klasa. ConcreteStrate)y (,uic#Sort, ShellSort, Mer)eSort) o i"ple"entira al!orita" koriste=i interfejs klase 5trate!y Context (Sorted-i!t) o konfi!%ri:e se po"o=% Concrete5trate!y objekata o -%2a referenc% na objekat klase 5trate!y o "oBe a efini:e interfejs koji objekt% klase 5trate!y o&2olja2a prist%p po aci"a

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je %potreb% obrasca 5trate!y koji enkaps%lira f%nkcionalnosti % for"i objekta. 92o klijent% o"o!%=a2a a ina"i-ki "enja strate!ij% pri"ene al!orita"a.
// Strategy pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Strategy.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { )onte;t conte;t; // 54ree conte;ts follo(ing "ifferent strategies conte;t ' ne( )onte;t#ne( )oncreteStrategyA#$$; conte;t.)onte;t2nterface#$; conte;t ' ne( )onte;t#ne( )oncreteStrategy0#$$; conte;t.)onte;t2nterface#$; conte;t ' ne( )onte;t#ne( )oncreteStrategy)#$$; conte;t.)onte;t2nterface#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Strategy. abstract class Strategy { public abstract !oi" Algorit4m2nterface#$; // .)oncreteStrategyA. class )oncreteStrategyA 1 Strategy { public o!erri"e !oi" Algorit4m2nterface#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine# .)alle" )oncreteStrategyA.Algorit4m2nterface#$.$; // .)oncreteStrategy0. class )oncreteStrategy0 1 Strategy { public o!erri"e !oi" Algorit4m2nterface#$ {
)onsole.,rite3ine# .)alle" )oncreteStrategy0.Algorit4m2nterface#$.$; // .)oncreteStrategy). class )oncreteStrategy) 1 Strategy { public o!erri"e !oi" Algorit4m2nterface#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine# .)alle" )oncreteStrategy).Algorit4m2nterface#$.$; // .)onte;t. class )onte;t { Strategy strategy; // )onstructor public )onte;t#Strategy strategy$ { t4is.strategy ' strategy; public !oi" )onte;t2nterface#$ { strategy.Algorit4m2nterface#$; 28la8 )alle" )oncreteStrategyA.Algorit4m2nterface#$ )alle" )oncreteStrategy0.Algorit4m2nterface#$ )alle" )oncreteStrategy).Algorit4m2nterface#$

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu obrasca 0trateg7 koji enkapsulira razliite algoritme sortiranja u formi objekata. Ovo klijentu omoguava da dinamiki menja strategije sortiranja !ovde su podrani Duicksort, 0'ellsort i -ergesort$.
// Strategy pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Strategy.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp
{ static !oi" Main#$ { // 5(o conte;ts follo(ing "ifferent strategies Sorte"3ist stu"ent*ecor"s ' ne( Sorte"3ist#$; stu"ent*ecor"s.A""#.Samual.$; stu"ent*ecor"s.A""#.Vimmy.$; stu"ent*ecor"s.A""#.San"ra.$; stu"ent*ecor"s.A""#.@i!ek.$; stu"ent*ecor"s.A""#.Anna.$; stu"ent*ecor"s.SetSortStrategy#ne( cuickSort#$$; stu"ent*ecor"s.Sort#$; stu"ent*ecor"s.SetSortStrategy#ne( S4ellSort#$$; stu"ent*ecor"s.Sort#$; stu"ent*ecor"s.SetSortStrategy#ne( MergeSort#$$; stu"ent*ecor"s.Sort#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Strategy. abstract class SortStrategy { public abstract !oi" Sort#Array3ist list$; // .)oncreteStrategy. class cuickSort 1 SortStrategy { public o!erri"e !oi" Sort#Array3ist list$ { list.Sort#$; // Default is cuicksort )onsole.,rite3ine#.cuickSorte" list .$; // .)oncreteStrategy. class S4ellSort 1 SortStrategy { public o!erri"e !oi" Sort#Array3ist list$ { //list.S4ellSort#$; not-implemente" )onsole.,rite3ine#.S4ellSorte" list .$; // .)oncreteStrategy. class MergeSort 1 SortStrategy { public o!erri"e !oi" Sort#Array3ist list$ { //list.MergeSort#$; not-implemente" )onsole.,rite3ine#.MergeSorte" list .$;
// .)onte;t. class Sorte"3ist { pri!ate Array3ist list ' ne( Array3ist#$; pri!ate SortStrategy sortstrategy; public !oi" SetSortStrategy#SortStrategy sortstrategy$ { t4is.sortstrategy ' sortstrategy; public !oi" A""#string name$ { list.A""#name$; public !oi" Sort#$ { sortstrategy.Sort#list$; // Display results foreac4 #string name in list$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#. . 7 name$; )onsole.,rite3ine#$; 28la8 cuickSorte" list Anna Vimmy Samual San"ra @i!ek S4ellSorte" list Anna Vimmy Samual San"ra @i!ek MergeSorte" list Anna Vimmy Samual San"ra @i!ek
/ablonski
Definicija
etod (0e plate !ethod)
Defini:e osno2% al!orit"a % nekoj operaciji tako :to poje ine korake ra& 2aja % po klase. 92aj obra&ac o&2olja2a po klasa"a a pre efini:% o reCene korake % al!orit"% i to be& "enjanja str%kt%re al!orit"a.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
Ab!tractCla!! (Data'bject) o efini:e apstraktne pri"iti2ne operacije koje konkretne po klase koriste &a i"ple"entacij% al!orita"a o i"ple"entira :ablonski "eto efini:%=i skelet al!orit"a. ?ablonski "eto =e po&i2ati kako pri"iti2ne operacije tako i operacije efinisane % apstraktni" klasa"a r%!i. fa"ilija objekata. ConcreteCla!! (Cu!to"erData'bject) o i"ple"entira pri"iti2ne operacije i 2o i ra-%na o specifi-ni" koraci"a % al!orit"% koji %nose po klase.

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je obra&ac Template method koji obe&beC%je skelet po&i2a "eto a koje &aje no -ine al!orita". Ne an ili 2i:e koraka "o!% biti ra&li-iti % s2akoj o po klasa. Po klase =e i"ple"entirati te korake be& %ticaja na sek2enc% po&i2a koraka.
// 5emplate Met4o" pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.5emplate.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { Abstract)lass c; c ' ne( )oncrete)lassA#$; c.5emplateMet4o"#$; c ' ne( )oncrete)lass0#$; c.5emplateMet4o"#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Abstract)lass. abstract class Abstract)lass { public abstract !oi" /rimiti!eOperation&#$; public abstract !oi" /rimiti!eOperation+#$; // 54e .5emplate met4o". public !oi" 5emplateMet4o"#$ { /rimiti!eOperation&#$; /rimiti!eOperation+#$; )onsole.,rite3ine#..$; // .)oncrete)lass. class )oncrete)lassA 1 Abstract)lass { public o!erri"e !oi" /rimiti!eOperation&#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncrete)lassA./rimiti!eOperation&#$.$; public o!erri"e !oi" /rimiti!eOperation+#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncrete)lassA./rimiti!eOperation+#$.$; class )oncrete)lass0 1 Abstract)lass { public o!erri"e !oi" /rimiti!eOperation&#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncrete)lass0./rimiti!eOperation&#$.$;
public o!erri"e !oi" /rimiti!eOperation+#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)oncrete)lass0./rimiti!eOperation+#$.$; 28la8 )oncrete)lassA./rimiti!eOperation&#$ )oncrete)lassA./rimiti!eOperation+#$ )oncrete)lass0./rimiti!eOperation&#$ )oncrete)lass0./rimiti!eOperation+#$

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta pokazuje kako ablonski metod .un!$ obezbeuje sekvencu poziva razliiti' metoda. 8mplementacije ovi' metoda su u klasi (ustomer&ataObject. Ova podklasa implementira metode (onnect, 0elect, Process i &isconnect.
// 5emplate Met4o" pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.OleDb; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.5emplate.*eal,orl" { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { DataAccessOb ect "ao; "ao ' ne( )ategories#$; "ao.*un#$; "ao ' ne( /ro"ucts#$; "ao.*un#$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .Abstract)lass. abstract class DataAccessOb ect { protecte" string connectionString; protecte" DataSet "ataSet;
public !irtual !oi" )onnect#$ { // Make sure m"b is on c1> connectionString ' .pro!i"er'Microsoft.V:5.O3:D0.I.H; . 7 ."ata source'c1>>n(in".m"b.; public abstract !oi" Select#$; public abstract !oi" /rocess#$; public !irtual !oi" Disconnect#$ { connectionString ' ..; // 54e .5emplate Met4o". public !oi" *un#$ { )onnect#$; Select#$; /rocess#$; Disconnect#$; // .)oncrete)lass. class )ategories 1 DataAccessOb ect { public o!erri"e !oi" Select#$ { string sWl ' .select )ategory6ame from )ategories.; OleDbDataA"apter "ataA"apter ' ne( OleDbDataA"apter# sWlK connectionString$; "ataSet ' ne( DataSet#$; "ataA"apter.Fill#"ataSetK .)ategories.$; public o!erri"e !oi" /rocess#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)ategories ---- .$; Data5able "ata5able ' "ataSet.5ablesE.)ategories.F; foreac4 #Data*o( ro( in "ata5able.*o(s$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#ro(E.)ategory6ame.F$; )onsole.,rite3ine#$; class /ro"ucts 1 DataAccessOb ect { public o!erri"e !oi" Select#$ { string sWl ' .select /ro"uct6ame from /ro"ucts.; OleDbDataA"apter "ataA"apter ' ne( OleDbDataA"apter# sWlK connectionString$; "ataSet ' ne( DataSet#$;
"ataA"apter.Fill#"ataSetK ./ro"ucts.$; public o!erri"e !oi" /rocess#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#./ro"ucts ---- .$; Data5able "ata5able ' "ataSet.5ablesE./ro"ucts.F; foreac4 #Data*o( ro( in "ata5able.*o(s$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#ro(E./ro"uct6ame.F$; )onsole.,rite3ine#$; 28la8 )ategories ---0e!erages )on"iments )onfections Dairy /ro"ucts Grains/)ereals Meat//oultry /ro"uce Seafoo" /ro"ucts ---)4ai )4ang Anisee" Syrup )4ef AntonUs )a un Seasoning )4ef AntonUs Gumbo Mi; Gran"maUs 0oysenberry Sprea" Nncle 0obUs Organic Drie" /ears 6ort4(oo"s )ranberry Sauce Mis4i ?obe 6iku
Posetilac (1isitor)
Definicija
Pre sta2lja operacij% koja "oBe a b% e pri"enjena na objekti"a % o !o2araj%=oj str%kt%ri. 9bra&ac Aisitor o&2olja2a korisnik% a efini:e no2% operacij% be& potrebe a pro"eni klase objekata sa koji"a operi:e.
U ! Dijagra# klasa
$le#enti
i!itor ( i!itor)
eklari:e operacij% Aisit &a s2ak% klas% i& Concrete#le"ent fa"ilije. <"e operacije i njen GpotpisH i entifik%j% klas% koja je poslala &a.te2 Aisit posetioc%. 92o o"o!%=a2a posetioc% a je no&na-no o re i klas% objekta koji pose=%je. >akon to!a posetilac "oBe a prist%pa ele"enti"a irektno kro& ost%pni interfejs. Concrete i!itor (Inco"e i!itor, acation i!itor) o i"ple"entira s2ak% operacij% koj% eklari:e klasa Aisitor. 52aka operacija i"ple"entira je an fra!"ent al!orit"a koji je efinisan o !o2araj%=o" klaso" ili objekto". Klase i& fa"ilije ConcreteAisitor obe&beC%j% kontekst &a al!orita" i -%2aj%=i nje!o2o lokalno stanje. 92ak2o stanje naj-e:=e sl%Bi a ak%"%lira re&%ltat toko" obilaska str%kt%re. %le"ent (%le"ent) o efini:e operacij% Accept koja pre%&i"a objekat Aisitor kao ar!%"ent. Concrete%le"ent (%"ployee) o i"ple"entira operacij% Accept koja pri.2ata objekat Aisitor kao ar!%"ent 'bjectStructure (%"ployee!) o "oBe prola&iti kro& str%kt%r% ele"enata o "oBe a obe&beC%je interfejs 2isoko! ni2oa koji o&2olja2a Aisitor objekti"a a pose=%j% ele"ente o "oBe a b% e ili obra&ac Co"posite ili kolekcija kao :to je npr. lista ili sk%p
o

92aj str%kt%rni ko prika&%je obra&ac Aisitor % ko"e je an objekat obila&i 9bject5tr%ct%re i 2r:i ist% operacij% na s2aki" -2oro".
// @isitor pattern -- Strukturni primer using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.@isitor.Structural { // MainApp test aplikaci a class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // Setup structure Ob ectStructure o ' ne( Ob ectStructure#$; o.Attac4#ne( )oncrete:lementA#$$; o.Attac4#ne( )oncrete:lement0#$$; // )reate !isitor ob ects )oncrete@isitor& !& ' ne( )oncrete@isitor&#$; )oncrete@isitor+ !+ ' ne( )oncrete@isitor+#$;
// Structure accepting !isitors o.Accept#!&$; o.Accept#!+$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .@isitor. abstract class @isitor { public abstract !oi" @isit)oncrete:lementA# )oncrete:lementA concrete:lementA$; public abstract !oi" @isit)oncrete:lement0# )oncrete:lement0 concrete:lement0$; // .)oncrete@isitor&. class )oncrete@isitor& 1 @isitor { public o!erri"e !oi" @isit)oncrete:lementA# )oncrete:lementA concrete:lementA$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- !isite" by {&-.K concrete:lementA.Get5ype#$.6ameK t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame$; public o!erri"e !oi" @isit)oncrete:lement0# )oncrete:lement0 concrete:lement0$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- !isite" by {&-.K concrete:lement0.Get5ype#$.6ameK t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // .)oncrete@isitor+. class )oncrete@isitor+ 1 @isitor { public o!erri"e !oi" @isit)oncrete:lementA# )oncrete:lementA concrete:lementA$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- !isite" by {&-.K concrete:lementA.Get5ype#$.6ameK t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame$; public o!erri"e !oi" @isit)oncrete:lement0# )oncrete:lement0 concrete:lement0$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- !isite" by {&-.K concrete:lement0.Get5ype#$.6ameK t4is.Get5ype#$.6ame$; // .:lement. abstract class :lement { public abstract !oi" Accept#@isitor !isitor$; -
// .)oncrete:lementA. class )oncrete:lementA 1 :lement { public o!erri"e !oi" Accept#@isitor !isitor$ { !isitor.@isit)oncrete:lementA#t4is$; public !oi" OperationA#$ { // .)oncrete:lement0. class )oncrete:lement0 1 :lement { public o!erri"e !oi" Accept#@isitor !isitor$ { !isitor.@isit)oncrete:lement0#t4is$; public !oi" Operation0#$ { // .Ob ectStructure. class Ob ectStructure { pri!ate Array3ist elements ' ne( Array3ist#$; public !oi" Attac4#:lement element$ { elements.A""#element$; public !oi" Detac4#:lement element$ { elements.*emo!e#element$; public !oi" Accept#@isitor !isitor$ { foreac4 #:lement e in elements$ { e.Accept#!isitor$; 28la8 )oncrete:lementA )oncrete:lement0 )oncrete:lementA )oncrete:lement0 !isite" !isite" !isite" !isite" by by by by )oncrete@isitor& )oncrete@isitor& )oncrete@isitor+ )oncrete@isitor+

Ovaj primer iz stvarnog sveta prikazuje upotrebu obrasca 3isitor u kome dva objekta prolaze kroz listu zaposleni' i vre istu operaciju na d svim instancama klase 1mplo7ee. Ova dva posetioca definiu razliite operacije : jedna postavlja broj slobodni' dana a druga visinu plate.
// @isitor pattern -- /rimer i8 st!arnog s!eta using System; using System.)ollections; namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.@isitor.*eal,orl" { // MainApp startup application class MainApp { static !oi" Main#$ { // Setup employee collection :mployees e ' ne( :mployees#$; e.Attac4#ne( )lerk#$$; e.Attac4#ne( Director#$$; e.Attac4#ne( /resi"ent#$$; // :mployees are U!isite"U e.Accept#ne( 2ncome@isitor#$$; e.Accept#ne( @acation@isitor#$$; // ,ait for user )onsole.*ea"#$; // .@isitor. interface 2@isitor { !oi" @isit#:lement element$; // .)oncrete@isitor&. class 2ncome@isitor 1 2@isitor { public !oi" @isit#:lement element$ { :mployee employee ' element as :mployee; // /ro!i"e &Hd pay raise employee.2ncome _' &.&H; )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- {&-Us ne( income1 {+1)-.K employee.Get5ype#$.6ameK employee.6ameK employee.2ncome$; // .)oncrete@isitor+.
class @acation@isitor 1 2@isitor { public !oi" @isit#:lement element$ { :mployee employee ' element as :mployee; // /ro!i"e A e;tra !acation "ays )onsole.,rite3ine#.{H- {&-Us ne( !acation "ays1 {+-.K employee.Get5ype#$.6ameK employee.6ameK employee.@acationDays$; class )lerk 1 :mployee { // )onstructor public )lerk#$ 1 base#.9ank.K +GHHH.HK &I$ { class Director 1 :mployee { // )onstructor public Director#$ 1 base#.:lly.K AGHHH.HK &Y$ { class /resi"ent 1 :mployee { // )onstructor public /resi"ent#$ 1 base#.Dick.K IGHHH.HK +&$ { // .:lement. abstract class :lement { public abstract !oi" Accept#2@isitor !isitor$; // .)oncrete:lement. class :mployee 1 :lement { string name; "ouble income; int !acationDays; // )onstructor public :mployee#string nameK "ouble incomeK int !acationDays$ { t4is.name ' name; t4is.income ' income; t4is.!acationDays ' !acationDays; // /roperties
public string 6ame { get{ return name; set{ name ' !alue; public "ouble 2ncome { get{ return income; set{ income ' !alue; public int @acationDays { get{ return !acationDays; set{ !acationDays ' !alue; public o!erri"e !oi" Accept#2@isitor !isitor$ { !isitor.@isit#t4is$; // .Ob ectStructure. class :mployees { pri!ate Array3ist employees ' ne( Array3ist#$; public !oi" Attac4#:mployee employee$ { employees.A""#employee$; public !oi" Detac4#:mployee employee$ { employees.*emo!e#employee$; public !oi" Accept#2@isitor !isitor$ { foreac4 #:mployee e in employees$ { e.Accept#!isitor$; )onsole.,rite3ine#$; 28la8 )lerk 9ankUs ne( income1 ]+XKGHH.HH Director :llyUs ne( income1 ]AMKGHH.HH /resi"ent DickUs ne( income1 ]I\KGHH.HH )lerk 9ankUs ne( !acation "ays1 &I Director :llyUs ne( !acation "ays1 &Y /resi"ent DickUs ne( !acation "ays1 +&

