Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Za Metodiku
Za Metodiku
Za Metodiku
, ,
2010,
. VII, . 1
., .
.
M.
. , . ,
.
.
. -
.
Ana N. oki-Ostoji
.
.
.
.
ISSN 1451-673X
UDC 81
82
7.01
37.01
, ,
, 2010, VII, . 1
UDC 81
82
7.01
37.01
14, 35 000
. , ,
. , , .
. , , ; .
, , ; ,
, ; . , ,
; . , ,
; . , ,
; Dr Christos Kechagias PhD, Philosophy of Education, University of Athens, Faculty of Primary
Education; . , , - ;
-, , ; .
, , ; . ,
, ; , ,
; . , ,
; , ,
, ,
:
14, 35 000,
e-: uzdanica@pefja.kg.ac.rs
: +381 35 223805
:
. , , ; .
, , ; . , ,
; . , , ;
. , , -
. , ; . ,
- , ; . ,
; . , ,
; . , ; . ,
, . , ,
a
, , , ,
500
. :
/ 717
. :
/ 1933
., . :
/ 3547
. :
/ 4957
. :
/ 5977
M. :
/ 7990
. : / 91101
. , . , . :
/ 103110
. :
/ 113123
. :
( ) / 125132
. : (Teacher Effectiveness
Training ) o
, / 133148
3
: 371.3::811.163.4136
: 175682316
: 12. 2010.
: 14. 2010.
*
:
. .
: () , () , (
, ).
, .
; , ,
, .
: , ,
, e.
1.
1. , , , ,
, , *
( - ) XLVII
( ), 1214. I 2009.
e-: drag_stanko@yahoo.com
. , ,
, , .
1.1.
, . (
)
,
, .
2. , , ,
, , , .
, ,
.
2.1. , , , . .
: () ; ()
; () ; () ( ); () ( ), .
, ,
, .
2.2.
, ,
.
2.2.1. , . ,
.
( 8
): () ; () ; () ; ()
; () , .
2.
1. ( , . ,
; . 2008: 173
183). , 45 , () ( 2006: 165170).
, , ,
.
1.2. , ()
,
.1 .
2. , ,
( ),
, , .
2.1. ,
( ) . .
, 1 , , (,
, , , ,
, , ).
, (. response validity, . 21996: 176;
13
2001: 176177), () , .
; , , .
2.2. , () (. 2008: 173).
3.
1.
,
,
,
. , ,
,
, .
1.1. ,
. ,
125 , :
, ,
, , ,. , ,
, . ( 1883: 737).
2. , , . ,
, . , ;
, , .
(. 1983: 3543), .
2.1. , , , , ( ) ,
10
. ( , ), ,
(. ; 1997: 32; 1999: 425432).
2.1.1. . , ,
, ( )
(.
). , , , , , .
, , .
.
2.
1.
3.
:
x
x
x
x
,
.
4. :
(
5. ,
1.
11
3. , /
, , ,
, (. 1). non multa, sed multum, .
3.1.
. , , , 2, ,
, .
( )
* ( ) , , , * () ,
* () * ( ).
* () . * ()
, * ( ) * () ...
* () * (-)
2 ( ); , ,
( ,
). , , , . ( ), , ,
( ).
() / . , () :
. , ,
. , ,
, , .
. , /
. , , . ( ) ,
, , , , .
(. 2004: 234242).
12
13
) (, / /, .).
() ( ) ( , .).
() , ,
, ( ). ,
(, , .); , ,
. ( :
). , .
4. , . , , . ,
.
4.1. () . , , ,
:
() (, , , );
() ;
()
(. );
() ;
()
;
() ;
() .
, , ,
, :
14
2.
4.
1. , , ,
. ,
, , .
2.
, , , . , . ,
, ,
, .
3.
.
15
. .
3.1.
; , ,
, , , . ,
,
.
.
: () ,
, () ,
( , ).
.
. ,
, ,
.
: , ,
, .
17
18
: 821.163.41.0932 .
: 175682572
: 2. 2009.
: 14. 2010.
: 1
. : , .
1) , , ;
, , , , .
2) , .
, ,
.
, , .
: ;
, ; , ; , , .
0.
. ,
, , . , ,
.
: .
1 , 16. 2008. 148024 D ,
.
e-: jelenajo@bitsyu.net
19
, ,
, , -
.
1.
1. ,
2. , , ; ,
, ,
, , , , , .
.
1.1. :
( !).
, .
1.2.
.
, .
1.3. , , , , , . , . ,
: ( , , ,
2 , , . . (1969: 249). :
. . : (1980: 208).
20
...), ,
, , .
2. . , ! .
, , , .
,
:
. , .
.
, . .
3. , , . ,
. , ,
, ( ).
4.
, ,
. , . .
- , :
. - . -
, , .
21
2.
2.1.
1. 3
, , ,
; , , .
1.1. , .
, , . , ,
.
,
; , .
1.2. , . . , .
, :
. . , .
2.
, .
, , , . , .
2.1. ,
. , ,
, , . , . ,
.
2.2. , ,
, .
3
22
,
. , .
2.3. , , , ,
, - , . , :
,
.
, . 4.
3.
. : .
, ,
. , , ,
.
4. , , , , .
4.1. :
, .
, :
, . .
4.2. , , ,
. , .
- .
, .
5. , . : , ,
.
4 , , . ,
, .
. , , . , ,
( 2000: 113118).
23
5.1.
, .
5.2. ,
, , , .
2.2.
. .
:
() ().
, . , . , , , . ,
.
2.2.1.
1. , , , , ; .: -, , , , , , , , .
, , . , , , ,
. -
, ; , . .
2. . ,
, : ;
; ; ; ,
, ; , , ;
24
; ; ; ; ;
.
2.1. . .
,
. ,
( ),
- ( ), .
2.2. ,
- .
) . , : ...
, .
, , .
) : , , ? , , , , ;
; ... , ; . ,
,
, : .
, :
.
3.
. .
.
3.1. ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , 25
! ! ! ! ! ! . .
.
3.2.
. .
() : , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , .
, , , . 5.
() : , ,
? , . , , . , , , .
() : , , , .
() : , , ?
() : , ,
. , .
() ,
: , , , ,
,
. , , ..., . . , , ,
.
() , : ;
, , ;
.
, .
3.3. ,
5 : , , .
: , , ?
, ? , , . , . , ? , ? , , ?
, ? , , . , ? ,
? , , , . , , ? ,
: , .
26
.
. - :
, . , ,
, .
4. , .
.
.
,
. ,
.
. : .
4.1. : , , , , ,
, , 6. : , ,
.
7
, .
4.2. : , , , , , , , , , , , , 8.
: , . , , .
, .
6 . : , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
7 1972: 157.
8 . : , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
27
4.3. : , , , , , ,
, , , , , , .
, .
.
4.4. : , , , , , , , , , , .
4.5. ; ,
, : ; ; ; , ; , ; , ;
, . .
.
2.2.2.
1. 9 . ,
: , . . , ,
,
.
2. : . , , ,
, , .
3. - . - , ;
9 ( 1968: 208) ... , ,
....
28
, , , .
3.1. -
, . , , , . , ,
. ,
, . ,
.
3.2. , .
, , , , -:
, ,
: ? , , ; , , ? , , ? , : , ,
, ...
, , ? , ? , ,
, . , ? , ; , , , , : ,
? , . , ; , , , ,
, ... ,
: , , ,
... .
3.3. ,
(, , , .) .
.
4. , , .
29
,
. .
.
, .
. ,
, . ,
, .
4.1. , ,
: ? ; ;
; ? ,
; , ; -, -; , ; , , ; , , ? , , ; ;
; ; ; ,
; , ? , ,
; ;
; ;
; ;
; -. , ,
, , .
4.2.
, , : ,
, , , , , , , ,
, . . , , ,
. , ,
: - . , , .
5.
: , , .
, ,
30
,
.
3.
1. ,
.
1.1. ,
. : , . .
1.2. .
. . ,
,
, .
2.
; . ,
. . ,
.
3. ,
. : ; , ,
. :
, ,
, .
4. ,
. . .
.
31
1996: . , , : .
(1980): . . , , : .
(1991): . , , : .
(1997): . , , : .
(2000): . , I, : .
(2001): . , , :
.
(2002): . . ,
, : .
(1972): . . , , :
, .
(1964): St. Ullman, Language and Style, Oxford: Basel Blackwel
and Matl Ltd.
(1995): M. Fludernik, Linguistics and Literature: prospects and
horizons in the study of prose. Journal of Pragmatics 26, 583611.
(1975): . . . , II, : ,
.
(1994): W. Chafe, Discourse, Consciousness, and Time, Chicago: Chicago University Press.
(2005): Zr. imuni, Modularni pristup kompleksnosti organizacije diskursa, Zagreb: Rasprave instituta za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, knj.
31, 277328.
(1971): Fr. Stanzel, Narrative Situations in the Novel, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Jelena R. Jovanovic
University of Belgrade
Fakulty of Philology
Depatment of Serbian Lalnage and South Slavic Langauages
33
34
.
,
.
,
: 811.163.41373.22:598.2
: 175682828
: 24. 2010.
: 14. 2010.
: , .
: , , .
1. 1. .
.
. , , , .
2. , , 2.
, . .
1 .
, .
2
, , ( 2002).
, . ( 2004) . (
1999) , .
.
e-: milica.marjanovic@isj.sanu.ac.rs
35
3. . , . , . .
( ) ( ),
. 3,
.
, .
,
:
: , , () = = 3, , , , ,
(. . 4.4), , = , = = = = = , = , ,
= = = = , = = , , = , =
, = , , , , ,
, , , , = , = = = , , .
,
: = = = , = , , , , , = , , = , , , = , = = = ,
= () = = , = =
= , = = , = ,
, , , = , .
, ,
: , = = , , , , ; , , = = = = = = = = , = = = , = =
, , = , , , , .
:
. : , , , , = = = , , ,
= , , , , , = ,
3
36
= .
= = = = , , , , , = , , , .
. : = .
. : , .
: = = = = = = = = , = = , = , , , , = = ,
, = = , , = , = = , , , .
: = = = , , , ,
, , , , , , .
:
. : , , , , .
. : , ().
. : , , ,
= = = = , , , , = = = = =
= = , , = = , , .
: = , , , = = = , , , = , .
4.1. : , , , , = , = = = =
(, ), = = = (), = =
( ), = ( ), ( ),
, , , , , .
4.2. : , () = = , , , , , , ( ,
), ( ), ( , , , ,
37
), = , = =
= .
.
4.3. .
4: , , , (. ), , .
(, , , , ).
4.4. (, , = , =
, = ). . .
, , . , . ,
, .
.
, , , , .
.
5.1.
, . .
, , . ,
, ,
.
5.2. . , , , ,
. . , (), , .
38
1977: 30.
5.3. . , .
5
.
5.4. , . .
5.5. , ,
. . , . , .
5.6.
, : , = , () . .
,
.
5.7. , , . , , , ,
, . =
= = = , . = , ().
(). . , , ,
6, .
().
( 2005). (), , .
6
39
5.8.
(, , , ). ,
, (), , ,
.
. , , , , ,
,
. .
5.9.
. = = = 7 .
, .
6. . .
, , .
. , ,
. = =
= = = = = = , . ,
. .
. .
, 8:
(~, ); ; ; .
, , ,
.
7.
. ( , , , )
7
8
40
, , , ().
. 1988.
= = = 9 (, ,
, , , ) = =
= = =
, (,
, , ). ( , , , ) = = = = ( ,
) , .
( , ), ( , ), = =
10, . , ,
[] (). . , = = . , , .
.
.
8.
, , . = =
= ,
,
; ,
; , . , , .
.
. .
9. . . ,
. = = = = = , , .
, : , = , , , , , = 9
().
-, , ().
10
41
, = = = = = , , , = , , .
.
. , ,
( , , , ). .
10.1. . : , ,
, , , . .
,
(),
, . 11 .
10.2.
. , , = = , , .
: = , ,
, ,
(!), ();
(); , , , , , == , (),
(), == ().
11. : , .
12. ,
. = 11
42
, , , ().
, = = = 12 ,
, .
(, : , !, ; ,
, ).
, . ( , , , , , ).
: , , .
13.1.
.
, ,
, , . , ,
,
.
13.2. ,
. . ,
(. 2004: 147).
( = , = ) , ,
(
= , = , = ).
14. ,
.
, ,
. 12
43
, ,
, , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , ,
. , . : , , , .
: , . (, , , , ), (, ), (, , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , , ),
(). , .
15.
:
1: (, , , , ) + (-, -, -,
-, -, -, - .): , , , , , , , , , .;
2: + (+): , , , = = = , , , , , , , = , = = , , ,
.
2: + : , .
16. , (, )
. , . :
1: + (-, - .): , , ,
.;
2: + (-, , -, -, - .): , , , , , , , , , .
3: + (+): , , , , , , ;
4: + : , , , .
44
17. , :
1: + (, -, -, - .): , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
, , .
2:
: , , , , .
18.
:
1: + (-, , -, -, -, -(), -, -, -, -, - .): , , , , , , , ,
, , = , , , = = , , , , .
2: + (-, -): , .
19. :
1: + (-, -, -, -, -, -,
- .): , , = = , , , , , , .
2: + (+):
, , , , , .
20.
+ (-, -, -, -, -, -, -, -): = = = , , , , , , , ,
, , .
21.1. (, , .), . , ,
,
.
21.2.
,
, , (, 45
).
(, , ). (, , ). , , ,
.
21.3. , , , (, , ).
,
.
21.4. (, , , ),
(, , , , ,),
(, , ), (, ) (, ).
22.
, . ,
, 13. 14.
(2007): . , , .
(2004): . ,
, , . 60,
177192.
13 , ( 2007: 246).
14 , ,
( 2007: 250).
46
(2005): . , , LII, .
(1971): . , , , . 7, , 167185.
(1988): . . ,
, , .
(2004): . , , ,
, , .
60, , 147176.
: , IVI, , 19671976.
: , ,
1959.
1999: . , , III/1
2, , 7689.
2: . , , . 2, ,
19381947.
(2002): . , , 7/12, 321326.
Nataa M. Markovi
Institute for the Serbian Language SASU, Belgrade
47
48
: 821.163.41.0932 . . ;
371.3::821.163.41
: 175683596
: 24. a 2010.
: 14. 2010.
:
, , , ,
.
: , , , ,
1953. , , ,
, , , , , .
, , , . , , ,
,
, , .
,
, , , ,1
1 : , . . ,
. ,
( 1990: 286).
e-: violetajov@gmail.com
49
.
, , .
:
,
, ,
. , , , , , ( 1990: 82).
, , 2 .
, .
, ,
,
, , ,
, , , (
1982: 19).
a je .
:
( 1992),
2 , . , , . ,
, , .
, . , , , ,
, .
,
. je , . , , -. (, 1979: 42).
50
( 1985), ( 2003), ,3 . ,4 (
2000), (- 2006), ( 1986).
: . ` `.
, ,
, , ,
( 1990: 82).
, ,
, .
, ,
, , , , , , , ,
, .
, .
,
, arbor felix ( 1985: 164, 166),
:
( 1986: 92), . , ( 1985: 23), . - , , ,
.
, . 3
, , , 1998.
, , , 1996.
4
51
,
, , , , : , ... .
, ,
, . ,
, . . , , , . ,
:
.
.
?
.
.
. (86)
,
, . : ,
( 1992: 76), ,
, .
, :
, .
. : ,
, . . ,
(7, 17, 73, 177). , . , (
1986: 24). , , , , ,
(: 24). , , , .
, , 52
, , . , , .
, , , , , ( 1986: 20),
. , .
, , ,
, . ,
, , , , 5.
: , , , , . ( , ),
.
(. 1969),
, .
, , . , (. 2003),
,
.
, . .
, , , ,
.
, , ( ) (
, ).
.
5 , , , , ,
( 1990: 94).
53
6. , .
,
, , : , .
, . .
.
.
: . . . .
. : . , . .
, , . : .
. , , ,
a , , , .
, ,
, . , , (...). , , ,
, , ;
, ( 1986: 100).
. , , , , , .
6
( 2000: 79).
: . ( ) . ,
, , , (- 2006: 101).
54
: ., ,
.
, , , , , , , , , : , ,
. , , , . , ,
, :
. (112).
, ,
, . ,
, , .
,
,
.
; ( 1975: 93).
a, , , , , . , ,
,
, ( 1989: 21).
.
,
.
, .
,
, 55
. ,
,
.
, , , , , ,
,
,
.
(1969): , , ,
(1992): , , ,
,
(1990): , , ,
(1986): . . , , ,
, (1979): . ,
, III
(1982): , ,
, , ,
(1990): , ,
,
(2000): , , I , ,
- (2006): -, , ,
(1985): , , ,
(2003): , , ,
(1975): , , ,
(1989): ,
, , , 23,
(2003): , , ,
56
.
,
:
. ,
.
, ,
, , , , .
,
, .
, , , ,
, .
.
: , , , , .
57
58
: 371.3::811.163.41 ; 371.686
: 175684876
: 20. 2009.
: 14. 2010.
: ,
. , . , .
.
2009. .
: , , , , ,
, .
. ,
, . , ,
. : , , , , . .
,
, . , , . .
, , . ,
, ,
,
.
e-: nada_todorov@yahoo.com
59
, - . , , .
. . .
Wir leben in einer von Medien bestimmten Wirklichkeit, in der die Grenzen zur
Realitt aufgehoben sind. In dieser Welt kann die Wirklichkeit nur der gewinnen,
der fhig ist, einen eigenen Standort und eine eigene Sicht zu entwickeln. Er muss
sehen knnen: die Filmsprache lernen (Christiane Radeke, Jana Hornung 2006:
7). ...
.
, , , ,
. ,
, . :
, () ;
;
;
.
, , , . ,
. ()
.
, . 1) (7, 8, 9); 2) (10, 11, 12); 3) (13, 14, 15); 4) (16, 17, 18),
.
,
.
. 366
(I 129, II 116, III 63, IV 58). , . 60
, , 2009. ,
.
.
,
, - . : , , , , ,
, , . , , ,
, .
, , , , ; . , , , ,
- .
? . , ,
. () ,
.
)
)
)
) -
)
)
)
117 90,7%
42 32,5%
39 30,9%
45 34,8%
93 72,9%
54 41,9%
3 2,3%
() :
3 2,3 %
61
. ,
, , .
, ,
- .
() .
, : , , . - ,
.
.
)
)
)
) -
)
)
)
101 88,1%
33 26,2%
52 33,3%
30 23,8%
90 71,4%
51 40,5%
12 9,5%
:
6 7,1%
3 2,4%.
62
. ,
.
. , ,
.
)
)
)
) -
)
)
)
54 85,7%
3 4,8%
9 14,3%
15 23,8%
51 81,0%
30 47,6%
9 14,3%
:
4 9,5%
2 4,8%
63
, , . , ,
.
, .
.
. ,
.
- . ,
.
:
? ,
, .
. , . ,
, .
64
)
)
)
) -
)
)
)
24 75,00%
4 12,50%
14 43,75%
24 50,00%
36 75,00%
27 56,25%
21 43,75%
:
3 6,25%
9 18,75%
9 18,75%
4, ( ?)
,
.
,
, . , ;
. , , : . ;
, .
65
)
)
)
) -
)
)
)
318 86,9%
84 18,3%
74 30,3%
8 31,1%
270 73,8%
108 44,3%
12 3,27%
5, 1. 4. ( ?)
.
, , , . , , , ,
.
?
.
, . :
66
) /
)
)
)
)
27 20,9 %
60 46,5%
54 41,9%
39 30,2%
12 9,3%.
6, ( ?)
: , ....
. , , , . . .
) /
)
)
)
)
54
81
39
51
12
42,9%
64,3%
30,9%
40,5%
9,5%
67
: , ,
.
,
. ,
. .
, .
, . : ,
,
.
) /
)
)
)
)
21 33,3%
54 66,7%
15 23,8 %
9 14,3%
9 14,3%
: , , , ....
68
, . , .
) /
)
)
)
)
36
39
30
12
3
75,00%
81,25%
62,50%
25,00%
6,25%
9, ( ?)
69
: ....
,
. ,
, ,
, . ; :
.
( 1. 4. )
) /
)
)
)
)
138
222
138
111
36
37,7%
60,7%
37,7%
30,3%
9,8%
10, 1. 4. ( ?)
.
.
, ,
. ,
.
.
70
.
, .
,
.
.
, . (, , , ) ,
. , . :
/ ?.
.
105 (81,4%)
24 (18,6%)
11, ( / ?)
104 (90,47%)
12 (9,53%)
12, ( / ?)
60 (95,2%)
3 (4,8%)
13, ( / ?)
71
50 96,55%
8 3, 45 %.
14, ( / ?)
319 (87,1%)
47 (12,9%)
15, 1. 4.
( / ?)
, , ,
. . .
. . , .
() .
. , :
?.
)
87 67,4%
) , ,
21 16,3%
)
33 25,6%
)
9 6,9%.
72
67.40%
60.00%
50.00%
a
b
40.00%
c
d
25.60%
30.00%
16.30%
20.00%
6.90%
10.00%
0.00%
1
: , ....
)
84 66,7%
) , ,
51 40,5%
)
45 35,7%
)
12 9,5%.
17, ( ?)
80.00%
70.00%
66.70%
60.00%
50.00%
40.50%
35.70%
40.00%
c
d
30.00%
20.00%
9.50%
10.00%
0.00%
1
73
:
, ,
....
a)
36 57,1%
) , ,
10 23,8%
)
12 19,4%
)
3 4,8%.
18, ( ?)
60.00%
57.10%
50.00%
40.00%
a
b
30.00%
23.80%
19.04%
20.00%
6.90%
10.00%
0.00%
1
: .
a)
30 62,5%
) , ,
21 43,75%
)
18 37,5%
)
3 6,25%.
74
62.50%
60.00%
50.00%
43.75%
37.50%
40.00%
a
b
c
30.00%
20.00%
6.25%
10.00%
0.00%
1
: .
)
79 64,6%
) , ,
38 31,1%
)
34 27,9%
)
9 7,4%.
20, 1. 4.
( ?)
70.00%
64.60%
60.00%
50.00%
a
40.00%
31.10%
27.90%
30.00%
20.00%
7.40%
10.00%
0.00%
1
75
. (), :
, ...
.
, ,
....
, .
. .
. ,
.
.
, -
, . ,
, , , , .
:
, , .
Christiane Radeke, Jana Hornung (2006), Medienpdagogisches Begleitmaterial zum Film Lauras Stern zuerst erschienen in: Praxis Kinderfilm. Mit
anderen Augen sehenim Rahmen des Kinderfilmfestes im Land Brandenburg
2006. LISUM Berlin-Brandenburg, www.filmernst.de/media/files/Materialien/Lauras%20Stern.pdf
Lhotsky, Javomir (1950): Der Film als Experiment un Heilmetode, Wien,
Wilhelm Mandrich Verlag.
76
Nada P. Todorov
University of Novi Sad
Faculty of Teacher Education in Sombor
INETEREST OF YOUNG LEARNERS IN FILMS APPLIED IN TEACHING
THE SERBIAN LANGUAGE
Summary: Film and literature represent reality in a specific way. It is very important
to connect these two areas in the classroom because it helps enrich students artistic
experiences, widen their knowledge and refine their esthetic sense. It was long ago when
Lhotsky said: Film does not make a man either good or evil, but it makes him better and
or worse. (Lhotsky 1950: 11). Research suggests that young learners are interested in
watching films in the language classroom. As a consequence, film should be given more
attention in teaching by frequent viewing, giving task-based activities and projects to
students, using problem-solving tasks, presentation methods, etc. If our aim is to prevent
bad influence of films on students, we should try to develop their critical attitude to values
in teaching.
Key words: film, teaching the Serbian language, students, young learners, media,
esthetics, interest.
77
78
M.
Mbabane, Svazilend
: 821.163.41.081 .
: 175685132
: 2. 2009.
: 14. 2010.
: e
e . , . .
: , , - , , / , , , , ,
.
1.
1.
.
( ) (, , , ).
2. -
- . , . ,
.
3. , , , , , , .
4.
,
, ,
, .
e-: sonja.kovljanic@gmail.com
79
5.
. .
, . , .
2.
, !
, ,
,
!
,
,
.
, ,
-
,
, ;
,
,
,
,
,
, ,
...
2.1. -
1. .
, , , . , , .
1.1. , , (
) , . , , : /.
80
1.2. , , ( ):
( )
,
,
, ,
( )
( )
1.3. , : :
//, !
// ,
// !
( )
, / !
/ ,
/ !
( )
:
//
// ,
/
,/
( )
( )
:
// ,
,/
( )
( )
1.4. , / , . - .1
.
1 , ,
. , ,
. :
, -
. - . , , ,
81
1.5. , -
, ( ) :
, /
...
2. (
) :
!
.................................................
. , .
3. ,
.
3.1. () :
, !
..................................................
!
) , ,
, . .
) ,
3. , 1.
, ,
. (3. 1. ), ( ),
, .
) () .
, . , . , : . ,
.
.
. , , . ( 1985: 393.)
82
3.2. :
, ,
, ...
