O SUY HAO THEO PHNG PHAP QUANG DOI

5.1. Muc ch 5.2. Gii thieu cho sinh vien phng phap o suy hao theo phng phap quang doi. S dung may o quang doi OTDR. anh gia anh hng cua cac thong so o cua may o OTDR en ket qua o Phan tch cac ket qua o c t may o OTDR. Xac nh iem t cung nh cac s co xay ra tren tuyen quang. Quy trnh o suy hao theo phng phap quang doi.

Yeu Cau Trc khi thc hien bai nay, oi hoi sinh vien phai hoan tat cac hoc phan sau: C S Ky Thuat Thong Tin Quang. Sinh vien can thc hien hien ay u phan chuan b bai nha. Sau khi lam xong bai thc hanh nay, sinh vien phai nop mot bai bao cao theo noi dung ma giao vien hng dan e ra.

5.3.

Noi Dung Chuan B Bai Nha

5.3.1. Quy trnh o suy hao theo phng phap quang doi [2]. 5.3.5. Nguyen ly hoat ong cua may o quang doi OTDR [1]. 5.3.5. Cac thong so ky thuat cua may o OTDR - Cac thong so nay can c hieu chnh nh the nao khi o [1], [2], [3]. 5.3.4. Trnh bay cach xac nh iem t cua si quang? iem t cua si quang co trung vi iem t cua cap quang khong? [1], [2]. 5.3.5. o phan giai cua may o OTDR la g? Vung chet (Deadzone) cua may o OTDR la g? Cach xac nh o phan giai va deadzone cua may o OTDR? [1], [2], [3]. 5.3.6. Cach xac nh loai, khoang cach va suy hao cua cac loai s co khac nhau xay ra tren tuyen quang [1], [2]. 5.4 5.4.1 Noi Dung Thc Hanh va Bao Cao Phan Tch Ket Qua o Lam quen vi chng trnh x ly ket qua o theo phng phap o quang doi bang may o OTDR .

5.4.1.a. Muc ch: -

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oc va x ly c cac ket qua o: thc hien tren may o OTDR (he thong FBT-400) hoac tren may tnh PC da tren chng trnh ng dung Toolbox. Phan tch ket qua o che o lam viec : Work on Results (offline)

5.4.1.b. Cac bc thc hien: Truy xuat ket qua o c lu trong bo nh: 1. Khi ong chng trnh Toolbox 2. Chon che o lam viec Work on Results (offline) 3. Chon OTDR 4. Truy xuat ket qua o c lu trong cac file *.trc trong bo nh: Storage Recall Main File Chon th muc va file can truy xuat (thng co dang *.trc) OK Sau khi thc hien cac bc tren, ket qua o can x ly se c hien tren ca so lam viec.

Lu y: Ngoai cac file co format .trc cua Exfo, Toolbox con cho phep m cac file lu khac cua Bellcore (.sor) hay ASCII (*.asc). 5.4.1.c. Xem va x ly ket qua o: Ket qua o th cua tuyen quang co the c xem thong qua ac tuyen suy hao (Trace) va bang s co (Event Table) c bieu dien tren ca so lam viec (y ngha cua cac ky hieu va cach x ly ket qua o a c trnh bay trong phan gii thieu thiet b). Chon Report e ghi chu va bao cao ket qua o. Lu ket qua: Sau khi a xem va x ly, ket qua o co the c in ra (Quick Save) hoac lu tr file theo hai cach: Quick Save (lu nhanh vao th muc hien tai) va Storage ( Store File Chon v tr th muc muon lu OK).

5.4.1.d. Thc hanh va bao cao: Lan lt m cac file Fiber AB.trc, Fiber BA.trc, 3 Lambda.trc va Merged.trc, xem va tra li cac cau hoi sau: a. Bc song anh sang co anh hng en ket qua o (khoang cach, suy hao va so lng cac s kien ) khong? Giai thch. b. Bc song anh sang nao se c la chon khi o? c. Ket qua o theo hai chieu cua si quang co khac nhau hay khong? Tai sao? Ket qua o c x ly nh the nao? d. Khoang cach toi thieu co the phan biet c cac s co ke nhau la bao nhieu?

