Some simple sentences -1 Let us start with a few simple sentences with simple verbs and subjects.

Verb changes with the form of the subject. In Sanskrit, the root form of a verb is called dhatu. For example the root for the verb read is 'path ( )'.

The dhatu ( gender.

) then takes different forms based on the number, tenses and the

person form of the subject in a sentence. But not takes different forms in

Lets us see how 'path' dhatu (

) takes different forms in some cases.

Let's say you want to ask, who is reading referring a girl (feminine) . Then you say ' kaa pathati? ( ?)'. Here 'kaa' ( ) means who in a feminine form. The verb path ( ) becomes pathati ( ).

If you want to ask the same question in a masculine form that would be 'kaha pathati ( ). Here 'kaha' ( ) means who in a masculine form. But notice that the verb pathati ( ) remains the same.

When you say, You read, that would be 'tvam pathasi ( means You. Please note that the verb pathbecomes pathasi (

)' Here 'tvam ( ).

When you say, I read, that would be 'aham pathaami ( ) means I. And path dhatu (

)' Here 'aham ( ).

) takes the form of pathami (

In order to know more about tenses please navigate here.

Similarly, lets make some more sentences using different dhatus.

Seeta plays. 'Seeta kreedati ( you play. 'tvam kreedasi ( I play. ' aham kreedaami ( )' )'

)'

Alex says. ' Alexha vadati ( You say. 'tvam vadasi ( I say. 'aham vadaami ( )' )'

)'

This person (referring to he) sits. 'eshaha upavishati ( You sit. 'tvam upavishasi ( I sit. 'aham upavishaami ( )' )'

)'

Now you got the drift. Now you know how to make very simple sentences using very simple words. Experiment with your own words if you like. Good luck!

Some simple sentences -2 Here let us try to make some more simple sentences. Let's try to ask simple questions using the word 'when' and try to use simple sentences to answer them. The word 'kadaa ( ) ' gives the meaning when. Let's say you would like to ask when does Alex go? That would be, 'Alexaha kadaa gachchati? ( )?'

Let us say, Alex goes at 7 o'clock. That would be, 'Alexaha saptavaadane gachchati (

)'

Let us try some more sentences.

When does Seeta read? 'Seeta kadaa pathati? ( )

Seeta reads at half past three. 'Seetaa saardha trivaadane pathati (

When do they play? ' taaha kada kreedanti? ( They play at 8 o'clock. ' taaha ashtavaadane kreedanti (

)?' )'

When do I write? ' aham kada likhami? ( )

?)'

I write at quarter to eleven. ' aham paadona ekaadashavaadane likhaami (

When do you go? 'tvam kada gachchasi? ( You go at 2 0'clock 'tvam dvi vaadane gachchasi (

)?' )

When do you get up? 'bhavan kada uttishthati? ( You (masculine) get up at 6:10. ' bhavan dashaadhika shadvaadane uttishthati ( )

)?'

When is your dance? 'bhavatyaaha nartanam kada asti? (

)?'

Your (feminine) dance is at 5:35. 'bhavatyaaha nartanam panchaadhika saardha panchavaadane asti ( )

When does he write? ' saha kada likhati? ( He writes in the evening. 'saha saankaale likhati (

)?' )

That's about different situations where you can ask question using the word 'kada ( )' In addition to that you have also learned how to refer the time at different instances. And I am sure you have also noticed masculine and feminine forms of the pronoun you, changing bhavan ( ) andbhavatyaha( ). Now, that is a good start. Try to make as many sentences as you would like using these new words that you have learned. Play with the words and I am sure you will find it fun. Some simple sentences -3 We often use in our sentences words like today, tomorrow and day after tomorrow whenever we referring to a day. So, let us try to learn such kind of words in Sanskrit.

Let us start with simple ones. Let us say you want to say, today is friday. That would be in Sanskrit 'adya shukravaasaraha ' where, adya ( ) means today and shukravaasarha ( ) means Friday.