) : /
/
, 2
. - .3
.
.
) ,
. ( ) , : () ().
) 2. : , . ,
, , , .
) , 4.
.5 .6
) . , ,
( ).
2
.: 2003: 161.
,
.
, - , () . , , () . 2000: 325.
4
. ( 1963: 148).
5 () (. ) (. , 2007: 365).
6 1970: 207.
3
83
) , ,
. , , . :
, , : , .
: /, ()/, .
3.3. ,
() .
) , 7
: ,
: . , , (), ) .
)
: , ; ,
.8
, .
4. , . , .
: , , , , , : , :
(3. ).
2.2.
1. , ! , , .
in medias res.
. , ,
. . , , , . () . :
7 ) ,
, , ) , . 1. : , ; , . .: 2007: 143.
8 2007: 143.
84
, ,
,
!
2. ,
, , , , . , .9
2.1. . .
, . () , .
2.2. , .
. ( ), .10
,
.
( : /) .
.
3. .
, , 3. , . ,
, .
3.1. , .
.
9 , (2007: 94) . : 1. , , :
( ) . . , . ( /
) . , ,
.
10 (1971: s.v.)
( 19671976). : 1. , , 2. , (), : 1.
; , (
). : 1. ; 2. , ; 3. ) , (), ) , , ; 4. . , , .
, , , : , . , () () , .
85
3.2. . ,
, /.
( ) 11. .
3.3. , ,
/ / . ;
,
12, :
, .
3.4. , ,
13. ( ), ,
, , , , .
, in absentia, , ( ), , in praesenti14. , . , ,
, , .
4. .
:
,
) , , , (, , ),
11) ( ) ( 2000: 301.).
) , (
2000: 327.).
12 .: 2000: 365.
13 2001: 193.
14 1987: 194.
86
- ( ). , .
, , , .
) : ( ), (), , , , :
, .15
.
4.1. ,
, . : ,
( ), 16. , (. , . 5.).
4.2. , , . . ,
, in absentia
in presentia. :
,
(, , )
(, , )
, - .
4.3.
: , .
, , , .
) (),
, ().
. ,
.
, , .
15 (2007: 77): , ,-; . () : ) , , , (); ) ,
( ). .
16 2007: 1285.
87
) . , , , . , , ,
. -, -, -.
) .
4.4. , () , ,
, ,
. ,
: , .
, ,
, , 17.
5. ,
: -
, .
,
( ). /
, , ,
, .
5.1. ,
:
---- / --- / ---- / --
--- / -- / --- / ---- // --- / -
---- / ---- / ---- / ---
--- / () ------ / ---- / ---
--- / ------- / ---- / --
,
-:
17 . (1987: 93),
.
88
6. , , . . : , , , -, ,
, , , , .
4.
1.
.
1.1.
, ,
.
) - , , , , .
) , , , , ,
.
2. ,
, , : , , .
. , -
, .
89
(2007): , :
, .
(1966): . , , : .
(2003): . , ( ), : , VI/23.
(2000): . ,
, : .
(1987): Z. Lei, ezik i knjievno djelo, Sarajevo: Svjetlost.
(1970): . , , : .
(1986): . , , : , .
(1972): . , , .
(1985): . , , : .
(1978): . ,
, : , /2.
(1963): Kr. Pranji, ezik i knjievno djelo. gledi za lingvistiku
analizu knjievnih tekstova, Zagreb.
(19671976): , .
(1951. ): , : .
(2007): , : .
(1969): R. Simeon, nciklopedijski rjenik lingvistikih analiza,
Zagreb: Matica hrvatska.
(2001): . , , : .
Sonja . Milovanovi
Master Course in the Serbian Language and Literature
Mbabane, Svaziland
90
.
-
: 763.04 ; 76.071.1:929 .
: 175685644
: 2. 2009.
: 14. 2010.
: :
. , .
: , , , , , , .
1965. , (1932
2009) : , ,
, , .
,
. ,
; , , ,
.
,
.
.
.
, , , .
, ,
, .
e-: nemanjalaza@gmail.com
91
. , . ,
, , ,
.
, , ,
, , ,
, .
, , , , ,
, . , ,
, , , ,
, ,
.
, , , . , , , , , , . ,
, , , , ,
. ,
.
, ,
.
, , , ,
.
,
, .
, 1963.
, ,
. 92
,
. , .
.
, , .
. , , ,
, , . ,
, , . .
.
. ,
. , , ,
.1
. , , , . ,
, . .
. ,
.
,
.
, , , . , ,
, , ,
, ,
. , , , , .
,
, . ,
, , 1
: , , , 1979, . 27.
93
. , .
, , ,
.
, , ,
, .
,
, , . , . , ,
. , ,
. II
. ,
, ,
. , , ,
II
. .
.
. ,
, , , . II,
, . ,
. , .
: , , 94
, .
, , .
, .
. ,
, , , ,
, . , , . ,
. . , , . , ,
, ,
.
, , 1984.
.
, .
- . , , , . . , . , .
, . :
[...] , , , . ,
, ,
, .
,
, 95
. , , , .
. , , . , , ,
, . , :
./ , !/ / ,
, .
.
, , , ,
.
, ,
, , . . , .
, .
. , . , , ,
, , ,
, ,
. , ,
. . , ,
. .
, ,
, , , , . , ,
. 96
, , . ,
.
,
, . , : , ,/
, / . . ,
. ; : , , . , .
,
- . ,
1955. , , , ,
, , , , , , , , . , .
. , ,
, , .
, -
. , , .
, .
, , ,
. .
97
, .
,
. .
,
.
,
. .
, , -,
, , , .
, ,
.
, ,
, , .
-,
.
, , .
.
, , .
, , , ,
XV XVI .
. 98
. ,
. , , , , , , ,
. , , , , . . ,
, , , , .
, . ,
, , ,
. , , . , ,
. .
, , , .
, , .
.
,
. , . -
. , ,
, , , II . ,
,
.
,
99
, , . III , ,
. .
,
.
,
. . .
1 , , ,
, , ,
.
. , . , , ,
. , , ,
, . . ,
.
, -
, :
, . , .
100
Slobodan . Latarevi
University of Kragujevac
Faculty of Philology and Arts
ALCHEMISTS GAMES
Summary: Krsics graphic prints resulted from immidiate participation of spirit in
the artists environment as a whole. There are few artists here who so skilfully followed the
waves of times and used their movement to bring about the vision of future for our times.
Such understanding of time and space shows that Krsics time is in fact the time mass
moving forward and becoming bigger like a snowball going downhill. His snowball the
past, the present and the future, follows us all along our life line.
Key words: myth, time, box, parade, anamnesis, wine, dialogue.
101
102
: 371.3::796]:572.087
: 175686668
: 21. 2009
: 14. 2010
.
,
: .
208 ,
: 104 104 . :
. , ,
. , , .
.
: , , , , .
1.
, .
. (1969) : ; ; e-: zimarkovic@jahoo.com
il@abv.bg
gsekeljic@sbb.rs
103
/4/.
39 . . .
.
,
.
.
2.
.
3.
, ,
- .
o 208 e : 104 104
.
:
, , ,
.
.
104
-
- . , .
4.
1.
. , 21.72 23.15 .
, ,
144.79 131.36 .
1.
1748.08
76.50
-.12
.63
.909
1769.23
74.79
-.08
.44
.917
666.52 144.79
14.20
423.00 1220.00
21.72
638.36
694.68
.72
3.69
.856
697.17 161.36
15.82
580.00 1260.00
23.15
665.73
728.50
.76
4.33
.369
254.50
22.41
2.20
200.00
326.00
8.81
250.14
258.86
.76
.79
.983
259.86
22.30
2.19
211.00
336.00
8.58
255.52
264.19
.84
1.27
.970
265.88
33.17
3.25
195.00
395.00
12.48
259.42
272.33
.87
1.68 1.000
273.95
32.69
3.21
201.00
377.00
11.93
267.59
280.31
.57
.71 1.000
363.40
34.28
3.36
280.00
466.00
9.43
356.74
370.07
1.05
1.34
.710
371.17
34.58
3.39
286.00
492.00
9.34
364.45
377.90
1.06
2.16
.389
. , .
,
.
105
-
.
1.
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1. .
2.
1748.70
76.83
1774.66
73.59
.00
.84 1.000
.04
.88
.998
664.13 130.91
12.84
435.00 1130.00
19.71
638.67
689.60
1.20
1.97
.503
689.28 128.85
12.63
450.00 1150.00
18.69
664.21
714.34
1.10
1.58
.650
251.11
22.25
2.18
202.00
320.00
8.86
246.78
655.43
.54
.52
.999
259.13
21.78
2.14
218.00
320.00
8.40
254.90
263.37
.68
.56
.986
259.52
41.37
4.06
23.00
387.00
15.94
251.47
267.57 -1.14
9.48
.972
266.97
42.15
4.13
300.00
378.00
15.79
258.77
275.17 -1.10
8.49
.775
356.55
60.08
5.89
31.00
557.00
16.85
344.86
.534
368.36
33.23
3.23
305.00
482.00
9.02
361.89
374.82
.858
.87
.81
2.
, 130.91
128.85 , .
106
.
, .
-
.
2.
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2. .
,
,
.
3.
.724
.608
.690
.634
,
107
, ,
p=.608.
, , , , , p=.634.
4.
m/n
56/104
53.85
58/104
55.77
65/104
62.50
63/104
60.58
55.77%. 62.50%.
65 , 39 ,
. 63 , 60.58%. 31 , . ( 4).
5.
/1, 2, 3/.
, =.608,
.
, , .
.
. 108
. .
, =.634, ,
. .
, . (2008a).
. , (1), 104117, : .
, ., , . (2008).
. 9,
7994. : .
, ., , ., , . (2008). . : . (.), - -,
, 2008, 368375. : .
, . . (1969):
1218 , , 910, .
ivorad M. Markovi
University of Kragujevac
Faculty of Education in Jagodina
J.
,
Goran V. ekelji
University of Kragujevac
Faculty of Teacher Education in Uice
109
the chosen criterion of planning physical education lessons: experimental group of 104
examinees exposed to continuous planning, and control group of 104 examinees exposed
to cyclical planning of physical education lessons. In the research we used five
anthropometric characteristics for observation: longitudinal skeleton dimensions and
circular dimensions. Multivariety analysis suggests that there is not statistically significant
difference between experimental and control groups in relation to initial and final
measurings of the five anthropometric characteristics. These results are logical as the groups
were formed accidentally and the examinees are of the same age and sex. The differences
are rather caused by accidental and body characteristics resulting from environmental
influences.
Key words: influence, planning, teaching, physical education, anthropometric
characteristics.
110
111
112
: 373.2 ; 159.923.5053.2
: 175687436
: 12. 2009.
: 14. 2010.
: , , ,
.
- .
: ,
, . ,
.
: , , , .
, . ,
.
,
- . . (,
.), -
,
e-: biljanastojanovic23@yahoo.com
113
.
, , (, 1999:109).
-. .
, . ,
, , , .
, ,
, , ,
. , . ( , ), , ,
, , .
, . ,
, .
, ,
. , , , , .
,
,
, .
-
. 114
, ,
. ,
.
- . , , ,
, , , , - . : ,
, , .
, , .
, . ,
,
.
.
:
;
;
.
200 .
.
. ,
115
, .
.
1.
,
. , - .
. : ? . 1.
1
90,0%
80,0%
70,0%
60,0%
50,0%
40,0%
30,0%
20,0%
10,0%
0,0%
1
, , - .
, .
, 116
.
, - ,
- .
, ,
, .
. . 1.
1.
43%
27%
21%
9%
(43%) , .
(
) 27%
. 21% .
, , . ,
,
.
2.
,
.
: , , ? :
)
)
)
117
90%
, 7% , 3% . 2.
2
7,0%
3,0%
90,0%
. . ,
. ,
.
?
3.
. , .
, (
) (, ) , .
.
: ? :
)
)
118
)
)
56%
, 41% , 3%
.
.
,
.
, .
,
.
:
?
. 3.
3
40,0%
35,0%
30,0%
25,0%
20,0%
39,0%
25,0%
15,0%
15,0%
10,0%
21,0%
5,0%
Series1
S1
0,0%
(39%)
.
, .
. ,
, 21% .
, , .
119
: ?
2.
2.
43%
18%
17%
12%
8%
,
. (43%) , , ( ) . , ,
.
. 5. 8%
- . , , , .
: ? .
5
4.
4
13,0%
5,0%
44,0%
17,0%
21,0%
120
,
. .
. , : .
, 5% .
, , (44%) .
,
, , , , .
, .
,
, .
, , .
, ,
.
.
.
:
, . ,
, ;
121
90%
;
, , , , .
, .
, ., , . (2000): , :
(2002): ,
, :
, .., , ..(1988):
, :
, .(1979): , :
, . (1983): , :
, .(2007): , :
, .(1990): , , :
, .(1999): , , :
-, .(1985): , , , :
, .(1998): , :
, . (1998): , :
, ., , .(1978): , :
, .(2002): , :
, .(1988): , : ,
, .(2005): . :
122
, .(1988): - , :
,
Biljana . Stojanovi
University of Kragujevac
Faculty of Education in Jagodina
123
124
. -
: 378.147::811.1/.9(497.11)18
: 175688204
: 28. 2010.
: 14. 2010.
( )
: , , ,
( 1905).
: , , , .
19.
. , , , . , 1841.
(18381863), , , 1839. , .
. , . 18041815. , 20. , . ,
, 20. .
, , .
(18381863),
, - : isidora.cekic@gmail.com
125
, , ,
. , ,
, , 1846, 1849. ,
, , . 1851. ,
, .
1853. , : , , - , . - .
, , .
, (18081813), . ,
19. , .
,
.
. , , , ,
.
. , 1873. 1875. ,
, 1863. , 1905. .
,
.
.
. () . , ,
, .
1873, , . ,
1852.
. 1873. 126
( ,
), . , ,
. ,
, . , - , .
1873. , , , , .
.
1863/64.
, ,
1877. .
1875. .
1873. 1905. , , ,
, ,
,
, , .
e , ,
3. . 1832. ,
, . , , , . 1873.
. 1891.
. ,
,
, 1897. .
, , ,
. 1890/91.
,
.
, , ,
,
127
1877. , 1891. .
, , .
. 1880,
, , , 1896. 1900. , . 19. 20.
(18961905), , , ,
.
, , , . , ,
. , 1863. , . , . ,
, . , ,
. , ,
, , , , , , , ,
, ,
.
20. 1873.
,
, ,
.
1884. ,
, , . , .
,
, ,
, , , ,
. ,
, . 128
, , , ,
, .
, ,
.
, , , ,
. , , .
, . . .
1897. , ,
, , ,
, .
. , .
. , 1900. , , I.
, . .
.
, , ,
.
.
, , , .
. ,
, . , ,
.
1890. 1900. - 129
.
, . , , , , , , .
, , , , . , , ,
. , , , , . , ,
, 1916. .
1889. 1890. , , .
. 1897.
, , , , .
, . , , . , . , 1904.
, , , ,
. , ,
,
I.
, 26.
1902. ,
. , ,
, . 1903. , , ,
130
,
, I,
.
, . , .
. .
31. 1904. , , .
1903/04. I
1904. , , ,
20. , , , 21.
, .
(1983): . , ,
VI/2 506.
(1890): . . , .
, 4, 561.
(1931): . , (1700
1850) , 42.
(1867): . . , 1868., a ./. 1867. , . VI
(1867): . , , , . 18, 298.
(1973): . ,
, , XX, 267.
(1985): . , (18201863), , 97.
- (1994): . -,
, 17.0827.08.1994.
131
- (2000): . -, , . - , .
, , . XX, 3153
- (2001): . -, I , 6/12, VI,
- (2005): . -, II, , 10/12, X,
- (2008): . -, ,
, ,
(1965): ., , , 1, 8388
(2000): ., , .
(1884): . , 1884:
, -
(1968): .,
1873. ., 9,144
(1968): ., .
,
150 (1988), 18381988,
300- , 1969.
, ,1859,I, 39; 1863, VII, 1519; 1897, XXVI, 95;
, , 1901,VI,29;
, , 1891,174 175;
, 1916,1917, 1918..
Nada . Krnjai-Ceki
Universitt Belgrad
Maschinenbau Fakultt
FREMDSPRACHEN IN SERBIEN
(BU Vorlufer)
Zusammenfassung: An der Belgrader Velika kola waren seit dem Jahre
1873 nur franzsische Literatur und lateinische Klassiker nach dem damaligen
Lehrplan obligatorisch. Russisch wurde seit dem Jahre 1877 und Deutsch seit dem
1891 am Lektorat fr alle Studierenden an der drei bestehenden Fakultten gelernt.
Die Einfhrung des Englischen blieb als eine einsame und jahrzehntelange nicht
realisierte Idee.
Schlsselwrter: Einfhrung und Vernachlssigung der Fremdsprachen,
Lehrkrfte und ihre Abwechselung, stndige und vorlufige Lehrplne, Lektorat fr
die Studenten an allen Fakultten.
132
: 37.064.2 ; 37.018.32
: 175688716
: 12. 2009.
: 8. 2009.
(TEACHER
EFFECTIVENESS TRAINING
) O
,
: () , .
: , , , , ,
. (, 1976) , ,
, , , , , , , , .
- ,
, . ,
, ,
.
,
,
e-: luccaa@nadlanu.com
133
, - . , ,
.
,
,
, ,
, .
, , e
, ,
( 2007).
,
, ,
( 1974).
, , .
TET (TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS TRAINING
), O
, .
.
, (
2005: 11).
, , , , ( 1995),
.
134
,
,
,
,
/
,
(Teacher
Effectiveness Training
. . .) (Gordon)
(Discipline without Tears)
(Dreikurs)
(Assertive Discipline)
(Canter and Canter)
(Inner Discipline)
(Coloroso)
(Beyond Discipline)
(Kohn)
(Reality Therapy)
(Glasser)
(Positive Discipline)
(Jones)
(Leadership/Punishment
Model)
(Dobson)
(Transactional Analysis)
(Harris)
(Values Clarification)
,
(Simon,
Howe and Kerschenbaum)
(- 2005: 95)
,
: ) , ) , ) , )
,
.
(),
( 2001: 10).
, ,
, ,
,
, , , .
135
. : ,
, ;
, ( 2000: 23). : 1)
; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) 6) .
: Arik, 1994; Barrie, 1984; Faure
& Rubin, 1993; Brandes & Phillips, 1977; Babbitt, Gutlove & Jones, 1994; San
Francisco Program, 1987; Cornelius, Faire & Hall: Chatswood Program; Sheehy,
1988; Nia Azariah, Kern Crotty & Bangel Louise: Cincinnati Program, . Rosenberg ( 2000: 23).
:
(The Bullyung Prevention Program) , (Bully
Proofing Your School), () ,
(Aggression Replacement Training), (Prosocial Curriculum for Aggressive Youth), (Peace Builders), ,
(Good Behavior Game-GBG), (Student ThreatAssessment), . ( 2004: 811). .
(19182002), (P.E.T),
(T.E.T) (L.E.T.), , group-centered leadership, .
, , , , , , ,
, , .
- ().
, () .
136
, , , , , , ,
, , , , .
, , .
, , , , , .
()
( ), , ,
, ,
, ,
, ,
.
: 12
, ,
-. , , .
. , , ( 1998: 34).
137
12
12 Communication Roadblocks
, ,
,
,
,
,
:
. .
1957. . , ,
.
. , . ,
, (
1957: 1).
.
.
( 2003: 1).
-
- , .
. , . 138
, , . .
, , !, , !, !, ?!, , , , , , , -.
, - .
, . ,
, . ,
, , , .
, (
1998: 113).
:
. ,
.
, .
()
, , , , , , . (),
, , , .
.
()
, ,
/ () (Wasmuth 1989).
?
,
,
,
139
,
,
,
,
.
?
1. / ;
2. ;
3. - -;
4. ;
5. / ;
6. ( );
7. ;
8. ;
9. ( 2000: 44).
- ,
( ) ( , , ) (
1998: 136).
-
. ,
, , .
.
, , , ,
. , (
2009).
,
(
), III (No-Lose or Win-Win Conflict Resolution) , :
1.
2.
140
3.
4.
5.
6. ( 1998: 173).
, , III , . ,
.
.
1.
: ,
, . , , . , , , , , .
. . ,
.
: , , !!! ( , , -, ,
. ,
.)
, , .
: , , , !!! ,
?! , ? ! (
,
). . ( : , , , , , )
.
(): , ?! , ?!
(-, , , )
: , ! . , !!!
(-, )
141
: , !!!
(-, )
: .
: , , . ...
(-, , )
, , !!!
(, , ).
( ).
: , . ...
( ).
(, )
, , .
: ! , !!!
(, , )
.
: , !!!
: . ? , ?
, ?
. ? ( ,
o , -)
: , .
, , ...
: . .
. !!!
: . ,
. (-, )
: , , . ...
: , . . . .
: .
: . ! . . , ,
, . ( -, , )
142
143
. . , ,
, : , , ,
,
, - . , - .
,
, , , , , .
, , :
(): , , !
?
, , , .
144
,
( 1998: 223). ,
.
, , . ,
, .
, , ,
.
2.
. .
: .
, , . (-, )
: , ?! , , , ,
.
? ! ...
... , , , .
, .
3.
,
, .
.
( ): ?
: , , , .
?
( , ).
: , .
( ): , .
: ?
: . ,
. 3.00 , . , , .
. ... (-, )
145
: , , .
: , , ,
.
: ().
, , ,
, .
III , , .
,
,
( 1998: 228).
(Teacher Effectiveness Training ) o
, . ()
. , ,
. , . , .
.
, , .
,
, . (Teacher Effectiveness
Training ) o , , , .
(1977): . , , , :
.
146
. (1993): . , . ,
, : .
(1990): . , , : .
(1999): . , , : .
(1991): . , , , .
- (1998): . -, , : .
- (2004): . -, , : .
- (2005): . -, , : .
(1996): . , , : .
(2001): . , , : .
(2007): . , - , Ljubljana: Zbornik povzetkov I mednarodne konference vzgoiteljev dijakih domov
Separat speciale,.
(1997): . , , :
.
-, , , - (2000): .
-, . , . , . -, , : .
(2004): . , , : .
(1973): . , , :
.
(2001): . , , : .
(1985): . , , : .
(2005): . , XXI , : -.
, , (1973): . , . , . , , : -.
Gordon Training International: About Thomas Gordon (2003):
http://www. gordontraining.com/aboutdtg.asp
Gordon Training International: Origins of The Gordon Model (2003):
http://www. gordontraining.com/tgorigins. Asp
Gordon Training International: Our Classroom Philosophy (2003):
http://www. gordontraining.com/schoolphilo. asp
Gordon Training International - Schools Research (2003):
http://www. gordontraining.com /schoolresearch.asp
147
Dragan . Lukic
University of Kragujevac
Faculty of Education in Jagodina
148
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
Ana N. oki-Ostoji
Primary school Sveti Sava
Kragujevac
: 37.033:502/504 ;
316.644-057.874:502/504
: 175689228
: 15. 2010.
: 14. 2010.
149
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
The ecological crisis of the present world can be overcome by activating all
social structures as well as improving ecological and youth education, where
biology curriculum would have significant role in developing the rational attitude
towards nature by respecting its laws ( 2009: 31).
Education is crucial for promotion of sustainable development and
improvement of capability of people to deal with environmental issues as well as
the issue of community development. According to Agenda 21 of UNESCO,
education for sustainable development requires a new vision of education the
one which could help people better understand the world they live in and to turn
to future, knowing that they could play an important role in solving the complex
and interdependent problems which endanger our future, such as environmental
degradation, collapse of the urban environment, population growth etc. Such vision
requires that all parties involved in the educational process teachers, educators,
designers of educational programs, designers of education politics and authors of
educational materials promote the value system as well as the ethics which is,
inter alia, susceptible to the use of natural resources. Teachers role is utterly
important, because only creative and interesting teaching could help students
develop knowledge, skills, values and attitudes leading to better understanding of
the need of environmental preservation (Barazza and Cuaron 2004: 22). For
thorough understanding of nature students need theoretical knowledge which
would help them adjust rapidly to changes in material sphere. Gaining this
knowledge is just one side of what they need to learn and adopt, while the other side
is the application of this theoretical knowledge to every-day life while dealing with
various issues and problems ( 1997: 191).
On a primary school level education is essential in forming students
environmental awareness. Elementary ecological knowledge, which students gain
through curriculum of biology in primary schools, is, by itself, insufficient for
development of environmental awareness. Constitutive elements of environmental
awareness are, beside ecological knowledge, evaluation of environmental
situation and environmental conduct ( 2002: 2122). Since
environmental teaching contents have an important role in development of
responsible attitude towards nature, the significant fact is that some researches
have shown the students do not understand basic ecological terms even after being
taught /studying them. The reason for that lies in a fact that students prejudice,
habits and attitudes towards the environment, which greatly affect studying, are
not considered in the process of creating curricula and teaching materials (Sander
et al. 2006: 119).