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e. Echo la g? Echo co anh hng an suy hao cua toan tuyen quang hay khong? Lam sao e xac nh s co nao la echo? 5.4.2 o Th Tuyen Quang Theo Che o Auto Mode Thc hanh o th tuyen quang theo che o Auto Mode Xac nh cac loai s co xay ra tren tuyen quang. Bao ket ket qua o.

5.4.2.a Muc ch: -

5.4.2.b. Mo hnh tuyen quang gia lap:

H4

H1

H2

H3

C1 Hnh 5.1. Mo hnh gia lap tuyen cap quang.

Mot tuyen quang gia lap c thc hien nh tren hnh ve. Tuyen quang nay (dai L) c ket noi bi 2 cuon si quang co chieu dai la L1 va L2. Tren tuyen quang nay co nhng v tr si quang c han (ky hieu H1, H2, ) va ket noi bang connector (ky hieu C1, C2). Trong bai thc hanh nay chung ta se s dung may o OTDR (o theo hai chieu A B va t B A) e xac nh cac s co xay ra tren tuyen va khoang cach tnh t may o (A hoac B) cua cac s co nay nh the nao? 5.4.2.c. Cac bc thc hien: Ket noi tuyen quang can o vi may o OTDR. Khi ong may o va chng trnh x ly. Chon che o Auto mode: t ca so chnh chon Setup Mode Auto Mode. Chuyen nut Enable Current Trace Settings Editing sang On hoac Off e co the thay oi cac thong so cai at cua may o. Chon bc song o1310nm hay 1550nm: t ca so chnh chon OTDR Test Wavelength. Click vao nut Start hay F8 e bat au o. Quan sat nhng thay oi tren man hnh may o qua trnh o.

Thi gian e may o tien hanh o th phu thuoc vao viec anh gia cac ac tnh cua si quang (o rong xung, khoang cach o va thi gian o toi u). Thi gian khi au nay khoang 5s. Thi gian con lai (Remain Time) se c hien th tren phan Status.
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Ngi s dung co the ngng viec o th bang cach nhan nut Stop hoac F8. Khi o, may o se hien th tat ca cac ket qua o ghi nhan c ti thi iem b gian oan. Bang cach quan sat hnh ve va bang s kien, ghi nhan ket qua o c vao bang bao cao. Lu y: neu viec ket noi khong c thc tot, mot bang canh bao se hien ra thong bao nhng loi co the xay ra. Kiem tra lai viec ket noi va nhan Start e tien hanh o lai. 5.4.2.d. Thc hanh va bao cao: Ghi nhan cac thong so o nh: khoang cach (Distance), o ro xung (Pulse Width), thi gian o (Acquisition Time), bc song anh sang (Wavelength), mc ngng (Threshold). 1. Tien hanh o t A B, ghi ket qua o c vao bang ket qua. 2. Tien hanh o t BA, ghi ket qua o c vao bang ket qua. 3. Nhan xet ve ket qua o? Ket qua o theo hai chieu A B va t B A co giong nhau hay khac nhau? Ket qua cuoi cung c x ly nh the nao? 5.4.3 o Th Tuyen Quang Theo Che o Advanced Mode Thc hanh o th tuyen quang theo che o Advanced Mode. Xac nh cac loai s xay ra tren tuyen quang. Phan tch Anh hng cua cac thong so o cua may o OTDR ( Pulse Width, Distance, Acquisition Time ) va cac thong so cua si quang (IOR, RBS, Helix Factor) en ket qua o.

5.4.3.a. Muc ch: -

5.4.3.a. Mo hnh tuyen quang gia lap: Tuyen quang gia lap c dung giong nh trong bai thc hanh 5.5.2 (hnh ). 5.4.3.b. Cac bc thc hien: 1. Ket noi tuyen quang can o vi may o OTDR nh hnh ve. 2. Khi ong may o va chng trnh x ly 3. Chon che o Advanced mode: t ca so chnh chon Setup Mode tab Advanced Mode 4. Chon bc song o: OTDR Wavelength 5. Xac nh cac thong so o nh: khoang cach ( Distance), o ro xung (Pulse Width), thi gian o (Acquisition Time) bang cach hieu chnh cac nut xoay v tr thch hp. Che o o Advanced Mode cho phep ngi s dung tien hanh o theo 3 cach: t ong (automatically) (tng t nh che o Auto Mode khi cach hieu chnh cac nut xoay sang v tr Auto), nhan cong (manually) hoac onThc Hanh Thong Tin Quang

