DESIGN OF CONCRETE STAIRWAY

Design Criteria :
Materials strenght:
fc'
fy
unit weight of concrete
b

=
=
=
=

20.76 mPa
276 mPa
3
24 kN/m
0.85

Service load:
Live load
Miscellaneous live load
Floor finish and toppings.
Miscellaneous dead load.....

kPa
1.9
0.5
1.1
0.5

tread

0.25

riser.
Lc
hmin..

0.2
2
0.1

A. estimate the thickness of the slab

minimum thickness for simply supported slab to control deflection
(NSCP 5th edition, Table 409-1)

landing slab

200

riser
0.25

tread

1600.00

Lc =

2,000.00

mm

Typical Stair

hmin =
say:

Lc/20 = 2000/20 =
100.00 mm
hmin =
150
mm

1. Service loads
a. service dead load

mm

0
15

250

mm

200

r2 + t 2

WDL = Wstep + Wslab + Wfloor finish +Wmiscellaneous dead load

whare:
W stem = 1/2 ( r ) wc =1/2 (200)(24) =
2.4
kPa
2
2
2
2
W slab = h/t r + t ( Wc) = 0.125 (24) (0.2) + (0.25)
W slab =

3.0735

kPA

0.25

WDL = (2.4)+ (2.1954)+ (1.1)+ (0.5) =

7.0735 kPa

b. service live load

Wll = Wll stair +W miscellaneous live load
Wll = 1.9 + 0.50
Wll =
2.4
kPa

2. Factored loads
Wu = 1.4(DL) + 1.7(LL)
Wu = 13.983 kPa
note:
Anlyze 1m strip of stair slab
3. Compute for the required effective depth of the stair slab.
As required by the minimum thickness requirements of the ACI code.
note:
a) use a 12mmf main bars.
b) use a 20mm minimum concrete cover.
1 m strip
db/2
d

cc

d = h - (cc + db/2)
d = 125 - (20 + 12/2)
d=
74
mm

MOMENT STRENGHT :
Mu = 1/8 Wu Lc2 = 1/8 (13.983) (2250)2
Mu =
6.99145 kN-m

4.Compute for rmin and

rmax

rmin =
rmin =

fc' / 4(fy) = 0.004127

rmax =

(0.75) x {(0.85) ( fc' ) ( b ) ( 600)

1.4/fy = 0.005072

use!

fy ( fy + 600)

rmax =

0.027917

5. Compute for w
Mu = f bd2fc'w ( 1-0.59w)
Mu = 6991450 N-mm
f=
0.9
b=
1000 mm
d=
74 mm
fc' =
20.76 mPa
w - 0.59 w2 = 0.068334
w = 1.623579
w = 0.071336
use!

0.59
-1
3.14
12
10
20
100

6. Compare for ract =

w fc'
fy

ract = 0.005366 > rmin

< rmax

ok!

7. Reinforcements:
A. Main bars
As = rbd

r=
b=
d=

0.005366
1000
mm
74
mm

using 12mmf :
(1000/s)(p*122/4) = 335.0006

S=
284.691 > 3h
As = 397.0621 mm
therefore use 3h spacing =
450
use : 150mm
therefore, use 12 mmf main steel bars spaced @ 150 mm O.C
2

mm

B. Temperature bars
Ast = 0.0018bh
Ast = 0.0018(1000)(100)
mm2
Ast =
270

mm
mm

using 10mmf :
(1000/s)(p*102/4) = 180

S = 290.7407 < 5h ( ok )
therefore use actual spacing = 290.7407 mm
use : 200mm
therefore, use 10 mmf temperature bars spaced @ 200 mm O.C