Calorimetry

Learning Target: What is calorimetry? How does a calorimeter work?

What is Calorimetry?
Calorimetry study of heat flow and heat

measurement. Calorimetry experiments determines the heat/ enthalpy changes of reactions by making accurate measurements of temperature changes in a calorimeter.

Heat capacity & Specific Heat

Calorie The amount of heat or energy needed

to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1 C Heat capacity the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the object by 1C. (depends on mass and composition of the object). Specific heat (C) Heat capacity of 1g of a substance.

Heat & Temperature

Transfer of heat can be measured by change

in temp. A small change in temperature does not always mean that a small quantity of heat was transferred. A small change in temperature can be produced by a large quantity of heat in an object with high heat capacity.

Calorimeter
A calorimeter is an

insulated device used for measuring the amount of heat absorbed or released in a chemical reaction or physical process.

 The temperature of the water is taken before

the reaction takes place, and it is recorded as the initial temperature Ti. The final temperature of water is recorded at Tf. Heat changes in the calorimeter are denoted as q.

 Since the reaction takes place in water, water

acts as the surrounding. Heat changes in the water are called qsurr while heat changes in the reaction are called qrxn. The heat transferred between the reaction and the surrounding are opposite processes. Therefore qrxn = -qsurr

 The amount of heat absorbed/ released in

water is determined using the mass of water m, specific heat of water C, and change in water temperature. qsurr = m x C x (Tf Ti)

Example!!
When 4.25g of NH4NO3 is dissolved in 60.0g

of water, the temperature drops from 21C to 16.9C. Find the H for the solution process.