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the-fly (cho phep ngi s dung thay oi thong so o ngay trong khi nguon laser ang phat quang) Ngoai ra cac thong so khac nh: mc ngng ( Threshold) cua cac s co, thong so cu a si quang, cap si quang cung co the thay oi c trong che o Advanced Mode nay bang cac tuy chon trong phan Setup. 6. Click vao nut Start e tien hanh o. Quan sat nhng thay oi tren man hnh may o qua trnh o. Bang cach quan sat hnh ve va bang s kien, ghi nhan ket qua o c vao bang bao cao. Lu y: neu viec ket noi khong c thc tot, mot bang canh bao se hien ra thong bao nhng loi co the xay ra. Kiem tra lai viec ket noi va nhan Start e tien hanh o lai (xem chi tiet trong phan hng dan s dung thiet b). 5.4.3.c. Thc hanh va bao cao: 1. Tien hanh o va ghi nhan ket qua o vao bang ket qua vi cac thong so o (bc song o, khoang cac h o, o rong xung, va thi gian o) lan lt nh sau: a. 1310nm, 260km, 20 m va 180s b. 1310nm, 1,3km, 10ns va 15s. c. 1550nm, 260km, 20 m va 180s d. 1550nm, 1,3km, 10ns va 15s. Lu y: quan sat ky nhng thay oi cua Trace c hien th. 2. Xac nh khoang cach gan nhat co the phan biet hai s co ke nhau trong cac trng hp tren? 3. Nhan xet anh hng cua thong so o oi vi ket qua o: a. Khoang cach, so lng, o suy hao cua cac s co co khac nhau khong? Ket qua nao ang tin cay? b. Khi nao can hieu chnh cac thong so o (khoang cach o, o rong xung, va thi gian o) mc toi a (max) va mc toi thieu (min)? 5.4.4 Xac nh V Tr t Cap Tren Tuyen Quang Xac nh iem t tren tuyen quang. Xac nh suy hao toan tuyen.

5.4.4.a. Muc ch: -

5.4.4.b. Mo hnh tuyen quang gia lap:

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Hnh 5.2.

Mo hnh gia lap tuyen cap quang.

Mot tuyen quang gia lap c thc hien nh tren hnh ve 5.2. Cac ac iem cua tuyen quang nay khong c xac nh. 5.4.4.c. Cac bc thc hien: Sinh hien t thc hien cac bc chuan b va tien hanh o da tren nhng kien thc a hoc. 5.4.4.d. Thc hanh va bao cao: S dung may o OTDR e o tuyen quang tren va tra li cac cau hoi sau: 1. Tuyen quang nay co hoat ong c hay khong? Giai thch? 2. Tuy theo tng trng hp cu the, tra li cau a hoac cau b: a. Neu hoat ong c th hao tren toan tuyen la bao nhieu? b. Neu khong hoat ong c th hay xac nh nguyen nhan gay ra s co va v tr xay ra s co? Hay neu bien phap e khac phuc s co nay. 3. Lam cach nao co the kiem tra o chnh xac cua ket qua o trong hai trng hp tren? Hay trnh bay bien phap kiem tra. Neu co the hay thc hien bang thc nghiem? 5.4.5 Xac nh o Phan Giai Va Deadzone Cua May o OTDR * Xac nh cac ac tnh ky thuat cua may o OTDR nh: o phan giai, dai ong, deazone anh gia chat lng may o.

5.4.5.a. Muc ch: -

5.4.5.b. Mo hnh tuyen quang gia lap: Sinh vien t thiet lap mot tuyen quang gia lap theo chu quan e co the xac nh c thong so can biet. 5.4.5.c. Cac bc thc hien: Sinh hien t thc hien cac bc chuan b va tien hanh o da tren nhng kien thc a hoc. 5.4.5.d. Thc hanh va bao cao:
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1. Hay trnh bay phng phap xac nh dai ong cua may o OTDR? Neu co the, hay tien hanh o th va xac nh dai ong cua may o FTB-7000 ang s dung tai phong thc hanh. 2. Hay trnh bay phng phap xac nh o phan dai va deadzone cua may o OTDR? Neu co the, hay tien hanh o th va xac nh o phan dai va deadzone cua may o FTB-7000 ang s dung tai phong thc hanh.

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