How about saying tomorrow is saturday? Of course it has to be saturday tomorrow if it is Friday today! Tomorrow is Saturday. ' shvaha shanivaasaraha ( That makes the day after tomorrow a Sunday after all! Day after tomorrow is Sunday. 'parashvaha bhaanuvaasaraha ( ) )

What about coming Monday then? A day after the day after tomorrow? The day after day after tomorrow is Monday. 'praparashavaha somavaasaraha ( )

By the way, we haven't learned yet how to refer yesterday yet, have we? That would be 'hyaha' ( ). )

Yesterday was Thursday. 'hyaha guruvaasarha ( That's enough for now. You have learnt hyaha (yesterday),

adya (today), shvaha (tommorow), parashvaha (day after tomorrow) and praparashavaha (day after the day after tomorrow) all at once. Similarly day before yesterday is parahyaha ( ) and day before the day before yesterday
is praparahyaha ( ) in sanskrit.

Go use it in your own sentences. The whole sentence does not necessarily be in Sanskrit. Use these words along with the words with the language that you are comfortable with. Learning is a great experience. It's lot of fun. It's not just about what we learn but it's all about how much fun that our brain cells get during the process. Some simple sentences -4 Let us learn how to make simple sentences using simple words such as who, he and she. In Sanskrit the words 'eshaha' ( ) and 'saha' ( ) both means 'he'. However eshaha ( ) can be used in the context where you use the ) reffering to that one. word he, meaning broadly, this one and similarly saha (

'Who' is 'kaha' (

) in masculine form and kaa (

) in feminine form.

Let us now try to use this words in simple sentences. It really is very simple. You just add the respective words together. That's all. Who is he (this one)? 'eshaha kaha? ?'

Who is he (that one)? 'shaha kaha?

?'

Who is she (this one)? 'eshaa kaa?

?'

Who is she (that one)? 'saa kaa?

?'

There we go! And you might want to know how one will answer these questions. Let us say, you are asking, who he is referring to Alex. Then the answer is 'he is Alex', which would be saha Alexha ( ). When you are referring to Seeta, who she is, that would be esha Seetaa ( ).

Please note that in these simple sentences, how words such as eshaha (

),

saha ( ) and Alexaha (

as Seetaa ( ), eshaa (

), words ending with '-ha' are masculine, where ) and saa ( ), those ending with '-aa' are feminine.

Alright. Let us now learn few more simple words and how to use them in simple sentences.

The word etat ( word kim (

) means, 'this or it'. And, tat (

) means, 'that'. The

) means 'what'.

What is this or what is it? would be 'etat kim? What is that? would be 'tat kim? ?'

?'

Let us say, you answer to these by saying this is book. That would be 'etat pustakam'.

Please note that the words 'kim' ( same suffix '-m'.

) and 'pustakam' (

) ending with the

You will later learn in detail why so, under the section of Grammar. We have learned the meaning of the word kutra ( interrogative words. Kutra ( like atra ( ), tatra ( simple sentences. Atra( ), sarvatra ( ), in the lesson simple ), and use them in )

) means 'where'. Let us learn few more words ) and anyatra ( ) means 'there'. Sarvatra (

) means 'here'. Tatra (

means 'everywhere'. And anyatra (

) means 'somewhere'.

Alexaha kutra asti? (

)? meaning 'where is Alex?' can be ). That means 'there is

answered by saying alexaha tatra asti (

Alex' or 'Alex is there'. Or let us say, 'Alex is here'. That would be alexaha atra asti ( ).

We have learned before that the word na ( ) is used for negation. Let us say, you would like to say 'Alex is not there'. In that case, we use the word naasti ( ) which is the combination of the word na ( ) and asti ( ). You would say, alexaha tatra naasti. ( ). This means 'Alex is not there; He is somewhere'. The word anyatra ( Sanskrit. ) is used to translate the word 'somewhere' from English to ). Further, you can also say alexaha tatra naasti ( ); saha anyatra asti (

The word vaa ( ) is usually used at the end of the sentence in order to make that sentence nearly a question. For example 'Alex is there, isn't he'? can be translated in Sanskrit to alexaha tatra asti vaa? ( )? you can answer this question by saying aam alexaha tatra asti ( sentence. ) if Alex is there. The word aam is an affirmative word used in the beginning of the

The word sarvatra ( word sarvatra ( Vaayuhu (

) means 'everywhere'. We can use the ) means 'Air is everywhere'.

) while translating the sentence 'Air is every where' in

Sanskrit. Vaayuhu sarvatra asti ( ) means 'air'.

Try to make simple sentences yourself using these simple words you have learned so far and I assure you it is going to be really fun. We have learned so far many simple words such as He, She, It, I, You and simple verbs those can be used along with these words. We have learned to use these words in simple sentences. We will further learn how to make simple conversations in later sections.