Long teaching practice has pointed out that primary school students have
some difficulties adopting ecology curriculum in elementary schools in Serbia,
primarily the part related to characteristics of different ecosystems and their
protection. In International research of students achievements in the field of
ecology, TIMSS 2003, in the cognitive area of analysis and reasoning, our students
150
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
151
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
16%
8%
33%
1%
4%
yes
ocassionally
it is relatively important
rarely
22%
never
29%
0%
5%
21%
7% 1%
3%
yes
it should be preserved to
some extent
to some extent
no
I don't think about that
74%
89%
Picture 01-a
0%
3%
9%
11%
20%
yes
22%
partly
no
2% 4%
20%
28%
17%
yes
yes
partly
18%
sometimes
no
very rarely
34%
never
77%
Picture 01-b
152
yes
partly
no
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
8%
11%
7%
32%
7%
30%
yes
yes
partly
partly
no
no
49%
5%
yes
12%
3%
11%
maybe
33%
no
15%
34%
50%
I am not interested in that at
all
17%
Picture 01-c
10%
13%
yes
27%
sometimes
no
50%
Picture 01-d
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
television shows and articles on environmental issues are rare in our media, except
when the ecological incidents are the case, these students attitudes represent the
alarming indicator and they point out the necessity for greater presence of
environmental issues in all media as well as for the inclusion of local ecological
issues and problems into teaching materials.
Survey results point out the fact that teaching programs greatly face the need
for checking their efficiency in practice, since education is considered to be the
key element for improvement of pro-ecological behavior. In the research of Bogner
(2003: 1), test results of students attitudes related to: nature protection, use of
natural resources, set of beliefs about nature as beliefs in themselves, managing and
preserving the nature by keeping the ecological balance, the investments into
preservation of ecosystems and non-destructive ecological way of life considering
the restricted resources of planet Earth showed, with no exception, that under the
educational influence, the attitudes of all the students changed to a great extent.
Developed attitudes towards the environment include connecting the short-term /
present behavior to the long-term / pro-ecological one, in the process of environmental preservation and protection. However, attitudes towards the environment
also include different interests (personal, social, economical, etc.) and referring
objects. Leeming et al. (1993, according to Manzanal t al. 1999: 450) conclude
that it isnt clearly defined which attitudes should be taken as the most significant,
and that there isnt a consensus among different programs, school or non-school,
whose aim is to develop and evaluate attitudes towards the environment. Even
though, according to the research of Kaiser et. al (1999: 1), ecological attitudes
present powerful predictor of ecological behavior, there has been a lack of single
concept of desirable ecological attitudes. Also, a great amount of research (Kaiser
1999., Barraza at all 2003, Barrett 2006.) point out that, on a general level, there
is no measurable match of ecological attitudes and ecological behavior.
Ecological behavior can be considered from two aspects. The first aspect is
the intention that the student/individual behaves ecologically in every situation,
while the second aspect is students behavior when he is beyond the control of
institutions and other people. One of the important assignments of ecological
education in our country is to promote, through teaching programs and methods,
pro-ecological behavior out of the institutions and control, according to the
principles of sustainable development.
CONCLUSIONS
One of the existential challenges for citizens in 21st century is keeping the
abilities in harmonious coexistence with surroundings. Students who understand
their surroundings and who have acquired abilities for appropriate thinking, will be
able to assess and evaluate changes happening in it, and, as a result, they will
acquire behavior based on environmental laws.
156
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
Barret (2006): Mary Jeanne Barret, Education for the environment: action
competence, becoming, and story, Environmental Education Research, Vol. 12,
Nos. 34, London: Taylor & Francis, 503511.
Bogner (2003): Franz X. Bogner, Values, attitudes, achievement and ecology
education, ESERA 2003, 13. Retrived in November 2009 from
http://www1.phys.uu.nl/esera2003/programme/pdf%5C100S.pdf
de arden (2006): de arden D.R., Ekoloka etika, Uvod u ekoloku
filozofiju; etvrto izdanje. Beograd: Slubeni glasnik.
(1997): ,
, : .
Hini, Gendall, Kearns (1995): Dean Hini, Philip Gendall and Zane Kearns,
The Link between Environmental Attitudes and Behaviour, Article 3., Marketing
Bulletin, 6, 2231.
Humston, Ortiz-Barney (2007): Robert Humston and Elena Ortiz-Barney,
Evaluating course impact on student environmental values in undergraduate
ecology with a novel survey instrument. Teaching Issues and Experiments in
Ecology, 5, 130. Retrived in Decembeer 2009 from
http://tiee.ecoed.net/vol/v5/research/humston/article.html
Kaiser, Wolfing, Fuhrer (1999): Florian G. Kaiser, Sybille Wolfing and Urs
Fuhrer, Environmental attitudes and ecological behavior, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, Academic Press 119.
Manzanal, Barreiro, Jimnez (1999): Fernndez R. Manzanal, Rodrguez
L.M. Barreiro, Casal M. Jimnez, Relationship between Ecology Fieldwork and
Student Attitudes toward Environmental Protection, Journal of research in science
teaching, 36 (4), John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 431453.
Meinhold, Malkus. (2005): Jana L. Meinhold and Amy J. Malkus, Adolescent Environmental Behaviors, Environment and Behavior, 37 (4), Sage Journals,
511532.
(2002): ,
, XL (4), : , 1926.
Peacock (2006): Alan Peacock, Changing Minds The lasting impact of
school trip, 147. Retrived in January 2010 from
http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-schools-guardianships-changing_minds.pdf
Sander, Jelemensk, Kattmann (2006): Elke Sander, Patrcia Jelemensk and
Ulrich Kattmann, Towards a better understanding of ecology, Educational Reconstruction, 40 (3), 119123.
, (2009):
, , : .
, , , (2005): , , . :
2003 ( . .), :
.
158
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
. -
,
: . , ,
.
.
2003 ,
. 180 7. ,
, .
.
,
. .
.
.
.
,
.
: , , , .
159
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149159
Survey / Questionnaire
Questions
Possible answers
a) yes
b) ocassionally
c) rarely
d) never
a) yes
b) to some extent
c) no
d) I don't think about that
a) yes
b) partly
c) no
d) I don't think about that
a) yes
b) partly
c) no
d) I don't think about that
a) yes
b) partly
c) no
d) I don't think about that
) yes
b) sometimes
c) very rarely
d) never
a) yes
b) partly
c) no
d) I don't think about that
a) yes
b) partly
c) no
d) I don't think about that
a) yes
b) maybe
c) no
d) I am not interested in that at all
160
oki Ostoji A., Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary School...; 2010, VII/1, . 149161
Questions
Possible answers
a) yes
b) sometimes
c) no
d) I am not interested in that
161
162
M.
: 371.3::78 ; 159.947.5
: 175689740
: 2. 2009.
: 14. 2010.
: , , . ,
, , . ,
. ,
. , , ,
, .
.
, ,
: , ,
, , .
: , , .
, ,
. ,
.
, ,
.
:
,
;
-: ivana.milic75@gmail.com
163
;
.
:
;
, ;
, ;
;
, . ;
.
:
;
;
, ;
(
);
;
;
.
. ( )
( ) , ,
.
, ,
.
, , .
,
,
.
, 164
, ,
. , , , .
, . , , . ,
.
:
, , ,
,
,
,
, .
: ,
,
, .
.
,
, (
) : , , , , ,
.
, .
: , , , , , , . : , ,
( ). 165
, . ,
, ,
,
.
.
, IV ( , ). ,
, ( , , ). ,
, ,
.
.
,
, ,
.
.
, , ,
, , , , .
. , .
, . ,
. .
,
, ,
.
166
,
, . ,
, , .
, . ,
,
. ,
, , , .
. (J. B. Watson)
, .
, ,
. , , .
(E. L. Thorndike)
. , (E. R.
Gatri) .
. , ,
. (E. C. Tolman), , , .
. ,
.
, . (B. F. Skinner)
. .
, 167
, , . , ,
, .
() . , (J. Piaget),
. ,
. ,
, , ,
.
, . (J. S. Bruner)
,
( ) . , , .
, ,
.
,
, , , ,
. , ,
, .
, ,
.
, . ,
, , ,
. , , , . () , , ,
, , .
. ,
, ,
. , , . 168
, , , . () , ,
, .
.
, .
, , , . , .
, ,
,
, , .
,
. , , , ,
, , .
. , , ,
, ,
. ,
. ,
, .
.
,
.
, . , , , ,
, , , .
169
, , ,
. , , , , : , , , ,
.
, . (2000): , , .
, . , . (2001): ,
, .
, . (1997): ,
, .
, . , . (1979): , .
, . (1981): , ,
.
, . (1991): , , .
, . . (1982): , , .
, . (1991): , .
, . (1970): , , .
, . (1990): , , .
, . (2005): , , .
, . (1987): , .
, . (1999): 2, , .
, . (2007): , , .
170
Ivana M. Mili
University of Kragujevac
Faculty of Education in Jagodina
171
172
.
,
: 796.012.62:796.92
: 175690252
: 22. 2009.
: 14. 2010.
KO
: e
.
. . , ,
.
. , .
, .
: , , , , .
1.
.
.
. . 19. , . , ,
.
, , . ,
e-: eradragojle@gmail.com
173
, . .
-, -.
:
, .
, , , . .
, ,
, ,
, . , , ( ).
, , , ,
.
. . . .
2.
.
. , ,
. , , .
, , , . : , , , , /3, 4,5/.
, .
.
(8090%) , , . ,
. 174
, 3040% .
,
.
/3, 4/.
, , .
,
. .
/1, 2/.
3.
, ,
, .
.
- :
(, , )
.
1.
: ,
.
175
: .
: 57 35 .
2.
:
.
: .
: 1015 35 .
3.
:
. ,
.
: .
: 3060 510 3060 .
176
: 90
.
: .
: 3060 510
3060 .
5.
: .
: , .
: 2060 35
.
177
: .
: , .
: 2060 3
5 .
7.
:
,
.
: , .
: 2060 35
.
178
: .
.
: .
: 816 35 .
9.
: ,
, .
: .
: 812 35 .
179
:
, .
: .
: 3060 710
3060 .
4.
, .
1530 .
11.
: , . .
180
,
.
: .
: 2030 35 .
12.
:
. .
: .
: 1530 35 .
13.
: , ,
181
90 .
, .
.
.
: .
: 1530 35 .
14.
:
. .
: .
: 1530 35
5.
-, . .
,
-.
,
.
, , .
. 182
.
.
, . . , ,
, , , , ,
,
.
Dragojle K. Bozic
Primary school: Miodrag Milovanovi Lune Karan, Uzice
183
184
185
186
: 37.016:811.163.41(075.2)
: 175691020
: 12 2010.
: 14. 2010.
, , Klett,
2009, 143 .; , -, , Klett, , 2009, 131 .
0.
,
- ( , 5109. . , 109131. .). (, , )
, , , .
1. 143 , , ,
,
. , . , , , . ,
, , , . ,
: (. 6).
1.1. ,
(
)1,
1 12.1.2010. , :
http://www.mp.gov.rs/propisi/propis.php?id=137, : .
e-: ilijana.cutura@gmail.com
187
(. 113)
(. 133).
2. : , , . : , , , , ,
, , . , , , , ,
.
: , , , (), ,
, , , - ,
,
(), ,
, , ., ().
2.1. , ,
.
. ,
.
().
, ,
( ,
. 5370). , -
.
, : . , ,
. ! ( +, , + .).
: (
) ,
, :
! ! (. 65).
:
188
: . :
? ( , . 53).
, . : 1. 2.
, 3. ( +, +, +,
+, + ).
, - ,
.
, , ( ) .
2.2. , ,
. , ,
, .
( ,
(86); 81. : , , ,
, .
2.3. 115. 142. , , . ,
. ,
.
, , ,
. ,
, , , ., .
3.
. , , . 189
, , ,
.
.
.
, , , (. : , . , ?
! ( , . 24)), (. ! : , , , ) .
,
, .
-, , ().
, , , , , .
3.1. , , , , . ,
(,
-,
) . , , . (. 25) ,
( ); . . ( ) ;
( , . 84), .
(. 31).
4. ,
, , , . ,
, , ,
, .
190
,
, .
,
, .
191
192
: 821.163.41.09-93-344(049.32)
: 175691532
: 20. 2010.
: 14. 2010.
, , Bookland, , 2009.
, , :
.
2009. . , ,
,
, .
,
.
, , .
, , , , ,
, .
, .
:
, , , , .
-,
, e-: ucfaxvranje@yahoo.com
193
, . , , , , , , , ,
, . ,
, :
. , .
, , .
, . , ,
, . ( , 5).
, .
, , , , . : ,
, , ,
.
, , ,
, -,
, , , ,
. ,
, , , , . , : , .
.
. , , .
, , , . ( , 37).
. ,
, . , , ,
, ,
.
, . , .
, . , , .
, . . . . , .
194
. . ( , 67).
, , , , , .
, - , .
: , , , , . , .
. , ,
.
,
, , , .
. , , . ,
. : ,
, . ( ,
55) , , : .
. . . ( , 45) : . , , . , .
. ( , 229)
, . ,
,
, .
- . , , .
. , .
, : . ,
195
. :
, , : .
, . , , , , , .
(, 78)
.
, .
,
. - , , . ,
. . : . , . . , , . ( , 66)
. , ,
, , , , .
. , , ,
, , .
, ,
, . .
196
: 001.81
: 175692044
: 11. 2010.
: 14. 2010.
: , (
), , , 2008, 168 .
, , .
,
-
.
,
, . , ,
:
(2000), , , (2004), , (1999), , (2005), , , (2007), .
2008. ( ). , ,
( 2008: 167).
. , ( ).
: : , , ,
, , , ,
, . ,
e-: dusan.ristanovic@pefja.kg.ac.rs
197
, .
, : , ,
. , ,
, 1.
, ( 2008: 10).
, , .
: ( 2008: 14).
, ,
. .
. , : 1. (), 2.
, 3. 4. ( 2008: 17).
, ,
, . , . ,
. , : , , 2
( 2008: 20). : ,
, (, , 2007: 116).3
1
. .
.
3 : (,
2
2007).
198
, , .
, .
.
: 1. , 2. , 3.
, 4. , 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. 9.
.
,
, .
.
,
,
.
e , . , , (
) ( ) ,
. ()
. .
,
,
. , :
, COBISS KoBSON ,
URL .
, , .
.
199
. : ? ? ? ? :
, , , , , (
2008: 83).
, .
.
.
, ( , ,
) ( ,
, ) .
. ,
.
.
(2008). ,
: 1) , 2) , 3) 4) , .
, :
, ( 2008: 110).
, ,
, ,
, ...
, , , , , .
,
200
(, , 2007: 90-91).
, (, , 2007: 287),
.
, , ,
(, ). ,
. , ,
.
, .
,
.
, : ,
. . , (
) () ( , , 2007: 204).
, . , , (, , , ,
, , LA, APA, AMA, ACS, IEEE .). ,
LA (Modern Language Association).
-
: , .
, . . , :
( )
201
.
, , , . ( )
( , , ),
(
2008: 141).
.
, : 4 (2129,5cm),
Times New Roman, 30 60
, (double), ( 4 cm).
( )
, , , .
, . ,
, ,
. ,
, .
, .
, , ,
. ,
, , , , .
.
,
,
, , .
202
, , ,
, . , ,
, , .
, .
,
.
, .
, .
, , ,
.
, , .
, ,
,
, :
-, .
,
.
.
. CD- . .
.
.
203
Microsoft Word,
Times New Roman 12 , , 1,5 .
( 30000 ), 1/3
( 10000 ) , , 1/5
( 28003600 ).
() .
.
( ),
.
()
()
, .
( ,
, ,
).
.
.
-
. , , .
()
A
.
, ,
.
100 250
(, .) ,
.
204
, , . . 1/10 .
, .
10. , .
1.
: ( : )
: (): , , :
.
(1999): ,
e, : .
(2008): Noam omski, Hegemonija ili opstanak, Novi Sad: Rubikon.
(1968): Noam Chomsky, Langage and Mind, Harcourt, Brace and
World: New York.
2.
: ( : )
: (): , ,
/, , : , .
, (2009): , ,
, , XIV/12, :
, 325345.
. ,
. 1999, 1999...
.
205
: (, , 1973)
: , , (1973): Dragutin Frankovi, Branko Raki, Mladen Vilotijevi, Vaspitni rad u domovima, Beograd: Delta pres.
,
., /.
, .
Web
, , (),
, , : Mercer, S. (2008): Learner Self-beliefs ELT
Journal 2008 62(2): 182183. Retrieved in January 2009 from
http://eltj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/62/2/182
,
(, , )
( ).
.
. ,
. ,
( , )
.
,
. .
.
.
206
19,
14,
CIP
,
37+82
: ,
, /
.
2003, [. 1] (). (
14) :
, 2003 ( : o ).
24 cm
(19391940) (19601970)
ISSN 1451-673X = ()
COBISS. SR-ID 110595084
207