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Pri"er ko a % je&ik% C'..........................................................................................+11 Pri"er i& st2arno! s2eta...........................................................................................+17

Odvaja kreiranje objekata od njegovog predstavljanja

+reira instance razliiti' izvedeni' klasa

Potpuno inicijalizovana instanca koja moe biti kopirana ili klonirana

+lasa koja moe imati samo jedan ivi objekat.

1nkapsulacija komandne u objekat

,kljuivanje elemenata jezika u program.

0ekvencijalni pristup elementima kolekcije.

&efinisanje uproene komunikacije meu klasama

3raanje objekta u preanje stanje

Prosleivanje informacije o nekoj promeni objektima veeg broja klasa

-enjanje ponaanja nekog objekta u zavisnosti od promene stanja

1nkapsuliranje algoritma unutar klase

&efinisanje konkretni' algoritamski' koraka koji se razlikuju u potklasama

&efinisanje nove operacije u klasi bez njene ekspilicitne promene

Kreacioni obrasci (Creational Patterns)

Apstraktna fabrika (Abstract Factory)

%bstractPro"uct ((erbi)ore' Carni)ore) o deklarie interfejs za odreenu vrstu objekata

Client (%ni#al*orl") o +orisniki interfejs ka klasama *bstract#actor7 i *bstractProduct

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

)onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. )onsole.,rite3ine#. -

etod (Factory !ethod)

ConcretePro"uct (SkillsPage' $"ucationPage' $0periencePage) o implementira interfejs klase Product

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

ConcreteProtot&pe (Color) o implementira operaciju kloniranja sebe samog

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

"sa ljenik (Sin#leton)

Ob ects are t4e same instance

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$; 3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$; 3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$; 3oa"0alancer.Get3oa"0alancer#$;

Strukturni obrasci (Structural Patterns)

%"apter (Co#poun") o adaptira interfejs klase *daptee prema interfejsu klase.

%"aptee (C/e#icalDatabank) o definie postojei interfejs koji treba adaptirati.

Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,

// .A"aptee. class A"aptee { public !oi" Specific*eWuest#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" Specific*eWuest#$.$; -

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

H.HF; break; ' G.GF; break; ' -&&I.&F; break;

&HH.HF; break; ' MH.&F; break; ' XM.AF; break;

1efine"%bstraction (Custo#ersBusinessObject) o proiruje interfejs koji definie klasa *bstraction.

Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

$o po%icija (Co posite)

definie ponaanje za primitivne objekte u kompoziciji

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

ConcreteDecorator (Borro4able) o dodaje nove funkcije komponenti

Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

{ t4is.pointSi8e ' pointSi8e; )onsole.,rite3ine#t4is.symbol 7 . #pointsi8e . 7 t4is.pointSi8e 7 .$.$; -

Pri#er ko"a u je+iku C,

Pri#er i+ st)arnog s)eta

"ouble "ouble "ouble "ouble -

A""#"ouble Sub#"ouble Mul#"ouble Di!#"ouble

"ouble "ouble "ouble "ouble

y$; y$; y$; y$;

"ouble "ouble "ouble "ouble

y${return y${return y${return y${return

Obrasci ponaanja (Be/a)ioral Patterns)

$o andni lanac (Chain of *esponsibility)

Client (%ni#alorl") o +orisniki interfejs ka klasama bstract#actor7 i *bstractProduct

// .A"aptee. class A"aptee { public !oi" SpecificeWuest#$ { )onsole.,rite3ine#.)alle" SpecificeWuest#$.$; -