One-Way Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test : SPSS

Suppose we wish to test the null hypothesis that Karl Wuensch gives equal num ers of !"s# $"s# C"s# %"s# and F"s as final grades in his undergraduate statistics classes& The o served frequencies are' !' (# $' )*# C' +,# %' -,# F' -,& The data are entered into S.SS li/e this'

%o not enter the values of the categorical varia le as alphanumeric data& 0f you so# S.SS will refuse to do the analysis& Code the categories numerically and then la el those values li/e this'

1ow tell S.SS to weight the cases y Count& Clic/ %ata# Weight Cases# Weight Cases $y Count&

OK& Clic/ !naly2e# 1onparametric Tests# Chi-square& Scoot Grade into the Test 3aria le 4ist& $y default S.SS will use all categories and will test the hypothesis that the counts are# in the population# uniformly distri uted across categories&

Copyright ),,+# Karl 4& Wuensch - !ll rights reserved&

OK&
Grade F % C $ ! Total O served 1 -, -, +, )* ( -,, Test Statistics Chi-Square a df !symp& Sig& Grade (+&(,, * &,,, 78pected 1 ),&, ),&, ),&, ),&, ),&, 9esidual --,&, --,&, 6,&, *&, --*&,

a& , cells :&,;< have e8pected frequencies less than +& The minimum e8pected cell frequency is ),&,&

We re=ect the hypothesis that the counts are uniformly distri uted across the categories# ):*# N > -,,< > (+&(, p ? &,,-& 0f you wanted to restrict the range of the categories tested :for e8ample# testing the hypothesis that $"s# C"s# and %"s are equally li/ely<# you would do so y specifying the lowest and highest category values to e tested in the @78pected 9angeA o8&

OK&
Frequencies Grade O served 1 78pected 1 -, )B&, +, )B&, )* )B&, B*

) 6 Total

Category % C $

9esidual --B&, ))&, -*&,

Test Statistics Chi-Square a df !symp& Sig& Grade )C&*)C ) &,,,

a& , cells :&,;< have e8pected frequencies less than +& The minimum e8pected cell frequency is )B&,&

Suppose you wish to test the null hypothesis that Karl Wuensch gives twice as many C"s as $"s# twice as many $"s as !"s# =ust as many %"s as $"s# and =ust as many F"s as !"s and the o served frequencies are as efore& Dnder this null hypothesis# given a total N of -,,# the e8pected frequencies are' -,# ),# *,# ),# and -,& 0 enter these e8pected frequencies in the @78pected 3aluesA o8'

OK&

Grade F % C $ ! Total O served 1 -, -, +, )* ( -,, 78pected 1 -,&, ),&, *,&, ),&, -,&, 9esidual &, --,&, -,&, *&, -*&,

Test Statistics Chi-Square a df !symp& Sig& Grade C&C,, * &,*)

a& , cells :&,;< have e8pected frequencies less than +& The minimum e8pected cell frequency is -,&,&

We re=ect the stated hypothesis# # ):*# N > -,,< > C&C, p > &,*)& .lease note that there are a lot of 0nternet stats programs that will do such a chisquare goodness of fit test& For e8ample# you could use the program at 3assar'

9eturn to my S.SS 4essons page Eore 4essons on the $inomial and Chi-Square %istri utions 4etters From Former Students -- some continue to use my online lessons when they go on to doctoral programs Copyright ),,+# Karl 4& Wuensch - !ll rights reserved&