Design of Rectangular Beam

Material Property
fy =
276.00 Mpa
f'c =
27.60 MPa
Section Property:
b=
310.00 mm
d=
600.00 mm
d' =
85.00

LOAD
Unfactored Moment
M1
450.00
M2
320.00
M3
M4
M5

kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m

Load Factor
1.40
1.70

Mu =

Mu
630.00
544.00
1,174.00

kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m
kN-m

DOUBLY REINFORCED
Tension Steel Area = 9799 square millimeters
Compression Steel Area = 2896 square millimeters
Copyright 2003 by DIT Gillesania
Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center
Unauthorized use of this software is punishable by law

Solution:
min = 1.4/fy = 1.4/276 = 0.0051
Since f'c < 30, 1 = 0.85
bal = 0.85 f'c 1(600) / [fy (600 + fy)] = 0.85(27.6)(0.85)(600) / [276(600 + 276)] = 0.0495
max = 0.75(bal) = 0.75(0.0495) = 0.0371
Mu = 1.4(450) + 1.7(320) = 1174 kN-m
Solve for Mu max to determine whether compression steel is necessary:
= max = 0.0371
= (fy)/f'c = 0.0371(276) / (27.6) = 0.37115
Ru = f'c (1 - 0.59) = 27.6(0.37115)[1 - 0.59(0.37115)] = 8.001 Mpa
Mu max = Ru b d^2 = 0.90(8.001)(310)(600)^2 = 803574105 N-mm = 803.574 kN-m
Since Mu >= Mu max, compression steel is necessary. The beam will be designed as DOUBLY REINFORCED
DOUBLY REINFORCED
Mu1 = Mu max = 803.5741 kN-m
As1 = (max)(b)(d) = (0.0371(310)(600) = 6903 sq. mm
Mu2 = Mu - Mu1= 1174 - 803.5741 = 370.426 kN-m
Mu2 = T2 (d - d') = (0.90)(As2 fy)(d - d')
370.426 x 10^6 = 0.90 (As2)(276)(600 - 85)
As2 = 2896 sq. mm
As = As1 + As2 = 6903 + 2896 = 9799 sq. mm
Verify if compression steel will yield:
[C1 = T1]
0.85 f'c a b = As1 fy
0.85(27.6)(a)(310) = (6903)(276)
a = 261.99 mm
c = a / 1 = 261.99 / 0.85 = 308.22 mm
f's = (600/c)(c - d') = (600 / 308.22) (308.22 - 85) = 434.53 MPa
Since f's > fy, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS. Use f's = fy = 276 MPa
[C2 = T2]
A's f's = As2 fy
A's(276) = 2896(276)
A's = 2896 sq. mm
Tension steel area = 9799 square millimeters
Compression steel area = 2896 square millimeters

rho min

0.0050725

B1
0.85
rho bal
0.0494863
rho max
0.0371147
Mu
1174 kN-m
Solve for Mu max
w=
0.3711473
Ru
8.0005387
Mumax
803.57411 kN-m
D
Doubly
As1
6903.339
Mu1
803.57411
Mu2
370.42589
As2
2895.6263
As
9798.9654
a
261.9863
c
308.21918
f's
434.53333
Use f's
276
A's =
2895.6263

Singly
Ru
rho
As

11.68857
0.0799484
14870.409

Mu = Ru b d^2
1174 x 10^6 = 0.90 Ru(310)(600)^2
Ru = 11.689 MPa
= (0.85 f'c / fy){1 - sqrt[1 - 2Ru/(0.85 f'c)] }
= 0.85(27.6) / (276){1 - sqrt[1 - 2(11.69)/(0.85 x 27.6)] } = 0.0799
As = b d = 0.0799(310)(600)
As = 14870 square millimeters

Mu1 = Mu max = 803.5741 kN-m

As1 = (max)(b)(d) = (0.0371(310)(600) = 6903 sq. mm
Mu2 = Mu - Mu1= 1174 - 803.5741 = 370.426 kN-m
Mu2 = T2 (d - d') = (0.90)(As2 fy)(d - d')
370.426 x 10^6 = 0.90 (As2)(276)(600 - 85)
As2 = 2896 sq. mm
As = As1 + As2 = 6903 + 2896 = 9799 sq. mm

Tension steel area = 14870 square millimeters

Verify if compression steel will yield:

[C1 = T1]
0.85 f'c a b = As1 fy
0.85(27.6)(a)(310) = (6903)(276)
a = 261.99 mm
c = a / 1 = 261.99 / 0.85 = 308.22 mm
f's = (600/c)(c - d') = (600 / 308.22) (308.22 - 85) = 434.53 MPa
Since f's > fy, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS. Use f's = fy = 276 M
[C2 = T2]
A's f's = As2 fy
A's(276) = 2896(276)
A's = 2896 sq. mm
Tension steel area = 9799 square millimeters
Compression steel area = 2896 square millimeters

600) = 6903 sq. mm

= 370.426 kN-m

799 sq. mm

22) (308.22 - 85) = 434.53 MPa

STEEL YIELDS. Use f's = fy = 276 MPa

uare millimeters

Design of Rectangular Beam for Shear

Material Property
fy =
f'c =
Bar diam, db =
n=

276.00 Mpa
21.00 MPa
10.00 mm
2

Section Property:
b=
d=

300.00 mm
580.00 mm

LOAD
Unfactored Shear
V1
200.00
V2
180.00
V3
V4
V5

kN
kN
kN
kN
kN

Load Factor
1.40
1.70

Vu =

Vu
280.00
306.00
586.00

n = 2 for U stirrup
n = 4 for W stirrup
Copyright 2003 by DIT Gillesania
Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center
Unauthorized use of this software is punishable by law

Solution:
Av = (/4)(db^2)(n) = (/4)(10)^2(2) = 157.08 mm^2
Vu = 586 kN
Vc = (1/6)[f'c] bw d = (1/6)[21] (300)(580) = 265.789 kN
Vc = 0.85(265.789) = 225.92 kN
(1/2)Vc = (1/2)(225.92) = 112.96
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

Since Vu > Vc, Stirrups is necessary

Solve for Vs:
Vn = Vc + Vs
Vn = Vu/ = 586)/0.85 = 689.411 kN
Vs = Vn - Vc = 689.411 - 265.789 = 423.622 kN
Determine if the section is adequate to carry Vu:
(2/3)[f'c] bw d = (2/3)[21] (300)(580) = 531.578 kN
Since Vs < (2/3)[f'c] bw d, the beam is adequate to carry the required shear
S = Av fy d / Vs = (157.08)(276)(580) / (423622)
S = 59.36 mm
Solve for maximum spacing:
(1/3)[f'c] bw d = (1/3)[21] (300)(580) = 265.789 kN
since Vs > (1/3)[f'c] bw d
Smax = d/2 =145 mm but shall not be less than 300 mm
Use S = 59.36 mm

kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN